Control device based on efficient promotion of vehicle-mounted cold machine refrigeration efficiency

Abstract

The utility model relates to vehicle -mounted refrigeration plant control technical field discloses the control device based on high -efficient promotion vehicle -mounted cold machine refrigeration efficiency, include: controller and interface, controller and interface connection, interface is used for connecting different equipment, and interface includes: CAN interface, communication module interface, RS485 interface, drive equipment relay mouth's interface and temperature sensor interface, and communication module interface is used for connecting communication module, and communication module is used for connecting cloud platform, drive equipment relay mouth's interface is used for connecting the relay of control refrigerated vehicle equipment operation, and temperature sensor interface is used for connecting temperature sensor, and temperature sensor interface quantity and refrigerated vehicle carriage in temperature sensor quantity match. The scheme integrates multiple different types of interface, and integrated realization digital signal processing and internet of things function, satisfy remote monitoring and data interaction demand, replace traditional on -off control, support corresponding electronic expansion valve's accurate step -by -step control, optimize refrigeration cycle efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle-mounted refrigeration equipment control technology, specifically to a control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of vehicle-mounted refrigeration systems. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most mainstream control motherboards for vehicle-mounted refrigeration units adopt standard industrial controllers, such as traditional PLCs or microcontrollers. These technologies have significant drawbacks: 1. Limited data acquisition: They can only acquire parameters such as temperature through analog electrical signals, resulting in low accuracy, susceptibility to interference, and inability to support digital signal sensors. 2. Limited control methods: They can only control key equipment such as compressors and expansion valves through on / off signals, failing to achieve complex logic such as precise step control of electronic expansion valves and variable frequency speed regulation of fans, leading to low refrigeration unit efficiency. 3. Lack of IoT functionality: They lack standard communication interfaces, failing to meet the requirements of modern "refrigeration unit + IoT" product lines, such as remote fault diagnosis, OTA (over-the-air) upgrades, and real-time data uploads to cloud platforms. 4. Poor scalability: Existing motherboard interfaces are fixed, making it difficult to integrate new functions such as door opening / closing monitoring and multi-point temperature monitoring, limiting the product's application in intelligent cold chain logistics.

[0003] The aforementioned problems have resulted in vehicle-mounted refrigeration units failing to meet industry upgrade requirements in terms of energy efficiency, reliability, and intelligence. For example, in actual transportation, inaccurate temperature control can easily lead to cargo spoilage; the lack of remote monitoring capabilities increases maintenance costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of control device, based on digital signal processing, to achieve efficient and intelligent control. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a control device for improving the refrigeration efficiency of vehicle-mounted refrigeration units, in order to solve the problem that traditional controllers used in vehicle-mounted refrigeration units have low temperature control accuracy and are prone to causing spoilage of goods.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of a vehicle-mounted refrigeration system, comprising: a controller and an interface, wherein the controller and the interface are connected, and the interface is used to connect different devices. The interface includes: a CAN interface, a communication module interface, an RS485 interface, an interface for the relay of the drive device, and a temperature sensor interface. The communication module interface is used to connect a communication module, and the communication module is used to connect to a cloud platform. The interface for the relay of the drive device is used to connect a relay that controls the operation of the refrigerated truck equipment. The temperature sensor interface is used to connect a temperature sensor, and the number of temperature sensor interfaces matches the number of temperature sensors inside the refrigerated truck compartment.

[0006] The principle of this solution is as follows: A temperature sensor inside the refrigerated truck compartment is connected to a temperature sensor interface. The controller obtains the temperature data inside the refrigerated truck compartment through the temperature sensor interface. Then, the controller's data reading module parses the received temperature data and sends the parsed data to a cloud platform via a communication module. Users can access the cloud platform to obtain the relevant data, enabling remote monitoring of the refrigerated truck's temperature. Simultaneously, the controller receives control commands from the refrigerated truck equipment through the communication module, controlling the activation state of the equipment's relays. This allows for complex control logic of the equipment, replacing traditional on / off control, supporting precise step control of the electronic expansion valve, and optimizing refrigeration cycle efficiency.

