Triangular distributed magnetic point motor

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of triangular distribution type magnetic point motor, its technical features include radial magnetic rotor, casing, wire frame, bearing, radial magnetic rotor includes shaft and radial magnet, radial magnet is the magnetic roller formed by radial N-S two-pole magnetic field, casing is triangular cylinder or triangular architecture, the center of casing two ends has bearing seat, the shaft of radial magnetic rotor is equipped with bearing, bearing is installed in the bearing seat of the center of casing two ends, wire frame is set in the casing, wire frame is rectangular wire winding, there are three-phase, three-phase wire frame is evenly distributed along the radial magnetic rotor circumference 60 degrees equilateral triangle, wire frame is covered the radial magnet, the current direction of wire frame is along the axial direction and end surface of the radial magnet and encircles, form closed electromagnetic field, wire frame's line end is connected according to star connection, form rotating magnetic field by motor controller, realize brushless, no core, large torsion, high speed, high energy efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an electric motor, and more particularly to a triangular distributed magnetic point motor with high energy efficiency and high power-to-weight ratio. Background Technology

[0002] Currently available brushless DC motors are not true DC motors. These so-called DC motors only have a DC input current, which is unstable. The internal magnetoelectric processes and operating principles of both brushed and brushless DC motors are alternating electromagnetic fields. Therefore, these so-called DC motors still suffer from the iron and copper losses inherent in transformers. Due to these losses, brushed and brushless DC motors experience significant energy loss and heat generation at high speeds, making ultra-high-speed operation difficult. All current motors and DC motors are developed based on Faraday's armature model. The working principle of a DC generator is to convert the alternating electromotive force induced in the armature coil into a DC electromotive force when drawn from the brushes using a commutator and brushes. The direction of force on a conductor is determined by the left-hand rule. A brushless motor is essentially a conventional DC motor with the stator and rotor interchanged. Its rotor uses permanent magnets to generate air gap flux; the stator is the armature, composed of multi-phase windings. The stator structure of a brushless motor is the same as that of a conventional synchronous motor or induction motor. Multi-phase windings (three-phase, four-phase, five-phase, etc.) are embedded in the iron core. The windings can be connected in a star or delta configuration and are connected to the power transistors of the inverter for proper commutation. The rotor often uses rare-earth materials with high coercivity and high remanence, such as samarium cobalt or neodymium iron boron. Due to the different positions of the magnetic materials in the poles, they can be classified as surface-mounted poles, embedded poles, and toroidal poles. Because the motor body is a permanent magnet motor, brushless motors are also commonly called permanent magnet brushless DC motors. In a brushed motor, the two copper or carbon brushes are fixed to the rear cover of the motor via insulating bases, directly introducing the positive and negative terminals of the power supply to the rotor's commutator. The commutator connects to the coils on the rotor, and the three coils continuously alternate polarity, creating a force with the two magnets fixed on the outer casing, causing the rotor to rotate. Because the commutator is fixed to the rotor, and the brushes are fixed to the housing (stator), the brushes and commutator constantly rub against each other when the motor rotates, generating a lot of resistance and heat. Therefore, brushed motors are inefficient and have very high losses. However, they also have the advantages of simple manufacturing and low cost.

[0003] Because the armature circuit resistance and inductance of a motor are relatively small, and the rotating body has a certain mechanical inertia, the armature speed and corresponding back electromotive force are very small at the beginning of the starting phase after the motor is connected to the power supply, resulting in a very large starting current. This current can reach 15 to 20 times the rated current. This current can cause disturbances to the power grid, mechanical shocks to the generator set, and sparking in the commutator. Therefore, direct starting is only suitable for motors with a power rating of no more than 4 kW (starting current 6 to 8 times the rated current). To limit the starting current, a specially designed variable resistor is often connected in series in the armature circuit, widely used in various small and medium-sized DC motors. However, due to the large energy consumption during starting, it is not suitable for motors that are frequently started or for medium and large-sized DC motors. However, for certain special needs, such as urban trams which are frequently started, series resistor starting is usually used to simplify equipment, reduce weight, and facilitate operation and maintenance. For larger capacity DC motors, reduced voltage starting is usually used. That is, a separate adjustable DC power supply supplies power to the motor armature, and controlling the power supply voltage allows for smooth motor starting and speed regulation. The power supply equipment for this method is relatively complex.

[0004] The control structure of a brushless motor: A brushless motor is a type of synchronous motor, meaning its rotor speed is affected by the speed of the stator's rotating magnetic field and the number of rotor poles (P), where N = 120f / P. With a fixed number of rotor poles, changing the frequency of the stator's rotating magnetic field alters the rotor speed. A brushless motor essentially adds electronic control (driver) to a synchronous motor, controlling the frequency of the stator's rotating magnetic field and feeding back the rotor speed to the control center for repeated adjustments, aiming to achieve characteristics close to a DC motor. In other words, a brushless motor can maintain a certain rotor speed within its rated load range even when the load changes.

[0005] Switched reluctance motors are AC motors where the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit must change as much as possible during rotor rotation. Therefore, both the stator and rotor of this motor employ a doubly salient pole structure and are constructed from stacked silicon steel sheets. Each stator pole has a simple concentrated winding, and the windings on two radially opposite stator poles are connected in series or parallel to form a phase. The rotor has no windings and no permanent magnets. Based on the number of phases, motors can be classified as odd-phase or even-phase. Based on the magnetic circuit structure, they can be classified as two-pole long magnetic circuit structures or four-pole short magnetic circuit structures. Based on the excitation mode, they can be classified as single-phase or multi-phase. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Existing motors consist of several wire windings surrounding an iron core distributed around the rotor circumference. The rotor's magnetic system is a closed magnetic field, and the electromagnetic effects are experienced outside the wire windings. Therefore, the effective working distance between the wire windings and the magnetic poles is very short. An iron core must be used to enhance the induced magnetic field, and the magnetic poles must be very close to the iron core. This restricts the motor's power-to-weight ratio and energy efficiency.

[0007] To improve the energy efficiency and power-to-weight ratio of existing brushless motors, this utility model adopts a technical solution comprising a radial magnetic rotor, a housing, a lead frame, and bearings. The radial magnetic rotor includes a shaft and radial magnets. The radial magnets are either a magnetic roller composed of radial N-S polarity magnetic fields, or a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial N-S polarity magnetic fields misaligned within a 90-degree axial direction. The shaft is tightly connected to the radial magnets, and the radial magnets are coaxially mounted with the shaft. The housing is a fixing component supporting the lead frame and the radial magnetic rotor. The housing is a triangular cylinder or triangular structure with a cover at one or both ends. Bearing seats are located at the center of both ends of the housing. Bearings are mounted on the shaft of the radial magnetic rotor, and the bearings are installed in the bearing seats at the center of both ends of the housing. One end of the shaft extends out as a power output shaft. The conductor frame is set inside the housing. The conductor frame is a rectangular conductor winding. The conductor frame has three phases. The three-phase conductor frames are evenly distributed along the 60-degree equilateral triangle around the circumference of the radial magnetic rotor. The conductor frame is fitted with the radial magnet. The current direction of the conductor frame is along the axial direction and end face of the radial magnet, forming a closed electromagnetic field. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frames are connected in a star connection or a delta connection. Through the motor controller, a rotating magnetic field is formed in the conductor frame. There is a rotational gap between the conductor frame and the radial magnet. The housing and the conductor frame are fixed. The radial magnet rotates relative to the conductor frame. The radial magnet rotates together with the shaft.

