Perovskite cell assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of perovskite battery components, including from top to bottom stacked perovskite battery layer, upper light conversion packaging layer and high reflection layer, the high reflection layer is equipped with reflecting film on the surface close to upper light conversion packaging layer, the upper light conversion packaging layer converts long-wavelength light not absorbed by perovskite battery layer into short-wavelength light, light passes through perovskite battery layer and upper light conversion packaging layer, and is reflected back perovskite battery layer by high reflection layer.The utility model perovskite battery component, long-wavelength light not absorbed by perovskite battery layer is converted into short-wavelength light by upper light conversion packaging layer, cooperate high reflection layer to reflect escape light, secondary excitation perovskite layer, reduce transmission loss, improve light utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a perovskite battery module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the perovskite layer material in single-junction perovskite solar cell modules has a high absorption coefficient in the 300-800nm ​​wavelength range, but its utilization rate for infrared light >800nm ​​is insufficient, resulting in an energy loss of about 30% of the incident light.

[0003] The metal electrode layer on the back of commercially available components has a certain reflectivity. For example, while reflective layers (such as Cu / Ag metal) can reflect unabsorbed light, the wavelength of the reflected light does not match the absorption spectrum of perovskite, making it impossible to form a closed-loop light utilization. Traditional reflective layers only reflect specific wavelengths and fail to integrate with the light conversion functional layer, resulting in light loss.

[0004] Existing symmetrical packaging structures (such as glass / encapsulation / glass coated with perovskite cell layers) are prone to interlayer delamination during aging tests at 85°C / 85%RH due to differences in the coefficients of thermal expansion at the interface. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: In order to solve the problem of light loss in the prior art, this utility model provides a perovskite solar cell module, which converts long-wavelength light that is not absorbed by the perovskite solar cell layer into short-wavelength light through the upper light conversion encapsulation layer, and uses a high-reflection layer to reflect the escape light, thereby re-exciting the perovskite layer, reducing transmission loss and improving light utilization.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a perovskite solar cell module, including a perovskite solar cell layer, an upper light conversion encapsulation layer and a high reflectivity layer stacked from top to bottom. The high reflectivity layer has a reflective film on its surface close to the upper light conversion encapsulation layer. The upper light conversion encapsulation layer converts long-wavelength light that is not absorbed by the perovskite solar cell layer into short-wavelength light. After passing through the perovskite solar cell layer and the upper light conversion encapsulation layer, the light is reflected back to the perovskite solar cell layer by the high reflectivity layer.

[0007] This novel perovskite solar cell module utilizes an upper light-converting encapsulation layer to convert infrared light (800-1100nm) into visible light (500-700nm), thereby re-exciting the perovskite layer and achieving photon recovery. The high-reflectivity layer reflects the escaped light, forming a "light trap" structure to reduce transmission loss.

[0008] Furthermore, the upconversion encapsulation layer has an upconversion nanomaterial that converts infrared light into visible light, and the thickness of the upconversion encapsulation layer is 0.3 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, a glass substrate is provided above the perovskite solar cell layer, and an encapsulation glass is provided below the high reflectivity layer. The glass substrate, perovskite solar cell layer, upper light-converting encapsulation layer, high reflectivity layer, and encapsulation glass are connected by butyl adhesive sealing lamination.

[0010] Furthermore, the refractive index of the upconversion encapsulation layer gradually decreases from the perovskite solar cell layer to the high-reflectivity layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper light-converting encapsulation layer is a gradient refractive index polymer matrix, whose gradient refractive index satisfies: n (x) =n0+(n1-n0)(x / d) k Where n0 = 2.4, n1 = 1.8, d is the thickness of the membrane, and k = 0.5 - 2.

[0012] Furthermore, the upconversion encapsulation layer includes an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer is in contact with the perovskite solar cell layer, and the outer layer is in contact with the high-reflectivity layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the reflective film is an Ag / TiO2 composite film or an all-dielectric broadband reflective film.

[0014] Furthermore, the perovskite solar cell layer includes a transparent conductive layer, a first transport layer, a perovskite light-absorbing layer, a second transport layer, and a light-emitting transparent electrode arranged sequentially.

[0015] Furthermore, a glass substrate is disposed above the perovskite solar cell layer, and an encapsulation glass is disposed below the high reflectivity layer. A vacuum interlayer is formed between the high reflectivity layer and the glass of the perovskite solar cell layer by melting and sealing.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the glass substrate to the encapsulating glass is 1:1 to 1:1.5, and the difference in their coefficients of thermal expansion is ≤2×10⁻⁶. －6 / K.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. The perovskite solar cell module of this utility model features a vertically stacked design of a perovskite solar cell layer, an upper light-converting encapsulation layer, and a high-reflectivity layer. The upper light-converting encapsulation layer converts long-wavelength light into short-wavelength light, thereby re-exciting the perovskite solar cell layer. The bottom high-reflectivity layer reflects the light, preventing light from escaping and forming a light trap structure to reduce transmission loss.

