Electron gun for double-gate traveling wave tube

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of electron gun for double-grid traveling wave tube, comprising: cathode is configured to escape electron after being heated;Anode and cathode form electric field between, to accelerate the electron that escapes;Shadow grid is set between cathode and anode, first through-hole and multiple first grid wires are formed on shadow grid, so that part of electron escapes between first through-hole and adjacent two first grid wires and forms multiple electron beams under the action of electric field;Control grid is set between shadow grid and anode, pass through adjusting voltage from outside, the conduction or cut-off of multiple electron beams is controlled, second through-hole and multiple second grid wires are formed on control grid, the projection plane of multiple second grid wires on the plane where first through-hole is respectively coincident with multiple first grid wires projection, so that multiple electron beams pass through between second through-hole and adjacent two second grid wires, shadow grid and control grid have preset interval between, preset interval is 0.403mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of microwave vacuum electro-optics, and more specifically, to an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube. Background Technology

[0002] A traveling wave tube (TWT) is a broadband microwave amplification device that operates based on the synchronous interaction between an electron beam and a microwave field. The electron beam exchanges energy with the microwave signal propagating in the traveling wave within a slow-wave structure, converting the electron's kinetic energy into microwave energy and amplifying the signal. Its main applications include satellite communications, radar systems, electronic warfare, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications.

[0003] The basic structure of a traveling wave tube (TWT) mainly includes an electron gun, focusing system, slow-wave structure, input / output devices, and collector. The electron gun is the core component, and its design and performance directly affect key performance indicators such as efficiency, lifespan, and gain. Electron guns can be classified according to their operating mode into continuous-wave electron guns and pulsed electron guns. Pulsed electron guns, based on their design principles, generally include anode-controlled and grid-controlled methods.

[0004] In anode control, the electric field distribution at the anode orifice introduces a lensing effect, resulting in small divergence in the outer electron beam trajectory and large divergence in the inner electron beam trajectory (positive spherical aberration). This effect causes electron trajectory crossing, reducing the laminar flowability and flux of the electron beam. Furthermore, to meet operational requirements, the anode voltage is typically several kilovolts, and pulsed operation results in long voltage rise and fall times and a slow response.

[0005] A grid-controlled electron gun can control the electron beam by finely adjusting the voltage of the control grid. However, to achieve good performance, its structure is usually relatively complex, which introduces a certain amount of interception current. This interception current causes the temperature of the grid structure to rise, reducing the overall reliability of the electron gun and traveling wave tube. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address at least one of the technical problems in the prior art, this utility model provides an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube that can reduce intercept current.