[0008] The three-phase conductor frame is fitted with three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron cores. The three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron cores are distributed in an equilateral triangle and combined to form a stator with a circular opening. The circular opening of the stator is fitted with the radial magnet. The axial height of the stator is equal to or greater than the axial height of the radial magnet, and the diameter of the circular opening of the stator is greater than the diameter of the radial magnet.

[0009] The radial magnets described are magnetic rollers composed of radial NS dipolar magnetic fields. The radial NS dipolar magnetic field refers to the overall magnetic field direction of the radial magnetic rotor on its rotating circumference, regardless of the number of permanent magnets arranged, such as NS, NNSS, NNNNSSSS, etc. These arrangements all constitute radial NS dipolar magnetic fields and are magnetic points with open magnetic fields. However, arrangements such as NSNS, NSNSNS, NSNSNSNS, etc., on the rotating circumference are not radial NS dipolar magnetic fields, but rather four-pole, six-pole, eight-pole, or multi-pole magnetic systems. Multi-pole magnetic systems are closed magnetic fields and cannot be used in triangular distributed magnetic point motors.

[0010] A position sensor, including one of an electromagnetic position sensor, a magnetic position sensor, and a photoelectric position sensor, is installed in the housing. The housing contains an electromagnetic induction coil, or a Hall position sensor at the output end of the shaft, or a rotary transformer at the tail end of the shaft, or a magnetic encoder, or a photosensitive signal sensor. The current, through the feedback of the position sensor and the control of the motor controller, causes the current switch of the conductor frame to change as the magnetic field rotates to a certain position. The magnetic field direction of the radial magnet is always synchronously rotated with the rotating magnetic field of the three-phase conductor frame.

[0011] The aforementioned triangular distributed magnetic point motor has a motor controller. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor calculates and controls the back electromotive force of the conductor frame through the motor controller, so that the current switch of the conductor frame changes as the magnetic field rotates to a certain position. The magnetic field direction of the radial magnet always keeps synchronous rotation with the rotating magnetic field of the three-phase conductor frame.

[0012] The housing is a hexagonal cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three short equilateral surfaces. The housing has a front cover and a rear cover. The front cover and the rear cover have bearing seats at their centers. Three fixed angles are evenly distributed inside the housing. The fixed angles are in the shape of inverted isosceles triangular rods. The interior angles of the fixed angles are 120 degrees. The fixed angles are located between two adjacent sets of conductor frames and serve to fix and support the conductor frames. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frames are led out from the rear cover of the housing.

[0013] The casing is a triangular cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three sector rods, with equilateral triangular cover plates at both ends. Alternatively, the casing is a triangular skeleton composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates and three sector rods. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates are rounded, and the sector rods have a fan angle of 120 degrees. The two equilateral triangular cover plates have bearing seats at their centers, and the three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates have screw holes. The two ends of the sector rods have screw holes at their centers. The two equilateral triangular cover plates and the three sector rods are connected by bolts. The triangular skeleton may be fitted with a triangular cylinder or have three square stainless steel plates installed. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frame are led out from the equilateral triangular cover plate at the rear end of the casing.

[0014] The triangular tube may be multiple triangular rings, or it may be a spiral structure, or it may be a fence structure.

[0015] The radial magnetic rotor has a cooling fan at its rear end, or the shaft extends from the rear cover of the housing and is connected to a cooling fan, and the rear cover of the housing has a fan cover.

[0016] This motor can be installed in two ways: horizontal and vertical. In the horizontal installation, the bottom surface of the housing has a base frame with screw holes. In the vertical installation, the front end of the housing has a base frame with screw holes. One end of the housing has a wire lead-out hole and a screw hole. The rear cover has a wiring bridge and an insulated junction box. The outer surface of the housing has heat sinks. Alternatively, a portion of the stator has arc-shaped silicon steel laminations with a longer outer end serving as heat sinks. These heat sinks are axially distributed. The shaft extends from the rear cover and connects to a centrifugal cooling fan. The rear end cover has a triangular fan cover.

[0017] The radial magnet is a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial NS diode magnetic fields misaligned within a 90-degree axial direction. Two radial NS diode magnetic fields are axially misaligned at 90 degrees and perpendicular to each other, meaning the two permanent magnets are axially arranged such that the NS magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other. Three radial NS diode magnetic fields are axially misaligned at 60 degrees and intersect each other. Similarly, four radial NS diode magnetic fields are axially misaligned at 45 degrees and intersect each other, five radial NS diode magnetic fields are axially misaligned at 36 degrees and intersect each other, and six radial NS diode magnetic fields are axially misaligned at 30 degrees and intersect each other. This layering and twisting within a 90-degree axial direction creates a twisted, spiral-like shape, ensuring dynamic balance in any rotational orientation.

[0018] The radial magnet is a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial permanent magnets arranged in the same magnetic field direction. The magnetic roller has a radial N-S dual magnetic field. The surface of the magnetic roller is toothed, with a concave surface that is narrower and wider at the bottom, and magnetic strips are embedded therein. Alternatively, permanent magnets are pasted on the surface of the magnetic roller, and the radial permanent magnets are reinforced by a stainless steel cylindrical sleeve or by wrapping the radial permanent magnets with carbon fiber cloth.

[0019] Under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, the starting method of the delta distributed magnetic point motor can adopt the starting method of an AC open stepper motor. The radial magnet is encased by a metal cylinder, forming a short-circuit ring. The length of the metal cylinder is equal to or greater than the length of the permanent magnet, and both ends of the metal cylinder have metal rings. The metal cylinder is made of aluminum, copper, or silver short tubes. This allows for direct starting of the motor under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, such as a 50 Hz three-phase power supply, without the need for a motor controller and position sensor, simplifying the operation and reducing application costs.

[0020] The aforementioned conductor frame is reinforced with epoxy resin.

[0021] The shafts on both sides of the radial magnet have steps, or have grooves and retaining rings, to fix the position of the shafts and bearings.

[0022] The shaft is equipped with a cooling fan, or the housing is equipped with a liquid cooling pipe. The cooling pipe has inlet and outlet connections to a water pump system or an oil pump system, and the motor dissipates heat through water cooling or oil cooling.

