A spraying device for inhibiting thermal runaway of an energy storage battery box

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage battery box, concretely is a kind of energy storage battery box restrains and sprays device for heat runaway, including battery box, still including lid, spraying mechanism, shake and fall mechanism and battery pack, lid is hinged in the surface of battery box by hinge, the inner chamber bottom of battery box is fixed with multiple groups of support strip, battery pack is placed on the support strip inside battery box, spraying mechanism is installed between battery box and battery pack, can quickly export the heat inside battery to surface, avoid the performance attenuation caused by battery long-term in high temperature environment, prolong battery cycle life, for local overheating or fan heat dissipation insufficient scene, trigger two gears to start spraying system, from passive temperature control upgrade active cooling, accurate response to the high-risk state close to heat runaway, fill the protection blank of single heat dissipation mode, even when battery high load work, temperature can be maintained in safety interval, guarantee battery output performance stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage battery box technology, specifically to a spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in energy storage battery boxes. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, energy storage battery boxes, as core equipment for energy storage and supply, are widely used in new energy vehicles, energy storage power stations, communication base stations and other fields. However, during long-term high-load operation, the battery pack will continuously generate heat. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will easily lead to abnormal rise in battery temperature, which will not only cause battery performance degradation and shorten cycle life, but may also cause thermal runaway, or even fire, explosion and other safety accidents. Therefore, thermal management and thermal runaway suppression of battery boxes have become core issues of concern in the industry.

[0003] Existing spray devices for suppressing thermal runaway in energy storage battery boxes have the following shortcomings: 1. Traditional energy storage battery box heat dissipation solutions mostly adopt a single heat dissipation method, relying solely on heat dissipation fins for passive heat dissipation, or solely on cooling fans for active heat dissipation. A single heat dissipation method has obvious limitations and is difficult to cope with the large amount of heat generated when the battery is under high load. When the battery overheats locally or the cooling capacity of the fan decreases after long-term operation, it is still impossible to effectively control the temperature rise, which can easily lead to a vicious cycle of insufficient heat dissipation leading to an increased risk of thermal runaway.

[0004] 2. Dust filters are usually installed on the outside of the cooling fan. However, dust can easily accumulate on the surface of the dust filter during long-term use. If it is not cleaned in time, it will cause the mesh to become clogged, which will significantly reduce the air intake efficiency of the fan. The traditional method of cleaning the dust filter requires manual disassembly of the bolts and removal of the filter for cleaning. This is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also requires interruption of the normal operation of the battery box, which affects the stability of the energy supply. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in energy storage battery boxes.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box is provided, including a battery box body, a box cover, a spray mechanism, a shaking mechanism, and a battery pack. The box cover is hinged to the surface of the battery box body. Multiple sets of support strips are fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the battery box body. The battery pack is placed on the support strips inside the battery box body. The spray mechanism is installed between the battery box body and the battery pack. The spray mechanism includes a spray tank, heat dissipation fins, a heat dissipation fan, and spray pipes. The spray tank is fixed to the back side of the surface of the battery box body. A serpentine arrangement of spray pipes is fixed inside the box cover. The surface of the spray pipes is open. The battery pack is equipped with several sets of equally spaced conical spray holes. The heat dissipation fins are fixed around the battery pack. The cooling fan is fixed around the surface of the battery box and faces one side of the heat dissipation fins. The shaking mechanism is installed between the cooling fan and the battery box. The shaking mechanism includes a fixed frame, a flipping frame, a flipping rod and a hammer. The fixed frame is fixed inside the battery box. The flipping rod is rotatably connected inside the fixed frame. The flipping frame has a V-shaped structure and is fixed to the surface of the flipping rod. The hammer is fixed to one end of the flipping frame. The battery box has a clearance groove that matches the hammer.

[0007] Preferably, the spraying mechanism also includes a thermal expansion tube and a multi-position switch. The thermal expansion tube is fitted and fixed inside the heat dissipation fins. The thermal expansion tube consists of an expansion tube cylinder and a piston push rod. The expansion tube cylinder is filled with a low-boiling-point expansion medium, heat transfer oil. The multi-position switch is fixed between the battery box and the piston push rod of the thermal expansion tube.

[0008] Preferably, a spray head is fixed to the top of the spray tank, the end of the spray head is connected to the end of the spray pipe, an electric control valve is fixed to the surface of the spray head, and multiple switches are electrically connected to the cooling fan and the electric control valve.

