A photovoltaic photo-thermal solar water heater

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of photovoltaic photo-thermal solar water heaters, including photovoltaic photo-thermal component, heat storage water tank, solar controller and battery pack, the photovoltaic photo-thermal component is sequentially composed of upper glass cover, hollow layer, photovoltaic panel, heat-conducting adhesive layer, heat collection plate core, heat insulation board and bottom plate from top to bottom, the outside of photovoltaic photo-thermal component is surrounded with frame, heat collection plate core includes manifold being arranged at the both ends of heat collection plate core, two manifolds are communicated by branch pipe in middle, the both ends of manifold are equipped with interface end, the interface end includes liquid inlet interface end and liquid outlet interface end, interface end extends to frame outside, the heat storage water tank includes shell and inner container, heat insulation layer is equipped between shell and inner container, inner container is connected with water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe.This water heater simultaneously realizes solar power generation and hot water production two functions by single system, meets the double needs of user to electric power and hot water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic solar water heater technology, specifically to a photovoltaic solar thermal water heater. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, solar water heaters on the market are mainly divided into two categories: all-glass vacuum tube solar water heaters and flat-plate solar collector solar water heaters.

[0003] All-glass vacuum tube solar water heaters have the advantages of high heat collection temperature and relatively low cost. However, their significant disadvantages include the inability to operate under pressure, the risk of vacuum tubes bursting during use, and a shorter lifespan. Furthermore, their system heat collection efficiency is typically only around 50%.

[0004] Flat-plate solar collector-type solar water heaters can operate under pressure, have relatively high system thermal efficiency, and a longer service life. However, their main drawback is that the hot water temperature they produce is usually relatively low, and the system's heat collection efficiency is approximately 60%.

[0005] More importantly, both of the aforementioned existing solar water heater products only have the function of producing hot water and cannot generate electricity simultaneously. As market demands become increasingly refined and sophisticated, especially in areas with tight or insufficient power supply, users urgently need a solar energy utilization device that can efficiently produce domestic hot water and generate electricity at the same time, in order to fully utilize solar energy resources and improve overall energy efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic solar thermal water heater to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a photovoltaic solar water heater that simultaneously achieves both solar power generation and hot water production through a single system, thus meeting users' dual needs for electricity and hot water.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A photovoltaic-thermal solar water heater includes a photovoltaic-thermal module, a hot water storage tank, a solar controller, and a battery pack. The photovoltaic-thermal module is composed of an upper glass cover, a hollow layer, a photovoltaic panel, a thermally conductive adhesive layer, a heat collector core, an insulation board, and a base plate, arranged from top to bottom. A frame surrounds the photovoltaic-thermal module. The heat collector core includes a heat collection channel and a heat absorption plate. The heat collection channel includes manifolds located at both ends of the heat absorption plate, and the two manifolds are connected by a branch pipe. Both ends of the manifolds are provided with interface ends, including an inlet interface end and an outlet interface end, which extend to the outside of the frame. The hot water storage tank includes an outer shell and an inner tank, with an insulation layer between the outer shell and the inner tank. The inner tank is connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the inner liner is further provided with a circulating water inlet pipe and a circulating water outlet pipe. The circulating water inlet pipe and the liquid outlet end of the manifold are connected through a circulating pipe, and the circulating water outlet pipe and the liquid inlet end of the manifold are connected through a circulating pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a sealed jacket layer is provided along the outer wall of the inner liner, and the jacket layer is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner liner. Antifreeze circulation inlet pipe and antifreeze circulation outlet pipe are respectively connected to both ends of the jacket layer. The outlet end of the antifreeze circulation inlet pipe and the manifold are connected through a circulation pipe. The inlet end of the antifreeze circulation outlet pipe and the inlet end of the manifold are connected through a circulation pipe. Antifreeze is added inside the jacket layer. The jacket layer is also connected to an exhaust pipe or a pressure relief pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the solar controller is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the battery pack respectively, and the inverter is electrically connected to the solar controller, the battery pack and the AC load. The inverter converts the DC current generated by the photovoltaic panel or the electrical energy in the battery pack into AC power that can be directly supplied to the AC load.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. This utility model creatively integrates a photovoltaic power generation system and a solar thermal system into one, realizing both solar power generation and hot water production functions through a single system, satisfying users' dual needs for electricity and hot water, and breaking through the limitation of traditional solar water heaters that can only produce hot water.

