A cleaning and quantification device for high-salinity wastewater treatment systems

Abstract

This utility model discloses a cleaning and quantification device for a high-salinity wastewater treatment system, comprising a cleaning water tank, a cleaning water pump, and a cleaning filter connected sequentially by pipelines; the cleaning water tank contains a cleaning agent, which stores sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid solution. This utility model achieves more efficient and rational operation of the cleaning and control system for high-salinity wastewater systems, contributing to the stability and safety of the water environment system; it not only ensures stable effluent quality meeting standards but also controls the impact of high air pressure, saving equipment operating costs, solving the problem of difficult treatment of high-salinity wastewater, and practicing the concept of cleaner production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ecological and environmental protection technology, and in particular to a cleaning and quantification device for a high-salt wastewater treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] Various coal mines have large water inflow volumes and high mineralization. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a quantification and cleaning device for high-mineralization mine water in coal mines in Northwest China. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings mentioned above, this utility model provides a cleaning and quantification device for high-salt wastewater treatment systems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a detachable cleaning and quantification device for a high-salt wastewater treatment system, comprising a cleaning water tank, a cleaning water pump, and a cleaning filter connected in sequence by pipes.

[0005] The cleaning water tank contains a cleaning agent, which contains sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid solution.

[0006] Preferably, a drug inlet valve is provided between the cleaning water tank and the cleaning water pump.

[0007] Preferably, an inlet valve is provided between the cleaning water pump and the cleaning filter.

[0008] Preferably, the discharge pipe of the cleaning filter is provided with a discharge valve.

[0009] Preferably, the cleaning filter is equipped with an exhaust valve.

[0010] Preferably, a return pipe is provided between the cleaning water pump and the inlet valve, and a return valve is provided on the return pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the cleaning water tank is provided with a concentrated discharge pipe, and the concentrated discharge pipe is provided with a concentrated discharge valve.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] This invention enables the cleaning and control system of high-salinity wastewater to operate more efficiently and rationally, which is conducive to the stability and safety of the water environment system. It can not only ensure that the effluent water quality meets the standards, but also control the impact of high air pressure, save equipment operating costs, solve the problem of difficult treatment of high-salinity wastewater, and put into practice the concept of clean production. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning and quantification device for a high-salt wastewater treatment system according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0016] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0018] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 The present invention will be described in further detail as follows:

[0019] Reference Figure 1 This utility model provides a detachable cleaning and quantification device for a high-salt wastewater treatment system, comprising a cleaning water tank, a cleaning water pump, and a cleaning filter connected in sequence by pipes;

[0020] The cleaning tank contains cleaning agent, which contains sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid solution.

[0021] In this embodiment, a chemical inlet valve is provided between the cleaning water tank and the cleaning water pump. An inlet valve is provided between the cleaning water pump and the cleaning filter. A discharge valve is provided on the discharge pipe of the cleaning filter. An air vent valve is provided on the cleaning filter. A chemical return pipe is provided between the cleaning water pump and the inlet valve, and a chemical return valve is provided on the chemical return pipe. A concentrated discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the cleaning water tank, and a concentrated discharge valve is provided on the concentrated discharge pipe.

[0022] Specifically, this application implements a treatment process using membrane technology and a high-efficiency cleaning agent formulation facility to replace the traditional cleaning process. The high-efficiency cleaning treatment can remove various inorganic salts from high-mineral wastewater without damaging the aquatic environment, ensuring the stability of the aquatic system. The membrane pore size is typically very small; specifically, the reverse osmosis membrane can effectively filter out various impurities, bacteria, and viruses in the water. The membrane material is generally a composite membrane, mainly composed of the two materials mentioned above, consisting of a very thin dense layer and a porous support layer. The porous support layer, also known as the base membrane, enhances mechanical strength; the dense layer, also known as the surface layer, performs desalination and is therefore called the desalination layer. The thickness of the desalination layer is generally 50 nm, with the thinnest being 30 nm. Its main supporting structure is a calendered polyester nonwoven fabric with a smooth, hard surface free of loose fibers. Because the polyester nonwoven fabric is very irregular and too porous, it is unsuitable as the bottom layer of the salt barrier layer. Therefore, microporous engineering plastic polysulfone is cast onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric. The pore size of the polysulfone layer is controlled at approximately 15 nm, and the thickness of the barrier polyamide is approximately 0.2 μm. Compared with cellulose acetate membranes, composite membranes have many advantages: good chemical stability (the allowable pH range for continuous operation is generally 2-11, and the allowable pH range for cleaning is generally 1-12); good transport performance (high Kw and low Ks); it will not be compressed during operation, and the permeate flow rate and desalination rate do not change with usage time; low operating pressure (the power consumption of the membrane system feed pump is reduced by more than half compared to cellulose acetate membranes); and long service life (some composite membranes have been used for 5 or 8 years and still perform well). The addition of the agent adopts a quantitative and automated method, which has the advantages of accurate dosage calculation and small addition error.

