An indoor and outdoor positioning tag based on UWB

Abstract

The application discloses an indoor and outdoor positioning label based on UWB, which integrates a UWB module, an antenna module, a motion sensor and a power module on a single circuit board, and is provided with an antenna in the top of the shell, and is compact in structure, small in size and light in weight. The UWB module has bidirectional ranging and signal processing functions, the motion sensor can detect the dynamic state of the label, intelligently adjusts the positioning frequency, reduces static power consumption and improves energy efficiency. The design significantly prolongs the battery life under the premise of ensuring the positioning accuracy, is suitable for human wearing or goods tracking scenes and has good practicability and application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of positioning technology, and in particular relates to an indoor and outdoor positioning tag based on UWB. Background Technology

[0002] UWB positioning tags utilize ultra-wideband signals to perform two-way ranging (TWR) and phase difference of arrival (PDOA) positioning with base stations, enabling real-time location tracking with centimeter-level accuracy in complex indoor and outdoor environments. They are widely used in personnel and asset security management. Traditional solutions require the design of dedicated tag types for different application scenarios (such as personnel, equipment, and safety helmets), resulting in complex product styles and high selection and management costs. Furthermore, tags consume excessive power during continuous high-frequency positioning, and maintaining a high refresh rate in static scenarios leads to energy waste, limiting the battery life of miniaturized devices (typically only a few days). In addition, achieving 3D positioning relies on multi-base station collaborative calculations, resulting in complex and costly hardware deployment. Most tags also lack universal environmental adaptability for both indoor and outdoor environments, making it difficult to meet stable requirements under complex conditions such as dust and rain. Utility Model Content

[0003] (I) Purpose of the utility model

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an indoor and outdoor positioning tag based on UWB, so as to solve the technical problems of UWB positioning tags having complex forms and difficult management due to scene customization, as well as short battery life (usually only a few days) under high frequency positioning, high cost of deployment of three-dimensional positioning relying on multiple base stations, and lack of adaptability to indoor and outdoor environments.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided in this application is as follows:

[0007] An indoor / outdoor positioning tag based on UWB includes: a shell, a UWB module, an antenna module, a motion sensor, and a power module; characterized in that: a circuit board is fixedly installed inside the shell; the UWB module has bidirectional ranging and positioning functions and is configured to process positioning signals; the antenna module is radio frequency connected to the UWB module; the motion sensor is fixed on the circuit board and electrically connected to the UWB module to detect the movement state of the positioning tag; and the power module is electrically connected to the circuit board and supplies power to all components.

[0008] By integrating the UWB module, motion sensor, and power module onto a single circuit board and adopting a compact layout with a built-in antenna module, a high degree of hardware integration is achieved. This significantly reduces the size and weight of the device while maintaining functionality. At the same time, the motion sensor can dynamically adjust the positioning frequency based on the current motion state of the positioning tag (carried by the human body or fixed to the cargo), avoiding ineffective power consumption in static scenarios and achieving intelligent energy consumption optimization. This maximizes battery life while maintaining positioning accuracy.

[0009] In some embodiments, the antenna module is positioned perpendicular to the plane of the circuit board.

[0010] By vertically arranging the antennas, omnidirectional signal coverage is enhanced, high-frequency signal transmission loss is significantly reduced, and positioning stability and anti-interference capabilities are improved.

[0011] In some embodiments, the motion sensor is a triaxial accelerometer configured to switch the positioning refresh frequency according to the stationary / moving state.

[0012] In some embodiments, a buzzer module is also included, which is fixed to the inner wall of the housing and electrically connected to the UWB module, the UWB module being configured to drive the buzzer to issue an alarm when the power module voltage is below a threshold.

[0013] The dual-mode early warning mechanism of local low battery alarm and remote command response improves equipment management efficiency; abnormal conditions (such as insufficient power or personnel in danger) can be fed back in time, enhancing system security.

[0014] In some embodiments, a UWB shielding cover is also included, which covers the outer surface of the UWB module and is connected to the circuit board ground plane.

