A centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor

Abstract

The application relates to a centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor and relates to the technical field of extractors, and comprises an extractor body and a quantitative liquid adding assembly. The application pre-measures quantitative solvent through a measuring cylinder in the quantitative liquid adding assembly, realizes uniform flow guiding through a three-way pipe, prevents solution backflow in a centrifugal machine during centrifugation through a one-way valve, flexibly controls liquid adding start and stop through a control valve, effectively solves the problem of insufficient quantitative precision of traditional liquid adding, balances the air pressure of a closed space formed by a lower separation shell and an upper separation shell through a micro air hole, ensures smooth solvent flow, enhances the connection stability of the lower separation shell and the upper separation shell through a connecting piece, realizes accurate butt joint of the two through a guide ring, reduces solvent volatilization through a sealing ring to improve environmental protection, fixes the measuring cylinder through an L-shaped support, a limiting groove and a limiting rod, guarantees stable insertion of the limiting rod through a telescopic spring, simplifies disassembly and assembly of the measuring cylinder through a pull tab, avoids loss of mineral powder through filter paper interception, and prevents leakage through a stud and a nut fixed cover plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of extraction instruments, and in particular to a centrifugal asphalt mixture extraction instrument. Background Technology

[0002] The main features of the asphalt extraction unit include the use of a washing chamber and rotary screen for asphalt washing, the use of a high-performance centrifuge to separate fillers, asphalt, and solvents, and the separation of asphalt and solvents through a distillation unit. Furthermore, it can dry mineral powder and fillers, and allow for the repeated use of the solvent. An existing patent (publication number: CN222280267U) discloses a centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor, including an extractor. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the extractor. A lower separation shell is placed on the outer wall of the extractor. A buckle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower separation shell. An upper separation shell is placed on the top of the lower separation shell. A retainer is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper separation shell. In this centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor, the bottom of the material cover of the device is provided with a protrusion. When the material cover is placed on the top of the centrifuge, the protrusion at the bottom of the material cover matches the groove, so that the filter paper on the device is clamped more firmly between the centrifuge and the material cover. Moreover, when the asphalt mixture in the centrifuge cavity is rotated and centrifuged, the uneven groove and the material cover prevent fine particles from being thrown out of the centrifuge cavity by centrifugal force.

[0003] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, a water collection tank and drainage hole are used for filling. Workers pour solvent into the water collection tank on the outer wall of the upper separator shell, and the solvent flows naturally into the centrifuge cavity through the drainage hole that runs through the upper separator shell and the material cover. While this structure achieves basic solvent diversion, its quantitative control precision is insufficient, affecting the extraction effect and measurement accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor that can more accurately add new solvents, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor includes an extractor body and a quantitative liquid addition component. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the extractor body. A centrifuge is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod. A cover plate is installed above the centrifuge. A lower separation shell is installed above the extractor body. An upper separation shell is installed at the top of the lower separation shell. The outer surface of the rotating rod is rotatably sleeved in the inner wall of the lower separation shell.

[0006] The quantitative liquid addition assembly includes a first water collection tank fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper separation shell and a second water collection tank fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cover plate. The inner wall of the upper separation shell has two water collection holes, the bottom ends of which penetrate the cover plate. A measuring cylinder is provided above the upper separation shell, and the bottom end of the measuring cylinder is connected to a three-way pipe. The two bottom ends of the three-way pipe are connected to the two water collection holes. A one-way valve and a control valve are installed on the pipe section of the three-way pipe. Uniformly distributed micro-pores are provided on the upper surface of the upper separation shell, and the micro-pores are located in the inner cavity of the first water collection tank.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the quantitative liquid addition component allows for the pre-measurement of a set amount of solvent using a graduated cylinder, avoiding quantitative deviations caused by reliance on experience in traditional addition methods. The solvent is diverted to two water collection holes via a three-way pipe, and then uniformly guided into the centrifuge through the connection of the first and second water collection tanks. A one-way valve prevents the solution in the centrifuge from flowing back into the flow cylinder during centrifugation, and a control valve allows for flexible control of the start and stop of solvent addition, further improving the accuracy of addition. At the same time, the micro-pores can balance the air pressure in the closed space formed by the upper and lower separation shells, preventing the solvent flow from being affected by air pressure imbalance, thus solving the problems of insufficient quantitative control accuracy and air pressure imbalance interfering with solvent flow in the background technology.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting member is provided between the lower separation shell and the upper separation shell, a guide ring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lower separation shell, a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide ring, and the guide ring and the sealing ring are inserted into a groove opened on the upper surface of the upper separation shell.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the connection between the lower and upper separation shells can be enhanced by the connector, avoiding misalignment of the shells during centrifugation; the guide ring can play a positioning role during the assembly of the upper and lower shells, ensuring precise docking; the sealing ring can fill the gap between the guide ring and the groove of the upper separation shell, significantly improving the sealing performance between the lower and upper separation shells, reducing the amount of solvent evaporation during centrifugation, and solving the problem of solvent evaporation caused by poor sealing performance in the background technology.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the measuring cylinder is fitted with a detachable sealing cap, and the top of the sealing cap is connected to a liquid replenishment tube.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing cap can seal the top of the graduated cylinder, preventing the unfilled solvent inside the graduated cylinder from evaporating upon contact with air, thus further improving environmental friendliness; the detachable design facilitates subsequent cleaning and maintenance of the graduated cylinder; the replenishment tube can replenish solvent into the graduated cylinder without removing the sealing cap, simplifying the operation steps and avoiding additional solvent evaporation caused by frequent opening of the cap.