[0007] An embodiment of this utility model provides an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube, comprising: a cathode configured to emit electrons upon heating; an anode forming an electric field with the cathode to accelerate the emitted electrons; a shadow grid disposed between the cathode and the anode, the shadow grid having a first through-hole and a plurality of first grid wires, such that some of the electrons escape through the first through-hole and between two adjacent first grid wires, forming a plurality of electron beams under the action of the electric field; and a control grid disposed between the shadow grid and the anode, configured to control the conduction or cutoff of the plurality of electron beams by adjusting an external voltage, the control grid having a second through-hole and a plurality of second grid wires, the projection surfaces of the plurality of second grid wires on the plane where the first through-hole is located respectively coinciding with the projections of the plurality of first grid wires, such that the plurality of electron beams pass through the second through-hole and between two adjacent second grid wires, the shadow grid and the control grid having a preset distance of 0.403 mm to reduce the interception of electrons by the control grid.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube further includes: a first cylinder sleeved on the outside of the cathode, the cathode being mounted at one end of the first cylinder; a second cylinder sleeved on the outside of the first cylinder, the shadow grid being mounted at the end of the second cylinder near the cathode; and a third cylinder sleeved on the outside of the second cylinder, the control grid being mounted at the end of the third cylinder near the shadow grid.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electron gun for the dual-grid traveling wave tube further includes: a housing, sleeved on the outside of the third cylinder, the housing including: a plurality of power supply parts and a plurality of insulating parts, the plurality of power supply parts and the plurality of insulating parts being alternately arranged, and the plurality of power supply parts supplying power to the cathode, the shadow grid and the control grid respectively through the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder via an external power supply device.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the third cylinder includes: a main body portion having an opening formed thereon to allow multiple electron beams to pass through; a flange portion protruding radially outward along the main body portion to connect with the edge of the control gate; and a connecting portion having one end connected to the flange portion and the other end electrically connected to a power supply portion of the housing, wherein the connecting portion is configured to supply power to the control gate through the power supply device.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the shadow grid protrudes toward the direction of the cathode, and the control grid protrudes toward the direction of the shadow grid.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the shadow grid and the cathode is 0.097 mm.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second through hole uses the plane where the first through hole is located as the projection plane and the extension line of the center of the first through hole as the projection direction, and coincides with the projection of the first through hole, so that the electron beam from the first through hole passes through the second through hole.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the first grid wires are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first through hole, and a third through hole is formed between two adjacent first grid wires; a plurality of second grid wires are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the second through hole, and a fourth through hole is formed between two adjacent second grid wires; the plurality of fourth through holes take the plane where the first through hole is located as the projection plane and the extension line of the center of the first through hole as the projection direction, and respectively coincide with the projection of the plurality of third through holes, so that a plurality of electron beams from the plurality of third through holes pass through the plurality of fourth through holes respectively.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the width of each of the first grid wires is 0.07mm to 0.09mm, and the width of each of the second grid wires is 0.06mm to 0.08mm.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the included angle between two adjacent first grid wires is 45°, and the included angle between two adjacent second grid wires is 45°.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube emits electrons after the cathode is heated. An electric field is formed between the anode and the cathode to accelerate the emitted electrons. A shadow grid is disposed between the cathode and the anode, and a first through hole and multiple first grid wires are formed on the shadow grid, so that some electrons escape through the first through hole and between two adjacent first grid wires and form multiple electron beams under the action of the electric field. A control grid is disposed between the shadow grid and the anode. The control grid controls the conduction or cutoff of multiple electron beams by adjusting the voltage from the outside. A second through hole and multiple second grid wires are formed on the control grid. The projection surfaces of the multiple second grid wires on the plane where the first through hole is located coincide with the projections of the multiple first grid wires, so that multiple electron beams pass through the second through hole and between two adjacent second grid wires. A preset distance of 0.403 mm is provided between the shadow grid and the control grid to reduce the interception of electrons by the control grid, thereby improving the overall reliability of the electron gun for the dual-grid traveling wave tube. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a shadow grid according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a shadow grid according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of a control gate according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a control gate according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figure are as follows:

[0026] 1. Cathode;

[0027] 2. Anode;

[0028] 3. Shadow grid;

[0029] 31. First through hole;

[0030] 32. First grid wire;

[0031] 33. Third through hole;

[0032] 4. Control gate;

[0033] 41. Second through hole;

[0034] 42. Second grid wire;

[0035] 43. Fourth through hole;

[0036] 5. First cylinder;

[0037] 6. Second cylinder;

[0038] 61. Body part;

[0039] 62. Protruding part;

[0040] 63. The fourth cylinder;

[0041] 7. The third cylinder;

[0042] 71. Main body;

[0043] 72. Flange portion;

[0044] 73. Connecting part;

[0045] 8. Shell;

[0046] 81. Power Supply Department;

[0047] 82. Insulation section. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present invention for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present invention.

[0049] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0050] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0051] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C," the expression should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include, but is not limited to, systems having A alone, having B alone, having C alone, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.). When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C," the expression should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include, but is not limited to, systems having A alone, having B alone, having C alone, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.).

