Driving circuit, driving board, driving system and automobile

Abstract

The utility model relates to control system technical field discloses a kind of drive circuit, drive board, drive system and car, drive circuit includes: voltage regulating module, voltage regulating module is used to receive low-voltage DC power signal, and low-voltage DC power signal is carried out after flyback regulation output regulation voltage signal;Multiple transformers, the primary side of multiple transformers is connected with voltage regulating module, for receiving regulation voltage signal, isolation voltage transformation is carried out to regulation voltage signal, and the regulation voltage signal after transformation is output by the side isolation;Multiple gate drivers, each gate driver is connected with the side isolation of each transformer one-to-one, for receiving the regulation voltage signal after transformation and driving power device.The problem of large circuit board area of the electric drive system in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of control system technology, specifically to drive circuits, drive boards, drive systems, and automobiles. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the new energy vehicle industry, the technology of electric drive systems has been rapidly improved.

[0003] Many existing 400V platform electric drive system solutions use two independent control boards and drive boards to drive the gates of power devices. Since the control board is powered by low voltage, the power devices need to be connected to a high-voltage DC battery pack. Therefore, the drive board needs to achieve isolation between high and low voltage.

[0004] Currently, most driver boards use a transformer driver paired with a transformer to generate a low-voltage power signal isolated from the control board. This signal powers the high-voltage side of the isolated gate driver, which then outputs a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal to the gate of the power device, achieving DC to three-phase AC conversion. However, this method of using one transformer driver with one transformer requires a separate driver for each transformer, increasing the board area. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a drive circuit, a drive board, a drive system, and an automobile to solve the problem of large circuit board area in existing electric drive systems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a driving circuit, the driving circuit being connected, the driving circuit comprising:

[0007] A voltage regulation module is used to receive a low-voltage DC power supply signal, and output a regulated voltage signal after performing flyback regulation on the low-voltage DC power supply signal.

[0008] Multiple transformers are provided, with their primary sides connected to the voltage regulating module for receiving the regulating voltage signal, performing isolation transformation on the regulating voltage signal, and outputting the transformed regulating voltage signal through the secondary side.

[0009] Multiple gate drivers are provided, each gate driver being connected to the secondary side of each transformer in a corresponding manner, for receiving the regulated voltage signal after transformation and driving the power devices.

[0010] The driving circuit provided by this invention regulates the low-voltage DC power supply signal through a voltage regulation module, and then transmits the regulated voltage signal to each transformer. Each transformer then transforms the regulated voltage signal and transmits it to the gate driver, which in turn drives the power device. Compared to changing the turns ratio of the transformers, which requires a separate transformer driver for each transformer, this invention only requires a single voltage regulation module, thus greatly saving space on the driving board and reducing its cost.

[0011] In one optional implementation, the voltage regulating module includes:

[0012] A transformer drive unit is connected to multiple transformers. The transformer drive unit is used to receive the low-voltage DC power supply signal, perform flyback regulation on the low-voltage DC power supply signal, and output the regulated low-voltage DC power supply signal.

[0013] The feedback unit has a first end connected to the transformer drive unit and a second end connected to multiple transformers.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the transformer drive unit includes:

[0015] A pulse width modulator, wherein the pulse width modulator is used to output a modulated signal;

[0016] A field-effect transistor (FET) is connected to both the pulse width modulator and the primary side of the transformer, and is used to turn on or off according to the received modulation signal to adjust the output voltage.

[0017] In one optional implementation, the feedback unit includes:

[0018] A feedback resistor, the first end of which is connected to the transformer drive unit, and the second end of which is connected to multiple transformers.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, the feedback resistor is a variable resistor.

[0020] Secondly, this utility model provides a drive board, which is provided with the drive circuit described above.

[0021] The two drive circuits are a symmetrically arranged upper bridge arm drive circuit and a lower bridge arm drive circuit, and the connector is used to connect the drive board and the control board.

[0022] In one optional embodiment, the upper arm drive circuit and the lower arm drive circuit each include: a first low-voltage region, a second low-voltage region, and a first high-voltage region;

[0023] The voltage regulating module and the primary side of each transformer are located in the first low-voltage region;

[0024] The secondary side of each transformer and the high-voltage terminal of the gate driver are located in the first high-voltage region, wherein the distance between the secondary side of each transformer and the high-voltage terminal of the gate driver and the connector is greater than the preset creepage distance.

[0025] The low-voltage terminal of the gate driver is located in the second low-voltage region.

