A tunnel sewage drainage treatment system in an alpine region

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tunnel drainage system, concretely relates to a high-cold region tunnel sewage drainage treatment system, aims at solving the problem that the tunnel in high-cold region is easy to freeze. Including a plurality of sewage pipes arranged in the tunnel, the middle part of the tunnel is excavated downward and has a deep ditch, the sewage pipes are arranged on both sides of the deep ditch, the deep ditch is provided with a heat preservation pipe, the sewage pipe is communicated through a separation assembly and the heat preservation pipe, and the outlet of the heat preservation pipe is connected with a sewage outlet and a water outlet respectively. The separation assembly and the heat preservation pipe are integrally arranged, realize two functions of separation and anti-freezing, reduce the risk of fluid freezing, blockage and icing, and ensure that the sewage and drainage circuit runs smoothly at low temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to tunnel drainage systems, specifically to a sewage drainage and treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel engineering, the drainage system is a critical facility for ensuring construction safety and long-term operational safety. At the tunnel floor or roadbed, rainwater, snowmelt, and seepage water carry large amounts of sediment and enter the drainage system through drainage pipes. In high-altitude and cold regions, where winter temperatures are extremely low (can drop below -20°C), the drainage system faces even more severe challenges than in areas with normal temperatures.

[0003] Traditional tunnel drainage pipes are typically single-layered structures. When water carries silt, the silt easily deposits at the bottom of the pipe, forming sediment. In low-temperature environments, the water flow slows down, making it difficult to flush away the sediment, leading to partial or complete blockage of the pipe and severely impacting drainage efficiency. Furthermore, in cold regions, the temperature inside tunnels is low, especially in the silt-water deposition zone at the bottom of the pipe, where the low water flow velocity makes it prone to freezing. The mixture of silt and ice further clogs the pipe, causing drainage interruptions and increasing the operational risks of the tunnel.

[0004] In addition, traditional single-layer drainage pipes cannot effectively separate mud and water inside the pipe. They can only rely on manual periodic cleaning of sediment or the installation of large sedimentation wells for centralized sludge removal. However, in cold regions, construction conditions are harsh, sedimentation tanks or wells are prone to freezing, sludge removal and dredging operations are complex, and maintenance costs are high. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that sewage pipes in tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions are easily affected by cold weather, causing mud and water to freeze and block the pipes. The purpose is to provide a sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions, which can separate the mud and water mixture in the sewage pipe and discharge it separately, and adds insulation measures to reduce the impact of freezing.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions includes several sewage pipes installed inside the tunnel. A deep ditch is excavated downward in the middle of the tunnel. The sewage pipes are arranged on both sides of the deep ditch. An insulated pipe is installed inside the deep ditch. The sewage pipes are connected to the insulated pipes through a separation component. The outlet of the insulated pipe is connected to a sewage outlet and a drainage outlet, respectively.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the separation component and the insulation pipe are integrated into one, realizing the dual functions of separation and antifreeze, reducing the risk of fluid freezing, blockage and icing, and ensuring that the sewage and drainage circuits operate smoothly at low temperatures.

[0008] Preferably, the separation component includes a sludge collection hopper and a guide tube, the guide tube is disposed inside the sludge collection hopper, there is a gap between the guide tube and the inner wall of the sludge collection hopper, and the sewage pipe passes through the sludge collection hopper and communicates with the guide tube.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the guide tube and the sludge collection hopper form rising and falling zones, which induce the sedimentation of large particles through changes in flow velocity, significantly improving the efficiency of gravity sedimentation and enhancing the recovery rate and the clarity of the effluent.

[0010] Preferably, the sludge collecting hopper has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards, and the guide tube also has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the conical structure allows the settling particles to slide down the cone wall by their own weight to the mud collection area, which is conducive to the concentration of mud and sand, automatic sliding and mud discharge. The cone apex facing down can reduce the dead zone of retention, reduce the possibility of mud consolidation, facilitate regular or automatic mud discharge, and reduce maintenance intensity.

[0012] Preferably, the central axis of the sewage pipe is tangent to the inner peripheral wall of the guide tube.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the tangential arrangement of the sewage pipe and the guide tube will produce an eccentric inflow effect, which will cause the incoming liquid to form a more favorable flow field around the guide tube, which is conducive to the settling of solid particles towards the inner wall rather than being carried out directly with the sewage flow.

