A camshaft assembly tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of camshaft, especially, a kind of camshaft assembly tool, including rack, feeding mechanism, assembly execution mechanism, blanking mechanism and control system, feeding mechanism, assembly execution mechanism, blanking mechanism are sequentially installed in the top of rack along horizontal direction, control system is respectively connected with feeding mechanism, assembly execution mechanism, blanking mechanism control;It can realize camshaft assembly full-process automation, improve assembly efficiency and accuracy, and stable and reliable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of camshafts, and in particular to a camshaft assembly fixture. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component in mechanical transmission, the camshaft plays a crucial role in power transmission in equipment such as workbench exchange devices and piston engines. Its assembly accuracy directly affects the coordination, operational stability, and processing efficiency of the equipment. Existing camshaft assembly devices mostly employ a semi-automated, manually assisted model. Their structure mainly includes a fixed bracket, positioning fixtures, and single-stage pressing components. During assembly, the camshaft blank must be manually moved to the positioning station, the shaft datum calibrated, and then the camshafts placed sequentially into their preset positions before the pressing mechanism is activated to complete the assembly. This process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a camshaft assembly fixture with high automation, high assembly efficiency and high precision.

[0004] The present invention relates to a camshaft assembly fixture, comprising a frame, a feeding mechanism, an assembly execution mechanism, an unloading mechanism, and a control system. The feeding mechanism, the assembly execution mechanism, and the unloading mechanism are sequentially installed on the top of the frame in a horizontal direction, and the control system is connected to the feeding mechanism, the assembly execution mechanism, and the unloading mechanism respectively.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding channel, a feeding guide rail, a pushing component, and a positioning seat; the feeding channel is inclined, with first baffles fixed on both sides, and a discharge port opened at its lower end; the feeding guide rail is inclined, with second baffles fixed on both sides; the pushing component is located between the lower end of the feeding channel and the higher end of the feeding guide rail, with its output end facing the feeding guide rail; the positioning seat is located at the lower end of the feeding guide rail, and a V-shaped positioning groove is opened on the positioning seat, with an elastic buffer layer provided on the inner wall of the V-shaped positioning groove.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the material pushing assembly includes a material pushing cylinder, a material pushing block, and a guide slider; the material pushing cylinder is vertically arranged, the material pushing block is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the material pushing cylinder, and its top is provided with an inclined surface facing the feeding guide rail, the guide slider is arranged on both sides of the material pushing block, and the bottom of the feeding guide rail is provided with a guide groove adapted to the guide slider.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the assembly actuator includes a Z-axis moving module, a pneumatic gripper, an axial positioning component, a pressing component, and a cam feeding component. The Z-axis moving module is located below the positioning seat, and the pneumatic gripper is located at the top output end of the Z-axis moving module. The gripper's claw end is provided with an arc-shaped clamping pad, and the positioning seat has a clearance hole for the pneumatic gripper to pass through. The axial positioning component and the pressing component are respectively located on both sides of the positioning seat, and their output ends both face the positioning seat. The cam feeding component is correspondingly arranged with the pressing component.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the axial positioning assembly includes a positioning cylinder and a positioning top block. The positioning cylinder is horizontally arranged, and the positioning top block is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the positioning cylinder.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the pressing assembly includes a pressing cylinder, a pressure sensor, a pressing head, and a displacement sensor. The pressing cylinder is horizontally arranged, the pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the pressing cylinder, the pressing head is detachably connected to the pressure sensor, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the pressing head. The inner wall of the pressing head is provided with a positioning groove that matches the outer contour of the cam, and a magnetic adsorption layer is provided at the bottom of the positioning groove.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cam feeding assembly includes a vibratory feeder, a feeding track, and an indexing positioning block; the feeding track is connected to the discharge port of the vibratory feeder, the indexing positioning block is located at the end of the feeding track, the indexing positioning block is provided with a visual detection unit for detecting the cam phase, and the indexing positioning block is provided with a first driving element for driving the cam to rotate and calibrate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding baffle, a feeding guide rail and a receiving box. The feeding baffle is attached to the top of the positioning seat, and a second driving element for driving the feeding baffle to rotate is provided inside the positioning seat. The feeding guide rail is inclined and a third baffle is fixed on both sides of it. Its high end is connected to the positioning seat and its low end is connected to the receiving box.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Through the coordinated operation of the feeding mechanism, assembly execution mechanism, unloading mechanism, and control system, the entire process of camshaft blank feeding, cam feeding and phase calibration, press-fit assembly, and finished product unloading is fully automated, reducing the time-consuming problems caused by manual intervention and improving assembly efficiency. The V-shaped positioning groove of the feeding mechanism, combined with the elastic buffer layer, can achieve stable reference positioning of the camshaft blank. The cam feeding assembly can accurately control the cam phase through the rotation calibration of the vision inspection unit and the indexing positioning block. The press-fit assembly is equipped with pressure sensors and displacement sensors to monitor the press-fit force and press-fit depth in real time. The positioning groove and magnetic adsorption layer of the press-fit head can ensure the accuracy of the cam press-fit position. The precise control of multiple links can jointly ensure the assembly accuracy of the camshaft and improve the linkage coordination and operational stability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Figure 3 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material pushing component of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic gripper of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism and assembly execution mechanism of this utility model; In the attached diagram, the following are marked: 1. Frame; 2. Feeding mechanism; 21. Feeding channel; 211. First baffle plate; 212. Discharge port; 22. Feeding guide rail; 221. Second baffle plate; 222. Guide chute; 23. Pushing assembly; 231. Pushing cylinder; 232. Pushing block; 233. Guide slider; 24. Positioning seat; 241. V-shaped positioning groove; 242. Elastic buffer layer; 243. Clearance hole; 244. Second driving element; 3. Assembly actuator; 31. Z-axis moving module; 32. Pneumatic gripper; 321. Arc-shaped clamping pad; 33. Axial axis Positioning assembly; 331, positioning cylinder; 332, positioning top block; 34, pressing assembly; 341, pressing cylinder; 342, pressure sensor; 343, pressing head; 344, displacement sensor; 345, positioning groove; 346, magnetic adsorption layer; 35, cam feeding assembly; 351, vibratory feeder; 352, feeding track; 353, indexing positioning block; 354, vision inspection unit; 355, first driving element; 4, unloading mechanism; 41, unloading baffle; 42, unloading guide rail; 421, third baffle; 43, receiving box; 5, control system. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0016] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides a camshaft assembly fixture, including a frame 1, a feeding mechanism 2, an assembly execution mechanism 3, an unloading mechanism 4, and a control system 5. The feeding mechanism 2, the assembly execution mechanism 3, and the unloading mechanism 4 are sequentially installed on the top of the frame 1 in a horizontal direction, forming a continuous automated assembly line. The control system 5 can be a PLC or an industrial computer, which is connected to the feeding mechanism 2, the assembly execution mechanism 3, and the unloading mechanism 4 through electrical circuits to achieve coordinated control of the actions of each mechanism. Through centralized control by the control system 5, the timing judgment of manual operation is replaced, realizing continuous automated operation of feeding, assembly, and unloading, improving assembly efficiency, and avoiding the problem of poor assembly consistency caused by the randomness of manual operation.

