Hydraulic test model

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of water conservancy test technology, concretely relates to a water conservancy test model. Its including water conservancy test groove and water head water supply tank, be provided with model earth and rock dam in water conservancy test groove 1, model earth and rock dam divide water conservancy test groove into the different water level upper reaches water storage area and downstream drainage area, and the water level of upper reaches water storage area is higher than downstream drainage area, the water inlet of water head water supply tank is communicated with downstream drainage area liquid path, is used for the water of downstream drainage area is received in water head water supply tank, and the water outlet of water head water supply tank is communicated with upper reaches water storage area, is used for supplementing water head to upper reaches water storage area. The utility model avoids downstream drainage area ponding soaking model earth and rock dam and influences the stability of dam body, simultaneously receives the water that permeates in water head water supply tank, realizes the reuse of loss water, makes this water conservancy test model when long -term operation, basically does not need external water source, has improved the use convenience of equipment greatly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of water conservancy testing technology, and specifically relates to a water conservancy testing model. Background Technology

[0002] In research fields such as water conservancy engineering, hydrology, and water resources, model tests are an important means of exploring the laws of hydraulic phenomena and verifying the rationality of engineering designs. As the core parameter characterizing water flow energy in model tests, the stability of the head directly determines the accuracy, reliability, and scientific validity of the experiment.

[0003] In existing laboratory experimental models, gravity-type pressure stabilization devices are generally used to maintain the stability of the water head. These devices mainly consist of an elevated water tank and an overflow valve. They utilize the gravitational potential energy of the water in the elevated tank in conjunction with the overflow valve to maintain the water head at a set height in the test section. However, their disadvantages include relatively large site requirements, the elevated water tank occupying considerable space, and the water head adjustment range being constrained by the height of the elevated water tank.

[0004] In conclusion, head stability is a core prerequisite for maintaining consistent hydraulic conditions and ensuring the scientific validity of model experiments. It has a decisive impact on the reliability of experimental conclusions and their practical engineering application value. Therefore, developing laboratory hydraulic test models capable of achieving head stability control is of great significance for improving the quality and reliability of model experiments. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic test model to at least solve the problem of high cost of current test models.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objective, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A hydraulic test model includes a hydraulic test tank and a head replenishment tank. A model earth-rock dam is installed within the hydraulic test tank, dividing the test tank into an upstream storage area and a downstream drainage area with different water levels. The water level in the upstream storage area is higher than that in the downstream drainage area. The inlet of the head replenishment tank is connected to the liquid path of the downstream drainage area, used to collect water from the downstream drainage area into the head replenishment tank. The outlet of the head replenishment tank is connected to the upstream storage area, used to replenish the head of the upstream storage area.

[0007] In the hydraulic test model described above, as one preferred embodiment: an induction water storage motor is installed in the head replenishment tank, which is used to replenish the water in the head replenishment tank to the upstream water storage area; a humidity-sensing drainer is installed in the upstream water storage area, which is connected to the induction water storage motor and is used to adjust the start and stop of the induction water storage motor according to the change of the sensing signal of the humidity-sensing drainer.

[0008] In the hydraulic test model described above, as a preferred embodiment: the outlet of the humidity-sensing drainer is connected to the liquid circuit of the induction water storage motor. The induction water storage motor is configured such that: when an external water source replenishes water to the upstream water storage area, the induction water storage motor pumps water from the upstream water storage area to the head replenishment tank according to the sensing signal of the humidity-sensing drainer; when there is no external water source replenishment, the induction water storage motor pumps water from the upstream water storage area to the head replenishment tank according to the sensing signal of the humidity-sensing drainer.

[0009] In the hydraulic test model described above, as a preferred embodiment, a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the downstream drainage area, a drain pump is provided at the drain outlet, and the drain outlet is connected to the inlet of the head replenishment tank through the drain pump.

[0010] In the hydraulic test model described above, as one preferred embodiment: the head replenishment tank includes a first replenishment tank and a second replenishment tank. The head replenishment tank is connected to the downstream drainage area via the inlet of the first replenishment tank. The first replenishment tank and the second replenishment tank are connected via a grid-type outlet. The induction water storage motor is installed inside the second replenishment tank.