[0009] Preferably, the spray direction of the spray hole is facing the top surface of the battery pack, and a dust cover is provided on the outside of the cooling fan. The dust cover is fixed to the surface of the battery box by bolts, and the hammer is facing the surface of the dust cover on the outside of the cooling fan.

[0010] Preferably, the shaking mechanism further includes a drive shaft, a first bevel gear pair, and a second bevel gear pair. The drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the battery box via a bearing bracket. The first bevel gear pair is installed between the drive shaft and the output shaft end of the cooling fan. The first bevel gear pair consists of two meshing bevel gears, one of which is fixed to one end of the drive shaft, and the other is fixed to the output shaft end of the cooling fan.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed frame is internally rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and a second bevel gear pair is installed between the rotating shaft and the transmission shaft. The second bevel gear pair consists of two meshing bevel gears, one of which is fixed at the end of the transmission shaft away from the first bevel gear pair, and the other bevel gear is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a cam is fixed to the surface of the rotating shaft. The cam is snail-shaped and fits against the surface of the flipping frame.

[0013] Preferably, the striking end of the hammer is covered with a rubber cushioning pad, and the surface of the rubber cushioning pad is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model discloses a spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box. It directly triggers a multi-stage switch through piston rod displacement, eliminating the need for complex electronic sensors. This avoids sensing delays or misjudgments caused by electronic component failures, ensuring real-time capture of battery pack temperature changes. It reduces reliance on complex circuits and control systems, lowering the risk of device failure due to power outages, circuit malfunctions, etc. Even in extreme environments, temperature sensing and protective actions can be achieved through mechanical structures, improving the reliability of device operation and enabling rapid temperature control in a short time, thus gaining critical time to suppress thermal runaway.

[0015] 2. This utility model discloses a spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box. It can quickly conduct heat from inside the battery to the surface. After the cooling fan facing the fins is activated, it can directionally accelerate the airflow on the fin surface, forming a highly efficient cycle of rapid heat conduction and rapid evaporation. This achieves active heat dissipation to prevent overheating, avoids performance degradation caused by the battery being in a high-temperature environment for a long time, and extends the battery cycle life. In the case of local overheating or insufficient fan cooling, the spray system is activated at the second level, upgrading from passive temperature control to active cooling. It accurately responds to the high-risk state of near thermal runaway, filling the protection gap of single heat dissipation method. Even when the battery is working under high load, it can maintain the temperature within a safe range and ensure stable battery output performance.

[0016] 3. The spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to this utility model can automatically clean the dust cover of the cooling fan, replacing manual disassembly and cleaning. Traditional dust cover cleaning requires manual periodic removal of bolts and cleaning of the cover, which is cumbersome and requires interruption of device operation. The shaking mechanism can automatically complete the cleaning while the cooling fan is working, without manual intervention, which greatly reduces the frequency and operation time of manual maintenance, reduces the labor intensity of maintenance personnel, ensures that the dust on the surface of the dust cover is effectively shaken off, avoids dust clogging the mesh and reducing the air intake efficiency of the cooling fan, and ensures the cooling effect of the cooling system on the battery pack.

[0017] 4. The spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to this utility model uses the rotation of the cooling fan as the sole power source for the shaking mechanism, without the need for additional drive components. This avoids the energy consumption caused by the operation of additional power equipment, reduces the overall energy consumption and operating cost of the device, and only when the cooling fan is started does the shaking mechanism obtain power and carry out cleaning work. When the fan stops, the mechanism also stops operating, avoiding the wear of components caused by idling when there is no need. This ensures a precise match between the cleaning action and the risk of dust accumulation on the dustproof mesh cover, and extends the service life of the mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery box body of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling fan and the shaking mechanism of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cam and the striking hammer of this utility model; In the diagram: 1. Battery housing; 2. Housing cover; 3. Spraying mechanism; 4. Spray tank; 5. Heat dissipation fins; 6. Thermal expansion tube; 7. Multi-position switch; 8. Cooling fan; 9. Spray head; 10. Electronic control valve; 11. Spray pipe; 12. Spray hole; 13. Shaking mechanism; 14. Drive shaft; 15. Bevel gear pair one; 16. Bevel gear pair two; 17. Rotating shaft; 18. Fixing frame; 19. Cam; 20. Tilting frame; 21. Tilting rod; 22. Striking hammer; 23. Battery pack. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 6The diagram illustrates a spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box. It includes a battery box body 1, a box cover 2, a spray mechanism 3, a shaking mechanism 13, and a battery pack 23. The box cover 2 is hinged to the surface of the battery box body 1. Multiple sets of support strips are fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the battery box body 1. The battery pack 23 is placed on the support strips inside the battery box body 1. The spray mechanism 3 is installed between the battery box body 1 and the battery pack 23. The spray mechanism 3 includes a spray tank 4, heat dissipation fins 5, a cooling fan 8, and spray pipes 11. The spray tank 4 is fixed to the back side of the surface of the battery box body 1. A serpentine arrangement of spray pipes 11 is fixed inside the box cover 2, and several sets of spray pipes 11 are formed on their surface. The battery pack 23 has equidistant conical spray holes 12, heat dissipation fins 5 fixed around the battery pack 23, and a cooling fan 8 fixed around the surface of the battery box 1 and facing one side of the heat dissipation fins 5. A shaking mechanism 13 is installed between the cooling fan 8 and the battery box 1. The shaking mechanism 13 includes a fixed frame 18, a flipping frame 20, a flipping rod 21 and a hammer 22. The fixed frame 18 is fixed inside the battery box 1, the flipping rod 21 is rotatably connected inside the fixed frame 18, the flipping frame 20 has a V-shaped structure and is fixed on the surface of the flipping rod 21, and the hammer 22 is fixed at one end of the flipping frame 20. The battery box 1 has a clearance groove inside that is adapted to the hammer 22.