[0052] To address the issue of increased grid structure temperature caused by intercepted current, this invention provides an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube. Electrons escape from the cathode upon heating, and an electric field is formed between the anode and cathode to accelerate the escaped electrons. A shadow grid is positioned between the cathode and anode, and a first through-hole and multiple first grid wires are formed on the shadow grid. This allows some electrons to escape between the first through-hole and two adjacent first grid wires, forming multiple electron beams under the influence of the electric field. A control grid is positioned between the shadow grid and the anode, and controls the conduction or cutoff of the multiple electron beams by adjusting an external voltage. A second through-hole and multiple second grid wires are formed on the control grid. The projection surfaces of the multiple second grid wires on the plane containing the first through-hole coincide with the projections of the multiple first grid wires, allowing the multiple electron beams to pass through between the second through-hole and two adjacent second grid wires. A preset distance of 0.403 mm is maintained between the shadow grid and the control grid to reduce electron interception by the control grid, thus improving the overall reliability of the electron gun for the dual-grid traveling wave tube.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] An electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model, is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube includes a cathode 1, an anode 2, a shadow grid 3, and a control grid 4. The cathode 1 is configured to emit electrons when heated. An electric field is formed between the anode 2 and the cathode 1 to accelerate the emitted electrons. The shadow grid 3 is disposed between the cathode 1 and the anode 2, and a first through-hole 31 and a plurality of first grid wires 32 are formed on the shadow grid 3, so that some electrons escape through the first through-hole 31 and between two adjacent first grid wires 32, and form multiple electron beams under the action of the electric field. The control gate 4 is disposed between the shadow gate 3 and the anode 2. The control gate 4 is configured to control the conduction or cutoff of multiple electron beams by adjusting the voltage from the outside. The control gate 4 has a second through hole 41 and multiple second gate wires 42. The projection surfaces of the multiple second gate wires 42 on the plane where the first through hole 31 is located coincide with the projections of the multiple first gate wires 32, so that multiple electron beams pass through the second through hole 41 and the two adjacent second gate wires 42. The shadow gate 3 and the control gate 4 have a preset distance to reduce the interception of electrons by the control gate 4. The preset distance is 0.403mm.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the cathode 1 is coated with an oxide material that readily emits electrons. These materials have a low work function and can release electrons at a low temperature. The cathode 1 is equipped with a filament. When the filament is energized, it heats the cathode 1, causing the cathode 1 to reach a temperature suitable for emitting electrons.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an electric field is formed between the anode 2 and the cathode 1 to accelerate the emitted electrons. A shadow grid 4 is disposed between the cathode 1 and the anode 2. A first through hole 31 and a plurality of first grid wires 32 are formed on the shadow grid 3, so that some electrons escape from the first through hole 31 and between two adjacent first grid wires 32, and form a plurality of electron beams under the action of the electric field. The control grid 4 is disposed between the shadow grid 3 and the anode 2. The control grid 4 controls the conduction or cutoff of multiple electron beams by adjusting the voltage from the outside. The control grid 4 has a second through hole 41 and multiple second grid wires 42. The projection surfaces of the multiple second grid wires 42 on the plane where the first through hole 31 is located coincide with the projection of the multiple first grid wires 32 with the extension line of the center of the first through hole 31 as the projection direction. The multiple second grid wires 42 are completely aligned with the multiple first grid wires 32, so that multiple electron beams pass through the second through hole 41 and the two adjacent second grid wires 42. There is a preset distance between the shadow grid 3 and the control grid 4 to reduce the interception of electrons by the control grid 4. The preset distance is 0.403mm, which improves the overall reliability of the electron gun for the dual-grid traveling wave tube.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the electron gun for the dual-grid traveling wave tube also includes a first cylinder 5, a second cylinder 6, and a third cylinder 7. The first cylinder 5 is sleeved on the outside of the cathode 1, and the cathode 1 is installed at one end of the first cylinder 5. The second cylinder 6 is sleeved on the outside of the first cylinder 5, and the shadow grid 3 is installed at the end of the second cylinder 6 near the cathode 1. The third cylinder 7 is sleeved on the outside of the second cylinder 6, and the control grid 4 is installed at the end of the third cylinder 7 near the shadow grid 3.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode 1 is installed at one end of the first cylinder 5, and the other end of the first cylinder 5 is electrically connected to a power supply unit 81 of the housing 8 (the power supply unit 81 of the housing 8 is described in detail below). The power supply unit 81 of the housing 8 supplies power to the cathode 1 through the first cylinder 5 via an external power supply device.

[0060] In one illustrative embodiment, the voltage of cathode 1 is, for example, -8000V. The voltage of anode 2 is 0V.