[0023] The radial magnet is an electromagnet, which includes a coil and an electromagnet core. The tail of the shaft has a brush, and the two ends of the coil are connected to the brush.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Existing motors consist of several wire windings surrounding an iron core distributed along the rotor circumference. The rotor's magnetic system is a closed magnetic field, and the electromagnetic effect is felt outside the wire windings. Therefore, the effective distance between the wire windings and the magnetic poles is very short, requiring an iron core to enhance the induced magnetic field. The magnetic poles and the iron core must be very close, which restricts the motor's power-to-weight ratio and energy efficiency. The delta-distributed magnetic point motor has a longer and stronger electromagnetic distance, allowing for the placement of more wires. Therefore, the delta-distributed magnetic point motor has the best magnetoelectric effect, the highest torque, and no iron losses due to the iron core. Its energy efficiency is the highest among known motors, reaching over 99%. It does not overheat at ultra-high speeds. Compared to existing DC motors and brushless motors, the delta-distributed magnetic point motor has no iron losses and lower copper losses, resulting in significant energy savings. Existing brushless DC motors and brushed DC motors are actually AC motors in their internal structure. Therefore, under high-speed rotation, the alternating magnetic field generated by the iron core has a large resistance. As the motor speed increases by a square factor, it limits the motor speed, and thus limits the power-to-weight ratio of the motor. However, the triangular distributed magnetic point motor of this invention does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks of existing motors. It can achieve ultra-high-speed rotation. Therefore, for the same weight, the triangular distributed magnetic point motor has the highest power, and its power-to-weight ratio can be increased by two or three times, reaching more than ten kilowatts per kilogram. For the same power, it can reduce the weight by about 70%. Without the heavy iron core and shell, the heat dissipation effect is better, and there is no need for complicated water cooling and oil cooling systems. When the triangular distributed magnetic point motor is used in new energy vehicles, it can reduce the cost of new energy vehicles by about 10% and improve energy efficiency by about 10%. These advantages are particularly important for new energy electric vehicles, which can extend the driving range of electric vehicles by about 10% and improve the starting speed of electric vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a triangular distributed magnetic point motor.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a triangular distributed magnetic point motor.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the casing of a triangular distributed magnetic point motor.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the casing of a triangular distributed magnetic point motor.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a Hall-less delta-distributed magnetic point motor.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a Hall-less delta-distributed magnetic point motor.

[0031] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of a Hall effect delta distributed magnetic point motor structure.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a Hall effect delta distributed magnetic point motor structure. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Implement column 1, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 The image shows a triangular distributed magnetic point motor, comprising a radial magnetic rotor 1, a housing 2, a conductor frame 3, and a bearing 4. Specific technical features include: the radial magnetic rotor 1 comprising a shaft 10 and a radial magnet 11, the radial magnet 11 being a magnetic roller formed by a radial N / S dipolar magnetic field; the shaft 10 being tightly connected to the radial magnet 11; and the radial magnet 11 being coaxially mounted with the shaft 10; steps, slots, or retaining rings on both sides of the shaft of the radial magnet for fixing the position of the shaft and bearing. In miniature magnetic point motors, the radial magnet 11 is generally a single radial N / S permanent magnet, typically made of neodymium iron boron magnets or ferrite magnets. A cooling fan is located at the rear end of the radial magnetic rotor 1. The large motor uses a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial permanent magnets arranged in the same magnetic field direction. The magnetic roller has a radial NS two-pole magnetic field. The surface of the magnetic roller is toothed, with a concave surface that is narrower and wider at the bottom, and magnetic strips are embedded therein. Alternatively, the permanent magnets are pasted on the surface of the magnetic roller. Generally, the radial permanent magnets 11 are reinforced with a high-strength stainless steel cylindrical sleeve, or the radial permanent magnets 11 are reinforced by wrapping with carbon fiber cloth.

[0034] The conductor frame 3 is disposed within the housing 2. The conductor frame 3 is a rectangular conductor winding, typically made of enameled copper wire with a round or flat cross-section. The conductor frame 3 is reinforced with epoxy resin to enhance structural stress. The conductor frame 3 has three phases, which are evenly distributed along the 60-degree equilateral triangle around the circumference of the radial magnetic rotor 1. The conductor frame 3 encloses the radial magnet 11. The current direction of the conductor frame 3 is along the axial direction and end face of the radial magnet 11, forming a closed electromagnetic field. The ends of the three-phase conductor frame 3 are connected in a star configuration or a delta configuration. A rotating magnetic field is formed in the conductor frame 3 through a motor controller. There is a rotational gap between the conductor frame 3 and the radial magnet 11. The housing 2 and the conductor frame 3 are fixed, while the radial magnet 11 rotates relative to the conductor frame 3. The radial magnet 11 rotates together with the shaft 10.

[0035] The housing 2 is a fixing component that supports the conductor frame 3 and the radial magnetic rotor 1. The housing 2 is a hexagonal cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three short equilateral surfaces, with a front end cover and a rear end cover. The front end cover and the rear end cover of the housing 2 have bearing seats at their centers. The shaft 10 of the radial magnetic rotor 1 is fitted with bearings 4 at both ends, and the bearings 4 are fitted into the bearing seats. Three fixed angles 20 are evenly distributed inside the housing. The fixed angles 20 are in the shape of inverted isosceles triangular rods, and the interior angles of the fixed angles 20 are 120 degrees. The fixed angles 20 are located between two adjacent sets of conductor frames and serve to fix and support the conductor frame 3. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frames (3) are connected in a star configuration. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frames 3 are led out from the rear end cover of the housing 2. The triangular cylinder 23 may have many heat dissipation holes, and a cooling fan is provided at the rear end of the shaft 10.

[0036] The aforementioned triangular distributed magnetic point motor generally uses Hall position sensors and Hall-less controllers to control the motor. Other types of position sensors 6 include one or more of electromagnetic position sensors, magnetic position sensors, and photoelectric position sensors. The housing contains an electromagnetic induction coil, or a Hall position sensor at the tail end of the shaft, or a rotary transformer at the tail end of the shaft, or a magnetic encoder, or a photosensitive signal sensor in the housing. The current, through the feedback of the position sensor 6 and the control of the motor controller, causes the current switch of the conductor frame to change as the magnetic field rotates to a certain position. The magnetic field direction of the radial magnet always rotates synchronously with the rotating magnetic field of the three-phase conductor frame.

[0037] This motor can be installed in two ways: horizontal and vertical. When installed horizontally, the bottom surface of the housing 2 has a base frame with screw holes. When installed vertically, the front end of the housing 2 has a base frame with screw holes.