[0007] Advantages of this solution: This solution sets up an interface for the relay suction port of the drive device, replacing the traditional switch control, supporting precise step control of the corresponding electronic expansion valve, and optimizing the refrigeration cycle efficiency; by setting up a communication module interface to connect to the communication module, remote data transmission can be achieved, enabling remote monitoring of the temperature status of the refrigerated truck; this solution integrates multiple different types of interfaces, integrating digital signal processing and Internet of Things functions to meet the needs of remote monitoring and data interaction.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature sensor interface is an NTC thermistor interface, and the temperature sensor is an NTC temperature sensor. This enables high-precision acquisition of temperature data, thereby improving the control accuracy of the refrigeration unit in the refrigerated truck.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the controller.

[0010] Preferably, the system also includes a charging management module. The power supply module is connected to the refrigerated truck's power supply, and the charging management module is used to connect the power supply module and the refrigerated truck's power supply. The charging management module is used to adapt to voltage fluctuations of different power sources. Utilizing the vehicle's power supply provides fast and convenient power delivery; the charging management module ensures efficient energy transmission while guaranteeing transmission safety.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an ST-Link interface for connecting to a host computer. The ST-Link interface facilitates controller debugging, improving development convenience and field deployment reliability.

[0012] Preferably, the refrigerated truck equipment includes: a condenser fan, a heater, a defrost solenoid valve, an evaporator fan, and a high-voltage contactor. The control precision of the condenser fan, heater, defrost solenoid valve, evaporator fan, and high-voltage contactor is improved by using a relay-activated interface, ensuring effective temperature control within the refrigerated truck compartment and guaranteeing the quality of refrigerated goods.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a storage interface for connecting to a memory to store data and prevent data loss when the network is disconnected.

[0014] Preferably, the memory is a non-volatile memory, which can retain the data for a long time after the power is turned off, thus maximizing data integrity.

[0015] Preferably, the I / O port of the controller is also used to connect to a detection switch for detecting the opening and closing of the refrigerated truck door, so that the driver can know the opening and closing status of the refrigerated truck body in a timely manner and minimize the risk of cold air leakage causing damage to the goods. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the functional wiring of the vehicle-mounted refrigeration unit according to an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example: Based on control devices that efficiently improve the cooling efficiency of vehicle-mounted refrigeration systems, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a controller, an interface, and a housing. The controller and the interface are connected, and the interface is used to connect different devices.

[0019] The controller uses an STM32 chip, specifically an STM32F405RGT6 microcontroller. The controller is housed inside a casing, which protects it from dust intrusion and ensures its performance. The controller can implement business protocols and corresponding software function modules using C language. In this embodiment, the casing is made of plastic.

[0020] The controller connects to the following interfaces: a CAN interface, a communication module interface, a relay connector for the drive device, and a temperature sensor interface. It also supports Universal Serial Bus (USB), Recommended Standard 485 (RS485), Registered Jack45 (RJ45), Recommended Standard 232 (RS232), a cluster communication port (COM), and a Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL) interface. The appropriate interfaces can be configured to integrate and connect corresponding devices according to actual needs, and are not limited to the number of interface types mentioned above. This embodiment integrates digital signal processing and Internet of Things (IoT) functions by setting up multiple interfaces, meeting the requirements for remote monitoring and data interaction. This embodiment includes two CAN interfaces and two RS485 interfaces. The CAN interfaces can be used to connect to structures such as the refrigerated truck control system, transmitting the refrigerated truck's data to the cloud platform for more comprehensive monitoring of the refrigerated truck.

[0021] The communication module interface is used to connect the communication module, which is used to connect to the cloud platform. In this embodiment, a stable 4G module is used as the communication module. The communication module can be installed on the shell. The 4G module communicates with the controller through USART1 to transmit data to the cloud platform, realize remote fault diagnosis, and can also be used for OTA over-the-air downloading and lifting, meeting the needs of remote monitoring and data interaction.

[0022] The relay engagement interface is used to connect to relays controlling the operation of the refrigerated truck equipment, including a condenser fan, heater, defrost solenoid valve, evaporator fan, and high-voltage contactor. By connecting the relays, the control accuracy of the condenser fan, heater, defrost solenoid valve, evaporator fan, and high-voltage contactor is improved, ensuring effective temperature control within the refrigerated truck compartment and protecting the quality of refrigerated goods. This embodiment includes five relay engagement interfaces, with the output voltage matching the input voltage of the overall device.