[0015] 2. Through the design of photovoltaic-thermal modules, while generating electricity using photovoltaic panels, a thermally conductive adhesive layer efficiently transfers the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels to the collector core to heat the circulating medium. This heat recovery mechanism effectively reduces the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panels, improves their power generation efficiency, and converts previously wasted heat into usable thermal energy. Ultimately, the overall solar energy utilization rate of the system is significantly improved, greatly enhancing the comprehensive conversion efficiency of solar energy.

[0016] 3. For cold and frozen regions, this utility model provides an optimized implementation scheme. By installing a sealed jacket layer on the outer wall of the inner tank of the hot water storage tank and adding antifreeze, the heat collection circulation loop operates with antifreeze instead of water in low-temperature environments. This secondary heat exchange design effectively avoids the risk of the heat collection channel cracking due to freezing of the internal circulating medium, greatly improving the reliability and service life of the system in extremely cold and frozen regions, and expanding the applicable geographical range of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of a photovoltaic thermal module;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top view of the collector core;

[0021] Among them, 1-photovoltaic thermal module, 101-upper glass cover, 102-hollow layer, 103-photovoltaic panel, 104-thermal conductive adhesive layer, 105-insulation board, 106-bottom plate, 107-frame, 108-heat collection channel, 1081-manifold, 1082-branch pipe, 1083-liquid inlet interface, 1084-liquid outlet interface, 109-heat absorber plate, 2-hot water storage tank, 201-outer shell, 2 02-Inner Tank, 2021-Inlet Pipe, 2022-Outlet Pipe, 2023-Circulating Water Inlet Connector, 2024-Circulating Water Outlet Connector, 203-Insulation Layer, 204-Jacket Layer, 2041-Antifreeze Circulation Inlet Connector, 2042-Antifreeze Circulation Outlet Connector, 2043-Exhaust Pipe, 3-Solar Controller, 4-Battery Pack, 5-Inverter, 6-AC Load, 7-Circulation Pipe Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0023] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixed connection", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this utility model, terms such as "upper", "lower", "bottom", and "top" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of the structural relationship between the various components or elements of this utility model and do not specifically refer to any component or element in this utility model. They should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a photovoltaic-thermal solar water heater includes a photovoltaic-thermal module 1, a hot water storage tank 2, a solar controller 3, and a battery pack 4. The photovoltaic-thermal module is composed of, from top to bottom, an upper glass cover 101, a hollow layer 102, a photovoltaic panel 103, a thermally conductive adhesive layer 104, a heat collector core, an insulation board 105, and a base plate 106. A frame 107 surrounds the outer side of the photovoltaic-thermal module. The heat collector core includes a heat collection channel 108 and a heat absorption plate 109. The heat collection channel includes manifolds 1081 located at both ends of the heat absorption plate. The two manifolds are connected by a branch pipe 1082. Both ends of the manifolds are provided with interface ends, including a liquid inlet interface end 1. 083 and liquid outlet interface 1084, the interface extends to the outside of the frame, the hot water storage tank 2 includes an outer shell 201 and an inner tank 202, the outer shell and the inner tank are filled with a heat insulation layer 203, the inner tank is connected to an inlet pipe 2021 and an outlet pipe 2022, the inlet pipe is used to add cold water to the inner tank, and the outlet pipe is used to output hot water from the inner tank, the solar controller 3 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 103 and the battery pack 4 respectively, the inverter 5 is electrically connected to the solar controller 3, the battery pack 4 and the AC load 6, the inverter converts the DC current generated by the photovoltaic panel or the electrical energy in the battery pack into AC power that can be directly supplied to the AC load.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] When this water heater is installed in an area where the circulating medium is not frozen, the circulating water inlet pipe 2023 of the inner tank and the liquid outlet port 1084 of the manifold are connected through the circulating pipe 7, and the circulating water outlet pipe 2024 of the inner tank and the liquid inlet port 1083 of the manifold are connected through the circulating pipe. The circulating medium in the heat collection channel is the water in the inner tank of the water tank.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] When this water heater is installed in an area where the circulating medium will freeze, a sealed jacket layer 204 is installed along the outer wall of the inner tank. The jacket layer is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the inner tank. Antifreeze circulation inlet pipe 2041 and antifreeze circulation outlet pipe 2042 are respectively connected to both ends of the jacket layer. The antifreeze circulation inlet pipe 2041 and the liquid outlet end 1084 of the manifold are connected through the circulation pipe 7. The antifreeze circulation outlet pipe 2042 and the liquid inlet end 1083 of the manifold are connected through the circulation pipe. Antifreeze is added inside the jacket layer. The jacket layer is also connected to an exhaust pipe 2043 to remove the air inside the jacket layer and seal the jacket layer.