[0026] Thirdly, this utility model provides a drive system, which includes a control board and a drive board as described above.

[0027] In one alternative implementation, the drive board and the control board are connected based on flexible wiring.

[0028] Fourthly, this utility model provides an automobile, which includes the drive system described above. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a voltage regulation module of a driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a detailed structural diagram of a voltage regulation module of a driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a detailed structural diagram of a voltage regulation module of another driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a drive board according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a detailed structural diagram of a drive board according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a driver board system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0037] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0038] 10 - Voltage regulation module; B - Transformer; G - Gate driver; R1 - Feedback resistor; 11 - Transformer drive unit; 12 - Feedback unit; U1 - Pulse width modulator; Q1 - Field effect transistor; a1 - First low voltage region; a2 - Second low voltage region; b1 - First high voltage region. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can also refer to the internal connection of two components; and they can refer to a wireless connection or a wired connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0043] With the development of the new energy vehicle industry, the technology of electric drive systems has been rapidly improved.

[0044] Many existing 400V platform electric drive system solutions use two independent control boards and drive boards to drive the gates of power devices. Since the control board is powered by low voltage, the power devices need to be connected to a high-voltage DC battery pack. Therefore, the drive board needs to achieve isolation between high and low voltage.

[0045] Currently, most driver boards use a transformer driver paired with a transformer to generate a low-voltage power signal isolated from the control board. This signal powers the high-voltage side of the isolated gate driver, which then outputs the PWM signal to the gate of the power device, achieving DC to three-phase AC conversion. However, this method of one transformer driver per transformer, requiring a separate driver for each transformer, increases the board area.

[0046] In this embodiment, a driving circuit is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the driving circuit includes:

[0047] The voltage regulating module 10 is used to receive a low-voltage DC power supply signal, and output a regulated voltage signal after performing flyback regulation on the low-voltage DC power supply signal.

[0048] Specifically, the voltage regulating module 10 is connected to the control board, receives the low-voltage DC power signal transmitted by the control board, and transmits the regulated voltage signal to multiple transformers B. Therefore, it is unnecessary to adjust the number of turns for each transformer, and it is also unnecessary to drive each transformer separately. Optionally, the regulated voltage signal transmitted by the voltage regulating module 10 is a flyback power supply signal, and the voltage regulating module 10 can be a flyback power supply regulator.

[0049] Multiple transformers B are connected to the voltage regulating module 10 via their primary sides. The primary side of each transformer B is connected to the voltage regulating module 10 to receive the regulating voltage signal, perform isolation transformation on the regulating voltage signal, and output the transformed regulating voltage signal via its secondary side.

[0050] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 Multiple transformers B can be designated as B1, B2, and B3. After receiving the regulating voltage signal, transformer B converts the primary-side energy into secondary-side energy for isolation transformation, and then transmits the isolated-transformed regulating voltage signal to each gate driver G.

[0051] It should be noted that a low-voltage DC power supply signal, isolated from the low-voltage DC power supply signal, is generated by the voltage regulation module 10 and the transformer. This isolated low-voltage DC power supply signal is then transmitted to the high-voltage side of the gate driver G for power supply. The isolated low-voltage DC power supply signal is the regulated voltage signal after transformation.

[0052] Multiple gate drivers G are connected one-to-one with the secondary side of each transformer B, and are used to receive the regulated voltage signal after transformation and drive the power device.

[0053] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The multiple gate drivers G are designated G1, G2, and G3. After receiving the regulated voltage signal after transformation, the gate drivers G output a drive voltage to the power devices, enabling them to operate normally. The power devices constitute an inverter used to convert DC power to AC power. Optionally, the gate drivers G can be isolated gate drivers.

[0054] In addition, the low-voltage side of the gate driver G is powered by the control board to ensure that the high and low voltage power supply requirements of the gate driver are met. The gate driver G communicates with the external control unit through the serial port in the non-isolated area to realize the function of the gate driver G. The PWM signal with appropriate dead time is transmitted from the low-voltage side to the high-voltage side through the gate driver chip, and then output to the gate of the power device to drive the power device.

[0055] The driving circuit provided by this invention regulates the low-voltage DC power supply signal through the voltage regulation module 10, and then transmits the regulated voltage signal to each transformer. Each transformer then transforms the regulated voltage signal and transmits it to the gate driver, which in turn drives the power device. Compared to changing the turns ratio of the transformer, which requires a separate transformer driver for each transformer, this invention only requires one voltage regulation module 10, thus greatly saving space on the driving board and reducing its cost.

