A PCD drill-mill cutter for machining of monolithic composite sheets

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of PCD drill milling cutters for integral composite sheet processing, including the cutter head, auxiliary processing head, shank and mounting seat sequentially arranged from top to bottom;Cutter head is composed of two main processing heads, two main processing heads are mirror image settings, main processing head is composed of first land, second land, partition groove, main processing edge and third land, third land is located in the side of first land, second land is located in the other side of first land, the outside of second land is provided with main processing edge, the outer ring surface of second land is provided with partition groove, third land and adjacent main processing edge form smooth groove;The two sides of auxiliary processing head are provided with straight groove.The utility model makes carbon fiber chip pass through the axial chip removal path of straight groove and linearly discharge along the drilling direction, avoid the tearing of the rotation force of spiral groove to fiber layer, and radial feed during processing, can utilize peripheral edge relief angle to chamfer hole, spare the function of tool changing step.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PCD cutting tool technology, and in particular to a PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining thin composite material plates. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon fiber composites are inorganic high-performance fibers with a carbon content exceeding 90%, transformed from organic fibers through a series of heat treatments. They are a new material with excellent mechanical properties, possessing the inherent characteristics of carbon materials while also exhibiting the softness and machinability of textile fibers. As a new generation of reinforcing fibers, they are typically machined using PCD end mills. PCD is a polycrystalline material, also known as sintered diamond, formed by agglomerating and sintering diamond micropowder under high temperature and ultra-high pressure conditions using metal binders such as cobalt. Polycrystalline diamond tools are integrally sintered into end mills for milling operations.

[0003] Existing PCD end mills typically employ a spiral flute design. However, spiral flute drills are prone to chip accumulation, which can cause resin burning due to friction against the hole wall. The periodic radial force generated by their torsional structure can cause vibration due to the low rigidity of thin plates, leading to increased burrs at the hole exit, drill bit wobbling, and out-of-tolerance hole diameter. Simultaneously, the rotating chip removal can carry up uncut fibers, causing delamination of the hole wall. Furthermore, the simultaneous cutting of the center tip and main cutting edge of a double-edged drill can compress the fiber layer. Additionally, the design of the peripheral cutting edge without a back angle and with a narrow cutting band can cause excessive heat due to friction against the hole wall, resulting in resin carbonization.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite sheet metal. This PCD drilling and milling cutter should be able to completely eliminate the fiber entanglement effect of spiral grooves and can directly chamfer the hole opening after drilling without changing the tool. Utility Model Content

[0005] To meet the above requirements, this utility model provides a PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining thin composite material sheets, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model achieves the following technical solution: a PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining thin composite material plates, comprising a cutter head, an auxiliary machining head, a tool holder, and a mounting base arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the cutter head consists of two main machining heads arranged in a mirror image, each main machining head consisting of a first facet, a second facet, a partition groove, a main machining edge, and a third facet, the third facet being located on one side of the first facet, the second facet being located on the other side of the first facet, and a main machining edge being located on the outer side of the second facet; a partition groove is formed on the outer circumference of the second facet, and a smooth groove is formed between the third facet and the adjacent main machining edge; straight grooves are formed on both sides of the auxiliary machining head, and an arc-shaped chip guide groove adapted to the tail end of the straight groove is formed at the front end of the tool holder surface.

[0007] Furthermore, a guide groove is formed between the third facet, the smooth groove, and the main machining edge, which communicates with the straight groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a cutting head center tip is formed at the intersection of the two main machining edges, and the angle of the cutting head center tip is 90°.

[0009] Furthermore, the width of the partition groove is 20%-22% of the drill diameter of the cutter head.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer apex corner of the partition groove forms an auxiliary blade with an angle of 60°.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the auxiliary processing head is provided with a smooth surface that is adapted to the first ridge surface, the second ridge surface, the partition groove and the third ridge surface.

[0012] Furthermore, a circumferential edge is formed between every two adjacent smooth surfaces, and the circumferential edge is set at a rear angle of 8°-20°.