[0011] In the hydraulic test model described above, as one preferred embodiment, the bottom height of the fence-type water outlet is higher than the predetermined bottom height of the water replenishment tank.

[0012] In the hydraulic test model described above, as one preferred embodiment: the head replenishment tank is located in the upstream water storage area, the humidity-sensing drainer is located on the side wall of the head replenishment tank, and multiple humidity-sensing drainers are vertically spaced.

[0013] In the hydraulic test model described above, as a preferred embodiment, a seepage-proof strip is provided at the contact point between the earth-rock dam of the model and the inner wall of the hydraulic test trench.

[0014] In the hydraulic test model described above, as one preferred embodiment, the bottom of the downstream drainage zone is lower than the predetermined bottom height of the model earth-rock dam.

[0015] In the hydraulic test model described above, as one preferred embodiment, pressure and / or displacement sensors are distributed within the earth-rock dam of the model.

[0016] Compared with the closest existing technology, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The hydraulic test model provided by this utility model, by connecting the downstream drainage area with the head replenishment tank, facilitates the timely drainage of infiltrated water from the downstream drainage area, preventing water accumulation in the downstream drainage area from soaking the earth-rock dam model and affecting its stability. Simultaneously, the infiltrated water is collected into the head replenishment tank, realizing the reuse of lost water, saving water, and achieving water self-circulation. This means that the hydraulic test model basically does not require an external water source during long-term operation (as the head replenishment tank has a certain amount of water stored, it can replenish the evaporated water), greatly improving the ease of use of the equipment. By setting up two replenishment tanks, water sedimentation and purification are achieved, preventing turbidity from affecting head stability. By placing the replenishment tanks in the upstream water storage area, external space is saved, and the volume occupied by the head replenishment tanks is reduced, thus lowering the water volume requirement. Multiple humidity-sensing drainers allow the head in the upstream drainage area to be controlled at different heights, facilitating tests at different head levels. The hydraulic test model of this utility model has a simple and compact structure, and stable and reliable head adjustment, which is of great significance for hydraulic test models, especially earth-rock dam model tests. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic test model structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Exploded view of the hydraulic test model according to an embodiment of this utility model Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Exploded view of the hydraulic test model according to an embodiment of this utility model Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the head replenishment tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Hydraulic test tank; 11. Upstream water storage area; 12. Downstream drainage area; 13. Drainage outlet; 2. Water head replenishment tank; 21. Water replenishment tank 1; 22. Water replenishment tank 2; 23. Inlet; 24. Induction water storage motor; 25. Humidity-sensing drain; 26. Fence-type outlet; 3. Model earth-rock dam; 4. Drainage pump; 5. Seepage barrier strip; 6. Cement water retaining dam. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not require that this utility model be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. The terms "connected" and "linked" used in this utility model should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, where Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic test model structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Exploded view of the hydraulic test model according to an embodiment of this utility model Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Exploded view of the hydraulic test model according to an embodiment of this utility model Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the water head replenishment tank 2 in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] An embodiment of this utility model provides a hydraulic test model, which includes a hydraulic test tank 1 and a head replenishment tank 2. A model earth-rock dam 3 is set in the hydraulic test tank 1, which divides the hydraulic test tank 1 into an upstream water storage area 11 and a downstream drainage area 12 with different water levels. The water level in the upstream water storage area 11 is higher than that in the downstream drainage area 12. The inlet 23 of the head replenishment tank 2 is connected to the liquid path of the downstream drainage area 12 and is used to collect water from the downstream drainage area 12 into the head replenishment tank 2. The outlet of the head replenishment tank 2 is connected to the upstream water storage area 11 and is used to replenish the head of the upstream water storage area 11.