[0017] Reference Figures 2-6 The feeding mechanism 2 includes a feeding channel 21, a feeding guide rail 22, a pushing assembly 23, and a positioning seat 24. The feeding channel 21 is inclined and has a space inside for placing camshaft blanks, preferably with an inclination angle of 15°-30°, and is automatically fed by gravity. First baffle plates 211 are fixed on both sides of the feeding channel 21 to prevent the blanks from slipping, and a discharge port 212 is opened at the lower end for blank output. The width of the discharge port 212 is adapted to the diameter of the blank, allowing only single blanks to be output sequentially. The feeding guide rail 22 is also inclined, and second baffle plates 221 are fixed on both sides to ensure that the blanks are received by the pre-positioned baffle plates. The trajectory is set to slide; the pushing component 23 is set between the low end of the feeding channel 21 and the high end of the feeding guide rail 22, with its output end facing the feeding guide rail 22, and is used to push the billet onto the feeding guide rail 22 in sequence to realize the orderly supply of the billet; the positioning seat 24 is set at the low end of the feeding guide rail 22, and the positioning seat 24 is provided with a V-shaped positioning groove 241 for supporting and radially positioning the camshaft billet; the V-shaped groove structure has a self-centering function and can adapt to billets of different diameters; the inner wall of the V-shaped positioning groove 241 is provided with an elastic buffer layer of polyurethane or rubber, which can prevent scratching the surface of the billet and at the same time reduce shock and prevent slippage.

[0018] Specifically, the pushing assembly 23 includes a pushing cylinder 231, a pushing block 232, and a guide slider 233; the pushing cylinder 231 is vertically arranged, the pushing block 232 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the pushing cylinder 231, and its top is provided with an inclined surface facing the feeding guide rail 22; the guide slider 233 is arranged on both sides of the pushing block 232, and the bottom of the feeding guide rail 22 is provided with a guide groove 222 adapted to the guide slider 233 to ensure that the pushing block 232 moves stably along a straight line; when the pushing block 232... When the top of the feed channel 21 is lower or level with the bottom of the feed channel 21, the billet can slide from the discharge port 212 onto the pusher block 232. When the pusher cylinder 231 moves, the pusher block 232 rises to a position where the top of the feed guide rail 22 is higher or level with the top of the feed guide rail 22. The billet can then slide from the pusher block 232 onto the feed guide rail 22 and into the positioning seat 24. By combining cylinder drive with the guide structure, stable transfer of the billet can be achieved. Furthermore, the inclined surface design and height difference control ensure the accuracy and continuity of the billet conveying.