[0019] 2. The perovskite solar cell module of this utility model adopts an upper light-converting encapsulation layer with a gradient refractive index to suppress interface reflection, reduce light loss, and improve the light absorption effect of the perovskite solar cell layer. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the perovskite battery module of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the perovskite solar cell module in Example 2;

[0023] Figure 3 The EQE spectra are for Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Perovskite solar cell layer, 2. Top light-converting encapsulation layer, 21. Inner layer, 22. Middle layer, 23. Outer layer, 3. High-reflection layer, 4. Glass substrate, 5. Encapsulation glass. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Example 1, as Figure 1As shown, a perovskite solar cell module includes a perovskite solar cell layer 1, an up-conversion encapsulation layer 2, and a high-reflectivity layer 3 stacked from top to bottom. The high-reflectivity layer 3 has a reflective film on its surface close to the up-conversion encapsulation layer 2. The up-conversion encapsulation layer 2 converts long-wavelength light that is not absorbed by the perovskite solar cell layer 1 into short-wavelength light. After passing through the perovskite solar cell layer 1 and the up-conversion encapsulation layer 2, the light is reflected back to the perovskite solar cell layer 1 by the high-reflectivity layer 3.

[0029] Specifically, the upconversion encapsulation layer 2 includes a polymer matrix and a wavelength conversion material. The wavelength conversion material converts long-wavelength light in the incident light into short-wavelength light, and the light energy of the short-wavelength light is absorbed by the perovskite layer, such as core-shell structured upconversion nanoparticles with a core of NaYF43. + / Er3 + Or NaYF4:Yb3 + / Ho3 + The shell is made of SiO2 or Al2O3 with a particle size of 30-80nm. The upper light-converting encapsulation layer 2 converts infrared light (e.g., 980nm) into visible light (e.g., 540nm). Figure 1 The arrows in the diagram represent optical paths.

[0030] Preferably, the up-conversion light encapsulation layer 2 is formed by mixing NaYF4:Yb / Ho@SiO2 nanoparticles (15wt%) with POE film and hot-pressing them into an up-conversion light encapsulation film with a thickness of 0.3mm.

[0031] Specifically, the high-reflectivity film reflects both the unabsorbed incident light and the light converted by the upconversion encapsulation layer 2. The reflective film is an Ag / TiO2 composite film or a broadband reflective film made entirely of dielectric material. Preferably, the high-reflectivity layer 3 is glass, and an Ag / TiO2 composite film or a broadband reflective film made entirely of dielectric material is formed on the glass by magnetron sputtering, achieving an average reflectivity ≥95% in the 800-1500nm wavelength range.

[0032] Specifically, a glass substrate 4 is disposed above the perovskite solar cell layer 1, and an encapsulation glass 5 is disposed below the high reflectivity layer 3. The glass substrate 4, the perovskite solar cell layer 1, the upper light-converting encapsulation layer 2, the high reflectivity layer 3, and the encapsulation glass 5 are connected by a butyl adhesive sealing laminate.

[0033] Preferably, the glass substrate 4 and the encapsulation glass 5 are made of the same substrate material, and the glass substrate 4, the perovskite cell layer 1, the upper light conversion encapsulation layer 2, the high reflectivity layer 3 and the encapsulation glass 5 are connected by butyl adhesive sealing lamination.

[0034] Preferably, the thickness ratio of the glass substrate 4 to the encapsulating glass 5 is 1:1 to 1:1.5, and the difference in their coefficients of thermal expansion is ≤2×10⁻⁶. －6 / K.

[0035] Specifically, the perovskite solar cell layer 1 includes a transparent conductive layer (such as ITO), a first transport layer (such as NiOx), and a perovskite light-absorbing layer (such as Cs). 0.5 FA 0.5 PbI 2.8 Br 0.2 The perovskite solar cell consists of a second transport layer (such as SnO2) and a transparent electrode with a light-emitting surface (such as ITO or AZO). The perovskite solar cell layer 1 has a conventional structure.

[0036] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that, as Figure 2 As shown, the refractive index of perovskite solar cell layer 1 is 2.5, and the refractive index of high-reflectivity layer 3 is 1.5. The upper light-converting encapsulation layer 2 is a gradient refractive index polymer matrix, whose gradient refractive index satisfies: n (x) =n0+(n1-n0)(x / d) k Where n0 = 2.4, n1 = 1.8, d is the film thickness, and k = 0.5-2. An up-conversion light-encapsulating film with a total thickness of 25 μm and a refractive index gradient of 2.4→1.8 was prepared by slit coating method (speed 10 mm / s, temperature 80℃). Figure 2 The arrows in the diagram represent optical paths.

[0037] Specifically, the top-conversion light encapsulation layer 2 includes an inner layer 21, a middle layer 22, and an outer layer 23. Inner layer 21 (contacting the perovskite solar cell layer 1): NaYF43 + / Tm3 + @SiO2 nanocrystals (particle size 20nm, 980nm excitation → 450nm blue light emission), mass fraction 30%; middle layer 22: polyurethane-acrylate copolymer (refractive index n = 2.1), doped TiO2 nanorods (diameter 10nm, aspect ratio 10:1, axial alignment to regulate refractive index); outer layer 23 (contact high reflectivity layer 3): mesoporous SiO2 framework (pore size 5nm, porosity 70%).