[0023] The condenser fan is located at the condenser structure. After the high-temperature refrigerant gas from the compressor enters the condenser, it reforms into a liquid state under the action of the gas discharged from the condenser fan, and then enters the next refrigeration cycle. The heater is used to heat the air. When the outside temperature is extremely low, the heater heats the air blown into the compartment to ensure the outlet air temperature. The defrost solenoid valve controls the flow of refrigerant. After the evaporator has been absorbing heat inside the compartment for a long time, frost will form on its surface. When the frost needs to be cleaned, the defrost solenoid valve is energized. The solenoid valve guides the refrigerant to change its flow direction, switching to "cooling mode." The high-temperature gas discharged from the compressor is directed to the outdoor unit's evaporator, where the evaporator becomes a condenser, melting the frost layer and completing the defrosting process. The evaporator fan, usually a centrifugal or cross-flow fan, is installed at the evaporator structure. The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates inside the evaporator. The evaporator fan cools the circulating air, turning it into cold air that is delivered into the refrigerated truck compartment. Additionally, during heating, when the evaporator acts as a condenser, the evaporator fan heats the circulating air, turning it into hot air which is then delivered into the refrigerated truck's compartment. The high-voltage contactor is a high-current power switch controlled by an electromagnetic coil, used to control the power supply to loads such as the compressor and fan.

[0024] The temperature sensor interface is used to connect temperature sensors, and the number of temperature sensor interfaces matches the number of temperature sensors in the refrigerated truck compartment. The temperature sensor interface is an NTC thermistor interface, and the temperature sensor is an NTC temperature sensor. This enables high-precision acquisition of temperature data, thereby improving the control accuracy of the refrigeration unit in the refrigerated truck. In this embodiment, there are six NTC thermistor interfaces (10K, B value 3950). The NTC thermistor and a fixed 10K resistor are connected in series to form a voltage divider circuit, with the midpoint connected to the ADC input pin of the STM32. The NTC terminal is grounded, and the fixed resistor terminal is connected to 3.3V.

[0025] The controller's I / O ports are also used to connect to a detection switch for monitoring the opening and closing of the refrigerated truck doors. This allows the driver to promptly know the opening and closing status of the refrigerated truck compartment, minimizing the risk of cold air leakage and damage to goods. The controller's I / O ports are also used to read the high and low voltage levels for backup power detection (0V for low voltage, 12V or 24V for high voltage). They are also used for refrigerant high-pressure and low-pressure detection (analog signals 0V-5V), converting them to a voltage range that the ADC can acquire. The entire device provides 5V power to the high and low voltage detection equipment. An I / O port that outputs 5V is also included for fuse detection; in the event of a short circuit, the 5V voltage is pulled down to 0V. Another I / O port reads the high and low voltage level changes. This embodiment can monitor the opening and closing status of the compartment doors and refrigerant high and low pressure parameters, providing fault warnings and notifying users to handle the situation promptly. The fault warning procedure is based on existing technology.

[0026] It also includes an ST-Link interface, which is used to connect to a host computer. The ST-Link interface facilitates controller debugging, improving development convenience and field deployment reliability. In this embodiment, the ST-Link and CAN interfaces are independent interfaces, while the others are integrated interfaces.

[0027] It also includes a storage interface for connecting to a memory to store data and prevent data loss when the network is disconnected. The memory uses non-volatile memory, which retains data for a long time even after power is disconnected, maximizing data integrity. In this embodiment, a W25Q64 and an AT24C02 are used as external flash memory, employing hardware SPI and hardware I2C respectively. By combining different physical characteristics and interface protocols, a balanced optimization of cost, performance, and reliability parameters is achieved.

[0028] It also includes a GPS positioning module and corresponding interface connections. The GPS positioning module can transmit the vehicle's location data to the controller and finally to the cloud platform to realize remote monitoring of the vehicle's operating route.