[0014] Preferably, the insulation pipe includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe arranged coaxially, the inner pipe is sleeved inside the outer pipe, and a flow channel is formed between the outer pipe and the inner pipe. A mud discharge valve is provided at the bottom of the guide tube, the mud discharge valve is connected to a mud discharge pipe, the mud discharge pipe is connected to the inner pipe, and an overflow valve is provided at the top of the mud collection hopper, the overflow valve is connected to a drain pipe, the drain pipe is connected to the outer pipe.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the flow channel formed by the coaxial inner and outer pipes physically separates the sewage discharge channel from the clean water channel. The sludge discharge valve connected to the inner pipe can guide the concentrated sludge into the inner pipe and discharge it through the inner pipe. The overflow valve connected to the outer pipe allows the clean water to be discharged separately through the outer pipe, realizing continuous or intermittent separation and discharge management.

[0016] Preferably, the inner circumferential wall of the inner tube is provided with several grooves, the bottom surface of the deep water ditch is an inclined surface, and the height of the side of the deep water ditch near the sewage outlet is lower than the height of the separation component.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the groove in the inner tube is used to guide and retain the accumulation of sediment, increase the probability of mud particles entering the inner tube and prevent backflow.

[0018] Preferably, the inner tube has several through holes on its upper part, and the height of the drain outlet is lower than the opening height of the through holes.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the upper layer of clear water can enter the flow channel through the through hole, thereby achieving preferential overflow and discharge of the upper clear liquid, while the heavier particles continue to settle in the lower part.

[0020] Preferably, a filter cloth is provided on the inner peripheral wall above the inner tube.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the filter cloth can trap fine particles and serve as a pre-filtration layer, further improving the clarity of the effluent and preventing fine mud from entering the flow channel.

[0022] Preferably, an insulation layer is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer tube and the outer peripheral wall of the inner tube, and a waterproof layer is connected to the outside of the insulation layer.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the inner and outer pipes and flow channels are all wrapped with insulation layers, forming a fully enclosed insulation system, which greatly reduces heat loss.

[0024] Preferably, the flow channel is connected to a conveying pipe, which is used to convey hot water or steam into the flow channel.

[0025] In the above technical solution, active heating capacity is provided by circulating hot water or steam in the flow channel, which can maintain fluid temperature, keep mud fluidity and prevent solidification or freezing under extreme low temperature conditions.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The inverted cone structure of the sludge collection hopper and the guide tube effectively pre-treats the sewage after it is discharged through the sewage pipe, separating the sludge and water and discharging them into the inner and outer pipes respectively. The outer pipe is used to discharge the supernatant, while the inner pipe is used to discharge the sludge. Insulation and waterproof layers are added to the inner and outer pipes to further improve the insulation effect and reduce the freezing of the sludge. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the tunnel drainage system of this utility model inside the tunnel; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the separation component and the insulation pipe in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the separation component and the insulation pipe in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the detachable component in this utility model.

[0028] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: 1. Deep water ditch; 11. Sewage pipe; 21. Sludge hopper; 22. Flow guide tube; 3. Outer pipe; 4. Inner pipe; 41. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are for explaining the utility model only and are not intended to limit the utility model. It should be noted that this utility model is already in the actual research and development stage.

[0030] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides a sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in cold regions, including several sewage pipes 11 installed in the tunnel. A deep ditch 1 is excavated downward in the middle of the tunnel. The sewage pipes 11 are arranged on both sides of the deep ditch 1. An insulated pipe is installed in the deep ditch 1. The sewage pipes 11 are connected to the insulated pipe through a separation component. The outlet of the insulated pipe is connected to a sewage outlet and a drainage outlet respectively.

[0031] The separation assembly includes a sludge hopper 21 and a guide tube 22. The guide tube 22 is disposed inside the sludge hopper 21, and there is a gap between the guide tube 22 and the inner wall of the sludge hopper 21. The sewage pipe 11 passes through the sludge hopper 21 and the guide tube 22 and communicates with it.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the mud collection hopper 21 has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards, and the guide tube 22 also has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the central axis of the sewage pipe 11 is tangent to the inner circumferential wall of the guide tube 22.