[0019] The assembly actuator 3 includes a Z-axis moving module 31, a pneumatic gripper 32, an axial positioning component 33, a pressing component 34, and a cam feeding component 35. The Z-axis moving module 31 can be a servo motor-driven lead screw slide, located below the positioning seat 24. The pneumatic gripper 32 is located at the top output end of the Z-axis moving module 31, and the gripper end of the pneumatic gripper 32 is provided with an arc-shaped clamping pad 321. The positioning seat 24 has a clearance hole 243 for the pneumatic gripper 32 to pass through. The axial positioning component 33 and the pressing component 34 are respectively provided with... On both sides of the positioning seat 24, the output ends of the components face the positioning seat 24. The cam feeding component 35 is correspondingly set with the pressing component 34. During operation, the axial positioning component 33 presses against one end of the blank to achieve axial positioning and ensure accurate pressing position. The Z-axis module can drive the pneumatic gripper 32 to rise and pass through the clearance hole 243, and grab the blank in the V-shaped positioning groove 241 through the arc-shaped clamping pad 321 to complete the fixing of the blank. The cam feeding component 35 provides a cam to the pressing component 34, and the pressing component 34 presses the cam to the preset position of the blank.

[0020] Specifically, the axial positioning component 33 includes a positioning cylinder 331 and a positioning top block 332; the positioning cylinder 331 is horizontally positioned, and the piston rod axis is collinear with the axis of the camshaft blank; the positioning top block 332 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 331; the positioning cylinder 331 directly drives the positioning top block 332 to press against one end face of the blank, pushing the blank to move axially to a preset reference position, which can quickly realize the axial positioning and locking of the blank.

[0021] The pressing assembly 34 includes a pressing cylinder 341, a pressure sensor 342, a pressing head 343, and a displacement sensor 344. The pressing cylinder 341 is horizontally positioned, with its piston rod axis collinear with the blank axis to ensure axial transmission of the pressing force. The pressure sensor 342 can be a strain gauge type sensor, fixedly connected to the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 341, to detect the pressure value during the pressing process in real time and transmit the signal to the control system 5. The pressing head 343 is detachably connected to the pressure sensor 342, facilitating the replacement of the pressing head with a suitable one for different cam models. The displacement sensor 344 can be a laser displacement sensor, mounted on the pressing head 343, to detect the movement distance of the pressing head. The pressing head 343 has a positioning groove 345 that matches the outer contour of the cam, and a magnetic adsorption layer 346 is provided at the bottom of the positioning groove 345. During pressing, the cam feeding assembly 35 delivers the calibrated cam to the positioning groove 345 of the pressing head 343, and the magnetic adsorption layer 346 adsorbs and fixes the cam. The control system 5 controls the pressing cylinder 341 to extend and push the pressing head 343 to move towards the blank. The pressure sensor 342 monitors the pressing force in real time, and the displacement sensor 344 monitors the pressing depth. When the pressing force reaches the preset threshold and the pressing depth reaches the preset position, the control system 5 determines that the pressing is qualified and controls the pressing cylinder 341 to reset.

[0022] The cam feeding assembly 35 includes a vibratory feeder 351, a feeding track 352, and an indexing and positioning block 353. The vibratory feeder 351 can be an electromagnetic vibratory feeder, which lifts and initially sorts disordered cams along the track through vibration, so that the reference surfaces of the cams are aligned. The feeding track 352 is connected to the discharge port of the vibratory feeder 351, and the indexing and positioning block 353 is located at the end of the feeding track 352. The indexing and positioning block 353 is equipped with a vision detection unit 354 for detecting the cam phase. The vision detection unit 354 can be an industrial camera, which is used to capture the contour image of the cam and transmit it to the image processing module of the control system 5. The image is compared with a preset standard phase image to determine whether the cam phase is qualified. The indexing and positioning block 353 is equipped with a first driving element 355 for driving the cam to rotate and calibrate. When the vision detection unit 354 detects a cam phase deviation, the control system 5 controls the output end of the first driving element 355 to rotate, driving the cam to rotate to a preset phase angle, ensuring that the cam phase is consistent with the assembly requirements of the blank.

