Hollow high-speed core wire and high-speed cable

Abstract

The application relates to a hollow high-speed core wire and a high-speed cable. A gap is arranged in a center area with the highest field intensity, air is introduced as a transmission medium, the effect is much higher than that in other areas, the overall attenuation value of the hollow high-speed core wire is reduced, and the transmission performance is improved. A through hole is arranged at an intermediate surface between the first conductor and the second conductor. During processing, the problem of ensuring that the sizes of all holes are completely consistent does not need to be faced, the production process is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, signal transmission problems caused by the size of the through hole are avoided, that is, the amount of introduced air can be ensured to be the same, the delay difference and the differential-to-common mode parameter during transmission of a differential signal are ensured to be the most critical, signal transmission distortion and error codes are avoided, the differential signal transmission is not distorted and packet loss is effectively ensured, the production yield of the hollow high-speed core wire and the effectiveness of signal transmission are improved, and the wire mechanical strength of the hollow high-speed core wire is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication wires and cables, and in particular to hollow high-speed core wires and high-speed cables. Background Technology

[0002] Data transmission lines are used for high-speed data transmission and are also known as high-speed cables. Their basic structure consists of two core wires with an outer insulation layer. They use differential pairs for signal transmission, so the symmetry of the structure is very important.

[0003] Theoretically, signals transmit almost without attenuation in a vacuum, making it the optimal environment for signal transmission. However, this is difficult to achieve in practice. Therefore, in real-world applications, signal transmission in air is relatively better. Conversely, high-speed cables achieve the best structural stability when the insulation layer is entirely filled with insulating media, but this results in greater signal attenuation and relatively poor signal transmission. Consequently, the hollow structures in traditional high-speed data transmission lines are primarily coupler structures, such as the insulating media structure and high-speed cable disclosed in publication number CN222462393U.

[0004] However, traditional data transmission lines with a core-coupled cable structure have two serious problems. First, the core wire has holes all around its circumference, which reduces the overall strength of the cable and makes it susceptible to bending. Second, because the holes are very small, typically less than 0.2mm in diameter, it is difficult to ensure that all holes are exactly the same size during manufacturing, especially when one core wire has a larger hole than the other. Figure 1 The diagram shows an issue with varying hole sizes; some holes are small (901), while others are large (902). There may also be holes of other diameters, resulting in different amounts of air introduced. Because this varying air volume accumulates along the wire length, it significantly impacts the crucial delay and differential-to-common-mode parameters for differential signal transmission, leading to signal distortion and bit errors. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hollow high-speed core wire and a high-speed cable.

[0006] One embodiment of this application is a hollow high-speed core wire, which includes a conductor and an insulating layer;

[0007] The conductor includes a first conductor and a second conductor, and the hollow high-speed core wire has a middle surface, with the first conductor and the second conductor arranged symmetrically with respect to the middle surface;

[0008] The insulating layer covers the first conductor and the second conductor, and is spaced apart from the first conductor and the second conductor;

[0009] The hollow high-speed core wire is also provided with a through hole located in the insulation layer, and the through hole itself is symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface.

[0010] The through hole is disposed between the first conductor and the second conductor, and is separated from both the first conductor and the second conductor by the insulating layer.

[0011] The aforementioned hollow high-speed core wire, through its symmetrically arranged through-holes relative to its center plane, combined with conductors and insulation layers, achieves several advantages. First, by placing the gaps in the central region where the electric field strength is highest, the effectiveness of introducing air as a transmission medium is far greater than in other regions. This helps reduce the overall attenuation value of the hollow high-speed core wire, thereby improving transmission performance. Second, the through-holes are located at the mid-surface between the first and second conductors, eliminating the need to ensure that all holes are of the same size during processing. The through-hole placement also reduces production steps, thus improving production efficiency. Third, regardless of the hole size, signal transmission will not be affected by the through-hole size, ensuring a consistent amount of air introduced. This helps maintain the critical delay difference and differential-to-common-mode parameters when transmitting differential signals, thereby preventing signal transmission distortion and bit errors. It effectively ensures that differential signals are transmitted without distortion or packet loss, thus improving the production yield and signal transmission effectiveness of the hollow high-speed core wire. Finally, compared to traditional core wires with a core structure, the hollow high-speed core wire has significantly improved mechanical strength due to the fewer holes around its perimeter.

[0012] In some embodiments, along the length direction of the hollow high-speed core wire, the first conductor has a first central axis, the second conductor has a second central axis, the through hole has a third central axis, and the first central axis, the second central axis, and the third central axis are all parallel to the length direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the hollow high-speed core wire has only one through-hole; or...

[0014] The number of through holes is at least two.

[0015] In some embodiments, the through-hole passes through the insulating layer; or,

[0016] Along the length of the hollow high-speed core wire, the through hole has a circular or elliptical cross-section.