[0038] The operation of the delta-distributed magnetic point motor is similar to that of a three-phase AC synchronous permanent magnet motor. First, the motor controller converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power output synchronized with the radial magnetic rotor 1. Symmetrically distributed three-phase conductor frames 3 are supplied with symmetrical three-phase currents, generating a rotating magnetic field in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference, dragging the radial magnetic rotor 1 to rotate within the conductor frames 3. The electronic conversion process of the motor operation can be completed by the LGBT module or MOS module motor controller. Through feedback from the position sensor, or by the measurement and control of the back electromotive force of the conductor frames 3, the current switching of the conductor frames 3 changes synchronously with the direction of magnetic field rotation. The current direction and electromagnetic field direction corresponding to the radial NS diode magnetic field direction remain unchanged.

[0039] Under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, the starting method of the delta-distributed magnetic point motor can adopt the starting method of an AC asynchronous motor. The radial magnet 11 has a metal cylinder surrounding the radial permanent magnet, forming a short-circuit ring. The length of the metal cylinder is equal to or greater than the length of the permanent magnet. The metal cylinder has metal rings at both ends, and the metal cylinder is made of aluminum, copper, or silver short tubes. This allows for direct motor starting under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, such as a 50 Hz three-phase power supply, without the need for a motor controller and position sensor, simplifying the operation and reducing application costs.

[0040] As in the present invention, in a motor, the radial magnet 11 is a cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet with a radial dipolar magnetic field. The radial magnet 11 has an axial through hole. The shaft 10 is made of bearing steel and passes through the through hole of the radial magnet 11. They are then bonded together with strong adhesive to form a radial magnetic rotor 1. The radial magnet 11 has steps at both ends, and the steps are stainless steel collars that pass through the shaft 10 and are fixed at both ends of the radial magnet 11 to lock the distance between the radial magnet 11 and the bearing 4. The housing 2 is a hexagonal cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three short equilateral surfaces. Three fixed angles 20 are evenly distributed inside the housing 2. The fixed angles 20 are inverted isosceles triangular rods with an interior angle of 120 degrees. The fixed angles 20 are located between two adjacent sets of conductor frames. Bearing seats are located at the center of the front and rear covers of the housing 2. The shaft 10 is equipped with bearings 4, and the two ends of the shaft 10 pass through the bearings 4. The conductor frame 3 is a rectangular conductor winding. The conductor frame 3 is wound with self-adhesive enameled wire or reinforced with epoxy resin. The conductor frame 3 is distributed on the three sides of the triangular tube, and the radial magnetic rotor 1 is fitted in the middle. The three-phase conductor frames 3 are distributed at 60 degrees. The three-phase conductor frames 3 adopt a star connection. The three tail ends of the W, U, and V three-phase lines are connected in parallel. The three heads of W, U, and V are led out from the rear cover of the housing 2. A Hall position sensor is installed on the rear cover of the housing 2. The motor speed is controlled by a brushless motor driver.

[0041] Implement column 2, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8The image shows a triangular distributed magnetic point motor, comprising a radial magnetic rotor 1, a housing 2, a conductor frame 3, and a bearing 4. The radial magnetic rotor 1 includes a shaft 10 and a radial magnet 11. The radial magnet 11 is a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial N-S dipolar magnetic fields misaligned within a 90-degree axial direction. The shaft 10 is tightly connected to the radial magnet 11, and the radial magnet 11 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 10. The shaft has steps, grooves, or retaining springs on both sides of the radial magnet to fix the position of the shaft and bearing. In miniature magnetic point motors, the radial magnet 11 is typically a single radial N-S permanent magnet, and the rear end of the radial magnetic rotor 1 has a cooling fan. The large motor uses a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial permanent magnets arranged in the same magnetic field direction. The magnetic roller has a radial NS two-pole magnetic field. The surface of the magnetic roller is toothed, with a concave surface that is narrower and wider at the bottom, and magnetic strips are embedded therein. Alternatively, the permanent magnets are pasted on the surface of the magnetic roller. Generally, the radial permanent magnets 11 are reinforced with high-strength stainless steel cylinders, or the radial permanent magnets 11 are reinforced by wrapping with carbon fiber cloth.

[0042] The conductor frame 3 is disposed inside the housing 2. The conductor frame 3 is a rectangular conductor winding. The conductor frame 3 is generally made of copper enameled wire or aluminum enameled wire, and the cross-section is a round conductor or a flat conductor. The conductor frame 3 is reinforced with epoxy resin to strengthen the structural stress. The conductor frame 3 has three phases, which are evenly distributed along the 60-degree equilateral triangle around the radial magnetic rotor 1. Each of the three conductor frames 3 is fitted with three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron cores, which are distributed in an equilateral triangle and combined to form a stator 5 with a circular opening. The radial magnet 11 is fitted into the circular opening of the stator 5. The axial height of the stator 5 is equal to or greater than the axial height of the radial magnet 11, and the diameter of the circular opening of the stator 5 is greater than the diameter of the radial magnet 11. The current direction of the conductor frame 3 is along the axial direction and end face of the stator 5, forming a closed electromagnetic field. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frame 3 are connected in a star connection or a delta connection. Through the motor controller, a rotating magnetic field is formed in the conductor frame 3. The housing 2 and the stator 5 are fixed, while the radial magnet 11 rotates relative to the circular opening of the stator 5. The radial magnet 11 rotates together with the shaft 10.

[0043] The radial magnet is a magnetic roller composed of a radial NS dipolar magnetic field. The radial NS dipolar magnetic field means that no matter how many permanent magnets are arranged on the radial magnetic rotor's rotating circumference, the overall magnetic field direction is still a radial NS dipolar magnetic field, such as NS, NNSS, NNNNSSSS, etc. The above arrangement is a radial NS dipolar magnetic field, which is a magnetic point with an open magnetic field.

[0044] The aforementioned triangular distributed magnetic point motor has a motor controller. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor calculates and controls the back electromotive force of the conductor frame through the motor controller, so that the current switch of the conductor frame changes as the magnetic field rotates to a certain position. The magnetic field direction of the radial magnet always keeps synchronous rotation with the rotating magnetic field of the three-phase conductor frame.

[0045] The housing 2 is a fixing component that supports the conductor frame 3 and the radial magnetic rotor 1. The housing 2 is a hexagonal cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three short equilateral surfaces, with a front end cover and a rear end cover. The front end cover and the rear end cover of the housing 2 have bearing seats at their centers. The shaft 10 of the radial magnetic rotor 1 is fitted with bearings 4 at both ends, and the bearings 4 are fitted into the bearing seats. Three fixed angles 20 are evenly distributed inside the housing. The fixed angles 20 are in the shape of inverted isosceles triangular rods, and the interior angles of the fixed angles 20 are 120 degrees. The fixed angles 20 are located between two adjacent sets of conductor frames and serve to fix and support the conductor frame 3. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frames (3) are connected in a star configuration. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frames 3 are led out from the rear end cover of the housing 2. The triangular cylinder 23 may have many heat dissipation holes, and a cooling fan is provided at the rear end of the shaft 10.

