Flame-retardant composite cable

Abstract

The utility model belongs to wire and cable technical field especially is a kind of flame-retardant composite cable, including three conductors, the conductor of several copper wire or aluminium wire interlaces and is formed, the outer layer of conductor is wrapped with conductor shield layer, the outer layer of conductor shield layer is wrapped with crosslinking polyethylene insulation layer, the surface of crosslinking polyethylene insulation layer is coated with nanometer titanium dioxide coating, crosslinking polyethylene insulation layer is wrapped by insulating shield layer.The utility model, in fire -retardant aspect, heat -insulating oxygen -resistant layer and low smoke halogen -free outer protective layer, can reduce smoke and toxic gas when fire, prevent flame spread;On electrical performance, conductor shield layer and nanometer titanium dioxide coating ensure stable transmission of current, improve insulation;Mechanical performance, armour layer and buffer layer enhance compression resistance and tensile strength, buffer external force;Environment protection, outer protective layer is non-toxic in combustion, meet environmental protection requirement, as a whole, meet the demand of modern society to cable high performance, high safety and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wire and cable technology, specifically to a flame-retardant composite cable. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern society, the application of electricity in various fields is becoming increasingly widespread and in-depth, and the requirements for cable performance are becoming increasingly stringent. In many application scenarios, the safety and stability of cables are crucial, but traditional cables have gradually exposed many problems in these aspects, which urgently need to be solved.

[0003] Traditional cables typically use ordinary insulation materials, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). These materials are not only highly flammable themselves when exposed to fire, but they also release large amounts of toxic and harmful gases, seriously threatening human safety. In densely populated areas such as shopping malls, theaters, and schools, the dense smoke and toxic gases produced by burning traditional cables can spread rapidly in the event of a fire, hindering evacuation and increasing the difficulty of rescue efforts. Furthermore, the fire can spread quickly along the cables, expanding the fire's area and causing even greater property damage.

[0004] Traditional cables are prone to internal structural damage when subjected to external forces such as compression, tension, and bending. For example, during construction, the insulation layer may crack and the conductor may break due to mechanical impact. When laid outdoors overhead, long-term exposure to wind, sun, rain, and temperature changes can cause the cable sheath to age and become brittle, reducing its mechanical strength. This not only affects the normal use of the cable but also increases maintenance costs and safety hazards.

[0005] In summary, existing traditional cables have many shortcomings in terms of fire resistance, electrical performance, mechanical performance, and environmental protection, making it difficult to meet the modern society's demands for high-performance, high-safety, and environmentally friendly cables. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a flame-retardant composite cable with excellent flame-retardant properties, stable electrical performance, good mechanical properties, and environmental friendliness. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a flame-retardant composite cable, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, this utility model specifically adopts the following technical solution: A flame-retardant composite cable includes three conductors, each conductor being formed by interlacing several copper or aluminum wires. Each conductor is covered by a conductor shielding layer, which is then covered by a cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation layer. The surface of the XLPE insulation layer is coated with a nano-titanium dioxide coating. The XLPE insulation layer is further encased by an insulating shielding layer. A filler layer is provided between the insulating shielding layer and the XLPE insulation layer. The insulating shielding layer is then covered by a heat-insulating and oxygen-barrier layer. The heat-insulating and oxygen-barrier layer is then covered by a wrapping tape. The wrapping tape is then covered by an armor layer. The armor layer is then covered by a buffer layer. The buffer layer is then covered by an outer sheath.

[0008] Furthermore, the conductor shielding layer is a zinc oxide shielding layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the nano-titanium dioxide coating is 50-100 nm, and the coating uniformly covers the surface of the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the filling layer is filled with a mixture of flame-retardant polypropylene rope and water-blocking yarn, with a filling rate of not less than 80%. This ensures the roundness of the cable core structure and provides good flame retardancy and water blocking, preventing moisture from entering the cable and affecting its performance.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat-insulating and oxygen-barrier layer is made of an organophosphorus-polyol-amine system, which can rapidly expand at a high temperature of 800℃ to form a carbonaceous foam layer with a thickness of 3-5 times that of the original layer, effectively isolating heat and oxygen and preventing the spread of flames.

[0012] Furthermore, the armor layer is a double-layer steel strip armor, with the steel strips interleaved to enhance the mechanical strength of the cable, enabling it to withstand greater external compression and tension.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer sheath is made of low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin material with an oxygen index of not less than 35%. It produces little smoke during combustion and is non-toxic, meeting environmental protection requirements and effectively protecting the cable and reducing fire hazards.