[0017] In some embodiments, the hollow high-speed core wire includes a separable first part and a second part;

[0018] The insulating layer includes a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer;

[0019] The first conductor is disposed in the first insulating layer and together with the first insulating layer forms the first split body, and the first split body has a first half hole in the first insulating layer;

[0020] The second conductor is disposed in the second insulating layer and together with the second insulating layer forms the second part, and the second part has a second half hole in the second insulating layer;

[0021] The first and second parts are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface, and the first half-hole and the second half-hole cooperate to form the through hole.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first and second parts are configured to be positioned and abutted by a wrapping or extruded covering layer.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first part abuts against the second part and the abutting surface coincides with the middle surface.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first split body has only one first half-hole, and the second split body has only one second half-hole; or,

[0025] The number of the first half-hole and the second half-hole is N, where N is a natural number greater than 1.

[0026] In some embodiments, a high-speed cable includes a ground wire, a sheathing layer, and a hollow high-speed core wire as described in any embodiment, wherein the sheathing layer covers the ground wire and the hollow high-speed core wire.

[0027] In some embodiments, the covering layer includes a first covering layer and a second covering layer, wherein the second covering layer covers the hollow high-speed core wire, and the first covering layer covers the ground wire and the second covering layer.

[0028] The ground wire includes a first ground wire and a second ground wire, the first ground wire and the second ground wire are symmetrically arranged, and the plane of symmetry coincides with the mid-plane between the first conductor and the second conductor of the hollow high-speed core wire.

[0029] As an example, the high-speed cable has a gap between the first sheathing layer, the ground wire, and the second sheathing layer to introduce air as a transmission medium, which helps to reduce the wire attenuation value. As an example, the gap at the first ground wire and the gap at the second ground wire are symmetrical in shape, and the plane of symmetry coincides with the mid-surface between the first conductor and the second conductor of the hollow high-speed core wire. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a data transmission line in a traditional coupler structure along its length.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the high-speed cable described in this application.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The illustrated embodiment is a schematic cross-sectional view along its length.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hollow high-speed core wire in the embodiment shown.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Another internal structure diagram of the embodiment shown.

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 3 The differential signal field strength test diagram of the embodiment shown.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the hollow high-speed core wire described in this application.

[0038] Figure 8 For having Figure 7 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a high-speed cable with a hollow high-speed core wire.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the hollow high-speed core wire described in this application.

[0040] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The illustrated embodiment is a schematic diagram of its application form.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the hollow high-speed core wire described in this application.

[0042] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The illustrated embodiment is a schematic diagram of its application form.

[0043] Reference numerals: Hollow high-speed core wire 100, first central axis 101, second central axis 102, third central axis 103, conductor 110, first conductor 111, second conductor 112, insulation layer 120, first insulation layer 121, second insulation layer 122, through hole 130, first split 140, first half hole 141, second split 150, second half hole 151, middle surface 160, high-speed cable 200, ground wire 300, first ground wire 310, second ground wire 320, sheathing layer 400, first sheathing layer 410, second sheathing layer 420, gap 500, length direction 600, small hole 901, large hole 902. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application's specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0049] This application discloses a hollow high-speed core wire and a high-speed cable, which includes some or all of the technical features of the following embodiments; that is, the hollow high-speed core wire and the high-speed cable include some or all of the following structures. In one embodiment of this application, a hollow high-speed core wire includes a conductor and an insulating layer; the conductor includes a first conductor and a second conductor, and the hollow high-speed core wire has a middle surface, the first conductor and the second conductor being symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface; the insulating layer covers the first conductor and the second conductor and is spaced apart from the first conductor and the second conductor; the hollow high-speed core wire also has a through hole located in the insulating layer, the through hole itself being symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface; the through hole is disposed between the first conductor and the second conductor, and is spaced apart from the first conductor and the second conductor by the insulating layer. The aforementioned hollow high-speed core wire, through its symmetrically arranged through-holes relative to its center plane, combined with conductors and insulation layers, achieves several advantages. First, by placing the gaps in the central region where the electric field strength is highest, the effectiveness of introducing air as a transmission medium is far greater than in other regions. This helps reduce the overall attenuation value of the hollow high-speed core wire, thereby improving transmission performance. Second, the through-holes are located at the mid-surface between the first and second conductors, eliminating the need to ensure that all holes are of the same size during processing. Furthermore, the through-hole placement design reduces production steps, thus improving production efficiency. Third, regardless of the hole size, signal transmission will not be affected by the through-hole size, ensuring a consistent amount of air introduced. This helps maintain the critical delay difference and differential-to-common-mode parameters for differential signal transmission, thereby preventing signal transmission distortion and bit errors. It effectively ensures distortion-free packet loss during differential signal transmission, thus improving the production yield and signal transmission effectiveness of the hollow high-speed core wire. Finally, compared to traditional core wires with a core structure, the fewer holes around the perimeter significantly improve the mechanical strength of the hollow high-speed core wire. The following section will further elaborate on this point. Figures 2 to 12 The hollow high-speed core wire and high-speed cable are described in detail.