[0029] It also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the controller. It further includes a charging management module, which connects the power supply module to the refrigerated truck's power supply and adapts to voltage fluctuations from different power sources. Utilizing the vehicle's power supply offers fast and convenient power delivery. In this embodiment, the refrigerated truck's power supply is used, with an input voltage of 12V (fluctuation range 8V-16V) or 24V (fluctuation range 20V-28V). This voltage needs to be converted to the chip's operating voltage before powering the chip, and the input voltage of the device before conversion needs to be detected. The charging management module ensures efficient energy transfer while guaranteeing transmission safety. The charging management module uses a wide-range DC-DC power supply module, specifically employing existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0030] In this solution, the controller integrates the data reading program of the aforementioned interfaces. The controller reads data from devices such as the NCT temperature sensor and GPS positioning module. After acquiring the data, it parses it using the corresponding data parsing protocols. Then, using a designed data packet protocol consisting of version number, length, command, payload data, and message body, the data is sent to the cloud platform via TCP / IP. Users can access the cloud platform via mobile devices to obtain the corresponding refrigerated truck data and thus understand the status of the refrigerated truck compartment. Users can also send refrigerated truck control commands from their mobile devices, such as heating, defrosting, and cooling. Specifically, remote control commands are sent via Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT). The controller controls the corresponding devices by controlling relays, ultimately achieving refrigeration control of the refrigerated truck compartment.

[0031] The specific implementation process is as follows: The NCT temperature sensor, communication equipment, GPS device, and corresponding relays of the refrigerated truck's equipment are connected to their respective interfaces to acquire temperature and location data from the refrigerated truck compartment. The controller parses the received data and then sends it to the cloud platform via TCP / IP protocol using a data packet protocol consisting of version number, length, command, payload data, and message body. Specifically, the data is sent to the cloud platform via a 4G module. Users can access the cloud platform server via their mobile devices to view the temperature data of the refrigerated truck compartment. Users can also issue control commands to the refrigerated truck's equipment, such as cooling commands, via the Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. The controller then controls the refrigerated truck's equipment according to the user's commands, enabling remote control of the refrigerated truck. Compared to traditional on / off control, this method offers higher refrigeration efficiency.

[0032] This solution provides a novel circuit board as the intelligent control hub for an on-board refrigeration unit. The circuit board uses an STM32F405RGT6 microcontroller as its core, integrating digital signal processing and IoT functions through multiple interfaces. It supports OTA upgrades and GPS positioning via a 4G module, enhancing the level of intelligent operation and maintenance. Digital signals replace analog signals, enabling high-precision data acquisition from the NTC temperature sensor. The controller manages the engagement state of the relays in the refrigerated truck equipment, thereby implementing complex control logic and replacing traditional on / off control. It supports precise step control of the electronic expansion valve, optimizing refrigeration cycle efficiency. A charging management module addresses on-board power fluctuations and monitors the input voltage status in real time. Enables remote data transmission and remote monitoring of the temperature status of refrigerated trucks.

[0033] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model, and common technical solutions and / or characteristics known in the scheme are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of vehicle-mounted refrigeration systems, characterized in that, include: The controller and interface are connected, and the interface is used to connect different devices. The interface includes: a CAN interface, a communication module interface, an RS485 interface, a drive device relay connector interface, and a temperature sensor interface. The communication module interface is used to connect a communication module, which is used to connect to a cloud platform. The drive device relay connector interface is used to connect a relay that controls the operation of the refrigerated truck equipment. The temperature sensor interface is used to connect a temperature sensor, and the number of temperature sensor interfaces matches the number of temperature sensors inside the refrigerated truck compartment.

2. The control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of an on-board refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor interface is an NTC thermistor interface, and the temperature sensor is an NTC temperature sensor.

3. The control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of an on-board refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module, which is used to supply power to the controller.

4. The control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of an on-board refrigeration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a charging management module. The power supply module is connected to the refrigerated truck's power supply. The charging management module is used to connect the power supply module and the refrigerated truck's power supply. The charging management module is used to adapt to voltage fluctuations of different power supplies.

5. The control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of an on-board refrigeration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an ST-Link interface, which is used to connect to a host computer.

6. The control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of an on-board refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerated truck equipment includes: a condenser fan, a heater, a defrost solenoid valve, an evaporator fan, and a high-voltage contactor.

7. The control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of an on-board refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a storage interface for connecting to a memory.

8. The control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of an on-board refrigeration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The memory is a non-volatile memory.

9. The control device for efficiently improving the refrigeration efficiency of an on-board refrigeration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller's I / O ports are also used to connect a detection switch for detecting the opening and closing of refrigerated truck doors.

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