Battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The application provides a battery pack and an electric device, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The battery pack comprises a box body, at least one battery pack and a fire-fighting spray pipe. The at least one battery pack is arranged in the box body, the battery pack comprises a plurality of battery monomers arranged along a first direction, and each battery monomer is provided with a pressure relief structure at one end in a second direction. The fire-fighting spray pipe is arranged in the box body, the fire-fighting spray pipe is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and the nozzles are arranged on the side of the pressure relief structure away from the bottom of the box body in a third direction. The pressure relief structure is closer to the bottom of the box body than the fire-fighting spray pipe, and each nozzle is arranged towards the pressure relief structure. In this way, fine fire-fighting control can be achieved, and the extinguishing agent can directly act on the surrounding area of the pressure relief structure that may fail, thereby reducing the risk of fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] A battery pack is an integrated unit composed of multiple battery modules, used to store and provide electrical energy. It is a higher-level component in a battery system, typically consisting of several battery modules, connectors, a Battery Management System (BMS), a cooling system, electrical interfaces, and a housing. The primary function of a battery pack is to integrate multiple battery modules into a single unit. Battery modules are connected in parallel or series to increase the voltage, capacity, or power of the battery system. The battery pack also provides other functions and characteristics required by the battery system, such as electrical interfaces for connecting to external systems, a cooling system for temperature control, a housing for protecting the batteries, and other auxiliary equipment and components.

[0003] Batteries generate heat during charging and discharging, especially during high-current discharge or charging. If an internal malfunction or abnormality occurs within the battery, such as a short circuit, overcharge, or over-discharge, the battery temperature may rise sharply, leading to thermal runaway. In the absence of self-blocking mechanisms, this situation can spiral out of control and potentially cause a fire or explosion. Internal thermal runaway not only damages the battery itself but can also pose a danger to the surrounding environment and people. In such a scenario, the battery pack may leak hazardous chemicals, release toxic gases, or release harmful gases and sparks in a fire, threatening personal safety. Thermal runaway can also damage electronic equipment and systems surrounding the battery pack, as the high temperatures and fire can damage nearby equipment and even trigger a chain reaction. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery pack and an electrical device to solve the technical problem of thermal runaway in battery packs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a battery pack is provided, comprising:

[0006] The box has a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction that intersect each other in pairs;

[0007] At least one battery pack is disposed in the housing, the battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells arranged along a first direction, and each battery cell is provided with a pressure relief structure at one end in a second direction.

[0008] The fire sprinkler pipe is installed inside the box. The fire sprinkler pipe is equipped with multiple nozzles and is positioned on the side of the pressure relief structure away from the bottom of the box, facing upwards. The pressure relief structure is closer to the bottom of the box than the fire sprinkler pipe, and each nozzle is oriented towards the pressure relief structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, multiple battery packs are arranged along a second direction, and fire sprinkler pipes are disposed in the second direction between the pressure relief structures of two adjacent battery packs.

[0010] In some embodiments, multiple battery packs are arranged along a third direction, and each battery pack is provided with a fire sprinkler pipe in the third direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, multiple battery packs are arranged along a second direction, and fire sprinkler pipes are disposed in the second direction between the pressure relief structures of two adjacent battery packs.

[0012] In some embodiments, each fire sprinkler pipe is provided with multiple nozzles on at least one side in the second direction, and each nozzle is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the pressure relief structure of a battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fire sprinkler pipe has a connecting hole extending in a second direction, and the nozzle passes through the connecting hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, each fire sprinkler pipe is provided with a valve body, which independently controls the fire sprinkler pipe.

[0015] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a bracket disposed within the housing, and the fire sprinkler pipe is fixed to the bracket.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes:

[0017] Fire-fighting equipment is installed outside the enclosure;

[0018] The sprinkler head connector has one end connected to the end of the fire sprinkler pipe in the first direction and the other end connected to the fire-fighting device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the extinguishing agent in the fire-fighting device is perfluorohexanone or heptafluoropropane.

[0020] According to a second aspect of this application, an electrical device is provided, including the aforementioned battery pack, wherein the battery pack supplies power to the electrical device.

[0021] The technical advantage of this application is that it provides a battery pack and electrical device, with a fire sprinkler pipe installed above the individual battery cells, and the nozzles on the fire sprinkler pipe facing the pressure relief structure. This enables highly precise fire control and ensures that the extinguishing agent can directly act on the area surrounding the pressure relief structure that may malfunction, thereby reducing the risk of fire.