[0050] In some embodiments, a high-speed cable 200, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, it includes a ground wire 300, a sheathing layer 400, and a hollow high-speed core wire 100 as described in any embodiment of this document. The sheathing layer 400 covers the ground wire 300 and the hollow high-speed core wire 100. As an example, the sheathing layer 400 is a middle sheath, a shielding layer, or an outer sheath. It is understood that since the high-speed cable 200 uses the hollow high-speed core wire 100 as described in any embodiment, the high-speed cable 200 also possesses the beneficial technical effects of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0051] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the covering layer 400 includes a first covering layer 410 and a second covering layer 420. The second covering layer 420 covers the hollow high-speed core wire 100, and the first covering layer 410 covers the ground wire 300 and the second covering layer 420. Figure 8 The ground wire 300 includes a first ground wire 310 and a second ground wire 320, which are symmetrically arranged and their plane of symmetry coincides with the mid-surface 160 between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100. As an example, the first covering layer 410 is a shielding layer, and the second covering layer 420 is an outer sheath; or, the first covering layer 410 is a middle sheath, and the second covering layer 420 is a shielding layer.

[0052] This structural design, on the one hand, by symmetrically arranging the first ground wire 310 and the second ground wire 320, and making the plane of symmetry coincide with the mid-plane 160 between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, allows the layout of the ground wires and core wire conductors to form a stable and symmetrical structure, effectively canceling external electromagnetic interference, reducing the impact of interference on the transmission signal of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, thereby ensuring the stability of differential signal transmission and reducing the risk of signal distortion. On the other hand, the cladding layer 400 adopts a double-layer design of the first cladding layer 410 and the second cladding layer 420, and provides two practical layer function combination schemes: when the first cladding layer 410 is a shielding layer and the second cladding layer 420 is an outer sheath, the outer sheath can protect the internal hollow high-speed core wire 100 and the shielding layer, and the shielding layer further blocks external electromagnetic interference; when the first cladding layer 410 is a middle sheath and the second cladding layer 420 is a shielding layer, the middle sheath can achieve the insulation interval of the internal structure, and the shielding layer plays an anti-interference role. The two options can be flexibly selected according to actual usage needs, which improves the applicability of the overall structure. At the same time, the double-layer wrapping design also enhances the protection of the internal hollow high-speed core wire 100 and ground wire 300, reduces the damage of external forces to internal components, and indirectly ensures transmission performance and service life.

[0053] As an example, such as Figure 3 or Figure 8 As shown, the high-speed cable 200 has a gap 500 between the first sheathing layer 410, the ground wire 300, and the second sheathing layer 420 to introduce air as a transmission medium, which helps to reduce the cable attenuation value. As an example, the gap 500 at the first ground wire 310 and the gap 500 at the second ground wire 320 are symmetrical in shape, and the plane of symmetry coincides with the mid-surface 160 between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100.

[0054] This structural design, on the one hand, by setting a gap 500 between the first sheathing layer 410, the ground wire 300 and the second sheathing layer 420 of the high-speed cable 200, and introducing air as a transmission medium, can effectively reduce the overall attenuation value of the high-speed cable 200, thereby improving signal transmission performance; on the other hand, the gap 500 at the first ground wire 310 and the second ground wire 320 is symmetrical in shape, and the symmetrical plane coincides with the middle surface 160 between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, which can ensure the stability of the delay difference and differential-to-common-mode parameters when transmitting differential signals, avoid signal transmission distortion and bit errors, and at the same time help to simplify the production process and improve production efficiency.

[0055] In some embodiments, a hollow high-speed core wire 100, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it includes a conductor 110 and an insulating layer 120; the conductor 110 includes a first conductor 111 and a second conductor 112, and the hollow high-speed core wire 100 has a middle surface 160, with the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface 160; the insulating layer 120 covers the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 and is spaced apart from the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112; the hollow high-speed core wire 100 also has a through hole 130 located in the insulating layer 120, with the through hole 130 itself symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface 160; the through hole 130 is disposed between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, and is spaced apart from the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 by the insulating layer 120.

[0056] This structural design, through the symmetrically arranged through-holes 130 relative to the middle surface 160, in conjunction with the conductor 110 and the insulation layer 120, has several advantages. First, by placing the gap in the central region where the electric field strength is highest, the effect of introducing air as a transmission medium is far greater than in other regions. This helps reduce the overall attenuation value of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, thereby improving transmission performance. Second, the through-holes 130 are located at the middle surface 160 between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112. During processing, there is no need to address the issue of ensuring that all holes are exactly the same size. Furthermore, the position of the through-holes 130 also helps reduce production steps, thereby improving production efficiency. Finally, regardless of how the holes are drilled, the through-holes will not cause problems. The size of 130 causes signal transmission problems, but it ensures that the amount of air introduced is the same, which helps to ensure the most critical delay difference and differential-to-common-mode parameters when transmitting differential signals. This helps to avoid signal transmission distortion and bit errors, and effectively ensures that differential signal transmission is distortion-free and packet loss-free. Therefore, it improves the production yield and signal transmission effectiveness of the hollow high-speed core wire 100. On the other hand, compared with traditional core wires with a core structure, this application has fewer holes around the perimeter, which greatly improves the wire mechanical strength of the hollow high-speed core wire 100. It can also be understood that because there are fewer holes, such as fewer holes on the sides, the wire mechanical strength of the hollow high-speed core wire 100 is greatly improved compared with traditional core wires with a core structure.