[0014] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a flame-retardant composite cable, which has the following beneficial effects: In terms of fire resistance and flame retardancy, the heat insulation and oxygen barrier layer and the low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath can reduce smoke and toxic gases and prevent the spread of flames during a fire. In terms of electrical performance, the conductor shielding layer and the nano-titanium dioxide coating ensure stable current transmission and improve insulation. In terms of mechanical performance, the armor layer and the buffer layer enhance compressive and tensile strength and buffer external forces. In terms of environmental protection, the outer sheath is non-toxic when burned and meets environmental protection requirements. Overall, it meets the modern society's demand for high-performance, high-safety and environmentally friendly cables. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Fig. 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Fig. 2 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Conductor; 2. Conductor shielding layer; 3. Cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer; 4. Nano titanium dioxide coating; 5. Filler layer; 6. Insulating shielding layer; 7. Heat insulation and oxygen barrier layer; 8. Wrapping tape; 9. Armoring layer; 10. Buffer layer; 11. Outer sheath. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Example like Figs. 1-2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flame-retardant composite cable, comprising three conductors 1, wherein the outer layer of each conductor 1 is wrapped with a conductor shielding layer 2; Conductor 1: Composed of several interwoven copper or aluminum wires, serving as a carrier for current transmission. The good conductivity of copper or aluminum wires can effectively reduce resistance, reduce energy loss during transmission, and ensure efficient power delivery.

[0019] Conductor shielding layer 2: A zinc oxide shielding layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm is used. The nonlinear conductivity of zinc oxide can uniformly distribute the electric field around conductor 1, avoid electric field concentration, and thus effectively prevent partial discharge, ensure the stability of cable operation, and improve the electrical performance of the cable.

[0020] Cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 3: Wrapped around the conductor shielding layer 2, it has good electrical insulation properties, can electrically isolate conductor 1 from the outside world and conductors 1 of different phases, prevent current leakage, ensure safe transmission of electrical energy, and also has certain heat resistance properties, and can withstand certain working temperatures.

[0021] Nano-titanium dioxide coating 4: 50-100nm thick, uniformly covering the surface of the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 3. Utilizing the high specific surface area, good thermal stability, and chemical stability of nano-titanium dioxide, the insulation performance, corrosion resistance, and flame retardant properties of the cable are further improved. It also has a self-cleaning function, decomposing organic contaminants on the surface.

[0022] Filler layer 5: Located between the insulating shield layer 6 and the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 3, it is filled with a mixture of flame-retardant polypropylene rope and water-blocking yarn, with a filling rate of not less than 80%. On the one hand, it ensures the roundness of the cable core structure, making the overall cable structure more stable; on the other hand, it plays a good role in flame retardancy and water blocking, preventing moisture from penetrating the inside of the cable and avoiding the impact of moisture on the cable's performance and service life.

[0023] Insulation shielding layer 6: Wrapped with cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 3, its main function is to further shield the electric field, reduce electromagnetic interference, improve the cable's anti-interference ability, ensure the stability and accuracy of signal transmission inside the cable, and at the same time protect the insulation layer from the influence of external factors to a certain extent.

[0024] Heat and oxygen barrier layer 7: Made of an organophosphorus-polyol-amine system. At 800℃, it can rapidly expand to form a carbonaceous foam layer 3-5 times thicker than the original layer. This foam layer can effectively insulate against heat and oxygen, prevent flames from spreading into the cable, greatly improve the cable's flame retardant performance, protect the cable's internal structure in the event of a fire, and extend the cable's normal operating time.

[0025] Wrapping tape 8: Wraps the heat insulation and oxygen barrier layer 7, which protects and fixes the various structural layers inside the cable, enhances the overall integrity of the cable, makes the layers tightly bonded, prevents displacement or loosening, and improves the mechanical properties and stability of the cable.

[0026] Armor layer 9: This is a double-layer steel tape armor, with the steel tapes interleaved. This structure greatly enhances the mechanical strength of the cable, enabling it to withstand greater external compression and tension. It effectively protects the internal insulation layer, conductor 1, and other structures of the cable from damage by external mechanical forces, making it suitable for various complex laying environments, such as direct burial underground and conduit laying.

[0027] Buffer layer 10: Located between armor layer 9 and outer sheath 11, it is made of elastic materials such as rubber and foam plastic. When the cable is subjected to external impact or vibration, buffer layer 10 can absorb and disperse the external force energy, playing a buffering role, protecting the internal structure from damage, and further improving the cable's mechanical properties and resistance to external interference.