[0023] In this embodiment, the current wastewater source for a certain high-salinity wastewater treatment center is coal mine water inflow, with the maximum inflow reaching 4800 m³. 3High-salinity wastewater has high turbidity, total dissolved solids, color, and hardness, resulting in high operating costs for high-salinity wastewater treatment centers. This is mainly due to the selection of reagent ratios during operation, often leading to large amounts of white scale in drainage ditches. It also causes some ecological damage to groundwater and soil. With coal mining, a large amount of mine water is generated. To ensure mine production safety, mine water must be discharged to the surface. However, the resource utilization rate of mine water is low. With the increasing scarcity of water resources, the resource utilization of mine water is becoming increasingly important. After treatment, mine water will be fully utilized for production and domestic miscellaneous uses in mining areas. For example, it can be used for dust suppression in coal preparation plants and gangue piles, coal washing, and for watering greening if it meets the standards. It can also be used as production water in industries such as coal chemical industry, and as circulating cooling water in industries such as thermal power and steel. In resource-scarce water-rich areas in the north, after treatment, mine water can be used for ecological water use such as restoration and treatment of coal mining subsidence areas, depending on local conditions. Traditional mine water treatment processes primarily involve pumping mine water from underground to a surface water treatment plant for purification before direct discharge or partial reuse. Different mine water types require different treatment processes. Adopting different processes necessitates selecting superior cleaning concepts and methods, as well as appropriate reagent ratios. This requires a shift from conventional thinking to new concepts and methods for more effective treatment. High-mineralized mine water, with a salt content greater than 1%, is also known as high-salt mine water or saline mine water. This type of mine water is often neutral or slightly alkaline, with high sodium content (Na₂O₃). + Ca 2+ Cl-, SO4 2– The plasma has a high mass concentration, high hardness, and a mineralization of 1000–4000 mg / L, with a maximum of 40000 mg / L.

[0024] Statistics show that high-mineralized mine water accounts for approximately 30% of the total water inflow from key coal mines in northern my country, with some mines having a mineralization level exceeding 40,000 mg / L. Direct discharge of high-mineralized mine water can cause environmental damage, including surface water pollution (increased salinity), soil salinization, reduced surface vegetation, and pollution of shallow surface and groundwater. Therefore, effectively treating high-mineralized mine water is crucial for achieving green and sustainable development in mining areas. The key to treating high-mineralized mine water is desalination, and current treatment processes include distillation, ion exchange, membrane separation, and biological treatment.

[0025] Distillation, a thermal desalination method, is an effective way to desalinate water by consuming heat energy. It is generally suitable for high-salinity mine water with a salt content greater than 4000 mg / L. This method requires a large amount of heat energy, but in coal mining areas, coal gangue and low-calorific-value coal can be used as fuel, thus reducing costs. Currently, multi-effect, multi-stage flash distillation is widely used, which not only makes economical use of heat but also avoids severe scaling. Its advantages include long operating life, low pretreatment requirements, high operability, and high recovery rate. Its disadvantages include easy scaling on hot surfaces, high energy consumption, heavy equipment, and the need for corrosion and erosion resistance.

[0026] This method is currently one of the most widely researched treatment methods both domestically and internationally, and has been practically applied in countries such as the United States and Japan. Its principle is to utilize *Thiobacillus ferrooxidans* to decompose Fe in water under acidic conditions. 2+ Oxidized to Fe 3+ This is to achieve the purpose of removing iron from acidic mine water.

[0027] Wetland ecological engineering is a method of purifying water by utilizing the synergistic effects of plants, microorganisms, and wetland media within a natural ecosystem. This method is suitable for treating acidic mine water from coal mines because it effectively removes acidic components and metal ions. The specific steps of wetland ecological engineering include: constructing a wetland system, planting water-tolerant plants, introducing microorganisms, controlling water flow rate, and regular maintenance.

[0028] Based on the above analysis, high-efficiency cleaning devices use biochemical methods, particularly those with strong chemical reactions, to clean pollutants from the membrane, ultimately producing water that meets discharge requirements. The resulting discharged water is harmless to the environment and causes no secondary pollution. Most importantly, it has minimal impact on businesses, the environment, and the production and lives of local residents, reducing or eliminating potential harm to humans and the environment while fully meeting human needs and maximizing socio-economic benefits—a production model that achieves this.

[0029] Membrane separation processes use the permeability of nanofiltration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes to intercept calcium and magnesium ions in water, thereby reducing water hardness.

[0030] In China, reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology is widely used for treating high-mineralized mine water for domestic and industrial use. RO technology is a membrane separation and filtration technology that utilizes pressure difference as its driving force. Its pore size is as small as the nanometer scale. Under certain pressure, H2O molecules can pass through the RO membrane, while impurities in the raw water such as inorganic salts, heavy metal ions, organic matter, colloids, bacteria, and viruses cannot pass through. This strictly separates the permeable pure water from the non-permeable concentrated water. The reverse osmosis membrane separation process requires two conditions: first, a semi-permeable membrane with high selectivity and high permeability; and second, an operating pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of the solution.