[0012] Preferably, L-shaped brackets are fixedly connected to both sides of the outer surface of the measuring cylinder, and limit holes are opened at the bottom ends of the two L-shaped brackets. Two limit grooves are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper separation shell, and a limit rod is slidably sleeved on the inner wall of each limit groove. The bottom end of the L-shaped bracket is inserted into the inner wall of the limit groove, and the limit rod is inserted into the inner wall of the limit hole.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the L-shaped bracket provides support for the measuring cylinder, allowing it to be stably installed above the upper separation shell; the limiting groove can limit the bottom end of the L-shaped bracket, allowing the measuring cylinder to move laterally; the limiting rod is inserted into the limiting hole, which can fix the L-shaped bracket in the limiting groove, thereby ensuring that the measuring cylinder remains stable during centrifugation and avoiding the impact of the measuring cylinder shaking on the precise connection between the solvent and the water collection hole through the three-way pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a circular piece is fixedly connected to the ends of the two limiting rods that are far apart from each other, and a telescopic spring is sleeved on the ends of the two circular pieces that are close to each other. The ends of the two telescopic springs that are close to each other are respectively fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two limiting grooves, and a pull tab is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each circular piece.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the telescopic spring can apply elastic force to the limiting rod towards the limiting hole through the circular plate, ensuring that the limiting rod is stably inserted into the limiting hole and preventing the limiting rod from accidentally disengaging; the pull plate makes it easy for the staff to pull the circular plate, thereby driving the limiting rod to disengage from the limiting hole, realizing the quick separation of the L-shaped bracket from the limiting groove, simplifying the disassembly and assembly process of the measuring cylinder, and improving the convenience of equipment maintenance.

[0016] Preferably, filter paper is installed between the centrifuge and the cover plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the filter paper can perform solid-liquid separation of the asphalt mixture in the centrifuge during the centrifugation process, allowing the asphalt solution to flow through the filter paper to the separation shell, while retaining the mineral powder in the mixture and avoiding the loss of mineral powder caused by the flow of the solution.

[0018] Preferably, the top end of the rotating rod passes through the cover plate, and a nut is threaded onto the top end of the rotating rod. The centrifuge and the cover plate are fixedly connected by studs and nuts.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the fit between the stud and the nut can tightly fix the cover plate above the centrifuge, ensuring that there is no relative displacement between the cover plate and the centrifuge during the centrifugation process, and avoiding leakage of mineral powder or splashing of solution due to loosening of the cover plate; the threaded connection structure makes it easy for operators to disassemble and assemble the cover plate as needed, making it convenient to add mixtures into the centrifuge or remove filter paper, thus improving the ease of operation.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the lower separation shell is connected to a drain pipe, and the output end of the drain pipe is connected to a collection cylinder.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the drain pipe can guide the asphalt solution collected in the lower and upper separation shells to the collection cylinder, avoiding solution residue in the shells; the collection cylinder can centrally collect the asphalt solution, facilitating subsequent recycling or compliant treatment of the solvent in the solution; compared with the traditional open collection method, the combination of the drain pipe and the collection cylinder can avoid splashing and evaporation during the solution collection process, improving operational safety and environmental protection.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor uses a graduated cylinder in the quantitative liquid addition component to pre-measure a fixed amount of solvent, which is then uniformly guided by a three-way pipe. A one-way valve prevents backflow of the solution within the centrifuge during centrifugation, and a control valve flexibly controls the start and stop of addition, effectively solving the problem of insufficient quantitative accuracy in traditional addition methods. Furthermore, micro-pores balance the air pressure in the closed space formed by the lower and upper separation shells, ensuring smooth solvent flow. Connectors enhance the connection stability between the lower and upper separation shells, and guide rings ensure precise docking. Sealing rings fill gaps to reduce solvent evaporation and improve environmental friendliness. The graduated cylinder is fixed by an L-shaped bracket, a limiting groove, and a limiting rod. A telescopic spring ensures stable insertion of the limiting rod, and a pull tab simplifies the disassembly and assembly of the graduated cylinder. Filter paper traps mineral powder to prevent loss, and studs and nuts fix the cover plate to prevent leakage. A drain pipe and a collection cylinder collect the solution centrally to prevent splashing. Overall, this improves extraction efficiency, ease of operation, and equipment stability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial bottom view of the structure of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional planar structure of this application; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of this application.