[0013] Furthermore, the diameter of the tool holder is smaller than the diameter of the auxiliary machining head.

[0014] Furthermore, the surface of the smooth groove is arc-shaped.

[0015] Furthermore, the front end of the mounting base is provided with a chamfered portion that connects to the tool holder, and the surface of the chamfered portion is designed to be smooth.

[0016] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are: 1. This PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining thin composite sheets features two straight grooves that allow carbon fiber chips to be discharged in a straight line along the drilling direction via the axial chip removal path of the straight grooves. This avoids the tearing of the fiber layer by the rotational force of the spiral grooves, replacing the traditional spiral groove design and completely eliminating the fiber entanglement effect caused by the spiral grooves.

[0017] 2. This integral composite material sheet machining PCD drill and milling cutter, through the design of a 90° cutter head center tip formed between the two main machining edges, combined with a 60° secondary edge in the outer corner of the partition groove, allows the 90° centering structure to play a stabilizing role, while the 60° cutting structure of the secondary edge can contact the fiber to achieve cutting of composite materials.

[0018] 3. This PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite sheet metal can perform radial milling through the peripheral cutting edge with a clearance angle of 8°-20° formed between every two adjacent smooth surfaces. During machining, radial feed is used, and the clearance angle of the peripheral cutting edge is used to chamfer the hole opening. This allows the tool to directly chamfer the hole opening after drilling, eliminating the need for tool changing. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the straight groove and main machining head of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the partition groove and main machining blade of this utility model.

[0020] The numbers and letters in the diagram represent the names of the corresponding components: 1. Mounting base; 2. Chamfered part; 3. Tool holder; 4. Auxiliary machining head; 41. Straight groove; 5. Main machining head; 51. First facet; 52. Second facet; 53. Partition groove; 54. Main machining edge; 55. Third facet; 56. Smooth groove. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0022] See appendix Figures 1-4 As shown in Embodiment 1, a PCD drill and milling cutter for machining integral composite material thin plates includes a cutter head, an auxiliary machining head 4, a tool holder 3, and a mounting base 1 arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the auxiliary machining head 4 has straight grooves 41 on both sides.

[0023] By setting two straight grooves 41, carbon fiber chips are discharged in a straight line along the drilling direction through the axial chip removal path of the straight grooves 41, avoiding the tearing of the fiber layer by the rotational force of the spiral groove. This replaces the traditional spiral groove design and can completely eliminate the fiber entanglement effect caused by the spiral groove.

[0024] The cutting head consists of two main machining heads 5, which are arranged in a mirror image. Each main machining head 5 is composed of a first edge face 51, a second edge face 52, a partition groove 53, a main machining edge 54, and a third edge face 55. The surface of the auxiliary machining head 4 is provided with smooth surfaces that are adapted to the first edge face 51, the second edge face 52, the partition groove 53, and the third edge face 55. A peripheral edge is formed between every two adjacent smooth surfaces, and the peripheral edge is set at a back angle of 8°-20°.

[0025] During the drilling stage, the tool needs to be fed axially and uses the straight groove 41 to remove chips and prevent fiber delamination; during the side milling stage, the tool needs to be fed radially and uses the peripheral clearance angle to chamfer the hole opening.

[0026] The second facet 52, the first facet 51, and the third facet 55, which are sequentially arranged on one side of the main machining edge 54, are all designed with inclined surfaces. This makes the junction of the second facet 52, the first facet 51, and the third facet 55 form an angle with the same angle as the peripheral edge. Radial milling can be performed through the peripheral edge with a back angle of 8°-20° formed between every two adjacent smooth surfaces. During machining, radial feed is used, and the back angle of the peripheral edge is used to chamfer the hole opening. This tool has the function of directly chamfering the hole opening after drilling, eliminating the need for tool changing.