[0024] In use, the hydraulic test model of this utility model involves injecting water into the upstream reservoir 11 to reach a predetermined water head, then adding an appropriate amount of water to the head replenishment tank 2, and finally closing the external water inlet. Due to slight leakage in the model's earthen dam 3, water from the upstream reservoir 11 seeps from the dam to the downstream drainage area 12 on the right, causing a decrease in water head. At this point, water from the head replenishment tank 2 replenishes the upstream reservoir 11 until the water head reaches the original predetermined height. This utility model incorporates an outlet in the downstream drainage area 12 and... The outlet is connected to the head replenishment tank 2, which facilitates the timely drainage of the infiltrated water from the downstream drainage area 12. This prevents the water from accumulating in the downstream drainage area 12 and soaking the model earth-rock dam 3, thus affecting the stability of the dam. At the same time, the infiltrated water is collected into the head replenishment tank 2, realizing the reuse of lost water. This not only saves water but also realizes the self-circulation of the water body. As a result, the hydraulic test model basically does not need an external water source during long-term operation (because the head replenishment tank 2 has a certain amount of water, it can replenish the evaporated water), which greatly improves the ease of use of the equipment.

[0025] Furthermore, an induction water-storage motor 24 is installed inside the head water supply tank 2. The induction water-storage motor 24 is used to replenish the water in the head water supply tank 2 to the upstream water storage area 11. A humidity-sensing drain 25 is installed inside the upstream water storage area 11. The humidity-sensing drain 25 is connected to the induction water-storage motor 24 and is used to adjust the start and stop of the induction water-storage motor 24 according to the change of the sensing signal of the humidity-sensing drain 25. The outlet of the humidity-sensing drain 25 is connected to the liquid circuit of the induction water-storage motor 24. The induction water-storage motor 24 is configured such that: when an external water source replenishes water to the upstream water storage area 11, the induction water-storage motor 24 pumps water from the upstream water storage area 11 to the head water supply tank 2 according to the sensing signal of the humidity-sensing drain 25; when there is no external water source replenishment, the induction water-storage motor 24 pumps water from the upstream water storage area 11 to the head water supply tank 2 according to the sensing signal of the humidity-sensing drain 25.

[0026] In this embodiment, the humidity-sensing drainer 25 has a liquid level detection function and is equipped with a water outlet through which water is injected into the upstream water storage area 11. During use, the sensing height of the humidity-sensing drainer 25 is consistent with the target liquid level. When the water head is lower than the target height, the humidity-sensing drainer 25 cannot sense the liquid level and sends an electrical signal to the induction water storage motor 24. The induction water storage motor 24 then starts the water injection mode, injecting water from the water head replenishment tank 2 into the upstream water storage area 11 through the water outlet of the humidity-sensing drainer 25 until the water head reaches the expected height. All electrical components in this embodiment, such as the induction water storage motor 24, the humidity-sensing drainer 25, and the drain pump 4 (described later), are electrically connected to a power source (not shown). The power source can be a storage device, a generator, or connected to mains power; no limitation is made here.

[0027] Furthermore, a drain outlet 13 is provided at the bottom of the downstream drainage area 12, and a drain pump 4 is provided at the drain outlet 13. The drain outlet 13 is connected to the inlet 23 of the head replenishment tank 2 through the drain pump 4.

[0028] Furthermore, the head replenishment tank 2 includes a primary replenishment tank 21 and a secondary replenishment tank 22. The head replenishment tank 2 is connected to the downstream drainage area 12 via the inlet 23 of the primary replenishment tank 21. The primary replenishment tank 21 and the secondary replenishment tank 22 are connected via a grid-type outlet 26, and the induction water storage motor 24 is installed inside the secondary replenishment tank 22. By connecting the primary replenishment tank 21 to the secondary replenishment tank 22 via the grid-type outlet 26, water disturbance in the primary tank can be prevented from being transmitted to the secondary tank, thereby avoiding any impact on the head sensing.

[0029] Furthermore, the bottom height of the gate-type outlet 26 is higher than the predetermined bottom height of the first water supply tank 21. Since the water in the downstream drainage area 12 seeps in through the model earth-rock dam 3, it will inevitably contain a small amount of impurities such as silt. By setting the bottom height of the gate-type outlet 26 higher than the predetermined bottom height of the first water supply tank 21, the impurities in the water discharged from the drainage outlet 13 into the first water supply tank 21 will settle at the bottom and cannot enter the second water supply tank 22 through the gate-type outlet 26, thereby preventing impurities from entering the upstream water storage area 11 through the head water supply tank 2 and affecting the water quality.