[0024] In the picture: 1. Extractor body; 2. Rotating rod; 3. Lower separation shell; 4. Upper separation shell; 5. Centrifuge; 6. Cover plate; 7. Quantitative liquid addition assembly; 701. First water collection tank; 702. Second water collection tank; 703. Water collection hole; 704. Measuring cylinder; 705. T-connector; 706. One-way valve; 707. Control valve; 708. Sealing cap; 709. Liquid replenishment pipe; 710. L-shaped bracket; 711. Limiting hole; 712. Limiting groove; 713. Limiting rod; 714. Circular disc; 715. Telescopic spring; 716. Pull tab; 717. Micro air hole; 8. Connecting piece; 9. Guide ring; 10. Sealing ring; 11. Filter paper; 12. Stud; 13. Nut; 14. Drain pipe; 15. Liquid collection cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 5 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0026] Example 1: A centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The extraction unit includes an extraction machine body 1 and a quantitative liquid addition assembly 7. A rotating rod 2 is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the extraction machine body 1. A centrifuge 5 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod 2. A cover plate 6 is installed above the centrifuge 5. A lower separation shell 3 is installed above the extraction machine body 1, and an upper separation shell 4 is installed at the top of the lower separation shell 3. The outer surface of the rotating rod 2 is rotatably fitted within the inner wall of the lower separation shell 3. The quantitative liquid addition assembly 7 includes a first water collection tank 701 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper separation shell 4 and a second water collection tank 702 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cover plate 6. Two water collection holes 703 are opened on the inner wall of the upper separation shell 4, and the bottom ends of the two water collection holes 703 penetrate the cover plate 6. A measuring cylinder 704 is provided above the upper separation shell 4, and a three-way pipe 705 is connected to the bottom end of the measuring cylinder 704. The two bottom ends are connected to two water collection holes 703. A one-way valve 706 and a control valve 707 are installed on the pipe section of the three-way pipe 705. The upper surface of the upper separation shell 4 is provided with uniformly distributed micro air holes 717. The micro air holes 717 are set in the inner cavity of the first water collection tank 701. The top of the measuring cylinder 704 is equipped with a detachable sealing cap 708. The top of the sealing cap 708 is connected to a replenishing pipe 709. The sealing cap 708 can seal the top of the measuring cylinder 704 to prevent the solvent not added in the measuring cylinder 704 from evaporating due to contact with air, further improving environmental protection. The detachable design facilitates subsequent cleaning and maintenance of the measuring cylinder 704. The replenishing pipe 709 can replenish the solvent in the measuring cylinder 704 without removing the sealing cap 708, simplifying the operation steps and avoiding additional solvent evaporation caused by frequent opening of the cap.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 Both sides of the outer surface of the measuring cylinder 704 are fixedly connected to L-shaped brackets 710. Limiting holes 711 are formed at the bottom ends of both L-shaped brackets 710. Two limiting grooves 712 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper separation shell 4. A limiting rod 713 is slidably fitted onto the inner wall of each limiting groove 712. The bottom end of the L-shaped bracket 710 is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting groove 712, and the limiting rod 713 is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting hole 711. The L-shaped brackets 710 provide support for the measuring cylinder 704, allowing it to be stably installed above the upper separation shell 4. The limiting grooves 712 can limit the bottom end of the L-shaped brackets 710, allowing the measuring cylinder 704 to move laterally. The limiting rod 713, inserted into the limiting hole 711, can fix the L-shaped brackets 710 within the limiting groove 712, thereby ensuring the stability of the measuring cylinder 704 during centrifugation and preventing the solvent from being affected by the shaking of the measuring cylinder 704. The three-way pipe 705 is precisely connected to the water collection hole 703. Two circular pieces 714 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two limiting rods 713 that are far apart from each other. A telescopic spring 715 is fitted onto the ends of the two circular pieces 714 that are close to each other. The ends of the two telescopic springs 715 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two limiting grooves 712. A pull tab 716 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each circular piece 714. The telescopic spring 715 can apply a spring force towards the limiting hole 711 to the limiting rod 713 through the circular piece 714, ensuring that the limiting rod 713 is stably inserted into the limiting hole 711 and preventing accidental disengagement. The pull tab 716 allows the operator to pull the circular piece 714, thereby causing the limiting rod 713 to disengage from the limiting hole 711, achieving rapid separation of the L-shaped bracket 710 from the limiting groove 712, simplifying the disassembly and assembly process of the measuring cylinder 704, and improving the convenience of equipment maintenance.

