Preheating device and engine

Abstract

The application discloses a preheating device and an engine, and belongs to the technical field of engines.The preheating device comprises a preheating assembly, a shell and a heat exchange assembly.The preheating assembly is provided with a containing cavity, a first water inlet and a first water outlet, and the first water inlet and the first water outlet are communicated with the containing cavity respectively.The preheating assembly comprises a heater, and the heater is arranged in the containing cavity and used for heating medium in the containing cavity.The shell is provided with a containing space, and the containing space is used for storing lubricating oil.The heat exchange assembly is arranged in the containing space, one end of the heat exchange assembly is communicated with the first water outlet, and the other end of the heat exchange assembly is communicated with the first water inlet.By feeding the heated medium into the heat exchange assembly to exchange heat with the lubricating oil in the containing space, the preheating function of the lubricating oil can be realized in an extremely cold environment, so that the environmental self-adapting capability of the engine is improved.In addition, the preheating assembly can be arranged flexibly according to the installation space, the preheating assembly or the shell can be maintained individually, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to a preheating device and an engine. Background Technology

[0002] In extremely cold environments, lubricating oil becomes very viscous, making it impossible for diesel engines to establish effective lubricating oil pressure during startup. This fails to meet the lubrication requirements for the friction pairs, resulting in the engine's inability to start normally. Currently, lubricating oil preheating relies on boiler heating, which suffers from problems such as long heating times and poor environmental adaptability. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a preheating device and an engine with a shorter lubricating oil heating time and stronger environmental adaptability, thereby at least partially solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a preheating device is provided, comprising: A preheating assembly has a receiving cavity, a first inlet and a first outlet, the first inlet and the first outlet being connected to the receiving cavity respectively. The preheating assembly includes a heater located inside the receiving cavity, and the heater is used to heat the medium inside the receiving cavity. The casing has a receiving space for storing lubricating oil; A heat exchange component is disposed within the accommodating space. One end of the heat exchange component is connected to the first water outlet, and the other end of the heat exchange component is connected to the first water inlet.

[0005] Optionally, the shell has a second water inlet and a second water outlet, which are respectively connected to the receiving space; The preheating device includes a first pipeline and a second pipeline. The first pipeline is connected to a first water outlet and a second water inlet. The second pipeline is connected to the second water outlet and the first water inlet. The heat exchange component is connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

[0006] Optionally, the heat exchange assembly includes a coil structure for introducing a medium and providing heat to the lubricating oil.

[0007] Optionally, the coil structure is positioned below the lowest lubricating oil level during engine operation within the housing.

[0008] Optionally, the housing includes a third outlet, which is equipped with a valve.

[0009] Optionally, the preheating device includes control components; The preheating assembly includes multiple heaters, each of which is electrically connected to a control assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the multiple heaters.

[0010] Optionally, the preheating device includes a first temperature sensor, which is disposed in the housing and electrically connected to the control component.

[0011] Optionally, the preheating device includes a second temperature sensor, which is disposed on the preheating component and electrically connected to the control component.

[0012] Optionally, the preheating device includes a third temperature sensor, which is disposed between the housing and the first water inlet and is electrically connected to the control component.

[0013] Optionally, the preheating device includes a pump body disposed between the housing and the first outlet, and the pump body is electrically connected to the control assembly.

[0014] According to a second aspect of this application, an engine is provided, including the preheating device described above.