[0015] Suppressing external electromagnetic noise and signal crosstalk between modules ensures the purity of UWB pulse signals, thereby improving ranging accuracy and positioning reliability.

[0016] In some embodiments, the housing includes a bottom cover and a top cover, the outer side wall of the top cover having a slot, the edge of the bottom cover covering the edge of the top cover and its side wall extending to form a locking portion that engages with the slot.

[0017] The snap-fit ​​sealing structure simplifies the assembly process, eliminates weak points in waterproofing caused by screw perforations, and provides a basic guarantee for the IP67 protection rating.

[0018] In some embodiments, a mounting plate is provided on the inner side of the bottom cover, the mounting plate has a mounting slot for accommodating the power module, and the circuit board has a magnetic charging post that penetrates the mounting plate.

[0019] After removing the bottom cover, magnetic charging can be performed, which improves the convenience of charging. The magnetic charging method also avoids the problem of water seeping into the circuit board through the socket and causing damage, which is common with conventional plug-in charging, thus improving waterproof performance.

[0020] In some embodiments, a first screw sleeve is provided at the top corner of the mounting plate, and a second screw sleeve coaxially connected to the first screw sleeve is provided at a corresponding position on the inner wall of the cover.

[0021] The mounting plate and cover are locked with screw sleeves to improve structural stability, allowing the equipment to be used in vibration environments. At the same time, screw sleeves at the four corners can disperse the stress on the joint surface and avoid seal failure caused by local deformation.

[0022] In some embodiments, an annular sealing groove is provided at the edge of the mounting plate, and an annular pressing part is provided on the inner side of the cover to press the sealing ring in the sealing groove.

[0023] The sealing ring is evenly pressurized to achieve circumferential sealing, effectively blocking the intrusion path of liquids / dust and meeting the protection requirements of harsh environments.

[0024] In some embodiments, a hanging rope hole is provided on the side wall of the face cover, and a first adhesive area is provided in the recessed bottom surface of the outer side of the bottom cover.

[0025] It offers multiple installation methods, such as hanging with ropes and fixing with adhesive, to meet the needs of different scenarios, such as wearing by personnel or attaching to equipment, thus enhancing the applicability of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag from a second perspective of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front of the faceplate of the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse side of the faceplate of the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the mounting plate in the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse side structure of the mounting plate in the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a hardware topology diagram of the UWB-based indoor and outdoor positioning tag of this utility model.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1. Outer shell; 101. Bottom cover; 1011. Snap-fit ​​part; 1012. First adhesive area; 1013. Screw hole; 102. Front cover; 1021. Slot; 1022. Annular pressing part; 1023. Hanging lanyard hole; 1024. Silicone button; 1025. Second screw sleeve; 2. Mounting plate; 201. Mounting groove; 202. Annular sealing groove; 203. First screw sleeve; 204. Second adhesive area; 3. Circuit board; 301. Magnetic charging post; 4. LED status light. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.

[0038] This utility model provides an indoor / outdoor positioning tag based on UWB, comprising: a housing 1, a UWB module, an antenna module, a motion sensor, and a power module. A circuit board 3 is installed inside the housing 1, and the UWB module is directly integrated onto the circuit board 3. Its core is a UWB chip (such as a domestically produced 1T1R architecture chip) that supports two-way ranging (TWR) and phase difference of arrival (PDOA) algorithms. The UWB chip has a built-in MCU (RISC-VN307 processor) and supports I / O. 2 The C / 2*SPI / UART / JTAG / SWDI I / O interface allows the MCU to interact with the UWB chip to calculate positioning signals. The antenna module is RF connected to the UWB module via a coaxial feed line and is embedded in the top cavity of the housing 1. The motion sensor is located adjacent to the UWB module and transmits motion data to the MCU of the UWB module via the SPI interface. The power module is a rechargeable lithium polymer battery (capacity 600mAh), controlled by the power management system, and connected to the power layer of the circuit board 3 via wires to power the entire system.