[0057] In each embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the conductor 110 includes a first conductor 111 and a second conductor 112, and the hollow high-speed core wire 100 has a mid-plane 160. Typically, since the hollow high-speed core wire 100 is usually a symmetrical structure, the mid-plane 160 appears as a line of symmetry in cross-section, which can be called the central axis. The first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the mid-plane 160; as an example, along the length direction 600 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, both the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 have a circular cross-section. The first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 serve as a differential pair, that is, the hollow high-speed core wire 100 has a differential pair for data transmission. There is a through hole 130 on the central axis of the core wire, that is, the middle surface 160. The gap, such as the through hole 130, is set in the central region where the electric field strength is the highest. When the through hole 130 is in the center of the two conductors 110, the overall symmetry is not affected regardless of whether the hole is large or small during actual processing. Moreover, the area between the conductors 110 is the area with the highest electric field strength of the entire wire. The effect of introducing air as a transmission medium by the through hole 130 in this area is much higher than in other areas. As an example, the number of conductors 110 is two, and each conductor 110 is composed of a single or multiple strands of metal wire. The material of the metal wire includes, but is not limited to, silver-plated copper, tin-plated copper, bare copper, silver-plated copper-clad steel, silver-plated copper-clad aluminum, silver-copper alloy, silver-plated silver-copper alloy, tin-plated silver-copper alloy, tin-copper alloy, tin-tin-copper alloy, silver-tin-copper alloy, etc. The cross-sectional shape can be circular, elliptical, flat, square or other shapes.

[0058] This structural design ensures that, on the one hand, the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface 160, and both have circular cross-sections along the length direction 600. When transmitting data as a differential pair, the symmetrical layout itself lays the foundation for stable transmission. On the other hand, the through hole 130 is located on the middle surface 160, at the center of the two conductors 110. Regardless of the actual size of the through hole 130 during processing, it will not disrupt the overall symmetry of the core wire. Therefore, it can maximize the symmetry and signal transmission stability of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, effectively avoid signal transmission problems caused by differences in hole size, ensure the key delay difference and differential-to-common-mode parameters of differential signal transmission, reduce distortion and bit errors, and improve the core wire production yield and data transmission effectiveness. On the other hand, the area between conductors 110 is the region with the highest electric field strength in the entire hollow high-speed core wire 100. Placing the through-hole 130 here and introducing air as a transmission medium is far more effective than in other areas, significantly reducing the overall attenuation value of the core wire and effectively improving the data transmission performance of the differential pair, meeting the requirements of high-speed data transmission. In other words, it can significantly reduce the core wire attenuation value and improve transmission performance. Furthermore, the design of conductor 110 is both practical and adaptable: the two conductors 110 can be composed of single or multiple strands of metal wire, with materials covering various types such as silver-plated copper and tin-plated copper. The cross-sectional shape can also be flexibly selected as circular, elliptical, etc., which can not only select suitable materials and shapes according to different application scenarios, such as different requirements for transmission efficiency, cost, and anti-interference, but also improve the flexibility of the core wire while ensuring conductivity through the structural design of the metal wire, such as multi-strand wire, facilitating subsequent processing and installation.

[0059] In various embodiments, the insulating layer 120 covers the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, and is spaced apart from the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112. As an example, the insulating layer 120 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the intermediate surface 160, that is, the insulating layer 120 is a single unit, and the intermediate surface 160 passes through the middle of the insulating layer 120 and evenly divides the insulating layer 120. As an example, along the length direction 600 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, the insulating layer 120 has a circular or elliptical cross-section; or, the insulating layer 120 has a rectangular cross-section combined with two identical semicircles; or, the insulating layer 120 has a rectangular cross-section combined with two identical arcuate shapes. As an example, the insulating layer 120 covers the conductor 110 and is integrally extruded. For example, the insulating layer 120 is formed by a one-time extrusion process. The materials of the insulating layer 120 include, but are not limited to, polyethylene, foamed polyethylene, polypropylene, foamed polypropylene, perfluoroethylene propylene, foamed perfluoroethylene propylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, foamed polytetrafluoroethylene, microporous polytetrafluoroethylene insulating layer 120, fusible polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.

[0060] This structural design ensures the overall symmetry of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, providing a stable foundation for signal transmission. The insulation layer 120 is symmetrically positioned relative to the intermediate surface 160, which evenly divides the insulation layer 120. This symmetrical arrangement, combined with the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, forms a complete symmetrical structure, reducing signal interference caused by structural asymmetry and ensuring stable delay and differential-to-common-mode parameters during differential signal transmission. Furthermore, the diverse cross-sectional designs of the insulation layer 120, such as circular, elliptical, rectangular, and semi-circular / arc combinations, adapt to different installation scenarios and usage requirements. For example, in space-constrained environments, rectangular cross-sections can be selected, enhancing the core wire's environmental adaptability and application flexibility. Moreover, the insulation layer 120 is integrally extruded and formed in one piece, covering the conductor 110. This simplifies production processes, reduces processing steps, lowers production difficulty, and improves production efficiency. It also ensures a tight fit between the insulation layer 120 and the conductor 110, preventing uneven interlayer gaps from affecting transmission performance and enhancing the core wire's structural stability. On the other hand, the insulation layer 120 offers a wide range of material choices, such as polyethylene and foamed polyethylene. Depending on different transmission requirements, such as high frequency, low attenuation, and resistance to high and low temperatures, suitable materials can be selected. For example, foamed materials can further reduce signal attenuation and improve the transmission performance and applicability of the hollow high-speed core wire 100.