[0015] The preheating device of this application embodiment includes a preheating component, a housing, and a heat exchange component. The preheating component has a receiving cavity, a first inlet, and a first outlet, which are respectively connected to the receiving cavity. The preheating component includes a heater located inside the receiving cavity, which is used to heat the medium inside the receiving cavity. The housing has a receiving space for storing lubricating oil. The heat exchange component is disposed within the receiving space, with one end connected to the first outlet and the other end connected to the first inlet. By introducing a heated medium into the heat exchange component to exchange heat with the lubricating oil in the receiving space, the lubricating oil can be preheated in extremely cold environments, thereby improving the engine's environmental adaptability. Furthermore, the preheating component can be flexibly arranged according to the installation space, facilitating separate maintenance of the preheating component or the housing, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0016] The engine in this application embodiment includes the preheating device described above. Therefore, the engine can have all the technical features and beneficial effects of the preheating device described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preheating device provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the preheating component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the preheating component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Preheating component; 2. Housing; 3. Heat exchange component; 4. Control component; 5. First temperature sensor; 6. Second temperature sensor; 7. Third temperature sensor; 8. Pump body; 9. Motor; 10. Receiving cavity; 11. First inlet; 12. First outlet; 13. Heater; 20. Receiving space; 21. Second inlet; 22. Second outlet; 23. Third outlet; 30. First pipeline; 31. Second pipeline; 300. Coil structure. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The applicant noted that heavy-duty mining trucks are the main transportation tools in large open-pit mines. These heavy-duty dump trucks are used to complete rock and earthwork stripping and ore transportation tasks. Their working characteristics include short transport distances, heavy loads, and shuttling between mining and unloading points, undertaking the main transportation tasks in mining operations. Open-pit mines are generally located at high altitudes of 500m to 1500m, in areas where winter temperatures are consistently below -20℃, and can drop to -40℃ in extreme weather. The diesel engine, as the prime mover of heavy-duty mining trucks, is particularly important for starting in such extremely cold environments. However, the lubricating oil in these conditions is very viscous, making it impossible to establish effective lubricating oil pressure during startup, failing to meet the lubrication requirements for the friction pairs, and causing the diesel engine to fail to start normally. Currently, the lubricating oil preheating of heavy-duty mining trucks relies on the truck's own boiler, which suffers from long heating times and poor environmental adaptability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a preheating device with shorter heating times and stronger environmental adaptability.

[0023] In view of this, this application provides a preheating device, including a preheating component 1, a housing 2, and a heat exchange component 3. The preheating component 1 has a receiving cavity 10, a first inlet 11, and a first outlet 12, which are respectively connected to the receiving cavity 10. The preheating component 1 includes a heater 13 located inside the receiving cavity 10, which is used to heat the medium inside the receiving cavity 10. The housing 2 has a receiving space 20 for storing lubricating oil. The heat exchange component 3 is disposed inside the receiving space 20, with one end connected to the first outlet 12 and the other end connected to the first inlet 11. By introducing a heated medium into the heat exchange component 3 to exchange heat with the lubricating oil in the receiving space 20, the heating time is short, thereby enabling the preheating function of the lubricating oil in extremely cold environments, thus improving the engine's environmental adaptability. In addition, the preheating component 1 can be flexibly arranged according to the installation space, facilitating separate maintenance of the preheating component 1 or the housing 2, reducing maintenance costs.

[0024] The preheating device and engine of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0025] This application provides a preheating device, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a preheating device provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. The preheating device includes a preheating component 1 and a housing 2. The preheating component 1 has a receiving cavity 10, a first inlet 11, and a first outlet 12. The first inlet 11 and the first outlet 12 are respectively connected to the receiving cavity 10. The preheating component 1 includes a heater 13, which is located inside the receiving cavity 10 and is used to heat the medium inside the receiving cavity 10. The housing 2 has a receiving space 20 for storing lubricating oil. A heat exchange component 3 is disposed inside the receiving space 20. One end of the heat exchange component 3 is connected to the first outlet 12, and the other end of the heat exchange component 3 is connected to the first inlet 11. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the preheating component 1 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the preheating component 1 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. The heater 13 of the preheating component 1 is located inside the receiving cavity 10. It heats the medium inside the receiving cavity 10 and then introduces it into the heat exchange component 3 through the first outlet 12. The heated medium in the heat exchange component 3 exchanges heat with the lubricating oil stored in the receiving space 20 inside the housing 2, and then returns to the receiving cavity 10 of the preheating component 1 through the first inlet 11. This configuration enables the preheating function of lubricating oil in extremely cold environments, improving heating efficiency and enhancing the engine's environmental adaptability. In addition, the preheating component 1 can be flexibly arranged according to the installation space, facilitating separate maintenance of the preheating component 1 or the housing 2, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0026] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing 2 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing 2 provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application. The housing 2 has a second inlet 21 and a second outlet 22, which are respectively connected to the receiving space 20. The preheating device includes a first pipe 30 and a second pipe 31. The first pipe 30 is connected to the first outlet 12 and the second inlet 21, and the second pipe 31 is connected to the second outlet 22 and the first inlet 11. The heat exchange component 3 is connected to the first pipe 30 and the third pipe 32. The medium flows out from the first outlet 12 of the preheating component 1, is transported to the second inlet 21 of the housing 2 through the first pipe 30, and enters the receiving space 20 of the housing 2. In the receiving space 20, the medium exchanges heat with the lubricating oil stored in the receiving space 20 of the housing 2 through the heat exchange component 3. The medium after heat exchange flows out through the second outlet 22 of the housing 2 and flows back to the first inlet 11 of the preheating component 1 through the second pipe 31, forming a closed loop. The medium circulates between the preheating component 1 and the shell 2 through the first pipe 30, the second pipe 31 and the heat exchange component 3, and can continuously exchange heat with the lubricating oil in the shell 2. The circulating medium can form more sufficient contact with the lubricating oil, thereby reducing heat loss and improving heating efficiency.