[0023] The unloading mechanism 4 includes an unloading plate 41, an unloading guide rail 42, and a receiving box 43. The unloading plate 41 is attached to the top of the positioning seat 24, and a second driving element 244 is provided inside the positioning seat 24 to drive the unloading plate 41 to rotate. The unloading guide rail 42 is inclined, and a third baffle plate 421 is fixed on both sides of it. Its high end is connected to the positioning seat 24, and its low end is connected to the receiving box 43. A sponge buffer layer can be laid inside the receiving box 43 to prevent the camshaft from being damaged when it falls in. After the assembly actuator 3 completes the cam pressing, the pneumatic gripper 32 is released, and the Z-axis moving module 31 drives the gripper to descend and reset. The control system 5 controls the second driving element 244 to rotate, driving the unloading plate 41 to rotate and sending the finished camshaft on the positioning seat 24 to the unloading guide rail 42. The camshaft slides down the guide rail under the action of gravity and finally falls into the receiving box 43, completing the unloading.

[0024] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A camshaft assembly fixture, characterized in that, The system includes a frame (1), a feeding mechanism (2), an assembly execution mechanism (3), a unloading mechanism (4), and a control system (5). The feeding mechanism (2), the assembly execution mechanism (3), and the unloading mechanism (4) are installed sequentially on the top of the frame (1) in a horizontal direction. The control system (5) is connected to the feeding mechanism (2), the assembly execution mechanism (3), and the unloading mechanism (4) respectively.

2. The camshaft assembly fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (2) includes a feeding channel (21), a feeding guide rail (22), a pushing component (23), and a positioning seat (24). The feeding channel (21) is inclined and has a first baffle plate (211) fixed on both sides. A discharge port (212) is opened at its lower end. The feeding guide rail (22) is inclined and has a second baffle plate (221) fixed on both sides. The pushing component (23) is located between the lower end of the feeding channel (21) and the upper end of the feeding guide rail (22), and its output end faces the feeding guide rail (22). The positioning seat (24) is located at the lower end of the feeding guide rail (22). A V-shaped positioning groove (241) is opened on the positioning seat (24), and an elastic buffer layer is provided on the inner wall of the V-shaped positioning groove (241).

3. The camshaft assembly fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding assembly (23) includes a feeding cylinder (231), a feeding block (232), and a guide slider (233). The feeding cylinder (231) is vertically arranged. The feeding block (232) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the feeding cylinder (231) and has an inclined surface facing the feeding guide rail (22) at its top. The guide slider (233) is arranged on both sides of the feeding block (232). The bottom of the feeding guide rail (22) is provided with a guide groove (222) that matches the guide slider (233).

4. The camshaft assembly fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The assembly actuator (3) includes a Z-axis moving module (31), a pneumatic gripper (32), an axial positioning component (33), a pressing component (34), and a cam feeding component (35). The Z-axis moving module (31) is located below the positioning seat (24). The pneumatic gripper (32) is located at the top output end of the Z-axis moving module (31). The gripper end of the pneumatic gripper (32) is provided with an arc-shaped clamping pad (321). The positioning seat (24) is provided with a clearance hole (243) for the pneumatic gripper (32) to pass through. The axial positioning component (33) and the pressing component (34) are respectively located on both sides of the positioning seat (24), and their output ends are both facing the positioning seat (24). The cam feeding component (35) is correspondingly provided with the pressing component (34).

5. The camshaft assembly fixture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The axial positioning assembly (33) includes a positioning cylinder (331) and a positioning top block (332). The positioning cylinder (331) is horizontally arranged, and the positioning top block (332) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (331).

6. The camshaft assembly fixture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pressing assembly (34) includes a pressing cylinder (341), a pressure sensor (342), a pressing head (343), and a displacement sensor (344). The pressing cylinder (341) is horizontally arranged. The pressure sensor (342) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the pressing cylinder (341). The pressing head (343) is detachably connected to the pressure sensor (342). The displacement sensor (344) is disposed on the pressing head (343). The inner wall of the pressing head (343) is provided with a positioning groove (345) that matches the outer contour of the cam. The bottom of the positioning groove (345) is provided with a magnetic adsorption layer (346).

7. The camshaft assembly fixture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cam feeding assembly (35) includes a vibratory feeder (351), a feeding track (352), and an indexing and positioning block (353); the feeding track (352) is connected to the discharge port of the vibratory feeder (351), the indexing and positioning block (353) is located at the end of the feeding track (352), the indexing and positioning block (353) is provided with a visual detection unit (354) for detecting the cam phase, and the indexing and positioning block (353) is provided with a first driving element (355) for driving the cam to rotate and calibrate.

8. The camshaft assembly fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (4) includes a feeding baffle (41), a feeding guide rail (42), and a receiving box (43). The feeding baffle (41) is attached to the top of the positioning seat (24). The positioning seat (24) is provided with a second driving element (244) that drives the feeding baffle (41) to rotate. The feeding guide rail (42) is inclined and has a third baffle plate (421) fixed on both sides. Its high end is connected to the positioning seat (24), and its low end is connected to the receiving box (43).

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