[0056] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, the voltage regulating module 10 includes:

[0057] A transformer drive unit 11 is connected to multiple transformers B. The transformer drive unit 11 is used to receive the low-voltage DC power supply signal, perform flyback regulation on the low-voltage DC power supply signal, and output the regulated low-voltage DC power supply signal.

[0058] Feedback unit 12, the first end of which is connected to the transformer drive unit 11, and the second end of which is connected to multiple transformers B.

[0059] Specifically, the feedback unit 12 is used to feed back the voltage output by the transformer drive unit 11 to the transformer drive unit 11, thereby making the transformer drive unit 11 output a constant voltage.

[0060] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 3As shown, the transformer drive unit 11 includes:

[0061] Pulse width modulator U1, wherein the pulse width modulator U1 is used to output a modulated signal;

[0062] A field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to both the pulse width modulator U1 and the primary side of the transformer B, and is used to turn on or off according to the received modulation signal to adjust the output voltage.

[0063] Specifically, the pulse width modulator U1 outputs a pulse width modulation signal to the field-effect transistor Q1, which controls the charging and discharging of the primary winding on the primary side of the transformer B by turning the field-effect transistor Q1 on and off. Optionally, the pulse width modulator U1 and the field-effect transistor Q1 can be integrated into a single transformer driver chip. Thus, only one transformer driver chip is needed to drive multiple transformers B, greatly reducing the space and cost of the driver board.

[0064] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the feedback unit 12 includes:

[0065] Feedback resistor R1, the first end of which is connected to the transformer drive unit 11, and the second end of which is connected to multiple transformers B.

[0066] Specifically, the resistance value of the feedback resistor R1 is used to keep the output voltage of the transformer drive unit 11 constant. Therefore, each regulating voltage signal corresponds to a specific resistance value of the feedback resistor R1. That is, when the resistance value of the feedback resistor R1 changes, the regulating voltage signal output by the transformer drive unit 11 also changes. Thus, for different models and application scenarios, the regulating voltage signal output by the transformer drive unit 11 can be adjusted by changing the resistance value of the feedback resistor R1.

[0067] In some alternative implementations, the feedback resistor R1 is a variable resistor.

[0068] Specifically, by setting a sliding rheostat, in different models and application scenarios, only the resistance value of the feedback resistor R1 needs to be adjusted, thereby adjusting the adjustment voltage signal output by the transformer drive unit 11.

[0069] In this embodiment, the present invention provides a driver board, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the driver board is equipped with connectors and two driver circuits;

[0070] The two drive circuits are a symmetrically arranged upper bridge arm drive circuit and a lower bridge arm drive circuit, and the connector is used to connect the drive board and the control board.

[0071] Specifically, the upper arm drive circuit and the lower arm drive circuit are symmetrically arranged based on the center line. The connector is located next to the upper arm drive circuit. The connector maintains a creepage distance from the upper arm drive circuit and the lower arm drive circuit, respectively. This ensures that the low-voltage DC power signal transmitted from the control board to the drive circuit through the connector is isolated from the transformer-regulated voltage signal generated by the drive circuit. In other words, the low-voltage DC power signal of the control board is isolated from the low-voltage DC power signal of the control board.

[0072] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 6 As shown, the upper bridge arm drive circuit and the lower bridge arm drive circuit each include: a first low-voltage region a1, a second low-voltage region a2 and a first high-voltage region b1;

[0073] The voltage regulating module 10 and the primary side of each transformer B are located in the first low-voltage region a1;

[0074] The secondary side of each transformer B and the high-voltage terminal of the gate driver G are located in the first high-voltage region b1, wherein the distance between the secondary side of each transformer B and the high-voltage terminal of the gate driver G and the connector is greater than the preset creepage distance.

[0075] The low-voltage terminal connector of the gate driver G is located in the second low-voltage region a2.

[0076] refer to Figure 6 The upper bridge arm drive circuit includes a first low-voltage region a1, a second low-voltage region a2, and a first high-voltage region b1, and the lower bridge arm drive circuit also includes a first low-voltage region a1, a second low-voltage region a2, and a first high-voltage region b1. The second low-voltage regions a2 of the upper and lower bridge arm drive circuits are symmetrically positioned close to each other based on a centerline. This allows the entire drive board to alternate between low and high voltages. Furthermore, by rationally planning the high and low voltage layout, the entire drive board is symmetrical about the centerline, ensuring a clean circuit board and eliminating the need for additional circuit board areas for isolation. Additionally, in the upper bridge arm drive circuit, the transformer and the top low-voltage regulating module 10 isolate the high voltage from the low voltage, and the gate driver isolates the low voltage and connectors from the high voltage, eliminating the need to increase creepage distances by slotting on the board.