[0061] In one illustrative embodiment, the cathode 1 and one end of the first cylinder 5 can be connected by welding, so that the cathode 1 and the first cylinder 5 become a whole.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second cylindrical body 6 includes a main body 61, a protrusion 62, and a fourth cylindrical body 63. The protrusion 62 extends radially outward from one end of the main body 61 to support the edge of the shadow grid 3. The fourth cylindrical body 63 extends radially outward from the other end of the main body 61. The fourth cylindrical body 63 is coaxial with the main body 61 of the second cylindrical body 6 to facilitate electrical connection with a power supply unit 81 of the housing 8 (the power supply unit 81 of the housing 8 is described in detail below). The power supply unit 81 of the housing 8 supplies power to the shadow grid 3 via the second cylindrical body 6 through an external power supply device. The potential of the shadow grid 3 is the same as that of the cathode 1.

[0063] In one illustrative embodiment, the voltage of the shadow grid 3 is, for example, -8000V.

[0064] In one illustrative embodiment, the edge of the shadow grid 3 and the protrusion 62 can be connected by welding, so that the edge of the shadow grid 3 and the protrusion 62 become a whole.

[0065] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a shadow grid according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a shadow grid according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the edge thickness of the shadow grid 3 is 0.06 mm. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the shadow grid 3 uses the plane where the first through hole 31 is located as the projection plane, and the orthographic projection of the extension line of the center of the first through hole 31 as the projection direction is a circle with a diameter of 6.78mm~6.82mm.

[0067] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electron gun for the dual-grid traveling wave tube also includes a housing 8, which is sleeved on the outside of the third cylinder 7. The housing 8 includes multiple power supply sections 81 and multiple insulating sections 82. The multiple power supply sections 81 and multiple insulating sections 82 are alternately arranged, and the multiple power supply sections 81 supply power to the cathode 1, the shadow grid 3 and the control grid 4 through the first cylinder 5, the second cylinder 6 and the third cylinder 7 respectively via external power supply equipment.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating part 82 is made of an insulating material, such as ceramic.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the housing 8 is provided with multiple power supply units 81 and multiple insulation units 82 arranged alternately. The cathode 1 is electrically connected to different power supply units 81 through the first cylinder 5, the shadow grid 3 through the second cylinder 6, and the control grid 4 through the third cylinder 7, which can meet the different power supply requirements of the cathode 1, the shadow grid 3 and the control grid 4.

[0070] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the third cylindrical body 7 includes a main body 71, a flange 72, and a connecting portion 73. An opening is formed on the main body 71 to allow multiple electron beams to pass through. The flange 72 protrudes radially outward along the main body 71 to connect with the edge of the control gate 4. One end of the connecting portion 73 is connected to the flange 72, and the other end of the connecting portion 73 is electrically connected to a power supply portion 81 of the housing 8. The connecting portion 73 is configured to supply power to the control gate 4 via a power supply device.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the opening formed on the main body 71 faces the anode 2, so that multiple electron beams are directed toward the anode 2 through the opening, and the multiple electron beams can be accelerated under the action of the anode 2.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the flange portion 72 of the third cylinder 7 supports the edge of the control grid 4, and the radius of the connecting portion 73 gradually increases in the direction away from the flange portion 72 so as to facilitate electrical connection with a power supply portion 81 of the housing 8 (the power supply portion 81 electrically connected to the connecting portion 73 is different from the power supply portion 81 electrically connected to the cathode 1 and the shadow grid 3). The power supply portion 81 of the housing 8 supplies power to the control grid 4 through the connecting portion 73 via an external power supply device.

[0073] In one illustrative embodiment, the voltage of control gate 4 is, for example, -8210V.

[0074] According to an embodiment of this invention, the voltage of control gate 4 is -8210V to control the multiple electron beams to be cut off. The voltage of control gate 4 is -7745V to control the multiple electron beams to be turned on. By fine-tuning the voltage of control gate 4, the multiple electron beams can be turned on or off.

[0075] In one illustrative embodiment, the edge of the control gate 4 and the flange 72 can be connected by welding, so that the edge of the control gate 4 and the flange 72 become a whole.