[0022] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fire sprinkler pipe provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fire sprinkler pipe structure provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple battery packs stacked upwards in a third-party manner, as provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple battery packs arranged at intervals in the second direction according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure provided in the embodiments of this application, showing multiple battery packs arranged at intervals in the second direction and stacked in the third direction.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 10-Box body; 11-Bottom plate; 12-Front panel;

[0035] 20-Battery pack; 21-Battery cell; 22-Pressure relief structure; 23-Pressure relief hole; 24-Explosion-proof hole; 221-Pressure relief valve; 222-Explosion-proof valve; 211-Housing; 212-Electrode assembly; 213-Cover plate;

[0036] 30-Fire sprinkler pipe; 31-Nozzle; 32-Valve body; 33-Connection hole;

[0037] 40 - Firefighting equipment; 50 - Sprinkler head connector;

[0038] 60-Staff;

[0039] X - Second direction; Y - First direction; Z - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0041] In related technologies, a composite detector is typically installed inside the battery pack. After the composite detector issues an alarm signal, fire extinguishing agent is usually delivered into the battery pack via gas pipelines and atomizing nozzles to extinguish open flames and prevent the spread of thermal runaway. However, because the furthest battery cell inside the battery pack is a certain distance from the nozzle, the fire extinguishing agent cannot be accurately released to the pressure relief structure of the thermal runaway battery cell, thus failing to achieve precise fire extinguishing.

[0042] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a battery pack comprising a housing, at least one battery pack, and a fire sprinkler pipe. The at least one battery pack is disposed within the housing, and the battery pack includes multiple battery cells arranged along a first direction. Each battery cell has a pressure relief structure at one end in a second direction. The fire sprinkler pipe is disposed within the housing and has multiple nozzles, each nozzle facing the pressure relief structure and positioned above the pressure relief structure in a third direction, enabling rapid fire extinguishing in the event of thermal runaway of a battery cell. Furthermore, the nozzles facing the pressure relief structure allow for highly precise fire control, ensuring that the extinguishing agent directly acts on the area surrounding the potentially malfunctioning pressure relief structure, reducing the risk of fire. A detailed description follows with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a battery pack, including a housing 10, at least one battery pack 20, and a fire sprinkler pipe 30.

[0044] The housing 10 has a first direction Y, a second direction X, and a third direction Z that intersect each other and are perpendicular to each other. Figure 1 (Not shown). The housing 10 includes a base plate 11 and a plurality of surrounding plates 12, which surround the outer periphery of the base plate 11 and cooperate with each other to form a cavity.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 At least one battery pack 20 is disposed within the housing 10. The battery pack 20 includes multiple battery cells 21 arranged along a first direction Y. Each battery cell 21 has a pressure relief structure 22 at one end in a second direction X. It is understood that the battery cell 21 includes a housing 211, an electrode assembly 212, and a cover plate 213. The housing 211 has a receiving cavity and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity. The electrode assembly 212 is disposed in the receiving cavity of the housing 211. The cover plate 213 covers the opening of the housing 211 to form a sealed housing 211 structure. The cover plate 213 has a pressure relief hole 23 and an explosion-proof hole 24 for housing the pressure relief structure 22. The pressure relief structure 22 may include a pressure relief valve 221 and an explosion-proof valve 222. The pressure relief valve 221 is disposed within the pressure relief hole 23. The pressure relief valve 221 can automatically open to relieve pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell 21 exceeds a threshold and close after the pressure returns to normal. The explosion-proof valve 222 is installed inside the explosion-proof hole 24. The explosion-proof valve 222 can maximize the flow area of ​​the explosion-proof hole 24 after rupture (e.g., the diameter of the explosion-proof hole 24 is ≥ 20% of the width of the cover plate 213), ensuring rapid pressure relief.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The fire sprinkler pipe 30 is installed inside the housing 10. The fire sprinkler pipe 30 is equipped with multiple nozzles 31. The multiple nozzles 31 are arranged on the side of the pressure relief structure 22 away from the bottom of the housing 10 in the third direction Z. The pressure relief structure 22 is closer to the bottom of the housing 10 than the fire sprinkler pipe 30, and each nozzle 31 is arranged facing the pressure relief structure 22.

[0047] Understandably, each nozzle 31 is positioned toward the explosion-proof valve 222 of the pressure relief structure 22. This way, when a battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the extinguishing agent can be precisely aimed at the explosion-proof port 24, ensuring that the extinguishing agent can directly act on the area where the malfunction may occur, reducing the risk of fire, and can also interrupt the thermal runaway chain reaction.