[0028] Example 2: A centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5Based on the same concept as in Embodiment 1 above, this embodiment proposes that a filter paper 11 be installed between the centrifuge 5 and the cover plate 6. The filter paper 11 can perform solid-liquid separation of the asphalt mixture in the centrifuge 5 during centrifugation, allowing the asphalt solution to flow through the filter paper 11 to the separation shell, while trapping the mineral powder in the mixture to prevent the loss of mineral powder caused by the solution flowing out. A connecting piece 8 is provided between the lower separation shell 3 and the upper separation shell 4. A guide ring 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lower separation shell 3, and a sealing ring 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide ring 9. The sealing ring 10 is inserted into the groove on the upper surface of the upper separation shell 4. The connection between the lower separation shell 3 and the upper separation shell 4 can be enhanced by the connector 8, which can prevent misalignment of the shells during centrifugation. The guide ring 9 can play a positioning role when assembling the upper and lower shells, ensuring that the two are accurately connected. The sealing ring 10 can fill the gap between the guide ring 9 and the groove of the upper separation shell 4, which can significantly improve the sealing performance between the lower separation shell 3 and the upper separation shell 4, reduce the amount of solvent evaporation during centrifugation, and solve the problem of solvent evaporation caused by poor sealing performance in the prior art.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The top of the rotating rod 2 passes through the cover plate 6, and a nut 13 is threaded onto the top of the rotating rod 2. The centrifuge 5 and the cover plate 6 are fixedly connected by studs 12 and nuts 13. The engagement of studs 12 and nuts 13 can tightly fix the cover plate 6 above the centrifuge 5, ensuring no relative displacement between the cover plate 6 and the centrifuge 5 during centrifugation, and preventing leakage of mineral powder or splashing of solution due to loosening of the cover plate 6. The threaded connection structure allows operators to easily disassemble and assemble the cover plate 6 as needed, facilitating the addition of mixtures to the centrifuge 5 or the removal of filter paper 11, improving operational convenience. One end of the separation shell 3 is connected to a drain pipe 14, and the output end of the drain pipe 14 is connected to a collection cylinder 15. The drain pipe 14 can guide the asphalt solution collected in the lower separation shell 3 and the upper separation shell 4 to the collection cylinder 15 to avoid the solution remaining in the shell. The collection cylinder 15 can collect the asphalt solution in a centralized manner, which is convenient for the subsequent recycling or compliant treatment of the solvent in the solution. Compared with the traditional open collection method, the combination of the drain pipe 14 and the collection cylinder 15 can avoid splashing and evaporation during the solution collection process, and improve operational safety and environmental protection.