[0039] Furthermore, the antenna module adopts a 1T1R omnidirectional antenna, and the base station can use a 1T3R directional antenna to achieve three-dimensional positioning in single-base station mode. Supporting three-dimensional positioning in single-base station mode reduces the number of base stations deployed and the cost. In addition, the antenna module's radiating surface is mounted perpendicular to plane 3 of the circuit board (e.g., using a ceramic patch antenna), which enhances horizontal omnidirectional signal coverage.

[0040] Preferably, the motion sensor is a three-axis accelerometer (such as a MEMS model), whose detection logic is as follows: when the acceleration change value is below a threshold for 5 consecutive seconds, it is determined to be a stationary state, and the positioning refresh frequency is switched to 0.1Hz; if the acceleration change exceeds the threshold, it is determined to be a moving state, and the frequency is increased to 1Hz. Alternatively, a six-axis inertial sensor (accelerometer combined with gyroscope) can be used to improve the accuracy of state recognition.

[0041] Building upon this, this application adds a buzzer module (passive piezoelectric type), whose drive pin is connected to the GPIO of the UWB module. Notably, the UWB module's MCU monitors the power supply voltage in real time. When the voltage is detected to be below the 3.3V threshold, it immediately outputs a PWM pulse to drive the buzzer to emit an 85dB intermittent alarm tone. Furthermore, this buzzer can also respond to SOS commands issued by the base station to trigger an emergency alarm.

[0042] It is worth noting that a dual-color LED status light 4 (battery status light and UWB status light) is embedded in the top of the housing 1. Its common anode pin is connected to the GPIO output of the MCU in the UWB module, and the cathode is directly grounded. A 0.5mm thick semi-transparent PC light guide column is covered above the light body and precisely flush with the top plane of the housing 1 by ultrasonic welding to ensure IP67 sealing. The working logic of this status light is as follows:

[0043] When the power management module reports a voltage below 3.3V, the MCU drives a red light to flash once per second (synchronized with a buzzer alarm).

[0044] When the UWB base station signal strength is continuously greater than -85dBm, the green light flashes once every 2 seconds to indicate normal communication; if the base station signal is lost for more than 30 seconds, an abnormal alarm will be triggered, with the red light flashing rapidly 3 times in a row before turning off.

[0045] Preferably, a single dual-color LED is used to integrate the indicator function; alternatively, two 0402 SMD LEDs can be set separately and arranged side by side on the edge of the housing 1 through light guide grooves to adapt to space-constrained scenarios.

[0046] Specifically, the outer casing 1 is equipped with a silicone button 1024, which corresponds to the control switch on the circuit board 3. By pressing the silicone button 1024, the control switch on the circuit board 3 can be pressed to realize operations such as turning the device on and off, and pressing to stop after the buzzer alarm.

[0047] To achieve electromagnetic shielding, the surface of the UWB module is covered with a 0.2mm thick metal shield. This shield is connected to the ground layer of the circuit board 3 through solder joints around its perimeter, forming a Faraday cage structure to block external GSM / Bluetooth signal interference and suppress internal radio frequency crosstalk.

[0048] Specifically, the outer casing 1 consists of a bottom cover 101 and a top cover 102. The side wall of the top cover 102 has a rectangular slot 1021 with a depth of 2mm. The bottom cover 101 has an overlay design at its edges, with its two side walls extending axially to form a locking portion 1011. The locking portion 1011 is equipped with locking blocks. During assembly, the locking blocks are interference-fitted into the slot 1021 of the top cover 102, achieving screwless locking. Specifically, when the bottom cover 101 and the top cover 102 are assembled, the edge of the bottom cover 101 can cover the opening edge of the top cover 102.

[0049] Specifically, the housing 1 contains an internal mounting plate with a rectangular mounting slot 201 in the center to accommodate the power module. Multiple magnetic charging posts 301 extend from the circuit board 3, vertically penetrating the mounting plate. The bottom surface of each post is precisely flush with the bottom surface of the mounting plate, forming charging contacts (made of gold-plated brass). Thus, when charging is required, the bottom cover 101 is removed to expose the charging contacts, allowing an external magnetic charger to automatically attract and activate the charging circuit. A wireless charging coil can also be used as an alternative charging interface.