[0031] Reverse osmosis membrane separation can be carried out at room temperature without phase change and with low energy consumption. It can be used for the separation and concentration of heat-sensitive substances; it can effectively remove inorganic salts and small organic molecule impurities; it has a high desalination rate and a high water reuse rate; the membrane separation device is simple, easy to operate, and easy to automate; the separation process is carried out under high pressure, so a high-pressure pump and high-pressure resistant pipeline are required; reverse osmosis membrane separation devices have high requirements for feed water indicators, and the raw water needs to be pretreated; membrane fouling is prone to occur during the separation process, so the membrane needs to be cleaned regularly to extend the service life of the membrane and improve the separation effect.

[0032] Automatic cleaning is performed whenever the membrane module pressure reaches a certain level to remove deposits and other contaminants. After a period of normal operation, the membrane element may become contaminated by suspended solids, inorganic matter, organic matter, microorganisms, colloidal substances, and fungi that may be present in the feed water.

[0033] Chemical or physical cleaning is required when a reverse osmosis system exhibits the following symptoms. Clean membrane elements contaminated with organic matter, but these cleaning steps need to be repeated, once with a high-pH cleaning solution and once with a low-pH cleaning solution: first clean with 0.1% (wt) NaOH, pH 12, at a maximum temperature of 30°C, then clean with 0.2% (wt) HCl, pH 2, at a maximum temperature of 45°C.

[0034] The cleaning steps of this cleaning device are as follows:

[0035] Open the chemical return valve on the product water side of the running reverse osmosis unit to replenish reverse osmosis product water to the cleaning water tank.

[0036] Rinse the chemical cleaning tank thoroughly with reverse osmosis product water to ensure there are no impurities inside.

[0037] Confirm that the chemical cleaning pump is intact, the inlet and outlet valves operate flexibly, and it is in standby mode. Then close the inlet valve.

[0038] Confirm that the filter is intact and the discharge valve operates smoothly and is in standby mode.

[0039] Close the drain valve of the cleaning filter.

[0040] Open the product water return valve of the operating unit, and close the return valve when the liquid level reaches half of the cleaning water tank.

[0041] Add cleaning agent (sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid) to the chemical cleaning tank. Alkaline cleaning: prepare sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1%, pH 12, and a maximum temperature of 30℃. Acid cleaning: prepare hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 0.2%, pH 2, and a maximum temperature of 40℃.

[0042] Start the chemical cleaning pump, slowly open the pump inlet valve, and close the chemical circulation valve after the solution has been fully mixed.

[0043] Open the reverse osmosis concentrate discharge valve, the return valve, and the cleaning inlet valve in sequence. Then slowly open the cleaning filter outlet valve to 1 / 3 of its opening. Open the cleaning filter vent valve and close it after water comes out of the vent valve.

[0044] When the cleaning water tank is drained to half capacity, first open the concentrated water side cleaning return valve, then close the concentrated discharge valve. Circulate at a low flow rate for 10-30 minutes, then turn off the cleaning pump and soak for 1-10 hours. If the color of the cleaning solution changes during circulation, it should be drained and fresh cleaning solution prepared. If the contamination is relatively light, soaking for 1-2 hours is sufficient.

[0045] Turn on the cleaning pump and slowly open the inlet valve of the cleaning filter, circulating at high flow rate for 20-30 minutes.

[0046] Open the concentrate drain valve to drain the cleaning fluid from the cleaning water tank, turn off the cleaning pump, cleaning inlet valve, and cleaning concentrate return valve, open the cleaning water tank drain valve and concentrate drain valve, start one water supply pump, and flush the membrane element for 1 hour.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A cleaning and quantification device for a high-salinity wastewater treatment system, characterized in that, This includes a cleaning water tank, a cleaning water pump, and a cleaning filter, which are connected in sequence via pipes; The cleaning water tank contains a cleaning agent, which contains sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid solution; the cleaning filter is equipped with an exhaust valve.

2. The cleaning and quantification device for a high-salinity wastewater treatment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A drug inlet valve is provided between the cleaning water tank and the cleaning water pump.

3. The cleaning and quantification device for a high-salinity wastewater treatment system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An inlet valve is provided between the cleaning water pump and the cleaning filter.

4. The cleaning and quantification device for a high-salinity wastewater treatment system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The discharge pipe of the cleaning filter is equipped with a discharge valve.

5. The cleaning and quantification device for a high-salinity wastewater treatment system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A return pipe is provided between the cleaning water pump and the inlet valve, and a return valve is provided on the return pipe.

6. The cleaning and quantification device for a high-salinity wastewater treatment system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the cleaning water tank is equipped with a thickening pipe, and the thickening pipe is equipped with a thickening valve.

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