[0046] The aforementioned triangular distributed magnetic point motor generally uses Hall position sensors and Hall-less controllers to control the motor. Other types of position sensors 6 include one or more of electromagnetic position sensors, magnetic position sensors, and photoelectric position sensors. The housing contains an electromagnetic induction coil, or a Hall position sensor at the tail end of the shaft, or a rotary transformer at the tail end of the shaft, or a magnetic encoder, or a photosensitive signal sensor in the housing. The current, through the feedback of the position sensor 6 and the control of the motor controller, causes the current switch of the conductor frame to change as the magnetic field rotates to a certain position. The magnetic field direction of the radial magnet always rotates synchronously with the rotating magnetic field of the three-phase conductor frame.

[0047] This motor can be installed in two ways: horizontal and vertical. In the horizontal installation, the bottom surface of the housing 2 has a base frame with screw holes. In the vertical installation, the front end of the housing 2 has a base frame with screw holes. The sides of the housing 2 have wire lead-out holes and screw holes. The rear cover has a wiring bridge and an insulating box. The outer surface of the housing has heat sinks distributed axially. The shaft extends from the rear cover and connects to a cooling fan. The rear end cover has a fan cover. Alternatively, the rear end cover may have wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and may also have a wiring bridge and an insulating box.

[0048] The radial magnet is a magnetic roller composed of one or more radial permanent magnets arranged in the same magnetic field direction. The magnetic roller is a radial N-S dual magnetic field. The magnetic roller is cylindrical with both ends sealed. The permanent magnet is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder. Alternatively, the surface of the magnetic roller is toothed, with a concave surface that is narrower than the bottom and a magnetic strip embedded therein. Or, the permanent magnet is pasted on the surface of the magnetic roller. The radial permanent magnet is reinforced by a stainless steel cylinder or by wrapping the radial permanent magnet with carbon fiber cloth.

[0049] The operation of the delta-distributed magnetic point motor is similar to that of a three-phase AC synchronous permanent magnet motor. First, the motor controller converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power output synchronized with the radial magnetic rotor 1. Symmetrically distributed three-phase conductor frames 3 are supplied with symmetrical three-phase currents, generating a rotating magnetic field in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference, dragging the radial magnetic rotor 1 to rotate within the conductor frames 3. The electronic conversion process of the motor operation can be completed by the LGBT module or MOS module motor controller. Through feedback from the position sensor, or by the measurement and control of the back electromotive force of the conductor frames 3, the current switching of the conductor frames 3 changes synchronously with the direction of magnetic field rotation. The current direction and electromagnetic field direction corresponding to the radial NS diode magnetic field direction remain unchanged.

[0050] Under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, the starting method of the delta-distributed magnetic point motor can adopt the starting method of an AC asynchronous motor. The radial magnet 11 has a metal cylinder surrounding the radial permanent magnet, forming a short-circuit ring. The length of the metal cylinder is equal to or greater than the length of the permanent magnet. The metal cylinder has metal rings at both ends, and the metal cylinder is made of aluminum, copper, or silver short tubes. This allows for direct motor starting under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, such as a 50 Hz three-phase power supply, without the need for a motor controller and position sensor, simplifying the operation and reducing application costs.

[0051] As in one of the inventors' motors, the radial magnet 11 is a cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet with a radial two-pole magnetic field. The radial magnet 11 has an axial through hole. The shaft 10 is made of bearing steel. The shaft 10 passes through the through hole of the radial magnet 11 and is then bonded and fixed with strong adhesive to form a radial magnetic rotor 1. The radial magnet 11 has steps at both ends, and the steps are stainless steel collars that pass through the shaft 10 and are fixed at both ends of the radial magnet 11 to lock the distance between the radial magnet 11 and the bearing 4. The housing 2 is a hexagonal cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three short equilateral surfaces. Three fixed angles 20 are evenly distributed inside the housing 2. The fixed angles 20 are inverted isosceles triangular rods with an interior angle of 120 degrees. The fixed angles 20 are located between two adjacent sets of wire frames. The front and rear covers of the housing 2 have bearing seats at their centers, and bearings 4 are installed thereon. The wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding. The wire frame 3 is wound with self-adhesive enameled wire or reinforced with epoxy resin. The frame 3 is arranged on the three sides of the triangular tube, with the radial magnetic rotor 1 nested in the middle. The three-phase conductor frames 3 are distributed at 60 degrees. Each of the three-phase conductor frames 3 is fitted with a three-arc silicon steel laminated iron core. The three arc silicon steel laminated iron cores are arranged in an equilateral triangle and combined to form a stator 5 with a circular opening. The circular opening of the stator 5 is fitted with the radial magnet 11. The axial height of the stator 5 is equal to or greater than the axial height of the radial magnet 11. The diameter of the circular opening of the stator 5 is greater than the diameter of the radial magnet 11. The three-phase conductor frames 3 adopt a star connection. The three tail ends of the W, U, and V three-phase lines are connected in parallel. The three heads of W, U, and V are led out from the rear cover of the housing 2. A Hall position sensor is installed on the rear cover of the housing 2. The motor speed is controlled by a brushless motor driver.

[0052] Implement column 3, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7The image shows a triangular distributed magnetic point motor, comprising a radial magnetic rotor 1, a housing 2, a conductor frame 3, and a bearing 4. Specific technical features include: the radial magnetic rotor 1 comprising a shaft 10 and a radial magnet 11, the radial magnet 11 being a magnetic roller formed by a radial N / S dipolar magnetic field; the shaft 10 being tightly connected to the radial magnet 11; and the radial magnet 11 being coaxially mounted with the shaft 10; steps, grooves, or retaining springs on both sides of the shaft of the radial magnet for fixing the position of the shaft and bearing. In miniature magnetic point motors, the radial magnet 11 is generally a single radial N / S permanent magnet, typically made of neodymium iron boron magnets or ferrite magnets. A cooling fan is located at the rear end of the radial magnetic rotor 1. The large motor uses a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial permanent magnets arranged in the same magnetic field direction. The magnetic roller has a radial NS two-pole magnetic field. The surface of the magnetic roller is toothed, with a concave surface that is narrower and wider at the bottom, and magnetic strips are embedded therein. Alternatively, the permanent magnets are pasted on the surface of the magnetic roller. Generally, the radial permanent magnets 11 are reinforced with high-strength stainless steel cylinders, or the radial permanent magnets 11 are reinforced by wrapping with carbon fiber cloth.