[0061] To achieve a balance between reducing wire attenuation and increasing the mechanical strength of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, and to maximize the deformation resistance and loosening resistance of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, in various embodiments, the hollow high-speed core wire 100 also has a through hole 130 located in the insulation layer 120. The through hole 130 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the intermediate surface 160; that is, the through hole 130 is a whole, and the intermediate surface 160 passes through the middle of the through hole 130 and evenly divides the through hole 130. The through hole 130 is disposed between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, and is separated from both the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 by the insulation layer 120. That is, the through hole 130 has the insulation layer 120 between it and the first conductor 111, and also has the insulation layer 120 between it and the second conductor 112. The differential signal field strength test results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, at the position between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, the differential signal field is relatively strongest near the first conductor 111 or the second conductor 112, and the differential signal field is relatively second strongest near the through hole 130. The differential signal field at other positions is relatively weak. This also verifies that setting the gap in the central region with the highest field strength and introducing air as a transmission medium has a much better effect than other regions. Therefore, it can reduce the overall attenuation value of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, thereby improving the transmission performance.

[0062] This structural design, by setting through-holes 130 in the insulation layer 120, introduces air as a transmission medium while avoiding excessive openings that weaken the structural strength. Based on differential signal field strength test results, the field strength is strongest near the conductors between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, and second strongest near the through-holes 130. Placing the through-holes 130 in this central region with the highest field strength significantly improves the air introduction effect compared to other regions, effectively reducing the overall attenuation of the core wire and enhancing transmission performance. Simultaneously, the through-holes 130 are only placed between the two conductors and their number is controllable. Compared to traditional multi-hole structures, this significantly preserves the integrity of the insulation layer 120, substantially improving the deformation and loosening resistance of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, achieving dual optimization of transmission and strength. On the other hand, the through-hole 130 is symmetrical with respect to the intermediate surface 160, and the intermediate surface 160 evenly divides the through-hole 130. This matches the symmetrical layout of the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, maintaining the structural balance of the core wire and avoiding differential signal transmission delays and differential-to-common-mode parameter abnormalities caused by structural asymmetry, thus reducing signal distortion and bit errors. Moreover, this design does not require strict control over the exact size of all through-holes 130, reducing the requirements for processing precision and simplifying the production process, thereby helping to improve production efficiency and product yield. Furthermore, the insulation layer 120 spacing design between the through-hole 130 and the conductors ensures the insulation performance and structural stability of the core wire: the through-hole 130 and both the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 are separated by the insulation layer 120, which effectively prevents air or external factors in the through-hole 130 from affecting the conductivity of the conductor, ensuring the reliability of the core wire insulation. At the same time, it further stabilizes the relative position of the conductor and the insulation layer 120, indirectly improving the overall structural stability of the core wire.

[0063] To maximize the symmetry of the internal structure of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, in some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, along the length direction 600 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, the first conductor 111 has a first central axis 101, the second conductor 112 has a second central axis 102, and the through hole 130 has a third central axis 103, and the first central axis 101, the second central axis 102, and the third central axis 103 are all parallel to the length direction 600. As an example, combined with... Figure 4 The first central axis 101 is located at the center of the first conductor 111, the second central axis 102 is located at the center of the second conductor 112, and the third central axis 103 is located at the center of the through hole 130.

[0064] This structural design ensures that, along the length direction 600, the first central axis 101 of the first conductor 111, the second central axis 102 of the second conductor 112, and the third central axis 103 of the through hole 130 are all parallel to the length direction 600. Furthermore, the first central axis 101, the second central axis 102, and the third central axis 103 are respectively located at the center of each component, aligning with the symmetry reference of the intermediate surface 160, forming a highly regular symmetrical structure. This fundamentally reduces signal interference caused by structural asymmetry. On the other hand, the highly symmetrical axis layout allows for precise control of the relative positions of the first conductor 111, the second conductor 112, and the through hole 130, ensuring stable delay differences and differential-to-common-mode parameters during differential signal transmission. This effectively avoids signal transmission distortion and bit errors, guaranteeing the effectiveness of data transmission. On the other hand, the regular axis design is also conducive to production and processing: the clear positioning of the central axis, such as the center position, can simplify the positioning process during processing, reduce the difficulty of controlling the positional accuracy of each component, indirectly improve production efficiency, and at the same time ensure the structural consistency of hollow high-speed core wires in 100 batch production, further improving product yield.