[0027] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The heat exchange assembly 3 includes a coil structure 300, which is used to introduce the medium and provide heat to the lubricating oil. By repeatedly coiling the pipes within a limited space, the coil structure 300 can significantly increase the contact area between the heat exchange assembly 3 and the lubricating oil inside the housing 2, allowing for more thorough heat exchange between the medium and the lubricating oil, thereby accelerating the heating rate of the lubricating oil and shortening the preheating time. Furthermore, the internal space of the engine housing 2, i.e., the oil pan, is typically quite compact. The coil structure 300, through its spiral coiling, allows for the arrangement of longer pipes within a smaller space, meeting heat exchange requirements without additionally increasing the volume of the housing 2.

[0028] In some embodiments, the coil structure 300 is located within the housing 2 at the lowest lubricating oil level during engine operation. It is understood that during engine operation, the lubricating oil level is dynamic due to factors such as circulation and consumption. If the lubricating oil level falls below the lowest lubricating oil level, insufficient lubrication may occur. This embodiment ensures that the coil structure 300 is always completely submerged in the lubricating oil by ensuring that the position of the coil structure 300 is above the lowest lubricating oil level. This prevents the coil structure 300 from being partially exposed to air due to level fluctuations, ensuring continuous heat exchange between the medium and the lubricating oil.

[0029] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1The first pipeline 30 includes a third outlet 23, which is equipped with a valve (not shown). It is understood that when the lubricating oil temperature reaches a predetermined value, the heater 13 can be shut off, and the valve at the third outlet 23 can be controlled to release residual media inside the housing 2. In extremely cold environments, if media remains in the first pipeline 30 after heating, the low temperature after the heater 13 stops may cause the media to freeze and expand, potentially cracking the first pipeline 30. Releasing the residual media through the third outlet 23 can prevent damage to the first pipeline 30.

[0030] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The preheating device includes a control component 4; the preheating component 1 includes multiple heaters 13, each electrically connected to the control component 4, which controls the opening and closing of the heaters 13. It is understood that by setting multiple heaters 13, the control component 4 can selectively open and close different numbers of heaters 13 via electrical connections, thereby achieving graded adjustment of heating power. For example, in this embodiment, the preheating component 1 includes four heaters 13. When the ambient temperature is between -10°C and 0°C, one heater 13 is turned on; when the ambient temperature is between -20°C and -11°C, two heaters 13 are turned on; when the ambient temperature is between -30°C and -21°C, three heaters 13 are turned on; and when the ambient temperature is below -40°C, four heaters 13 are turned on. This configuration allows the preheating device to adapt to the heating needs of different scenarios, avoiding energy waste and achieving precise heating. In addition, the redundant design of multiple heaters 13, combined with the selective control of the control component 4, can reduce the impact of a single heater 13 failure on the overall preheating device and ensure the reliability of preheating in low-temperature environments.