[0053] The conductor frame 3 is disposed within the housing 2. The conductor frame 3 is a rectangular conductor winding, typically made of enameled copper wire with a round or flat cross-section. The conductor frame 3 is reinforced with epoxy resin to enhance structural stress. The conductor frame 3 has three phases, which are evenly distributed along the 60-degree equilateral triangle around the circumference of the radial magnetic rotor 1. The conductor frame 3 encloses the radial magnet 11. The current direction of the conductor frame 3 is along the axial direction and end face of the radial magnet 11, forming a closed electromagnetic field. The ends of the three-phase conductor frame 3 are connected in a star configuration or a delta configuration. A rotating magnetic field is formed in the conductor frame 3 through a motor controller. There is a rotational gap between the conductor frame 3 and the radial magnet 11. The housing 2 and the conductor frame 3 are fixed, while the radial magnet 11 rotates relative to the conductor frame 3. The radial magnet 11 rotates together with the shaft 10.

[0054] The housing 2 is a fixing component that supports the wire frame 3 and the radial magnetic rotor 1. The housing 2 has bearing seats at both ends. It is a triangular cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three sector rods 23. It has equilateral triangular cover plates 22 at both ends. Alternatively, the housing 2 is a triangular skeleton composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 and three sector rods 23. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 23 are rounded. The sector rods 23 have a fan angle of 120 degrees. The bearing seats are located at the center of the two equilateral triangular cover plates 22. The shaft 10 of the radial magnetic rotor 1 is equipped with bearings 4 at both ends. The bearings 4 are fitted into the bearing seats. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 22 have screw holes. The two ends of the sector rods 23 have screw holes. The two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 and the three sector rods 23 are connected by bolts. The triangular skeleton is fitted with a triangular cylinder. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frame 3 are connected in a star configuration. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frame 3 are led out from the equilateral triangular cover plate 22 at the rear end of the housing 2. The triangular tube may have many heat dissipation holes, and a cooling fan may be provided at the rear end of the shaft 10. Alternatively, a liquid cooling pipe may be provided on the housing 2, and the cooling pipe may have inlet and outlet connections to a water pump system or an oil pump system. The motor may be cooled by water cooling or oil cooling.

[0055] The aforementioned triangular distributed magnetic point motor generally uses Hall position sensors and Hall-less controllers to control the motor. Other types of position sensors 6 include one or more of electromagnetic position sensors, magnetic position sensors, and photoelectric position sensors. The housing contains an electromagnetic induction coil, or a Hall position sensor at the tail end of the shaft, or a rotary transformer at the tail end of the shaft, or a magnetic encoder, or a photosensitive signal sensor in the housing. The current, through the feedback of the position sensor 6 and the control of the motor controller, causes the current switch of the conductor frame to change as the magnetic field rotates to a certain position. The magnetic field direction of the radial magnet always rotates synchronously with the rotating magnetic field of the three-phase conductor frame.

[0056] This motor can be installed in two ways: horizontal and vertical. When installed horizontally, the bottom surface of the housing 2 has a base frame with screw holes. When installed vertically, the front end of the housing 2 has a base frame with screw holes.

[0057] The radial magnet is a magnetic roller composed of one or more radial permanent magnets arranged in the same magnetic field direction. The magnetic roller is a radial N-S dual magnetic field. The magnetic roller is cylindrical with both ends sealed. The permanent magnet is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder. Alternatively, the surface of the magnetic roller is toothed, with a concave surface that is narrower than the bottom and a magnetic strip embedded therein. Or, the permanent magnet is pasted on the surface of the magnetic roller. The radial permanent magnet is reinforced by a stainless steel cylinder or by wrapping the radial permanent magnet with carbon fiber cloth.

[0058] The operation of the delta-distributed magnetic point motor is similar to that of a three-phase AC synchronous permanent magnet motor. First, the motor controller converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power output synchronized with the radial magnetic rotor 1. Symmetrically distributed three-phase conductor frames 3 are supplied with symmetrical three-phase currents, generating a rotating magnetic field in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference, dragging the radial magnetic rotor 1 to rotate within the conductor frames 3. The electronic conversion process of the motor operation can be completed by the LGBT module or MOS module motor controller. Through feedback from the position sensor, or by the measurement and control of the back electromotive force of the conductor frames 3, the current switching of the conductor frames 3 changes synchronously with the direction of magnetic field rotation. The current direction and electromagnetic field direction corresponding to the radial NS diode magnetic field direction remain unchanged.

[0059] Under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, the starting method of the delta-distributed magnetic point motor can adopt the starting method of an AC asynchronous motor. The radial magnet 11 has a metal cylinder surrounding the radial permanent magnet, forming a short-circuit ring. The length of the metal cylinder is equal to or greater than the length of the permanent magnet. The metal cylinder has metal rings at both ends, and the metal cylinder is made of aluminum, copper, or silver short tubes. This allows for direct motor starting under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, such as a 50 Hz three-phase power supply, without the need for a motor controller and position sensor, simplifying the operation and reducing application costs.

[0060] As in the present invention, in a motor, the radial magnet 11 is a cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet with a radial dipolar magnetic field. The radial magnet 11 has an axial through hole. The shaft 10 is made of bearing steel and passes through the through hole of the radial magnet 11. They are then bonded together with strong adhesive to form a radial magnetic rotor 1. The radial magnet 11 has steps at both ends, and the steps are stainless steel collars that pass through the shaft 10 and are fixed at both ends of the radial magnet 11 to lock the distance between the radial magnet 11 and the bearing 4. The housing 2 is composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 and three sector rods 23. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 22 are rounded, and the sector rods 23 have a fan angle of 120 degrees. The two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 have bearing seats at their centers, where bearings 4 are installed. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 22 have screw holes, and the two ends of the sector rods 23 have screw holes at their centers, with bolts connecting the two equilateral triangular cover plates 22. The triangular cover plate 22 and three fan-shaped bars 23 are used. The shafts 10 at both ends of the radial magnet 11 pass through the bearing 4. The conductor frame 3 is a rectangular conductor winding. The conductor frame 3 is wound with self-adhesive enameled wire or reinforced with epoxy resin. The conductor frame 3 is distributed on the three sides inside the triangular tube, with the radial magnetic rotor 1 nested in the middle. The three-phase conductor frames 3 are distributed at 60 degrees and adopt a star connection. The three tail ends of the W, U, and V three-phase lines are connected in parallel. The three heads of W, U, and V are led out from the rear cover of the housing 2. The rear cover of the housing 2 may be equipped with a Hall position sensor. The motor speed is controlled by a brushless motor driver. The triangular housing frame of this triangular distributed magnetic point motor can be hollow. The conductor frame 3 is clamped and fixed by the two equilateral triangular cover plates 22, or it is fitted with a triangular tube. The triangular tube is a 304 stainless steel fence structure to reduce eddy current losses.