[0065] To simplify the manufacturing process and increase the mechanical strength of the wire, in some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the hollow high-speed core wire 100 has only one through hole 130 to maximize the mechanical strength of the wire by reducing the number of through holes 130, especially the gaps on both sides of the hollow high-speed core wire 100. In other embodiments, the number of through holes 130 is at least two. In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, there are three through holes 130. All three through holes 130 are disposed between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, and all three through holes 130 are spaced apart from the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 by the insulating layer 120 respectively; and each of the three through holes 130 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the intermediate surface 160.

[0066] This structural design, on the one hand, uses only one through-hole 130. By reducing the number of through-holes 130, especially avoiding openings on both sides of the core wire, the integrity of the insulation layer 120 is largely preserved, significantly improving the wire's resistance to deformation and loosening. At the same time, reducing the number of openings simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces processing difficulty, and reduces production steps, helping to improve production efficiency and product yield. On the other hand, the multi-through-hole 130 design can optimize transmission performance while ensuring mechanical strength: all three through-holes 130 are set between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, and are separated from the two conductors by the insulation layer 120. This ensures that all through-holes 130 are located in the central region with high electric field strength, effectively introducing air as a transmission medium, further reducing the overall attenuation value of the core wire, and improving the differential signal transmission efficiency; it also avoids openings on both sides of the core wire, preventing excessive loss of mechanical strength. On the other hand, whether it is a single or three through holes 130, all through holes 130 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface 160, which is compatible with the symmetrical layout of the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112. This can maintain the overall structural symmetry of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, ensure the stability of the delay difference and differential-to-common-mode parameters during differential signal transmission, and avoid signal distortion and bit errors. At the same time, the symmetrical design does not require strict control of the size of each through hole 130 to be completely consistent, reducing the processing accuracy requirements and taking into account both transmission stability and manufacturing flexibility.

[0067] In some embodiments, the through-hole 130 passes through the insulating layer 120, that is, the through-hole 130 penetrates the hollow high-speed core wire 100 along the length direction 600 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, and the length of the through-hole 130 is the same as the length of the insulating layer 120; in other embodiments, the length of the through-hole 130 may be slightly shorter than the length of the insulating layer 120. In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, along the length direction 600 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, the through hole 130 has a circular cross-section. In other embodiments, along the length direction 600 of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, the through hole 130 may also have an elliptical cross-section.

[0068] This structural design allows for several advantages. First, the through-hole 130 can penetrate the insulation layer 120 with a length equal to or slightly shorter than the insulation layer 120. The through-hole design maximizes the introduction of air as a transmission medium, significantly reducing the overall attenuation of the core wire, making it suitable for scenarios with high transmission efficiency requirements. The slightly shorter length design retains some of the advantages of the air medium while further enhancing the structural integrity of the insulation layer 120 and strengthening the mechanical strength of the core wire, making it suitable for scenarios with higher strength requirements. Second, the through-hole 130 features a circular or elliptical cross-section, combining transmission optimization with ease of processing. Both cross-section shapes can accommodate the spatial layout between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, ensuring that the through-hole 130 is stably located in the high-field-strength central region, effectively leveraging the attenuation-reducing effect of the air medium. Furthermore, the circular and elliptical cross-sections are easy to process, requiring no complex molds, simplifying production processes and improving processing efficiency. Both shapes are also easily integrally formed with the insulation layer 120, ensuring the structural stability of the core wire. On the other hand, regardless of the length and cross-sectional shape of the through hole 130, its core is a design method that is located in the central area and adapted to the symmetrical structure. It can match the symmetrical layout of the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, maintain the overall symmetry of the hollow high-speed core wire 100, ensure the data transmission effect, and take into account both design flexibility and transmission reliability.

[0069] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the hollow high-speed core wire 100 includes a separable first part 140 and a second part 150, that is, the first part 140 and the second part 150 can be separated, for example, manufactured separately and then assembled together; the insulating layer 120 includes a first insulating layer 121 and a second insulating layer 122; the first conductor 111 is disposed in the first insulating layer 121 and together with the first insulating layer 121 forms the first part 140, and the first part 140 has a first half-hole 141 in the first insulating layer 121; the second conductor 112 is disposed in the second insulating layer 122 and together with the second insulating layer 122 forms the second part 150, and the second part 150 has a second half-hole 151 in the second insulating layer 122; the first part 140 and the second part 150 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the intermediate surface 160, and the first half-hole 141 and the second half-hole 151 cooperate to form the through hole 130.