[0028] Outer Sheath 11: Made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material with an oxygen index of not less than 35%. It not only protects the cable's internal structure from external impurities, moisture, and mechanical damage, but also possesses excellent flame-retardant properties. During combustion, it produces minimal and non-toxic smoke, meeting environmental protection requirements. In the event of a fire, it effectively reduces harm to personnel and the environment while protecting the cable's internal structure and extending its service life. When this flame-retardant composite cable is in operation, current is transmitted through conductor 1, which is made of interwoven copper or aluminum wires. The conductor shielding layer 2 uses zinc oxide, which utilizes its non-linear conductivity to uniformly distribute the electric field around conductor 1, reducing electric field concentration, preventing partial discharge, and ensuring stable current transmission. The cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 3, with its excellent insulation properties, isolates conductor 1 from the outside environment, preventing current leakage. The surface-coated nano-titanium dioxide coating 4 utilizes the special properties of nanomaterials, such as photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants and enhanced insulation and flame-retardant properties, to further improve cable performance. The filling layer 5 uses a mixture of flame-retardant polypropylene rope and water-resistant yarn, ensuring the roundness of the cable core structure while providing flame retardancy and water resistance, preventing moisture from affecting cable performance. The insulating shielding layer 6 further shields the electric field, reducing electromagnetic interference. In the event of a fire, the heat-insulating and oxygen-barrier layer 7 rapidly expands at 800℃ using an organophosphorus-polyol-amine system, forming a carbonaceous foam layer 3-5 times thicker than the original layer, effectively isolating heat and oxygen and preventing the flame from spreading into the cable. The wrapping tape 8 protects and secures the internal structure. The armor layer 9 consists of double-layered steel strips interlaced, enhancing the cable's mechanical strength and enabling it to withstand greater external pressure and tension. The buffer layer 10 is made of elastic material, acting as a buffer when the cable is subjected to external impact or vibration, protecting the internal structure. The outer sheath 11 is made of low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin material, which not only protects the cable's internal structure from external corrosion but also produces minimal and non-toxic smoke during combustion, meeting environmental protection requirements and reducing fire hazards.

[0029] like Fig. 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the conductor shielding layer 2 is a zinc oxide shielding layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm. When current flows through the cable, an electric field is formed around the conductor 1. Since the surface of the conductor 1 cannot be perfectly smooth, and the current distribution varies in different parts, areas of electric field concentration can easily occur. The zinc oxide shielding layer, due to its nonlinear conductivity, reduces its resistivity in areas of electric field concentration, making the current distribution in these areas more uniform, thereby effectively dispersing the electric field intensity and preventing excessive electric field concentration.

[0030] like Fig. 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the thickness of the nano-titanium dioxide coating 4 is 50-100 nm, and the coating uniformly covers the surface of the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 3. The high dielectric constant and good insulation properties of nano-titanium dioxide can form an additional insulation barrier on the surface of the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 3. It can prevent charge migration and leakage, reduce local electric field concentration, thereby improving the overall insulation performance of the cable and reducing the risk of failure due to poor insulation.

[0031] like Fig. 2As shown, in some embodiments, the filling layer 5 is filled with a mixture of flame-retardant polypropylene rope and water-blocking yarn, with a filling rate of not less than 80%. This ensures the roundness of the cable core structure and provides good flame retardancy and water blocking, preventing moisture from entering the cable and affecting its performance.

[0032] like Fig. 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat-insulating and oxygen-barrier layer 7 is made of an organophosphorus-polyol-amine system, which can rapidly expand at a high temperature of 800°C to form a carbonaceous foam layer with a thickness of 3-5 times that of the original layer, effectively isolating heat and oxygen and preventing the spread of flames.

[0033] like Fig. 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the armor layer 9 is a double-layer steel strip armor, with the steel strips interleaved to enhance the mechanical strength of the cable and enable it to withstand greater external pressure and tension.

[0034] like Fig. 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the outer sheath 11 is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material with an oxygen index of not less than 35%. It produces less smoke and is non-toxic when burning, which meets environmental protection requirements and can effectively protect the cable and reduce fire hazards.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant composite cable, comprising three conductors (1), characterized in that: The three conductors (1) are made of a number of copper or aluminum wires interwoven together. The conductor (1) is wrapped with a conductor shielding layer (2). The conductor shielding layer (2) is wrapped with a cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (3). The surface of the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (3) is coated with a nano titanium dioxide coating (4). The cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (3) is wrapped with an insulating shielding layer (6). A filling layer (5) is provided between the insulating shielding layer (6) and the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (3). The insulating shielding layer (6) is wrapped with a heat insulation and oxygen barrier layer (7). The heat insulation and oxygen barrier layer (7) is wrapped with a wrapping tape (8). The wrapping tape (8) is wrapped with an armor layer (9). The armor layer (9) is wrapped with a buffer layer (10). The buffer layer (10) is wrapped with an outer protective layer (11).

2. The flame-retardant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor shielding layer (2) is a zinc oxide shielding layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm.

3. The flame-retardant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the nano-titanium dioxide coating (4) is 50-100nm, and the coating uniformly covers the surface of the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (3).

4. The flame-retardant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling layer (5) is filled with a mixture of flame-retardant polypropylene rope and water-resistant yarn, with a filling rate of not less than 80%.

5. The flame-retardant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation and oxygen barrier layer (7) is made of an organophosphorus-polyol-amine system. At a high temperature of 800℃, it can rapidly expand to form a carbon foam layer with a thickness of 3-5 times that of the original layer, effectively isolating heat and oxygen and preventing the spread of flames.

6. The flame-retardant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The armor layer (9) is a double-layer steel strip armor, with the steel strips interleaved.

7. The flame-retardant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer protective layer (11) is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material with an oxygen index of not less than 35%.

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