A solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device, belonging to the field of hydrogen energy production and storage technology. The device includes a detachable portable water storage unit, a micro water pump, a micro steam generator, a detachable reaction tank, a reaction tank pressure measuring and hydrogen supply device, a reaction tank temperature measuring device, and an electronic control unit. The detachable portable water storage unit, water pump, steam generator, and detachable reaction tank are detachably connected. The reaction tank has a steam pipe with uniformly distributed venting holes inside. The electronic control unit communicates with each actuator and sensor device to achieve intelligent control of temperature and pressure, and has overpressure protection. This utility model solves the problems of poor portability and inconvenient replacement of magnesium hydride in existing hydrogen supply devices through modular design. It has the advantages of compact structure, safe operation, high reaction efficiency, and simple maintenance, and is particularly suitable for application scenarios with high requirements for portability and flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen energy preparation and storage technology, and in particular to a solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device, specifically a modular, intelligent solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device suitable for portable scenarios. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hydrogen energy utilization mainly relies on two methods: hydrogen cylinder supply and water electrolysis for hydrogen production. Hydrogen cylinder supply suffers from drawbacks such as large size and weight, and inconvenience in movement, making it difficult to meet the requirements for lightweight equipment. Water electrolysis for hydrogen production, on the other hand, is highly dependent on external power supply, has complex system integration, long start-up and shutdown times, poor low-temperature adaptability, and also suffers from problems such as large equipment size, high cost, and complex maintenance.

[0003] In comparison, magnesium hydride solid hydrogen storage materials offer advantages such as high hydrogen storage density and greater safety during use and transportation compared to hydrogen cylinders. With a well-designed hydrogen release device, portability, flexible deployment, and mobility can also be achieved. This material releases hydrogen through hydrolysis, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of the two aforementioned hydrogen supply methods and meeting the demands for lightweight, miniaturized, and portable hydrogen usage.

[0004] Hydrogen energy, as an ideal portable energy source, faces multiple limitations in current mobile application scenarios regarding hydrogen supply methods. High-pressure hydrogen cylinders pose significant safety hazards, have low volumetric energy density, and rely on hydrogen refueling facilities for replenishment. Water electrolysis for hydrogen production is energy-intensive, has a slow production rate, and requires a large-capacity power supply and pure water, resulting in a complex and cumbersome system. Although existing magnesium hydride hydrolysis technology can produce hydrogen at room temperature, most devices employ an integrated structure, rigidly integrating the reactor, pump, and control system, leading to a large overall size and weight and insufficient portability. Furthermore, after the reaction, the entire device must be disassembled for fuel replacement, a cumbersome operation that hinders rapid energy replenishment, severely limiting the application of this technology in highly flexible and mobile scenarios such as drones and individual soldier equipment.

[0005] Therefore, developing a lightweight hydrogen supply device that combines high energy density, good safety, convenient operation, and rapid fuel replacement has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention aims to overcome the problems of poor portability, inconvenient replacement of reaction tanks, and insufficient safety control of reaction processes in traditional hydrogen supply devices. It provides a solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device, which has the advantages of being portable, lightweight, flexibly arranged, having a hydrogen production rate that can be manually or automatically adjusted, a fast start-up speed, and low equipment and maintenance costs.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device, characterized in that it includes: a detachable portable water storage tank, a micro water pump, a micro steam generator, a detachable reaction tank, a reaction tank pressure measuring and hydrogen supply device, a reaction tank temperature measuring device, and an electronic control unit. The outlet of the detachable portable water storage device is detachably connected to the inlet of the micro water pump, and this detachable connection method makes it easier to replenish and replace the water source. The outlet of the micro water pump is connected to the inlet of the micro steam generator, which pumps water into the steam generator in a metered manner. The outlet of the micro steam generator is detachably connected to the steam inlet at the bottom of the detachable reaction tank, allowing the reaction tank to be quickly disassembled and replaced, thus enabling rapid replenishment of magnesium hydride. The hydrogen supply and pressure monitoring device for the reaction vessel is located above the reaction vessel. The temperature measuring device for the reaction vessel is installed on the inner wall of the reaction vessel (in the middle); The micro water pump, micro steam generator, reaction tank pressure measuring and hydrogen supply device, and reaction tank temperature measuring device are all connected to the electronic control unit to realize automatic control and intelligent adjustment of the entire hydrogen supply process.

[0008] Furthermore, the micro steam generator is equipped with a micro ceramic heating element and a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor and the micro ceramic heating element are communicatively connected to the electronic control unit; the electronic control unit is configured to control the working state of the micro ceramic heating element according to the detection signal of the temperature sensor, so that the temperature inside the micro steam generator is maintained within a preset range.