[0030] Furthermore, the head replenishment tank 2 is located within the upstream water storage area 11, and the humidity-sensing drainers 25 are located on the side wall of the head replenishment tank 2. Multiple humidity-sensing drainers 25 are vertically spaced. In this embodiment, humidity sensors are arranged in four rows with two sensors per row. Placing the head replenishment tank 2 within the upstream water storage area 11 saves external space, reduces the volume occupied by the tank, and decreases the water demand. The multiple humidity-sensing drainers 25 allow for control of the water head in the upstream drainage area at different heights, facilitating experiments with varying water head levels.

[0031] Furthermore, an anti-seepage strip 5 is provided at the contact point between the model earth-rock dam 3 and the inner wall of the hydraulic test tank 1. Since the contact points between real earth-rock dams and foundation trenches are staggered, water will not leak from the interface between the earth-rock dam and the foundation. To facilitate external observation, the laboratory model earth-rock dam 3 is typically housed in a glass tank for the hydraulic test tank 1. Because the inner wall of the glass tank is relatively smooth, even when the model earth-rock dam 3 is compacted, water can easily leak from the interface between the model earth-rock dam 3 and the inner wall of the hydraulic test tank 1. Interface leakage quickly affects the stability of the hydraulic head and the stability of the model earth-rock dam 3, hindering the normal conduct of the experiment. In this embodiment, an anti-seepage strip 5 is provided at the contact point between the model earth-rock dam 3 and the inner wall of the hydraulic test tank 1. The anti-seepage strip 5 is adhered to the inner wall of the hydraulic test tank 1 and embedded within the model earth-rock dam 3 during its construction, thereby achieving stable contact between the model earth-rock dam 3 and the hydraulic test tank 1 and preventing interface leakage.

[0032] Furthermore, the bottom of the downstream drainage zone 12 is lower than the predetermined bottom height of the model earth-rock dam 3. Since waterlogging of the model earth-rock dam 3 in the downstream drainage zone 12 would affect its stability, to further prevent water accumulation in the downstream drainage zone 12 due to untimely drainage by the drainage pump, the bottom of the downstream drainage zone 12 is set lower than the predetermined bottom height of the model earth-rock dam 3. This ensures that the foundation of the model earth-rock dam 3 will not be submerged when water accumulates in the downstream drainage zone 12, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the model earth-rock dam 3. In this embodiment, a cement retaining dam 6 with a height of approximately 8 cm is installed at the bottom of the hydraulic test trench 1 below the model earth-rock dam 3, and the model earth-rock dam 3 is constructed on the cement retaining dam 6.

[0033] Furthermore, pressure and / or displacement sensors (not shown in the figure) are distributed inside the model earth-rock dam 3 to facilitate the detection of the stress and deformation inside the model earth-rock dam 3.

[0034] In summary, the hydraulic test model provided by this utility model, by connecting the downstream drainage area with the head replenishment tank, facilitates the timely drainage of infiltrated water from the downstream drainage area, preventing water accumulation in the downstream drainage area from soaking the model's earth-rock dam and affecting its stability. Simultaneously, the infiltrated water is collected into the head replenishment tank, achieving water reuse and saving water while also realizing water self-circulation. This means that the hydraulic test model essentially does not require an external water source during long-term operation (as the head replenishment tank has a certain amount of stored water to replenish evaporated water), greatly improving the ease of use of the equipment. By setting up two replenishment tanks, water sedimentation and purification are achieved, preventing turbidity from affecting head stability. By placing the replenishment tanks within the upstream water storage area, external space is saved, and the volume occupied by the head replenishment tanks is reduced, decreasing the water demand. Multiple humidity-sensing drainers allow for control of the head in the upstream drainage area at different heights, facilitating tests at varying head levels. The hydraulic test model of this invention has a simple and compact structure and stable and reliable head adjustment, which is of great significance for hydraulic test models, especially earth-rock dam model tests.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Images