[0038] Preferably, the perovskite layer has a refractive index of 2.5 and n0 = 2.4 (reducing interface reflection loss ΔR < 0.5%), the upconversion film has a refractive index of 1.8, and n is reduced by k = 1.2. (x) The transition from 2.4 to 1.8 is smooth, with the encapsulating glass 5 having a refractive index of 1.5 and n1 = 1.8 (a 0.3 refractive index difference is reserved to suppress total internal reflection).

[0039] Preferably, a perovskite solar cell module is formed by encapsulating a vacuum interlayer between the high-reflectivity layer 3 and the glass of the perovskite solar cell layer 1.

[0040] Experimental verification data:

[0041] When d = 200 μm and k = 1.5, the module EQE increases by 5-10% in the 300-1100 nm range, and Jsc increases by 1.1 mA / cm. 2 .

[0042] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Implementation 1 is that the traditional encapsulation structure does not have an upper light-converting encapsulation film and a high-reflection layer 3.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, based on current gain analysis, within a specific wavelength range, Example 1 has a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency compared to Comparative Example 1.

[0044] The perovskite solar cell modules of Examples 1 and 2 show a photoelectric conversion efficiency improvement of over 15%. The modules integrating high reflectivity and upconversion films effectively utilize light in the 800-1500nm wavelength range. Efficiency retention is >90% after damp heat testing (85℃ / 85%RH, 1000h). Mechanical bending: with a curvature radius of 1000mm, no delamination (appearance) was observed after 1000 bending cycles.

[0045] In summary, the perovskite solar cell module of this invention converts long-wavelength light that is not absorbed by the perovskite solar cell layer into short-wavelength light through the upper light-converting encapsulation layer, and then uses the high-reflection layer to reflect the escaping light, thereby re-exciting the perovskite layer, reducing transmission loss and improving light utilization.

[0046] The materials involved in Embodiments 1 and 2 are all existing technologies. The function of this utility model is based on the structure. Replacing the materials mentioned in this application with other materials in the prior art can also achieve the above functions.

[0047] The above description is based on the preferred embodiments of this utility model. Through the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A perovskite solar cell module, characterized in that, The perovskite solar cell layer (1), the up-conversion encapsulation layer (2), and the high-reflectivity layer (3) are stacked from top to bottom. The high-reflectivity layer (3) has a reflective film on its surface close to the up-conversion encapsulation layer (2). The up-conversion encapsulation layer (2) converts long-wavelength light that is not absorbed by the perovskite solar cell layer (1) into short-wavelength light. After passing through the perovskite solar cell layer (1) and the up-conversion encapsulation layer (2), the light is reflected back to the perovskite solar cell layer (1) by the high-reflectivity layer (3).

2. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upconversion encapsulation layer (2) has an upconversion nanomaterial that converts infrared light into visible light, and the thickness of the upconversion encapsulation layer (2) is 0.3 mm.

3. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 2, characterized in that, A glass substrate (4) is provided above the perovskite solar cell layer (1), and an encapsulation glass (5) is provided below the high reflectivity layer (3). The glass substrate (4), the perovskite solar cell layer (1), the upper light-converting encapsulation layer (2), the high reflectivity layer (3) and the encapsulation glass (5) are connected by butyl rubber sealing lamination.

4. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive index of the upper light-converting encapsulation layer (2) gradually decreases from the perovskite cell layer (1) to the high-reflectivity layer (3).

5. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upconversion encapsulation layer (2) is a gradient refractive index polymer matrix, whose gradient refractive index satisfies: n (x) =n0+(n1-n0)(x / d) k Where n0 = 2.4, n1 = 1.8, d is the thickness of the membrane, and k = 0.5 - 2.

6. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper light-converting encapsulation layer (2) includes an inner layer (21), a middle layer (22) and an outer layer (23). The inner layer (21) is in contact with the perovskite solar cell layer (1), and the outer layer (23) is in contact with the high-reflectivity layer (3).

7. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflective film is an Ag / TiO2 composite film or an all-dielectric broadband reflective film.

8. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perovskite solar cell layer (1) includes a transparent conductive layer, a first transmission layer, a perovskite light-absorbing layer, a second transmission layer, and a light-emitting transparent electrode arranged sequentially.

9. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 6, characterized in that, A glass substrate (4) is provided above the perovskite battery layer (1), and an encapsulation glass (5) is provided below the high reflectivity layer (3). A vacuum interlayer is formed between the high reflectivity layer (3) and the glass of the perovskite battery layer (1) by melting and sealing.

10. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 3 or 9, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the glass substrate (4) to the encapsulating glass (5) is 1:1 to 1:1.5, and the difference in their coefficients of thermal expansion is ≤2×10⁻⁶. －6 / K.

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