[0070] This structural design allows the first component 140 and the second component 150 to be separated and manufactured individually before being assembled. This eliminates the need to directly machine a complete through hole 130 into the integrally formed insulating layer 120, thus avoiding the complex process of opening holes inside the sealed insulating layer 120. Furthermore, the first component 140 only requires machining the first half-hole 141, and the second component 150 only requires machining the second half-hole 151. The machining difficulty of half-holes is much lower than that of complete through holes 130, which can reduce production steps, lower machining accuracy requirements, and facilitate individual control of the production quality of each component, thereby improving overall production efficiency and product yield. On the other hand, the first split 140 and the second split 150 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface 160. The through hole 130 formed by the first half hole 141 and the second half hole 151 naturally meets the symmetry requirements and can be perfectly matched with the symmetrical layout of the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, maintaining the overall structural balance of the hollow high-speed core wire 100. This symmetrical design can ensure that the through hole 130 is stably located in the region of highest field strength between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, giving full play to the role of air medium in reducing attenuation and improving transmission performance. Furthermore, the split design enhances the flexibility and fault tolerance of core wire production. If a component, such as the first component 140, is defective during production, only that component needs to be replaced, eliminating the need to discard the entire core wire and significantly reducing material waste and production costs. Simultaneously, the insulation material and conductor specifications of the first component 140 and the second component 150 can be flexibly adjusted according to different transmission requirements, such as selecting insulation materials with different foaming degrees. While maintaining symmetry, this adapts to diverse application scenarios, further expanding the application range of the hollow high-speed core wire 100. Moreover, the separate components of the first conductor 111 and the first insulation layer 121, and the second conductor 112 and the second insulation layer 122, ensure a tight fit between the conductor and the insulation layer, facilitating production and manufacturing.

[0071] As an example, Figure 9 and Figure 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the first split body 140 has only one first half-hole 141, and the second split body 150 has only one second half-hole 151, together forming only one through hole 130. In other embodiments, the number of the first half-hole 141 and the second half-hole 151 is N, where N is a natural number greater than 1. As an example, such as... Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, there are three of each of the first half-hole 141 and the second half-hole 151. When the first split body 140 and the second split body 150 are put together, the first half-hole 141 and the second half-hole 151 cooperate to form three through holes 130.

[0072] This structural design allows for a flexible balance between ensuring the mechanical strength and transmission performance of the hollow high-speed core wire 100. By setting a half-hole in each of the first split 140 and the second split 150 to form a through hole 130, the number of half-holes reduces the opening area of ​​the insulation layer 120, significantly preserving the structural integrity of the first insulation layer 121 and the second insulation layer 122, and significantly improving the core wire's resistance to deformation and loosening. At the same time, the single through hole 130 can still be stably located in the region of highest electric field strength between the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, introducing air medium to reduce attenuation, thus balancing strength and transmission requirements. On the other hand, the design of at least two half-holes forming a multi-through-hole 130, such as three half-holes forming three through-holes, can optimize transmission performance within a controllable range of mechanical strength. The multi-through-hole 130 can further increase the proportion of air medium, enhance the optimization of the transmission environment in the area with the highest field strength, more efficiently reduce the overall attenuation value of the core wire, and improve the transmission efficiency of differential signals. Moreover, all the first half-holes 141 and the second half-holes 151 are respectively set on the symmetrical first split 140 and the second split 150, and the formed through-hole 130 naturally meets the symmetry requirement of the middle surface 160, ensuring the balance of the core wire structure and avoiding problems such as delay difference and abnormal differential-to-common-mode parameters due to asymmetry in signal transmission. Furthermore, whether it is a single half-hole or N half-holes, they can be processed during the separate production of the splits, without the need to directly open holes in the overall insulation layer, reducing the processing difficulty. Moreover, the number of half-holes can be flexibly adjusted according to the different requirements of strength and transmission efficiency in the actual scenario, which simplifies the production process, improves efficiency, adapts to diverse application scenarios, and ensures the structural consistency and performance stability of the hollow high-speed core wire 100 during mass production.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first component 140 and the second component 150 are configured to be positioned and abutted by a wrapping or extruded covering layer 400, so that the first component 140 and the second component 150 are combined and abutted against each other, forming a symmetrical hollow high-speed core wire 100. In some embodiments, the first component 140 and the second component 150 abut against each other with the abutting surface coinciding with the intermediate surface 160, to ensure effective long-distance transmission of differential signals.

[0074] This structural design, on the one hand, facilitates the stable assembly of the first component 140 and the second component 150, ensuring the overall structural stability of the hollow high-speed core wire 100. By using a wrapping or extruded coating layer 400 to limit and abut the two components, relative displacement of the two components after assembly can be avoided, ensuring that the first half-hole 141 and the second half-hole 151 precisely match to form a complete through hole 130. At the same time, it allows the two components to be tightly integrated into one, forming a symmetrical core wire structure, laying the foundation for subsequent signal transmission and mechanical performance. Moreover, the wrapping and extrusion processes are mature and easy to operate in batches, which can improve production efficiency while ensuring stable assembly. On the other hand, the design of the two split contact surfaces coinciding with the intermediate surface 160 is key to ensuring the effective long-distance transmission of differential signals. The overlap of the contact surfaces with the intermediate surface 160 further strengthens the symmetrical layout of the first split 140 and the second split 150, ensuring that the first conductor 111, the second conductor 112, and the via 130 are all strictly symmetrical with the intermediate surface 160 as the reference. This avoids problems such as increased differential signal transmission delay and abnormal differential-to-common-mode parameters caused by structural asymmetry, effectively reducing signal distortion and bit errors, and ensuring the stability and effectiveness of long-distance transmission. Furthermore, the limiting contact of the cladding layer 400 not only fixes the positions of the two splits but also provides overall protection for the hollow high-speed core wire 100, enhancing its resistance to external impacts. The symmetrical design of the contact surfaces coinciding with the intermediate surface 160, combined with the air medium advantage of the via 130, further ensures the effectiveness of long-distance differential signal transmission while reducing core wire attenuation and improving transmission performance, achieving dual optimization of structure and performance.