[0077] In addition, the driver board includes a voltage sampling section, which outputs the detected bus voltage value to an isolated operational amplifier after voltage division by resistors. The amplifier then transmits the obtained bus voltage value to the control board via a connector, enabling the reading of the bus voltage value. The driver board also includes a current sensor mounting location, which transmits the three-phase current sampled by the current sensor to the control board via a connector, enabling the monitoring of the three-phase current values. Similarly, the power supply for the current sensor is obtained from the control board via connector 1.

[0078] It should be understood that the printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) structure of the driver board is divided into a TOP layer, a BOTTOM layer, and a PWR layer. Specifically, the connection between the voltage regulation module 10 and B2 and B3 is transmitted through the PWR layer. The PWR layer mainly connects the various power networks on the driver board using copper pours. The copper pour width must meet the overcurrent capacity to ensure power supply stability. Power devices are placed on the BOTTOM layer. By rationally arranging the devices on the top and bottom layers, and placing the traces and copper pours in the non-isolated areas in the middle and on both sides of the entire board, isolation between high and low voltage is achieved, meeting the isolation requirements of a 400V high-voltage system.

[0079] In this embodiment, the present invention provides a driving system, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the drive system includes a control board and a drive board. The control board provides a low-voltage DC power signal to the drive board. Compared to changing the turns ratio of the transformer, which requires a separate transformer driver for each transformer, this invention only requires a voltage regulating module 10, thus greatly saving space on the drive board and reducing its cost.

[0080] In some alternative implementations, the drive board and the control board are connected based on flexible wiring.

[0081] refer to Figure 7 The driver board and control board are connected by flexible circuit lines, specifically FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit Board) lines, which allow the driver board and control board to be arranged in a vertical space, greatly reducing the horizontal space.

[0082] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A driving circuit, characterized in that, The driving circuit includes: A voltage regulation module is used to receive a low-voltage DC power supply signal, and output a regulated voltage signal after performing flyback regulation on the low-voltage DC power supply signal. Multiple transformers are provided, with their primary sides connected to the voltage regulating module for receiving the regulating voltage signal, performing isolation transformation on the regulating voltage signal, and outputting the transformed regulating voltage signal through the secondary side. Multiple gate drivers are provided, each gate driver being connected to the secondary side of each transformer in a corresponding manner, for receiving the regulated voltage signal after transformation and driving the power devices.

2. The driving circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulating module includes: A transformer drive unit is connected to multiple transformers. The transformer drive unit is used to receive the low-voltage DC power supply signal, perform flyback regulation on the low-voltage DC power supply signal, and output the regulated low-voltage DC power supply signal. The feedback unit has a first end connected to the transformer drive unit and a second end connected to multiple transformers.

3. The driving circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transformer drive unit includes: A pulse width modulator, wherein the pulse width modulator is used to output a modulated signal; A field-effect transistor (FET) is connected to both the pulse width modulator and the primary side of the transformer, and is used to turn on or off according to the received modulation signal to adjust the output voltage.

4. The driving circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feedback unit includes: A feedback resistor, the first end of which is connected to the transformer drive unit, and the second end of which is connected to multiple transformers.

5. The driving circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feedback resistor is a sliding rheostat.

6. A driver board, characterized in that, The driver board is provided with a connector and two driver circuits as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; The two drive circuits are a symmetrically arranged upper bridge arm drive circuit and a lower bridge arm drive circuit, and the connector is used to connect the drive board and the control board.

7. The driver board according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper bridge arm drive circuit and the lower bridge arm drive circuit each include: a first low-voltage region, a second low-voltage region and a first high-voltage region; The voltage regulating module and the primary side of each transformer are located in the first low-voltage region; The secondary side of each transformer and the high-voltage terminal of the gate driver are located in the first high-voltage region, wherein the distance between the secondary side of each transformer and the high-voltage terminal of the gate driver and the connector is greater than the preset creepage distance. The low-voltage terminal of the gate driver is located in the second low-voltage region.

8. A drive system, characterized in that, The drive system includes a control board and a drive board as described in any one of claims 6 or 7.

9. The drive system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drive board and the control board are connected by flexible circuit lines.

10. A car, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the drive system as described in any one of claims 8 or 9.

Images