[0031] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1The preheating device includes a first temperature sensor 5, which is disposed in the housing 2 and electrically connected to the control component 4. The first temperature sensor 5 is used to detect the lubricating oil temperature inside the housing 2, which typically needs to be controlled between 40°C and 50°C. When the lubricating oil temperature is below 40°C, the control component 4 can activate the heater 13, and heat exchange between the medium and the lubricating oil can be achieved through the heat exchange component 3, thereby increasing the lubricating oil temperature. When the lubricating oil temperature is above 40°C, the control component 4 can deactivate some or all of the heaters 13, thus preventing the lubricating oil temperature from continuing to rise. With this configuration, the control component 4 can adjust the number of activated heaters 13 in real time based on the signal fed back from the first temperature sensor 5, i.e., the lubricating oil temperature, to avoid overheating or underheating of the lubricating oil, keeping the lubricating oil temperature within a suitable operating range. This prevents excessively low temperatures from causing excessively high lubricating oil viscosity and excessive engine starting resistance, while also preventing excessively high temperatures from causing lubricating oil oxidation and deterioration, and a decrease in lubrication performance. This ensures that the preheating device is suitable for extreme environments with large temperature fluctuations.

[0032] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The preheating device includes a second temperature sensor 6, which is disposed on the preheating component 1 and electrically connected to the control component 4. By providing the second temperature sensor 6, overheat protection can be implemented. For example, when the temperature inside the preheating component 1 exceeds 60°C, at least one heater 13 can be shut down by the control component 4; when the temperature inside the preheating component exceeds 80°C, multiple or all of the heaters 13 can be shut down by the control component 4. This configuration provides safety protection for the preheating component 1, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the preheating device.

[0033] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The preheating device includes a third temperature sensor 7, which is located between the housing 2 and the first inlet 11, i.e., on the second pipe 31. The third temperature sensor 7 is electrically connected to the control component 4. The medium in the second pipe 31 is the medium after heat exchange inside the housing 2. The temperature of the medium after heat exchange, detected by the third temperature sensor 7, reflects the heat exchange effect between the hot medium and the lubricating oil. If the temperature of the returning medium is close to the temperature of the medium inside the preheating component 1, it may indicate insufficient heat exchange, which may be due to problems such as coil blockage, low lubricating oil level, or excessively fast medium flow rate. The control component 4 can trigger an early warning through this abnormal signal to avoid insufficient heating of the lubricating oil due to heat exchange failure. In addition, if the temperature of the medium after heat exchange is too low, the control component 4 can increase the number of heaters 13 that are turned on to accelerate the heating rate of the medium.

[0034] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1The preheating device includes a pump body 8, which is disposed between the housing 2 and the first outlet 12, i.e., on the first pipeline 30. The pump body 8 is electrically connected to the control component 4. It is understood that the pump body 8 provides a power source for the circulation of the medium, thereby driving the medium to circulate in a closed path formed by the preheating component 1, the first pipeline 30, the heat exchange component 3, and the second pipeline 31. The pump body 8 is driven to rotate by a motor 9 or other power components, thereby ensuring the directional flow of the medium. The motor 9 can be electrically connected to the control component 4, which can control the start-up and shutdown timing and operating speed of the pump body 8 according to system operating conditions, such as the lubricating oil temperature and the medium temperature fed back by sensors. For example, when the lubricating oil temperature is lower than the target value, the control component 4 starts the pump body 8 to drive the medium circulation and heat the lubricating oil; when the lubricating oil temperature reaches the target value or the preheating device needs to be shut down, the control component 4 shuts down the pump body 8 and stops the medium circulation; if the medium temperature is too low, the control component 4 can increase the speed of the pump body 8 to accelerate the medium flow rate and improve the preheating efficiency.

[0035] According to a second aspect of this application, an engine is provided that includes the aforementioned preheating device. Therefore, the engine possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned preheating device, which will not be elaborated further herein.

[0036] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0038] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

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