[0048] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 Multiple battery packs 20 are arranged along the third direction Z. Each battery pack 20 is equipped with a fire sprinkler pipe 30 in the third direction Z. Thus, each battery pack 20 has a dedicated fire sprinkler pipe 30, and each fire sprinkler pipe 30 can be controlled individually as needed, so that fire extinguishing measures can be quickly activated when a fire occurs.

[0049] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 Multiple battery packs 20 are arranged along the second direction X, and fire sprinkler pipes 30 are positioned between the pressure relief structures 22 of adjacent battery packs 20 in the second direction X. When the pressure relief valve 221 / explosion-proof valve 222 is activated, the high-temperature gas and ejected material typically form a certain diffusion angle (approximately 60°–90°). The fire sprinkler pipes 30, positioned between the pressure relief structures 22 of adjacent battery packs 20, can simultaneously cover the jet streams in both directions, avoiding the blind spots of traditional unidirectional sprinklers.

[0050] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The fire sprinkler pipe 30 has multiple nozzles 31 on both sides in the second direction X. Each nozzle 31 is oriented towards the corresponding pressure relief structure 22, and each nozzle 31 is positioned above the pressure relief structure 22 in the third direction Z. When the pressure relief valve 221 / explosion-proof valve 222 is activated, high-temperature gas (up to 800°C or higher) and electrolyte spray will be ejected vertically from the pressure relief hole 23 (in the second direction X). The nozzles 31 are aligned with the spray path to achieve immediate flame suppression and chemical reaction blocking.

[0051] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 Multiple nozzles 31 are arranged in an array to ensure coverage of the potential spray range of all pressure relief structures 22 (spray cone angle typically ≥60°), avoiding blind spots caused by individual unit position deviations. One nozzle 31 corresponds one-to-one with the pressure relief structure 22 of one battery cell 21. It can be understood that the number of nozzles 31 is equal to the number of battery cells 21, with a nozzle 31 positioned above each battery cell 21. This 1:1 correspondence between the number of nozzles 31 and battery cells 21 enables highly precise fire control. When a battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, only the corresponding nozzle 31 is activated (linked via temperature / pressure sensors), precisely aligning with the pressure relief structure 22, preventing waste of extinguishing agent in unrelated areas (traditional full-area sprinkler systems can reduce extinguishing agent consumption by more than 70%), and interrupting the thermal runaway chain reaction. Adjacent nozzles 31 can have a 30% overlap coverage area, ensuring a backup extinguishing path even if one nozzle 31 becomes blocked.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 Two battery packs 20 are spaced apart in the second direction X, and the pressure relief structures 22 of the two battery packs 20 are arranged adjacent to each other. This adjacent arrangement of pressure relief structures 22 allows the nozzles 31 of the fire sprinkler pipe 30 to simultaneously cover the critical pressure relief areas of the two battery packs 20, ensuring that the extinguishing agent can quickly act on the areas where malfunctions may occur, thereby improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0053] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 6 The fire sprinkler pipe 30 is located between the two battery packs 20. The fire sprinkler pipe 30 has multiple nozzles 31 on both sides in the second direction X, and the nozzles 31 on each side are directed toward the pressure relief structure 22 of the corresponding battery pack 20.

[0054] Understandably, each nozzle 31 is configured to correspond to a pressure relief structure 22. Therefore, by configuring multiple nozzles 31 on both sides of the fire sprinkler pipe 30, the pressure relief structures 22 of two adjacent battery packs 20 can be covered simultaneously. This bidirectional coverage ensures that the extinguishing agent can quickly act on the critical areas of the two battery packs 20, improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0055] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 The fire sprinkler pipe 30 has a connecting hole 33 that extends through in the second direction X. The nozzle 31 passes through the connecting hole 33, thereby connecting the nozzle 31 to the fire sprinkler pipe 30. In this way, if there is a problem (such as blockage or damage) at the connection point between one of the nozzles 31 and the fire sprinkler pipe 30, the nozzle 31 at that connection point can be replaced without replacing the entire fire sprinkler pipe 30.

[0056] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 Multiple battery packs 20 are arranged along a third direction Z, and each battery pack 20 is provided with a corresponding fire sprinkler pipe 30 in the third direction Z. Multiple battery packs 20 are arranged along a second direction X, and the fire sprinkler pipe 30 is located between the pressure relief structures 22 of two adjacent battery packs 20 in the second direction X.