[0030] The principle and usage of a photovoltaic solar thermal water heater: Sunlight shines on the photovoltaic panel through the upper glass cover, and the photovoltaic panel directly converts the light energy into DC power. The DC power is output to the solar controller through the terminal of the photovoltaic panel, and then converted into AC power by the inverter for direct use by the load or directly output from the solar controller to be stored in the battery pack.

[0031] The waste heat generated during photovoltaic power generation is transferred to the heat collector core below through the thermally conductive adhesive layer. The heat absorber plate of the heat collector core absorbs the heat and heats the circulating medium flowing inside the branch pipe and the manifold.

[0032] When the water heater is installed in a non-freezing area, cold water is added to the inner tank through the inlet pipe of the hot water storage tank. The inlet pipe of the hot water storage tank and the outlet port of the manifold are connected through the circulation pipe, and the outlet pipe of the hot water storage tank and the inlet port of the manifold are connected through the circulation pipe. Under sunlight, the water density in the collector core decreases due to heat and rises to the upper part of the inner tank along the circulation pipe. The cold water at the bottom of the inner tank sinks and flows into the collector core through the circulation pipe, forming a thermosiphon circulation.

[0033] When the water heater is installed in a freezing area, cold water is added to the inner tank through the inlet pipe of the hot water storage tank, and antifreeze is added to the jacket layer. After the air is released through the vent pipe, it is sealed. The antifreeze circulation inlet pipe of the jacket layer and the outlet port of the manifold are connected through the circulation pipe, and the antifreeze circulation outlet pipe and the inlet port of the manifold are connected through the circulation pipe. After the antifreeze absorbs heat in the collector core, it flows into the jacket layer through the circulation pipe. The heat is conducted to the cold water in the inner tank through the inner tank. The cooled antifreeze flows back to the collector core. The freezing point of the antifreeze is lower than the ambient temperature, ensuring that the collector flow channel does not freeze or crack in severe cold.

[0034] The foregoing description illustrates and describes preferred embodiments of the present invention. As previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or related technical or knowledge. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal solar water heater, comprising a photovoltaic-thermal module, a hot water storage tank, a solar controller, and a battery pack, characterized in that: The photovoltaic thermal module is composed of, from top to bottom, an upper glass cover, a hollow layer, a photovoltaic panel, a thermally conductive adhesive layer, a heat collector core, an insulation board, and a base plate. The photovoltaic thermal module is surrounded by a frame. The heat collector core includes a heat collection channel and a heat absorption plate. The heat collection channel includes manifolds located at both ends of the heat absorption plate. The two manifolds are connected by a branch pipe in the middle. Both ends of the manifolds are provided with interface ends, including a liquid inlet interface end and a liquid outlet interface end. The interface ends extend to the outside of the frame. The hot water storage tank includes an outer shell and an inner liner. An insulation layer is provided between the outer shell and the inner liner. The inner liner is connected to a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe.

2. A photovoltaic thermal solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner liner is also equipped with a circulating water inlet pipe and a circulating water outlet pipe. The outlet end of the circulating water inlet pipe and the manifold are connected through a circulating pipe, and the inlet end of the circulating water outlet pipe and the manifold are connected through a circulating pipe.

3. A photovoltaic thermal solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed jacket layer is provided along the outer wall of the inner liner. The jacket layer is fixed to the outer wall of the inner liner. Antifreeze circulation inlet pipe and antifreeze circulation outlet pipe are respectively connected to both ends of the jacket layer. The outlet end of the antifreeze circulation inlet pipe and the manifold are connected through a circulation pipe. The inlet end of the antifreeze circulation outlet pipe and the inlet end of the manifold are connected through a circulation pipe. Antifreeze is added inside the jacket layer. The jacket layer is also connected to an exhaust pipe or a pressure relief pipe.

4. A photovoltaic thermal solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar controller is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the battery pack respectively. The inverter is electrically connected to the solar controller, the battery pack and the AC load. The inverter converts the DC current generated by the photovoltaic panel or the electrical energy in the battery pack into AC power that can be directly supplied to the AC load.

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