Fire safe monitored modular micro energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of fireproof safety monitoring's assembly type miniature energy storage system, including miniature energy storage stick connected with photovoltaic assembly one one;The miniature energy storage stick includes battery module, temperature sensor for detecting battery module temperature, detection module for detecting battery module internal resistance and circuit breaker protector connected with battery module;The signal output end of temperature sensor and the signal output end of detection module are all connected with control module, and the control output end of control module is connected to the control input end of circuit breaker protector.The utility model can carry out real-time temperature and internal resistance monitoring to each energy storage unit, avoids thermal runaway risk, and improves overall safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy storage, specifically to a modular micro energy storage system with fire prevention and safety monitoring capabilities. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for clean energy, photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology has been widely adopted. However, the intermittent and fluctuating nature of PV power generation leads to a mismatch between power generation and electricity load over time, resulting in significant curtailment of solar power. Therefore, PV-based energy storage has become an important development direction for the industry.

[0003] In recent years, module-level distributed energy storage has emerged as an innovative solution. It involves installing energy storage batteries directly near photovoltaic (PV) modules, with each pair of PV modules equipped with a small-capacity energy storage device. This enables localized storage and management of electrical energy, thereby improving overall efficiency and safety. These module-based micro-energy storage units offer advantages such as flexible deployment, plug-and-play functionality, and low cost, gradually becoming a new direction for industrial and commercial PV energy storage. However, micro-energy storage units are dispersed in outdoor environments and are susceptible to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity during long-term operation, leading to safety hazards such as battery aging, increased internal resistance, and thermal runaway. Although existing centralized energy storage systems possess comprehensive battery management system protection functions, they cannot provide real-time, detailed monitoring of each micro-energy storage unit.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need for a new modular micro energy storage system that can monitor the temperature and internal resistance of each energy storage unit in real time, thereby avoiding the risk of thermal runaway and improving overall safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a modular micro energy storage system with fire-resistant safety monitoring, which can monitor the temperature and internal resistance of each energy storage unit in real time, avoid the risk of thermal runaway, and improve the overall safety.

[0006] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant and safety-monitoring modular micro energy storage system, comprising micro energy storage rods connected one by one to photovoltaic modules.

[0007] The micro energy storage rod includes a battery module, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery module, a detection module for detecting the internal resistance of the battery module, and a circuit breaker connected to the battery module.

[0008] The signal output terminals of the temperature sensor and the detection module are both connected to the control module, and the control output terminal of the control module is connected to the control input terminal of the circuit breaker.

[0009] Furthermore, one of the micro energy storage rods and one photovoltaic module form an energy storage unit, and several of the energy storage units are connected in parallel to the string circuit via the DC side and then connected to the grid via a string inverter.

[0010] Furthermore, the micro energy storage rod also includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter; the positive terminal of the battery module is connected to the low-voltage side input terminal LV+ of the bidirectional DC / DC converter through the circuit breaker, the negative terminal of the battery module is connected to the low-voltage side input terminal LV- of the bidirectional DC / DC converter, the high-voltage side port of the bidirectional DC / DC converter is connected to the DC bus where the photovoltaic module is located; the control input terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter is connected to the control output terminal of the control module.

[0011] Furthermore, the battery module is a lithium iron phosphate battery module.

[0012] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a monitoring platform; the signal output terminal of the control module is connected to the monitoring platform through a communication module.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model discloses a modular micro-energy storage system with fire-resistant safety monitoring. It consists of micro-energy storage rods corresponding one-to-one with photovoltaic modules. Each micro-energy storage rod includes a battery module, a temperature sensor, an internal resistance detection module, and a circuit breaker. It acquires real-time temperature and internal resistance information of the battery module, achieving dynamic protection of the battery module. The circuit breaker promptly cuts off faults, preventing thermal runaway and fires. Compared to traditional energy storage devices, this system achieves module-level safety monitoring, improving the level of refined management and overall safety, and is suitable for photovoltaic grid-connected energy storage scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modular micro energy storage system of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the miniature energy storage rod of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the temperature detection principle of the miniature energy storage rod of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the internal battery module fixing of the micro energy storage rod of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in the figures:

[0021] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant and safety-monitoring modular micro energy storage system, comprising micro energy storage rods connected one by one to photovoltaic modules.

[0022] The micro energy storage rod includes a battery module, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery module, a detection module for detecting the internal resistance of the battery module, and a circuit breaker connected to the battery module.

[0023] The signal output terminals of the temperature sensor and the detection module are both connected to the control module, and the control output terminal of the control module is connected to the control input terminal of the circuit breaker.

[0024] The detection module can employ existing internal resistance detection devices, such as embedded battery monitoring ICs and AC injection modules. The embedded battery monitoring IC can be a TI BQ76952 or an ADI LTC6811. These chips do not inherently have AC signal injection capabilities, but they can accurately acquire the voltage and / or current response signals after injection, essentially functioning as sensors. The AC injection module is a circuit that generates and injects a small AC signal. Its function is to disturb the battery, allowing the monitoring IC to detect the battery's voltage / current response, thereby measuring the internal resistance. Further details are omitted here. The control module uses an existing high-performance MCU with a built-in high-performance processor core, equipped with 256KB Flash and 128KB RAM.

[0025] Through the aforementioned structure, the system can acquire real-time information on battery module temperature and internal resistance, promptly identify abnormal states such as overheating, short circuits, or performance degradation, and quickly cut off faults through circuit breakers, significantly reducing the risk of thermal runaway and fire. The system monitors a group of photovoltaic modules and micro-storage rods, achieving fine-grained safety management and improving the overall operational reliability and protection performance of the energy storage system, making it particularly suitable for photovoltaic grid-connected distributed energy storage scenarios.