[0061] Implement column 4, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 8The image shows a triangular distributed magnetic point motor, comprising a radial magnetic rotor 1, a housing 2, a conductor frame 3, and a bearing 4. The radial magnetic rotor 1 includes a shaft 10 and a radial magnet 11. The radial magnet 11 is a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial N-S dipolar magnetic fields misaligned within a 90-degree axial direction. The shaft 10 is tightly connected to the radial magnet 11, and the radial magnet 11 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 10. The shaft has steps, grooves, or retaining springs on both sides of the radial magnet to fix the position of the shaft and bearing. In miniature magnetic point motors, the radial magnet 11 is typically a single radial N-S permanent magnet, and the rear end of the radial magnetic rotor 1 has a cooling fan. The large motor uses a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial permanent magnets arranged in the same magnetic field direction. The magnetic roller has a radial NS two-pole magnetic field. The surface of the magnetic roller is toothed, with a concave surface that is narrower and wider at the bottom, and magnetic strips are embedded therein. Alternatively, the permanent magnets are pasted on the surface of the magnetic roller. Generally, the radial permanent magnets 11 are reinforced with high-strength stainless steel cylinders, or the radial permanent magnets 11 are reinforced by wrapping with carbon fiber cloth.

[0062] The conductor frame 3 is disposed inside the housing 2. The conductor frame 3 is a rectangular conductor winding. The conductor frame 3 is generally made of copper enameled wire or aluminum enameled wire, and the cross-section is a round conductor or a flat conductor. The conductor frame 3 is reinforced with epoxy resin to strengthen the structural stress. The conductor frame 3 has three phases, which are evenly distributed along the 60-degree equilateral triangle around the radial magnetic rotor 1. Each of the three conductor frames 3 is fitted with three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron cores, which are distributed in an equilateral triangle and combined to form a stator 5 with a circular opening. The radial magnet 11 is fitted into the circular opening of the stator 5. The axial height of the stator 5 is equal to or greater than the axial height of the radial magnet 11, and the diameter of the circular opening of the stator 5 is greater than the diameter of the radial magnet 11. The current direction of the conductor frame 3 is along the axial direction and end face of the stator 5, forming a closed electromagnetic field. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frame 3 are connected in a star connection or a delta connection. Through the motor controller, a rotating magnetic field is formed in the conductor frame 3. The housing 2 and the stator 5 are fixed, while the radial magnet 11 rotates relative to the circular opening of the stator 5. The radial magnet 11 rotates together with the shaft 10.

[0063] The aforementioned triangular distributed magnetic point motor has a motor controller. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor calculates and controls the back electromotive force of the conductor frame through the motor controller, so that the current switch of the conductor frame changes as the magnetic field rotates to a certain position. The magnetic field direction of the radial magnet always keeps synchronous rotation with the rotating magnetic field of the three-phase conductor frame.

[0064] The housing 2 is a fixing component that supports the wire frame 3 and the radial magnetic rotor 1. The housing 2 has bearing seats at both ends. It is a triangular cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three sector rods 23. It has equilateral triangular cover plates 22 at both ends. Alternatively, the housing 2 is a triangular skeleton composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 and three sector rods 23. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 23 are rounded. The sector rods 23 have a fan angle of 120 degrees. The bearing seats are located at the center of the two equilateral triangular cover plates 22. The shaft 10 of the radial magnetic rotor 1 is equipped with bearings 4 at both ends. The bearings 4 are fitted into the bearing seats. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 22 have screw holes. The two ends of the sector rods 23 have screw holes. The two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 and the three sector rods 23 are connected by bolts. The triangular skeleton is fitted with a triangular cylinder. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frame 3 are connected in a star configuration. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frame 3 are led out from the equilateral triangular cover plate 22 at the rear end of the housing 2. The triangular tube may have many heat dissipation holes, and a cooling fan may be provided at the rear end of the shaft 10. Alternatively, a liquid cooling pipe may be provided on the housing 2, and the cooling pipe may have inlet and outlet connections to a water pump system or an oil pump system. The motor may be cooled by water cooling or oil cooling.

[0065] The aforementioned triangular distributed magnetic point motor generally uses Hall position sensors and Hall-less controllers to control the motor. Other types of position sensors 6 include one or more of electromagnetic position sensors, magnetic position sensors, and photoelectric position sensors. The housing contains an electromagnetic induction coil, or a Hall position sensor at the tail end of the shaft, or a rotary transformer at the tail end of the shaft, or a magnetic encoder, or a photosensitive signal sensor in the housing. The current, through the feedback of the position sensor 6 and the control of the motor controller, causes the current switch of the conductor frame to change as the magnetic field rotates to a certain position. The magnetic field direction of the radial magnet always rotates synchronously with the rotating magnetic field of the three-phase conductor frame.

[0066] This motor can be installed in two ways: horizontal and vertical. In the horizontal installation, the bottom surface of the housing 2 has a base frame with screw holes. In the vertical installation, the front end of the housing 2 has a base frame with screw holes. The sides of the housing 2 have wire lead-out holes and screw holes. The rear cover has a wiring bridge and an insulating box. The outer surface of the housing has heat sinks distributed axially. The shaft extends from the rear cover and connects to a cooling fan. The rear end cover has a fan cover. Alternatively, the rear end cover may have wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and may also have a wiring bridge and an insulating box.

[0067] The operation of the delta-distributed magnetic point motor is similar to that of a three-phase AC synchronous permanent magnet motor. First, the motor controller converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power output synchronized with the radial magnetic rotor 1. Symmetrically distributed three-phase conductor frames 3 are supplied with symmetrical three-phase currents, generating a rotating magnetic field in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference, dragging the radial magnetic rotor 1 to rotate within the conductor frames 3. The electronic conversion process of the motor operation can be completed by the LGBT module or MOS module motor controller. Through feedback from the position sensor, or by the measurement and control of the back electromotive force of the conductor frames 3, the current switching of the conductor frames 3 changes synchronously with the direction of magnetic field rotation. The current direction and electromagnetic field direction corresponding to the radial NS diode magnetic field direction remain unchanged.

[0068] Under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, the starting method of the delta distributed magnetic point motor can adopt the starting method of an AC asynchronous motor. The radial magnet 11 is surrounded by a metal cylinder to form a short-circuit ring. The length of the metal cylinder is equal to or greater than the length of the permanent magnet. There are metal rings at both ends of the metal cylinder. The metal cylinder is an aluminum short tube, a copper short tube, or a silver short tube. In this way, the motor can be started directly under the inherent operating frequency and speed conditions, such as 50 Hz inherent power frequency three-phase electricity, without the need for a motor controller and position sensor, simplifying the working process and reducing application costs.