[0076] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of a control gate according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a control gate according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the edge thickness of the control gate 4 is 0.06 mm. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the control grid 4 uses the plane where the first through hole 31 is located as the projection plane, and the orthographic projection of the extension line of the center of the first through hole 31 as the projection direction is a circle with a diameter of 9.55mm~9.58mm.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the shadow grid 3 protrudes toward the direction of the cathode 1, and the control grid 4 protrudes toward the direction of the shadow grid 3.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the shadow grid 3 protrudes towards the cathode 1, which can block some electrons from escaping from the surface of the cathode 1, allowing other electrons to escape between the first through hole 31 and the two adjacent first grid wires 32, thereby reducing the current intercepted by the control grid 4.

[0080] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the raised portion of the shadow grid 3 is projected onto the plane containing the first through hole 31, and its orthographic projection onto the extended line of the center of the first through hole 31 is a circle with a diameter of 4.8 mm. The raised portion of the shadow grid 3 is constructed as a first arc shape with a radius of 5.55 mm to 5.61 mm.

[0081] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the protruding part of the control gate 4 is projected onto the plane containing the first through hole 31, and the orthographic projection of the extended line of the center of the first through hole 31 is a circle with a diameter of 7.6mm to 7.62mm. The protruding part of the control gate 4 is constructed as a second arc shape with a radius of 5.15mm to 5.21mm.

[0082] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the distance between the shadow grid 3 and the cathode 1 is 0.097 mm.

[0083] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second through hole 41 uses the plane where the first through hole 31 is located as the projection plane and the extension line of the center of the first through hole 31 as the projection direction, and coincides with the projection of the first through hole 31, so that the electron beam from the first through hole 31 passes through the second through hole 41.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second through hole 41 is projected to coincide with the first through hole 31 and faces the cathode 1, so that the electron beam from the first through hole 31 passes through the second through hole 41, and the center of the first through hole 31, the center of the second through hole 41 and the center of the cathode 1 are located on the same extension line.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the first through hole 31 is 1.4 mm, and the outer diameter of the first through hole 31 is 1.56 mm. The inner diameter of the second through hole 41 is 1.32 mm, and the outer diameter of the second through hole 41 is 1.46 mm.

[0086] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, multiple first grid wires 32 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first through hole 31, and a third through hole 33 is formed between two adjacent first grid wires 32. Figure 6 As shown, multiple second grid wires 42 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the second through-hole 41, and a fourth through-hole 43 is formed between two adjacent second grid wires 42. The multiple fourth through-holes 43 are projected onto the plane where the first through-hole 31 is located, and the extension line of the center of the first through-hole 31 is the projection direction. They are respectively projected onto the multiple third through-holes 33, so that multiple electron beams from the multiple third through-holes 33 pass through the multiple fourth through-holes 43.

[0087] In one illustrative embodiment, the first grid wire 32 can be 8 wires, and the second grid wire 42 can be 8 wires.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first grid wire 32 and the second grid wire 42 is reduced, which can effectively reduce electron interception.

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the circle formed by the plurality of first grid wires 32 is 4 mm. The diameter of the circle formed by the plurality of second grid wires 42 is 3.72 mm.

[0090] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the width of each first grid wire 32 is 0.07mm~0.09mm, and the width of each second grid wire 42 is 0.06mm~0.08mm.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, reducing the width of the first gate wire 32 and the second gate wire 42 can further reduce the current intercepted by the control gate 4.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the included angle between two adjacent first grid wires 32 is 45°, and the included angle between two adjacent second grid wires 42 is 45°.

[0093] The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube provided according to the embodiments of this utility model has been installed and verified in Ku-band pulse traveling wave tube products, and all performance indicators have met the expected requirements. The product control voltage is less than 300V; if an anode control method is used, the control voltage is at least 4 kV. The voltage of the shadow grid 3 and cathode 1 is the same, with no interception current. The control grid 4 has a similar structure and no interception current. Furthermore, the electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube provided by the embodiments of this utility model has passed aerospace-grade mechanical and thermal testing conditions, demonstrating high reliability.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this utility model can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this utility model. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this utility model can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this utility model. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this utility model.