[0030] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Asphalt mixture is placed into centrifuge 5, cover plate 6 is placed on top, and secured with studs 12 and nuts 13, so that filter paper 11 is tightly clamped between centrifuge 5 and cover plate 6. Then, lower separation shell 3 and upper separation shell 4 are connected via connector 8, using guide ring 9 for precise positioning. Simultaneously, sealing ring 10 at the bottom of guide ring 9 fills the gap between the two to form a sealed space. Then, the extraction machine body 1 is started for centrifugation. When a quantitative amount of new solvent needs to be added, a set amount of solvent is injected into measuring cylinder 704 through replenishment pipe 709. The amount of solvent is then confirmed a second time according to the measuring cylinder 704's range. Next, control valve 707 is opened, and the solvent is diverted through three-way pipe 705 to two water collection holes 703, and then flows smoothly into centrifuge 5 through the first water collection tank 701 and the second water collection tank 702. During this process, one-way valve 706 prevents liquid in centrifuge 5 from flowing back into measuring cylinder 704 and upper separation shell. The micro-pores 717 on the shell balance the air pressure in real time, ensuring smooth solvent flow. Then, the extraction machine body 1 is started, and its output shaft drives the rotating rod 2 to rotate, which in turn drives the centrifuge 5 fixed on the rotating rod 2 to rotate at high speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the solution in the asphalt mixture is thrown out through the filter paper 11 into the closed space formed by the lower separation shell 3 and the upper separation shell 4. The filter paper 11 retains the mineral powder to prevent loss. The thrown-out asphalt solution is collected along the inner wall of the shell and flows into the collection cylinder 15 through the drain pipe 14 at one end of the lower separation shell 3 for centralized collection. If solvent needs to be added, the quantitative addition step can be repeated. After the test, pull the pull plate 716 to drive the circular plate 714 to stretch the telescopic spring 715, so that the limit rod 713 is disengaged from the limit hole 711 of the first water collection tank 701. The measuring cylinder 704 can be removed for cleaning. Unscrew the nut 13 to remove the cover plate 6 and the filter paper 11, and the retained mineral powder and the solution in the collection cylinder 15 can be further processed.

Claims

1. A centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor, comprising an extractor body (1) and a quantitative liquid addition assembly (7), characterized in that: The output shaft end of the extraction machine body (1) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (2), and a centrifuge (5) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod (2). A cover plate (6) is installed above the centrifuge (5). A lower separation shell (3) is installed above the extraction machine body (1), and an upper separation shell (4) is installed at the top of the lower separation shell (3). The outer surface of the rotating rod (2) is rotatably sleeved in the inner wall of the lower separation shell (3). The quantitative liquid addition assembly (7) includes a first water collection tank (701) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper separation shell (4) and a second water collection tank (702) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cover plate (6). The inner wall of the upper separation shell (4) has two water collection holes (703), and the bottom ends of the two water collection holes (703) penetrate the cover plate (6). A measuring cylinder (704) is provided above the upper separation shell (4). The bottom end of the measuring cylinder (704) is connected to a three-way pipe (705). The two bottom ends of the three-way pipe (705) are connected to the two water collection holes (703). A one-way valve (706) and a control valve (707) are installed on the pipe section of the three-way pipe (705). The upper surface of the upper separation shell (4) has uniformly distributed micro air holes (717), and the micro air holes (717) are located in the inner cavity of the first water collection tank (701).

2. The centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connector (8) is provided between the lower separation housing (3) and the upper separation housing (4). A guide ring (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lower separation housing (3). A sealing ring (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide ring (9). The guide ring (9) and the sealing ring (10) are inserted into the groove opened on the upper surface of the upper separation housing (4).

3. The centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring cylinder (704) is equipped with a detachable sealing cap (708) at its top, and the top of the sealing cap (708) is connected to a liquid replenishment tube (709).

4. The centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the outer surface of the measuring cylinder (704) are fixedly connected to L-shaped brackets (710). The bottom ends of the two L-shaped brackets (710) are provided with limiting holes (711). The upper surface of the upper separation shell (4) is fixedly connected to two limiting grooves (712). The inner wall of each limiting groove (712) is slidably fitted with a limiting rod (713). The bottom end of the L-shaped bracket (710) is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting groove (712), and the limiting rod (713) is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting hole (711).

5. A centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the two limiting rods (713) has a circular piece (714) fixedly connected to its far end. Each of the two circular pieces (714) has a telescopic spring (715) sleeved on its close end. The close ends of the two telescopic springs (715) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two limiting grooves (712). Each of the circular pieces (714) has a pull tab (716) fixedly connected to its outer surface.

6. The centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter paper (11) is installed between the centrifuge (5) and the cover plate (6).

7. The centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the rotating rod (2) passes through the cover plate (6), and the top end of the rotating rod (2) is threaded with a nut (13). The centrifuge (5) and the cover plate (6) are fixedly connected by studs (12) and nuts (13).

8. A centrifugal asphalt mixture extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the lower separation shell (3) is connected to a drain pipe (14), and the output end of the drain pipe (14) is connected to a collection cylinder (15).

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