[0034] It should be noted that, as Figure 1As shown, a channel is excavated downwards inside the tunnel to bury a sewage pipe 11. The top of the sewage pipe 11 connects to a sewage ditch inside the tunnel to collect sewage from the tunnel. The sewage in the tunnel generally contains dust, sand particles, etc., which form a mud-water mixture after mixing with water. The mud-water mixture flows along the sewage pipe 11 to a separation component, which separates the water and impurities in the mud-water mixture before flowing to the insulation pipe. In particular, a clean water pipe is also installed inside the tunnel to collect water from the fissures behind the surrounding rock. The water from the fissures is relatively clearer than the sewage in the sewage pipe 11. The clean water pipe is directly connected to the insulation pipe to transport clean water. In cold regions, if mud and sand block the drainage, the sewage ditch inside the tunnel will freeze and overflow onto the road surface, causing accidents. In this embodiment, the sewage pipe 11 and the clean water pipe can discharge into the insulation pipe respectively and finally out of the tunnel. This can reduce pollution in the area around the tunnel and collect sewage in time, and discharge it quickly after separation, preventing the risk of freezing and blockage.

[0035] Regarding the separation steps of the mud-water mixture by the sewage pipe 11: The sewage pipe 11 can be tilted downwards towards one side of the deep water ditch 1 to facilitate the flow of the mud-water mixture inside. The outlet of the sewage pipe 11 is connected to the guide cylinder 22, and the central axis of the sewage pipe 11 is tangent to the inner peripheral wall of the guide cylinder 22. When the mud-water mixture in the sewage pipe 11 is discharged into the guide cylinder 22, it will rotate downwards along the inner peripheral wall of the guide cylinder 22 and enter the guide cylinder 22. During the downward rotation of the mud-water mixture, the large particles containing impurities are thrown off the side wall of the guide cylinder 22 and fall to settle, while the water in the mud-water mixture rises.

[0036] Preferably, a flow valve should be installed on the sewage pipe 11. When the sewage pipe 11 initially discharges water until it overflows from the top of the guide tube 22, the flow valve can be adjusted to keep the sewage pipe 11 in a slow flow state, so that the water overflowing from the guide tube 22 is always in an overflow state and can fall along the outer peripheral wall of the guide tube 22 into the sludge collection hopper 21. After being collected and transitioned by the guide tube 22, the number of large particles of debris in the water overflowing from the top of the guide tube 22 is significantly reduced. The guide tube 22 is conical with the cone apex pointing downwards. When the overflowing water flows downwards along the outer peripheral wall of the guide tube 22, the conical outer peripheral wall can act as a... The guide tube 22 allows water to drip from its conical tip into the sludge collection hopper 21. Even if the overflowing water contains a small amount of impurities, the heavier impurities will settle during the dripping process, while the lighter water will float and remain above the impurities. As the overflowing water volume increases and sedimentation occurs over a long period, the conical tip of the sludge collection hopper 21 will store some of the settled impurities. Preferably, a valve can be installed at the conical tip of the sludge collection hopper 21. After the accumulated impurities in the sludge collection hopper 21 reach a certain level, the valve can be opened to discharge the impurities after the water in the sludge collection hopper 21 has been drained. This valve can be opened and closed periodically to clean the sludge collection hopper 21.

[0037] Example 2: like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the insulation pipe includes an outer pipe 3 and an inner pipe 4 arranged coaxially. The inner pipe 4 is sleeved inside the outer pipe 3, and a flow channel is formed between the outer pipe 3 and the inner pipe 4. A mud discharge valve is provided at the bottom of the guide cylinder 22, and the mud discharge valve is connected to a mud discharge pipe, which is connected to the inner pipe 4. An overflow valve is provided at the top of the mud collection hopper 21, and the overflow valve is connected to a drain pipe, which is connected to the outer pipe 3.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, several grooves are provided on the inner circumferential wall of the inner tube 4, the bottom surface of the deep water ditch 1 is a slope, and the height of the side of the deep water ditch 1 near the sewage outlet is lower than the height of the separation component.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, several through holes 41 are provided above the inner tube 4, and the height of the drain outlet is lower than the opening height of the through holes 41.

[0040] A filter cloth is provided on the inner circumferential wall above the inner tube 4.

[0041] An insulation layer is connected to the inner circumferential wall of the outer tube 3 and the outer circumferential wall of the inner tube 4, and a waterproof layer is connected to the outside of the insulation layer.

[0042] Specifically, in Example 1, after a certain amount of sludge settles at the bottom of the guide tube 22, it flows to the inner tube 4 of the insulation pipe through the sludge discharge valve, which can prevent too much sludge in the guide tube 22 from flowing into the sludge collection hopper 21. When the water settled in the sludge collection hopper 21 reaches the height of the overflow valve, it is discharged into the outer cylinder. At this time, the water discharged into the outer cylinder has a significantly lower impurity content compared to the sewage in the sewage discharge pipe 11.

[0043] At this time, the inner tube 4 of the insulation pipe is filled with settled sludge, while the outer tube 3 of the insulation pipe is filled with settled and clarified water. In tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions, this effectively separates water and mud, avoiding the risk of blockage caused by ice formation due to a large amount of water in the mud.