[0023] The spray mechanism 3 also includes a thermal expansion tube 6 and a multi-position switch 7. The thermal expansion tube 6 is fixedly attached to the inside of the heat dissipation fins 5. The thermal expansion tube 6 consists of an expansion tube cylinder and a piston rod, and the inside of the expansion tube cylinder is filled with a low-boiling-point expansion medium, heat-conducting oil. The multi-position switch 7 is fixed between the battery box 1 and the piston rod of the thermal expansion tube 6. The battery pack 23 is placed on the support strip at the bottom of the inner cavity of the battery box 1, and heat dissipation fins 5 are fixed around it to conduct the heat generated by the battery pack 23 in real time. The cooling fan 8 is fixed around the surface of the battery box 1 and faces the heat dissipation fins 5. A dustproof mesh cover with bolts is provided on the outside to prevent dust from entering and affecting heat dissipation. The thermal expansion tube 6 is fixedly attached to the inside of the heat dissipation fins 5 and is filled with a low-boiling-point expansion medium, heat-conducting oil. As a core component for temperature sensing, when the battery pack 23 is operating normally... During operation, the generated heat is conducted to the thermal expansion tube 6 through the heat dissipation fins 5. At this time, the temperature is low, and the expansion of the heat transfer oil in the thermal expansion tube 6 is small. The piston push rod does not trigger the multi-position switch 7, and the device is in standby mode. As the working time of the battery pack 23 increases or the load increases, the generated heat increases, the temperature of the heat dissipation fins 5 rises, and the heat transfer oil in the thermal expansion tube 6 expands due to heat. The increased volume pushes the piston push rod to move. When the temperature reaches the first-level warning threshold, the piston push rod triggers the first-level position of the multi-position switch 7. The multi-position switch 7 is electrically connected to the cooling fan 8. After triggering the first-level position, the cooling fan 8 is powered on and starts, generating airflow that blows directly onto the heat dissipation fins 5, accelerating the airflow on the surface of the heat dissipation fins 5, and quickly carrying away the heat conducted from the battery pack 23 to the fins, achieving first-level active cooling and slowing down the rate of temperature rise of the battery pack 23.

[0024] A spray head 9 is fixed at the top of the spray tank 4. The end of the spray head 9 is connected to the end of the spray pipe 11. An electric control valve 10 is fixed on the surface of the spray head 9. The multi-position switch 7 is electrically connected to the cooling fan 8 and the electric control valve 10. If the temperature of the battery pack 23 continues to rise (such as local overheating or insufficient heat dissipation of the cooling fan 8), the temperature of the heat dissipation fins 5 continues to rise, the heat transfer oil in the thermal expansion tube 6 further expands, and the piston push rod continues to move. When the temperature reaches the secondary warning threshold, the piston push rod triggers the secondary position of the multi-position switch 7. The multi-position switch 7 is electrically connected to the electric control valve 10 on the surface of the spray head 9. After triggering the secondary position, the electric control valve 10 is energized and opened.