[0050] Specifically, the back of the mounting plate has a second adhesive area 204 for attaching a QR code sticker with product information, and the bottom cover 101 provides waterproof and scratch-resistant protection for the QR code sticker.

[0051] To reinforce the structure, the mounting plate has four corners with first screw sleeves 203 (inner diameter 1.4mm) with a height of 4mm. The inner wall of the cover 102 is recessed at the corresponding position to form a coaxial second screw sleeve 1025. The two are screwed together and locked with self-tapping screws. This four-point distributed connection can evenly distribute vibration stress and prevent deformation of the outer shell 1.

[0052] Preferably, the mounting plate has an annular sealing groove 202 with a width of 1.5mm machined on its edge, and a silicone sealing ring is embedded in the groove. The inner side of the cover 102 is designed with an annular pressing part 1022. When the cover is closed, the annular pressing part 1022 is embedded into the sealing groove to compress the sealing ring, thereby achieving an IP67 dustproof and waterproof seal.

[0053] Preferably, the side wall of the face cover 102 has a 2mm diameter lanyard hole 1023 for threading a nylon lanyard; the bottom surface of the bottom cover 101 has a first adhesive area 1012 with a depth of 0.5mm, which can be attached with 3M VHB double-sided tape (0.8mm thick) to achieve device adhesion and installation, suitable for helmets, instruments and other scenarios.

[0054] Specifically, screw holes 1013 are provided on the bottom cover 101, so that the positioning label can be directly installed on the carrier such as the wall or shelf.

[0055] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be included within its protection scope. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A UWB-based indoor / outdoor positioning tag, comprising: The housing (1), UWB module, antenna module, motion sensor and power module are characterized in that a circuit board (3) is fixedly provided inside the housing (1), the UWB module has bidirectional ranging and positioning functions and is configured to process positioning signals, the antenna module is radio frequency connected to the UWB module, the motion sensor is fixed on the circuit board (3) and electrically connected to the UWB module to detect the motion state of the positioning tag, and the power module is electrically connected to the circuit board (3) and supplies power to each component. The antenna module is positioned perpendicular to the plane of the circuit board (3); It also includes: a UWB shielding cover, which covers the outer surface of the UWB module and is connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board (3); The outer casing (1) includes a bottom cover (101) and a top cover (102). The outer side wall of the top cover (102) is provided with a slot (1021). The edge of the bottom cover (101) covers the edge of the top cover (102) and its side wall extends to form a locking part (1011) that engages with the slot (1021).

2. The UWB-based indoor / outdoor positioning tag as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The motion sensor is a three-axis accelerometer, configured to switch the positioning refresh frequency according to the stationary / moving state.

3. The UWB-based indoor / outdoor positioning tag as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A buzzer module is fixed to the inner wall of the housing (1) and electrically connected to the UWB module, the UWB module being configured to drive the buzzer to issue an alarm when the power module voltage is below a threshold.

4. The UWB-based indoor / outdoor positioning tag as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom cover (101) has an inner mounting plate (2) with a mounting slot (201) for accommodating the power module. The circuit board (3) has a magnetic charging post (301) that penetrates the mounting plate (2).

5. The UWB-based indoor / outdoor positioning tag as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting plate (2) has a first screw sleeve (203) at its top corner, and the inner wall of the cover (102) has a second screw sleeve (1025) that is coaxially connected to the first screw sleeve (203) at the corresponding position.

6. The UWB-based indoor / outdoor positioning tag as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting plate (2) has an annular sealing groove (202) on its edge, and the inner side of the cover (102) is provided with an annular pressing part (1022) for pressing the sealing ring in the annular sealing groove (202).

7. The UWB-based indoor / outdoor positioning tag as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The face cover (102) has a hanging rope hole (1023) on its side wall, and the bottom cover (101) has a first adhesive area (1012) recessed on its outer bottom surface.

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