[0027] A guide groove is formed between the third facet 55, the smooth groove 56, and the main machining edge 54, which is connected to the straight groove 41. The guide groove can guide the waste chips milled by the cutter head into the straight groove 41 and discharge them, preventing the waste chips from accumulating at the machining area and affecting the normal operation of the cutter head.

[0028] The third facet 55 is located on one side of the first facet 51, and the second facet 52 is located on the other side of the first facet 51. A main machining edge 54 is provided on the outer side of the second facet 52. A central tip of the cutting head is formed at the intersection of the two main machining edges 54. The angle of the central tip of the cutting head is 90°. A partition groove 53 is provided on the outer ring surface of the second facet 52. The width of the partition groove 53 is 20%-22% of the cutting head diameter. An auxiliary edge with an angle of 60° is formed at the outer apex of the partition groove 53.

[0029] The 90° center tip design formed between the two main machining edges 54, combined with the 60° secondary edge in the outer corner of the partition groove 53, allows the 90° centering structure to play a stabilizing role while the 60° cutting structure of the secondary edge can contact the fiber to cut the composite material.

[0030] A smooth groove 56 is formed between the third facet 55 and the adjacent main machining edge 54. The surface of the smooth groove 56 is arc-shaped, and the smooth groove 56 allows waste chips to enter the guide groove better.

[0031] The front end of the tool holder 3 is provided with an arc-shaped chip guide groove that matches the tail end of the straight groove 41. The arc-shaped chip guide groove can better discharge waste chips and prevent waste chips from adhering to the surface of the tool holder 3. The diameter of the tool holder 3 is smaller than the diameter of the auxiliary machining head 4.

[0032] Furthermore, the front end of the mounting base 1 is provided with a chamfered part 2 that is connected to the tool holder 3. The surface of the chamfered part 2 is designed to be smooth. By providing a smooth chamfered part 2, when the robot or manual hand holds the tail of the tool holder 3 to install the mounting base 1 in the assembly seat on the machining center, the design of the chamfered part 2 allows the robot or manual hand to abut against the chamfered part 2, which can prevent the tool from sliding in the robot or manual hand during installation and increase stability.

[0033] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining thin composite material sheets, characterized in that: It includes, from top to bottom, a cutting head, an auxiliary machining head (4), a tool holder (3), and a mounting base (1); The cutting head consists of two main machining heads (5), which are arranged in a mirror image. Each main machining head (5) consists of a first facet (51), a second facet (52), a partition groove (53), a main machining blade (54), and a third facet (55). The third facet (55) is located on one side of the first facet (51), and the second facet (52) is located on the other side of the first facet (51). The main machining blade (54) is located on the outer side of the second facet (52). The partition groove (53) is opened on the outer ring surface of the second facet (52). A smooth groove (56) is formed between the third facet (55) and the adjacent main machining blade (54). The auxiliary machining head (4) has straight grooves (41) on both sides, and the front end of the tool holder (3) has an arc-shaped chip guide groove that matches the tail end of the straight groove (41).

2. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guide groove is formed between the third ridge surface (55), the smooth groove (56), and the main machining edge (54) and is connected to the straight groove (41).

3. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two main machining edges (54) intersect to form a central tip of the cutting head, and the angle of the central tip of the cutting head is 90°.

4. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the partition groove (53) is 20%-22% of the drill diameter of the cutter head.

5. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer apex of the partition groove (53) forms an auxiliary blade with an angle of 60°.

6. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the auxiliary processing head (4) is provided with a smooth surface that is compatible with the first prism (51), the second prism (52), the partition groove (53) and the third prism (55).

7. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 6, characterized in that, A peripheral edge is formed between every two adjacent smooth surfaces, and the peripheral edge is set at a rear angle of 8°-20°.

8. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the tool holder (3) is smaller than the diameter of the auxiliary machining head (4).

9. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the smooth groove (56) is arc-shaped.

10. The PCD drilling and milling cutter for machining integral composite thin plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the mounting base (1) is provided with a chamfered part (2) that is connected to the handle (3), and the surface of the chamfered part (2) is designed to be smooth.

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