[0025] The spray direction of the spray nozzle 12 is directly facing the top surface of the battery pack 23. A dust cover is provided on the outside of the cooling fan 8, and the dust cover is fixed to the surface of the battery box 1 by bolts. The hammer 22 faces the surface of the dust cover on the outside of the cooling fan 8. The electronically controlled valve 10 is energized and opened, allowing the cooling medium (such as liquid nitrogen, which is non-flammable and has an extremely low temperature; spraying liquid nitrogen not only evaporates and absorbs heat, rapidly reducing the temperature of the battery pack 23, but also dilutes oxygen to extinguish open flames, achieving fire suppression and cooling in the event of battery thermal runaway) to flow through. The cooling medium is delivered through the spray head 9 to the serpentine spray pipes 11 inside the cover 2. Several sets of equidistant conical spray holes 12 are opened on the surface of the spray pipes 11, and the spray direction of the spray holes 12 is directly facing the top surface of the battery pack 23. The cooling medium forms a uniform spray mist or columnar water flow through the conical spray holes 12 and is directly sprayed on the top of the battery pack 23. Through the dual effects of evaporative heat absorption and direct heat conduction, the temperature of the battery pack 23 is quickly reduced, the occurrence of thermal runaway is suppressed, and a dual protection of cooling and fire extinguishing is formed to reduce the risk of thermal runaway spread.

[0026] The shaking mechanism 13 also includes a drive shaft 14, a first bevel gear pair 15, and a second bevel gear pair 16. The drive shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the inside of the battery box 1 via a bearing bracket. The first bevel gear pair 15 is installed between the drive shaft 14 and the output shaft end of the cooling fan 8. The first bevel gear pair 15 consists of two meshing bevel gears, one of which is fixed to one end of the drive shaft 14, and the other is fixed to the output shaft end of the cooling fan 8. The shaking mechanism 13 is used to solve the problem of dust accumulation on the outer dustproof mesh cover of the cooling fan 8, and its power comes from the heat dissipation. When the fan 8 starts, its output shaft drives the bevel gear fixed to the output shaft end of the bevel gear pair 15 to rotate. The bevel gear pair 15 consists of two meshing bevel gears. The other bevel gear is fixed to one end of the transmission shaft 14. Therefore, the power is transmitted to the transmission shaft 14 through the bevel gear pair 15, causing the transmission shaft 14 to rotate around its own axis. One bevel gear of the bevel gear pair 16 is fixed to the end of the transmission shaft 14 away from the bevel gear pair 15. The other bevel gear of the bevel gear pair 16 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 17.

[0027] The fixed frame 18 is internally rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 17. A bevel gear pair 16 is installed between the rotating shaft 17 and the transmission shaft 14. The bevel gear pair 16 consists of two meshing bevel gears. One bevel gear is fixed to the end of the transmission shaft 14 away from the bevel gear pair 15, and the other bevel gear is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 17.

[0028] A cam 19 is fixed to the surface of the rotating shaft 17. The cam 19 is snail-shaped and fits against the surface of the flipping frame 20. The rotating shaft 17 is rotatably connected to the inside of the battery box 1 via the fixing frame 18. Therefore, the rotation of the transmission shaft 14 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 17 through the bevel gear pair 16, causing the rotating shaft 17 to rotate. The snail-shaped cam 19 is fixed to the surface of the rotating shaft 17 and fits against the surface of the V-shaped flipping frame 20. The flipping frame 20 is fixed to the surface of the flipping rod 21. The flipping rod 21 is rotatably connected inside the fixed frame 18. When the rotating shaft 17 drives the cam 19 to rotate, the protruding part of the cam 19 periodically pushes the flipping frame 20, causing the flipping frame 20 to reciprocate around the axis of the flipping rod 21. The hammer 22 fixed at one end of the flipping frame 20 moves synchronously with the flipping frame 20. The battery box 1 has a clearance groove inside that matches the hammer 22. The hammer 22 faces the surface of the dustproof mesh cover outside the cooling fan 8, so it will periodically strike the dustproof mesh cover.

[0029] The striking end of the hammer 22 is covered with a rubber cushioning pad, and the surface of the rubber cushioning pad has anti-slip texture. The striking end of the hammer 22 is covered with a rubber cushioning pad with anti-slip texture, which not only prevents damage to the dust cover when striking, but also shakes off the dust accumulated on the surface of the dust cover through vibration, ensuring the air intake efficiency of the cooling fan 8, avoiding dust blockage that affects the heat dissipation effect, and indirectly assisting the stable operation of the heat dissipation system.