[0095] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted where they may cause confusion in understanding this utility model, and the shapes and dimensions of the components in the drawings do not reflect actual size and proportion, but only illustrate the content of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0096] Unless otherwise stated, the numerical parameters in this specification and the appended claims are approximate values ​​and can be changed according to the desired characteristics obtained from the content of this utility model. Specifically, all figures used in the specification and claims to indicate the content of composition, reaction conditions, etc., should be understood to be modified by the term "about" in all cases. Generally, this means that there may be variations of ±10% in some embodiments, ±5% in some embodiments, ±1% in some embodiments, and ±0.5% in some embodiments.

[0097] The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification and claims to modify the corresponding elements does not imply that the element has any ordinal number, nor does it represent the order of one element with another element, or the order of manufacturing methods. The use of these ordinal numbers is only to enable a named element to be clearly distinguished from another element with the same name.

[0098] Furthermore, unless specifically described or required to occur in a specific order, the order of the above steps is not limited to those listed above and can be varied or rearranged according to the desired design. Moreover, the above embodiments can be used in combination with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations; that is, technical features from different embodiments can be freely combined to form more embodiments.

[0099] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube, characterized in that, include: The cathode is configured to release electrons when heated; An electric field is formed between the anode and the cathode to accelerate the escaping electrons; A shadow grid is disposed between the cathode and the anode. A first through hole and a plurality of first grid wires are formed on the shadow grid, so that some of the electrons escape through the first through hole and between two adjacent first grid wires and form a plurality of electron beams under the action of the electric field. A control gate, disposed between the shadow gate and the anode, is configured to control the conduction or cutoff of multiple electron beams by adjusting an external voltage. The control gate has a second through-hole and multiple second grid wires. The projection surfaces of the multiple second grid wires on the plane where the first through-hole is located coincide with the projections of the multiple first grid wires, so that the multiple electron beams pass through the second through-hole and between two adjacent second grid wires. The shadow gate and the control gate have a preset distance to reduce the interception of electrons by the control gate. The preset distance is 0.403 mm.

2. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A first cylindrical body is sleeved on the outside of the cathode, and the cathode is installed at one end of the first cylindrical body; The second cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the first cylinder, and the shadow grid is installed on the end of the second cylinder near the cathode; The third cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the second cylinder, and the control grid is installed on the end of the third cylinder near the shadow grid.

3. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A housing, sleeved on the outside of the third cylinder, the housing comprising: Multiple power supply units and multiple insulation units are arranged alternately, and the multiple power supply units supply power to the cathode, the shadow grid and the control grid through the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder respectively via external power supply equipment.

4. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third cylinder includes: The main body has an opening formed thereon to allow the multiple electron beams to pass through; A flange portion protrudes radially outward along the main body portion to connect with the edge of the control gate; A connecting portion, one end of which is connected to the flange portion, and the other end of which is electrically connected to a power supply portion of the housing, wherein the connecting portion is configured to supply power to the control gate via the power supply device.

5. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shadow grid protrudes toward the direction of the cathode, and the control grid protrudes toward the direction of the shadow grid.

6. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the shadow grid and the cathode is 0.097 mm.

7. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second through hole uses the plane where the first through hole is located as the projection plane and the extension line of the center of the first through hole as the projection direction, and coincides with the projection of the first through hole, so that the electron beam from the first through hole passes through the second through hole.

8. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple first grid wires are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first through hole, and a third through hole is formed between two adjacent first grid wires; Multiple second grid wires are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the second through hole, and a fourth through hole is formed between two adjacent second grid wires; The plurality of fourth through holes take the plane where the first through hole is located as the projection plane and the extension line of the center of the first through hole as the projection direction, respectively coinciding with the projection of the plurality of third through holes, so that the plurality of electron beams from the plurality of third through holes pass through the plurality of fourth through holes respectively.

9. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling wave tube according to claim 8, characterized in that, The width of each first grid wire is 0.07mm to 0.09mm, and the width of each second grid wire is 0.06mm to 0.08mm.

10. The electron gun for a dual-grid traveling-wave tube according to claim 8, characterized in that, The included angle between two adjacent first grid wires is 45°, and the included angle between two adjacent second grid wires is 45°.

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