[0075] As an example, the insulating layer 120 has several through holes 130 along the central axis of the two conductors 110, with one or more through holes 130. If necessary, through holes 130 can be provided at other locations besides the central axis, and the other through holes 130 should be symmetrical about the central axis. The insulating layer 120 may also not be integrally extruded, but rather divided into two semi-holes, such as... Figure 9 or Figure 11 As shown, when wrapping the outer shielding layer or outer sheath, the two half-hole structures are combined into one to form a complete core wire structure. The hollow high-speed core wire 100 can be covered with a shielding layer or an outer sheath, or a combination of a shielding layer and an outer sheath, to form a high-speed cable 200.

[0076] This structural design, on the one hand, places the through-hole 130 on the central axis of the entire cross-section, i.e., the middle surface 160. Regardless of the hole size, the symmetry of the entire wire remains unaffected, effectively ensuring distortion-free and packet-free differential signal transmission. On the other hand, by introducing air into the highest area at the center, air utilization efficiency is greatly improved. Since the introduced air contributes to the transmission attenuation, transmission performance is enhanced. Furthermore, due to the fewer holes around the perimeter, the mechanical strength of the wire provided in this embodiment is significantly enhanced compared to conventional coupler structures.

[0077] It should be noted that other embodiments of this application also include hollow high-speed core wires and high-speed cables formed by combining the technical features of the above embodiments.

[0078] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0079] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hollow high-speed core wire (100), characterized in that, Includes a conductor (110) and an insulating layer (120); The conductor (110) includes a first conductor (111) and a second conductor (112), and the hollow high-speed core wire (100) has a middle surface (160), wherein the first conductor (111) and the second conductor (112) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface (160); The insulating layer (120) covers the first conductor (111) and the second conductor (112) and is spaced apart from the first conductor (111) and the second conductor (112). The hollow high-speed core wire (100) is also provided with a through hole (130) in the insulation layer (120), and the through hole (130) is symmetrically arranged with respect to the intermediate surface (160); The through hole (130) is disposed between the first conductor (111) and the second conductor (112), and is spaced apart from both the first conductor (111) and the second conductor (112) by the insulating layer (120).

2. The hollow high-speed core wire (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the length direction (600) of the hollow high-speed core wire (100), the first conductor (111) has a first central axis (101), the second conductor (112) has a second central axis (102), and the through hole (130) has a third central axis (103), and the first central axis (101), the second central axis (102) and the third central axis (103) are all parallel to the length direction (600).

3. The hollow high-speed core wire (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow high-speed core wire (100) is provided with only one through hole (130); or, The number of through holes (130) is at least two.

4. The hollow high-speed core wire (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through-hole (130) passes through the insulating layer (120); or, Along the length direction (600) of the hollow high-speed core wire (100), the through hole (130) has a circular or elliptical cross-section.

5. The hollow high-speed core wire (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The hollow high-speed core wire (100) includes a separable first part (140) and a second part (150). The insulating layer (120) includes a first insulating layer (121) and a second insulating layer (122). The first conductor (111) is disposed in the first insulating layer (121) and together with the first insulating layer (121) forms the first split body (140). The first split body (140) has a first half hole (141) in the first insulating layer (121). The second conductor (112) is disposed in the second insulating layer (122) and together with the second insulating layer (122) forms the second part (150). The second part (150) has a second half hole (151) in the second insulating layer (122). The first part (140) and the second part (150) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface (160), and the first half hole (141) and the second half hole (151) cooperate to form the through hole (130).

6. The hollow high-speed core wire (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first part (140) and the second part (150) are configured to be positioned and abutted by a wrapping or extruded covering layer (400).

7. The hollow high-speed core wire (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first part (140) abuts against the second part (150) and the abutting surface coincides with the middle surface (160).

8. The hollow high-speed core wire (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first split body (140) has only one first half-hole (141), and the second split body (150) has only one second half-hole (151); or, The number of the first half-hole (141) and the second half-hole (151) is N, where N is a natural number greater than 1.

9. A high-speed cable (200), characterized in that, It includes a ground wire (300), a sheathing layer (400), and a hollow high-speed core wire (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sheathing layer (400) covers the ground wire (300) and the hollow high-speed core wire (100).

10. The high-speed cable (200) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The covering layer (400) includes a first covering layer (410) and a second covering layer (420), the second covering layer (420) covering the hollow high-speed core wire (100), and the first covering layer (410) covering the ground wire (300) and the second covering layer (420); The ground wire (300) includes a first ground wire (310) and a second ground wire (320). The first ground wire (310) and the second ground wire (320) are symmetrically arranged, and the plane of symmetry coincides with the middle plane (160) between the first conductor (111) and the second conductor (112) of the hollow high-speed core wire (100).

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