[0030] The battery pack 23 is designed to optimize heat conduction and maintenance convenience. The battery pack 23 is placed on the support strip at the bottom of the inner cavity of the battery box 1. This reduces the direct contact area between the battery pack 23 and the bottom of the box, avoiding the impact of the accumulated temperature at the bottom of the box on the battery. On the other hand, it provides sufficient space for the installation and heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins 5, and facilitates the later inspection and replacement of the battery pack 23, thus improving the practicality of the device.

[0031] The hammer 22 is adapted to the clearance groove to avoid component interference and damage: The battery box 1 has a clearance groove inside that is adapted to the hammer 22, providing sufficient movement space for the hammer 22 to reciprocate, avoiding component deformation or damage caused by the hammer body colliding with the inner wall of the battery box 1 during the striking process, and ensuring that the hammer 22 is always facing the surface of the dust cover to avoid cleaning dead corners due to positional deviation.

Claims

1. A spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box, comprising a battery box body (1), characterized in that: It also includes a cover (2), a spray mechanism (3), a shaking mechanism (13), and a battery pack (23). The cover (2) is hinged to the surface of the battery box (1). Multiple sets of support strips are fixed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the battery box (1). The battery pack (23) is placed on the support strips inside the battery box (1). The spray mechanism (3) is installed between the battery box (1) and the battery pack (23). The spray mechanism (3) includes a spray tank (4), heat dissipation fins (5), a heat dissipation fan (8), and a spray pipe (11). The spray tank (4) is fixed to the back side of the surface of the battery box (1). The inside of the cover (2) is fixed with a serpentine arrangement of spray pipes (11). Several sets of conical spray holes (12) are equidistantly arranged on the surface of the spray pipes (11). The heat dissipation fins (5) are fixed around the battery pack (23), the heat dissipation fan (8) is fixed around the surface of the battery box (1) and faces one side of the heat dissipation fins (5), the shaking mechanism (13) is installed between the heat dissipation fan (8) and the battery box (1), the shaking mechanism (13) includes a fixed frame (18), a flipping frame (20), a flipping rod (21) and a hammer (22), the fixed frame (18) is fixed inside the battery box (1), the flipping rod (21) is rotatably connected inside the fixed frame (18), the flipping frame (20) has a V-shaped structure and is fixed on the surface of the flipping rod (21), the hammer (22) is fixed at one end of the flipping frame (20), and the battery box (1) has a clearance groove that is compatible with the hammer (22) inside.

2. The spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying mechanism (3) also includes a thermal expansion tube (6) and a multi-position switch (7). The thermal expansion tube (6) is attached and fixed inside the heat dissipation fins (5). The thermal expansion tube (6) consists of an expansion tube cylinder and a piston rod, and the expansion tube cylinder is filled with a low-boiling-point expansion medium heat transfer oil. The multi-position switch (7) is fixed between the battery box (1) and the piston rod of the thermal expansion tube (6).

3. A spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spray head (9) is fixed at the top of the spray tank (4). The end of the spray head (9) is connected to the end of the spray pipe (11). An electric control valve (10) is fixed on the surface of the spray head (9). The multi-position switch (7) is electrically connected to the cooling fan (8) and the electric control valve (10).

4. A spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray direction of the spray hole (12) is facing the top surface of the battery pack (23). A dust cover is provided on the outside of the cooling fan (8). The dust cover is fixed to the surface of the battery box (1) by bolts, and the hammer (22) is facing the surface of the dust cover on the outside of the cooling fan (8).

5. A spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaking mechanism (13) also includes a drive shaft (14), a bevel gear pair one (15) and a bevel gear pair two (16). The drive shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the inside of the battery box (1) through a bearing bracket. The bevel gear pair one (15) is installed between the drive shaft (14) and the output shaft end of the cooling fan (8). The bevel gear pair one (15) consists of two meshing bevel gears, one of which is fixed at one end of the drive shaft (14) and the other is fixed at the output shaft end of the cooling fan (8).

6. A spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed frame (18) is internally connected to a rotating shaft (17). A bevel gear pair (16) is installed between the rotating shaft (17) and the transmission shaft (14). The bevel gear pair (16) consists of two meshing bevel gears. One bevel gear is fixed at the end of the transmission shaft (14) away from the bevel gear pair (15), and the other bevel gear is fixed at the end of the rotating shaft (17).

7. A spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cam (19) is fixed on the surface of the rotating shaft (17). The cam (19) is snail-shaped and fits against the surface of the flipping frame (20).

8. A spray device for suppressing thermal runaway in an energy storage battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The striking end of the hammer (22) is covered with a rubber cushioning pad, and the surface of the rubber cushioning pad is provided with anti-slip texture.

Images