[0044] The sludge flowing in the inner pipe 4 also contains a certain amount of water. During the flow, the sludge continues to settle downwards, while the settled water floats to the top. As the amount of sludge entering the inner pipe 4 increases, the amount of settled water and sludge also increases accordingly and rises. The floating water passes through the filter cloth and through the through hole 41, flows along the outer peripheral wall of the inner pipe 4 to the outer pipe 3, and mixes with the water in the outer pipe 3. The filter cloth can be used to filter impurities in the inner pipe 4, allowing only the settled water to pass through. It should be noted that the water level in the outer pipe 3 should be lower than the height of the through hole 41. The flow rate and volume of the water entering the outer pipe 3 can be controlled by adjusting the overflow valve.

[0045] The separate flow of water and mud during the above process greatly reduces the risk of sludge freezing and clogging. More preferably, an insulation layer is connected to the inner wall of the outer pipe 3 and the outer wall of the inner pipe 4. The insulation layer can be made of one or more of mineral wool, aerogel felt, and insulation cotton. A waterproof layer is connected to the outside of the insulation layer. The waterproof layer can effectively isolate the water in the outer pipe 3 from the insulation layer, providing insulation for the outer pipe 3 and the inner pipe 4.

[0046] It should also be noted that the clean water pipe in Example 1 is connected to the external pipe, and the water discharged into the flow channel is discharged together with the water separated from the sewage pipe 11, which can avoid mixing with the sewage in the sewage pipe 11.

[0047] Example 3: The flow channel is connected to a delivery pipe, which is used to deliver hot water or steam into the flow channel.

[0048] In winter, the temperature inside the tunnel in high-altitude and cold regions will drop further. To avoid the risk of freezing, hot water or steam can be supplied to the flow channel through the delivery pipe for heating and insulation. The liquid level in the flow channel is always lower than the through hole 41. Therefore, there is always a gap between the liquid level in the flow channel and the inner top surface of the outer pipe 3. The outlet of the delivery pipe can be installed on the top surface of the outer pipe 3. A pump room is set up in the tunnel. The pump room is used to supply heat to the outer pipe 3 through the delivery pipe.

[0049] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions, comprising a plurality of sewage pipes (11) installed inside the tunnel, wherein a deep ditch (1) is excavated downward in the middle of the tunnel, and the sewage pipes (11) are arranged on both sides of the deep ditch (1), characterized in that, The deep ditch (1) is equipped with an insulated pipe. The sewage pipe (11) is connected to the insulated pipe through a separation component. The outlet of the insulated pipe is connected to a sewage outlet and a drainage outlet respectively. The separation component includes a sludge hopper (21) and a guide tube (22). The guide tube (22) is set inside the sludge hopper (21). There is a gap between the guide tube (22) and the inner wall of the sludge hopper (21). The sewage pipe (11) passes through the sludge hopper (21) and the guide tube (22) and is connected.

2. The wastewater drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud collection hopper (21) has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards. The guide tube (22) also has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards.

3. The sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central axis of the sewage pipe (11) is tangent to the inner circumferential wall of the guide tube (22).

4. The wastewater drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation pipe includes an outer pipe (3) and an inner pipe (4) arranged coaxially. The inner pipe (4) is sleeved inside the outer pipe (3). A flow channel is formed between the outer pipe (3) and the inner pipe (4). A mud discharge valve is provided at the bottom of the guide tube (22). The mud discharge valve is connected to a mud discharge pipe. The mud discharge pipe is connected to the inner pipe (4). An overflow valve is provided at the top of the mud collection hopper (21). The overflow valve is connected to a drain pipe. The drain pipe is connected to the outer pipe (3).

5. A sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inner tube (4) has several grooves, the bottom surface of the deep water ditch (1) is an inclined surface, and the height of the deep water ditch (1) near the sewage outlet is lower than the height of the separation component.

6. A sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner tube (4) has several through holes (41) on its upper part, and the height of the drain outlet is lower than the opening height of the through holes (41).

7. A sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner circumferential wall above the inner tube (4) is provided with filter cloth.

8. A sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner circumferential wall of the outer tube (3) and the outer circumferential wall of the inner tube (4) are connected to a heat insulation layer, and a waterproof layer is connected to the outside of the heat insulation layer.

9. A sewage drainage treatment system for tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow channel is connected to a delivery pipe, which is used to deliver hot water or steam into the flow channel.

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