[0026] In this embodiment, one micro energy storage rod and one photovoltaic module form an energy storage unit. Several energy storage units are connected in parallel to a string circuit via the DC side and then connected to the grid via a string inverter. Each energy storage unit is a module unit, thus forming a module-based energy storage system.

[0027] By integrating each micro-energy storage rod with a photovoltaic module to form an independent energy storage unit, and connecting the DC sides of several energy storage units in parallel to a string circuit, the system achieves tight coupling between energy storage and power generation. The string inverter can efficiently convert the aggregated DC energy into grid power, smoothing out fluctuations in photovoltaic power generation and fully utilizing the energy of the energy storage units to achieve power regulation and peak-valley control. Simultaneously, the modular design facilitates expansion and maintenance, and each energy storage unit can be independently monitored and protected, improving the overall system security and operational reliability, making it suitable for distributed photovoltaic grid-connected scenarios.

[0028] In this embodiment, the micro energy storage rod further includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter; the positive terminal of the battery module is connected to the low-voltage side input terminal LV+ of the bidirectional DC / DC converter through the circuit breaker, the negative terminal of the battery module is connected to the low-voltage side input terminal LV- of the bidirectional DC / DC converter, the high-voltage side port of the bidirectional DC / DC converter is connected to the DC bus where the photovoltaic module is located; the control input terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter is connected to the control output terminal of the control module.

[0029] By introducing a bidirectional DC / DC converter into the micro energy storage rod and connecting the battery module to the low-voltage side of the converter via a circuit breaker, while the high-voltage side of the converter is connected to the DC bus of the photovoltaic module, the system achieves bidirectional energy flow between the energy storage unit and the photovoltaic DC bus. The control module can adjust the converter in real time to achieve dynamic management of battery charging and discharging, balance photovoltaic power generation fluctuations, and optimize energy dispatch. Simultaneously, the bidirectional energy control combined with the circuit breaker can quickly disconnect the battery circuit in abnormal situations, improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage unit and the overall system.

[0030] In this embodiment, the battery module is a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery module. The LFP battery module consists of six 3.2V / 50Ah cells connected in series, with a rated capacity of 0.96kWh, a rated voltage of 19.2V, and a cycle life exceeding 4000 cycles. Using LFP battery modules as energy storage batteries offers advantages such as long cycle life, good thermal stability, and high safety performance, effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway and fire. Furthermore, this battery type maintains stable capacity under high-frequency charging and discharging conditions and long-term operation, improving the overall reliability and lifespan of the energy storage system.

[0031] In this embodiment, a digital temperature sensor is used. The digital temperature sensor acquires the battery surface temperature in real time, with a measurement range of -55℃ to +125℃, an accuracy of ±0.5℃, and a sampling frequency of 1Hz. Using a digital temperature sensor to monitor the battery module enables high-precision, real-time temperature acquisition, avoids errors caused by analog signal interference, and improves data reliability. Combined with the control module and circuit breaker, it can respond promptly to temperature anomalies, quickly implement protective measures, reduce the risk of thermal runaway, and enhance the safety and stability of the energy storage system.

[0032] This embodiment also includes a monitoring platform; the signal output terminal of the control module is connected to the monitoring platform via a communication module; wherein, the monitoring platform can be an existing cloud platform. The communication module adopts WIoTa wireless communication, operates at a frequency of 470MHz, has a transmission distance ≥500m (line-of-sight), a transmit power of up to +20dBm, a receive sensitivity of up to -145dBm, and supports Mesh networking functionality.

[0033] By integrating a monitoring platform into the system and connecting the signal output of the control module to it via a communication module, remote real-time monitoring of the battery module's temperature, internal resistance, and operating status can be achieved. Utilizing an existing cloud platform, centralized data management, anomaly alarms, and historical data analysis can be realized, improving the visualization management level, operational efficiency, and overall security of the energy storage system.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A modular micro energy storage system with fireproof and safety monitoring capabilities, characterized in that: This includes micro-energy storage rods that are connected to each photovoltaic module; The micro energy storage rod includes a battery module, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery module, a detection module for detecting the internal resistance of the battery module, and a circuit breaker connected to the battery module. The signal output terminals of the temperature sensor and the detection module are both connected to the control module, and the control output terminal of the control module is connected to the control input terminal of the circuit breaker.

2. The fire-resistant and safety-monitoring modular micro energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the micro energy storage rods and one photovoltaic module form an energy storage unit. Several of the energy storage units are connected in parallel to a string circuit via the DC side and then connected to the grid via a string inverter.

3. The fire-resistant and safety-monitoring modular micro energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The micro energy storage rod also includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter; the positive terminal of the battery module is connected to the low-voltage input terminal LV+ of the bidirectional DC / DC converter through the circuit breaker, the negative terminal of the battery module is connected to the low-voltage input terminal LV- of the bidirectional DC / DC converter, the high-voltage port of the bidirectional DC / DC converter is connected to the DC bus where the photovoltaic module is located; the control input terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter is connected to the control output terminal of the control module.

4. The fire-resistant and safety-monitoring modular micro energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery module is a lithium iron phosphate battery module.

5. The fire-resistant and safety-monitoring modular micro energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor.

6. The fire-resistant and safety-monitoring modular micro energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring platform; the signal output terminal of the control module is connected to the monitoring platform through a communication module.

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