[0057] Understandably, multiple battery packs 20 are arranged along the second direction X and the third direction Z. A fire sprinkler pipe 30 is installed between every two adjacent battery packs 20 on each floor, and the nozzles 31 on each fire sprinkler pipe 30 are positioned towards the corresponding pressure relief structure 22. This arrangement of multiple battery packs 20 helps optimize the space utilization of the enclosure 10. Furthermore, the presence of fire sprinkler pipes 30 between adjacent battery packs 20 on each floor provides hierarchical protection, ensuring that each battery pack 20 receives effective fire coverage, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and reliability of the fire protection system.

[0058] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 The battery pack also includes a fire-fighting device 40 and a sprinkler head connector 50.

[0059] The fire-fighting device 40 is installed outside the housing 10; one end of the sprinkler head connector 50 is connected to the end of the fire sprinkler pipe 30 in the first direction Y, and the other end is connected to the fire-fighting device 40. By directly connecting the sprinkler head connector 50 to the fire-fighting device 40, the water spray coverage area can be adjusted or changed more quickly and easily to meet the needs of different situations. In addition, installing the fire-fighting device 40 outside the housing 10 facilitates the addition or replacement of extinguishing agent at any time.

[0060] In some embodiments, the extinguishing agent within the fire-fighting device 40 is perfluorohexanone or heptafluoropropane. Both perfluorohexanone and heptafluoropropane are environmentally friendly chemicals with zero ODP (ozone depletion potential) and low GWP (global warming potential) in the atmosphere, and therefore do not damage the atmospheric ozone layer. This means that they do not produce greenhouse gases like halogenated hydrocarbons that could potentially damage the atmospheric ozone layer during fire extinguishing.

[0061] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 Each fire sprinkler pipe 30 is equipped with a valve body 32, which independently controls the fire sprinkler pipe 30. Each valve body 32 allows for individual on / off operation of a specific fire sprinkler pipe 30. In this way, when a certain battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the fire sprinkler pipe 30 corresponding to that thermal runaway battery cell 21 can be controlled individually to cool down the thermal runaway battery cell 21, thereby extinguishing the open flame and preventing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0062] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 The battery pack also includes a bracket 60, which is disposed inside the housing 10, and the fire sprinkler pipe 30 is fixed on the bracket 60.

[0063] Understandably, the bracket 60 provides sturdy support and a fixed position for the fire sprinkler pipe 30, so that the nozzle 31 is positioned higher than the pressure relief structure 22. This ensures that the extinguishing agent can directly act on the area around the pressure relief structure 22, reducing the risk of fire.

[0064] This application also provides an electrical device, including the aforementioned battery pack, which supplies power to the electrical device. The electrical device may include, but is not limited to, mobile devices (e.g., mobile phones, laptops), electric vehicles (e.g., pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf carts, electric trucks), electric trains, ships and satellites, energy storage systems, etc.

[0065] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0066] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0067] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0068] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The enclosure has a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction that intersect each other in pairs; At least one battery pack is disposed in the housing, the battery pack comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged along the first direction, each battery cell having a pressure relief structure at one end in the second direction; A fire sprinkler pipe is installed inside the box. The fire sprinkler pipe is equipped with multiple nozzles and is positioned on the side of the pressure relief structure away from the bottom of the box, facing upwards. The pressure relief structure is closer to the bottom of the box than the fire sprinkler pipe, and each nozzle is oriented towards the pressure relief structure.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of battery packs are arranged along the second direction, and the fire sprinkler pipe is disposed in the second direction between the pressure relief structures of two adjacent battery packs.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple battery packs are arranged along the third direction, and each battery pack is provided with a fire sprinkler pipe in the third direction.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the fire sprinkler pipes is provided with a plurality of nozzles on at least one side in the second direction, and each nozzle is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the pressure relief structure of a battery cell.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire sprinkler pipe has a connecting hole that extends through the second direction, and the nozzle passes through the connecting hole.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the fire sprinkler pipes is equipped with a valve body, which independently controls the fire sprinkler pipe.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A bracket is installed inside the box, and the fire sprinkler pipe is fixed to the bracket.

8. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Fire-fighting equipment is installed outside the enclosure; A nozzle connector, one end of which is connected to the end of the fire sprinkler pipe in the first direction, and the other end of which is connected to the fire-fighting device.

9. An electrical device, characterized in that, The device includes a battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the battery pack supplies power to the electrical device.

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