[0069] As in one of the inventors' motors, the radial magnet 11 is a cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet with a radial two-pole magnetic field. The radial magnet 11 has an axial through hole. The shaft 10 is made of bearing steel. The shaft 10 passes through the through hole of the radial magnet 11 and is then bonded and fixed with strong adhesive to form a radial magnetic rotor 1. The radial magnet 11 has steps at both ends, and the steps are stainless steel collars that pass through the shaft 10 and are fixed to the two ends of the radial magnet 11 to lock the distance between the radial magnet 11 and the bearing 4. The housing 2 is composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 and three sector rods 23. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 22 are rounded, and the sector rods 23 have a fan angle of 120 degrees. The two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 have bearing seats at their centers, and bearings 4 are installed thereon. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 22 have screw holes, and the two ends of the sector rods 23 have screw holes at their centers. The two equilateral triangular cover plates 22 and the three sector rods 23 are connected by bolts. The shaft 10 at both ends of the radial magnet 11 passes through the bearings 4. The wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding, and the wire frame 3 is self-adhesive. The conductor frame 3 is made of enameled wire or reinforced with epoxy resin. The conductor frame 3 is distributed on three sides inside the triangular tube, with the radial magnetic rotor 1 nested in the middle. The three-phase conductor frames 3 are distributed at 60 degrees. Each of the three-phase conductor frames 3 is fitted with three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron cores. The three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron cores are distributed in an equilateral triangle and combined to form a stator 5 with a circular opening. The circular opening of the stator 5 is fitted with the radial magnet 11. The axial height of the stator 5 is equal to or greater than the axial height of the radial magnet 11. The diameter of the circular opening of the stator 5 is greater than the diameter of the radial magnet 11. The three-phase conductor frames 3 adopt a star connection. The three tail ends of the W, U, and V three-phase lines are connected in parallel. The three heads of W, U, and V are led out from the rear cover of the housing 2. The rear cover of the housing 2 may be equipped with a Hall position sensor. The motor speed is controlled by a brushless motor driver. The triangular housing frame of this triangular distributed magnetic point motor can be hollow, and the conductor frame 3 is clamped and fixed by two equilateral triangular cover plates 22, or it is fitted with a triangular tube. The triangular tube is a 304 stainless steel fence structure to reduce eddy current losses.

[0070] The above-described embodiments are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A triangular distributed magnetic point motor, comprising a radial magnetic rotor (1), a housing (2), a conductor frame (3), and a bearing (4), characterized in that: The radial magnetic rotor (1) includes a shaft (10) and a radial magnet (11). The radial magnet (11) is a magnetic roller composed of a radial N-S dual magnetic field. The shaft (10) is tightly connected to the radial magnet (11). The radial magnet (11) and the shaft (10) are coaxially mounted. The housing (2) is a fixing component that supports the wire frame (3) and the radial magnetic rotor (1). The housing (2) is a triangular cylinder or a triangular structure with a cover at one or both ends. There is a bearing seat at the center of both ends of the housing (2). The shaft (10) of the radial magnetic rotor (1) is equipped with a bearing (4). The bearing (4) is installed in the bearing seat at the center of both ends of the housing (2). One end of the shaft (10) extends out as a power output shaft. The wire frame (3) is set inside the housing (2). The wire frame (3) is a rectangular wire winding. The wire frame (3) has three phases. The three-phase wire frames (3) are evenly distributed along the 60-degree equilateral triangle around the circumference of the radial magnetic rotor (1). The wire frame (3) is fitted with the radial magnet (11). The current direction of the wire frame (3) is around the axial direction and end face of the radial magnet (11) to form a closed electromagnetic field. The wire ends of the three-phase wire frames (3) are connected in a star connection or in a delta connection. There is a rotation gap between the wire frame (3) and the radial magnet (11). The housing (2) and the wire frame (3) are fixed. The radial magnet (11) rotates relative to the wire frame (3).

2. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase conductor frame (3) is fitted with three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron cores respectively. The three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron cores are distributed in an equilateral triangle and combined to form a stator (5) with a circular opening. The circular opening of the stator (5) is fitted with the radial magnet (11). The axial height of the stator (5) is equal to or greater than the axial height of the radial magnet (11). The diameter of the circular opening of the stator (5) is greater than the diameter of the radial magnet (11).

3. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: A position sensor (6) is installed on the rear cover of the housing (2). The position sensor (6) includes one of an electromagnetic position sensor, a magnetic position sensor, and a photoelectric position sensor. The housing (2) contains an electromagnetic induction coil, or a Hall position sensor at the output end of the shaft (10), or a rotary transformer at the tail end of the shaft (10), or a magnetic encoder, or a photosensitive signal sensor inside the housing.

4. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (2) is a hexagonal cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three short equilateral surfaces. The housing (2) has a front cover and a rear cover. The front cover and the rear cover of the housing (2) have bearing seats at their centers. Three fixed angles (20) are evenly distributed inside the housing (2). The fixed angles (20) are in the shape of inverted isosceles triangular rods. The interior angle of the fixed angles (20) is 120 degrees. The fixed angles (20) are located between two adjacent sets of conductor frames. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frames (3) are led out from the rear cover of the housing (2).

5. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (2) is a triangular cylinder composed of three long equilateral surfaces and three sector rods (23), with equilateral triangular cover plates (22) at both ends. Alternatively, the housing (2) is a triangular skeleton composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates (22) and three sector rods (23). The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates (22) are rounded, and the sector rods (23) have a fan angle of 120 degrees. The two equilateral triangular cover plates (22) have a bearing seat at their center. The three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates (22) have screw holes. The two ends of the sector rods (23) have screw holes at their center. The two equilateral triangular cover plates (22) and the three sector rods (23) are connected by bolts. The triangular skeleton is fitted with a triangular cylinder. The wire ends of the three-phase conductor frame (3) are led out from the equilateral triangular cover plate (22) at the rear end of the housing (2).

6. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The radial magnetic rotor (1) has a cooling fan at its rear end, or the shaft (10) extends from the rear cover of the housing (2) and is connected to a cooling fan, and the rear cover of the housing (2) has a fan cover.

7. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The radial magnet (11) is a magnetic roller composed of multiple radial permanent magnets arranged in the same magnetic field direction. The magnetic roller is a radial NS two-pole magnetic field. The surface of the magnetic roller is toothed, with a narrow concave surface and a wide bottom, and magnetic strips are embedded therein. Alternatively, permanent magnets are pasted on the surface of the magnetic roller, and the radial permanent magnets are reinforced by a stainless steel cylindrical sleeve, or the radial permanent magnets are reinforced by wrapping with carbon fiber cloth.

8. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The radial magnet (11) is a radial permanent magnet. A metal cylinder surrounds the radial permanent magnet to form a short-circuit ring. The length of the metal cylinder is equal to or greater than the length of the radial permanent magnet. There are metal rings at both ends of the metal cylinder.

9. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The triangular tube may be multiple triangular rings, or the triangular tube may be a spiral structure, or the triangular tube may be a fence structure.

10. The triangular distributed magnetic point motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The shafts on both sides of the radial magnet have steps, or have slots and retaining rings.

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