[0009] Furthermore, the detachable reaction vessel is vertically equipped with at least one steam pipe with multiple vent holes to ensure uniform distribution of water vapor and full contact with magnesium hydride, thereby improving the efficiency of the hydrolysis reaction.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure measuring and hydrogen supply device includes a pressure relief valve 501, a hydrogen supply valve 502, and a pressure transmitter 503. The pressure relief valve 501, hydrogen supply valve 502, and pressure transmitter 503 are connected to the top of the detachable reaction tank via a stainless steel four-way connector. The pressure relief valve 501, hydrogen supply valve 502, and pressure transmitter 503 are connected to the stainless steel four-way connector using a stainless steel compression fitting. The pressure relief valve, hydrogen supply valve, and pressure transmitter are communicatively connected to the electronic control unit for real-time monitoring and control of the pressure inside the reaction tank. In case of abnormal pressure, a safety protection mechanism is automatically activated to ensure safe system operation.

[0011] Furthermore, the electronic control unit includes a 32-bit microcontroller unit (MCU), which uses relatively small hardware to provide efficient data processing capabilities and precise control accuracy, enabling intelligent management of the hydrogen supply process.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: 1) Portability and modularity: By adopting a detachable portable water tank and a detachable reaction vessel, the consumable modules can be quickly separated and replaced, which greatly improves the portability and ease of use of the device.

[0013] 2) Operational safety and intelligent control: By integrating temperature and pressure sensing and control systems, and using electronic control units to precisely regulate micro water pumps, heating elements and valves, the reaction process is ensured to proceed under safe and controllable conditions, effectively avoiding risks such as overheating and overpressure.

[0014] 3) Highly efficient and uniform reaction: The bottom steam inlet method is adopted, combined with the built-in steam pipe with uniformly distributed vent holes, so that the water vapor can fully and uniformly contact the magnesium hydride, which improves the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0015] 4) Easy maintenance: The modular design allows for independent replacement of the water storage tank and reaction tank, resulting in low maintenance costs and making it particularly suitable for continuous operation in the field or emergency scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 Process flow diagram of hydrogen supply unit for solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis; 1-Detachable portable water storage tank; 2-Miniature water pump; 3-Miniature steam generator; 4-Detachable reaction vessel; 5-Reaction vessel pressure measurement and hydrogen supply device; 501-Pressure relief valve; 502-Hydrogen supply valve; 503-Pressure transmitter; 6-Reaction vessel temperature measurement device; 7-Electronic control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below: This embodiment discloses a solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device, the specific composition and connection relationship of which are as follows: The device includes a detachable portable water storage tank 1, a micro water pump 2, a micro steam generator 3, a detachable reaction vessel 4, a reaction vessel pressure measuring and hydrogen supply device 5, a reaction vessel temperature measuring device 6, and an electronic control unit 7.

[0018] The outlet of the detachable portable water tank 1 is detachably connected to the inlet of the micro water pump 2 via a quick-connect connector, making it convenient for users to remove the detachable portable water tank 1 for refilling or replacement.

[0019] The micro water pump 2 is selected such that its outlet is connected to the inlet of the micro steam generator 3 via a pipeline. Under the control of the electronic control unit, the micro water pump 2 can pump a relatively precise amount of water into the micro steam generator.

[0020] The micro steam generator 3 employs a design where its steam outlet is detachably connected to the steam inlet at the bottom of the detachable reaction vessel 4 via a quick-connect coupling. The micro steam generator 3 integrates a micro ceramic heating element and a temperature sensor, which are connected to the electronic control unit 7 via wires. Under the control of the electronic control unit, the micro steam generator 3 can maintain a specific temperature range.

[0021] The detachable reaction vessel 4 is the specific location where the hydrolysis of magnesium hydride material occurs. A steam pipe is vertically installed inside the detachable reaction vessel 4, and multiple vent holes are distributed evenly and symmetrically on the steam pipe.

[0022] A pressure testing and hydrogen supply device 5 is installed above the reaction tank. This device includes a pressure relief valve 501, a hydrogen supply valve 502, and a pressure transmitter 503. These components are connected to the top of the detachable reaction tank via a stainless steel four-way connector. The pressure relief valve 501, hydrogen supply valve 502, and pressure transmitter 503 are connected to the stainless steel four-way connector using stainless steel clamps. The pressure relief valve 501, hydrogen supply valve 502, and pressure transmitter 503 are each connected to an electronic control unit 7 via electrical connectors. When the device is in automatic operation, the water flow rate of the micro steam generator is dynamically adjusted according to the pressure value. When the pressure value exceeds the safe range during automatic or manual operation, the pressure relief valve is opened to release pressure, and the electronic control unit alerts the user.

[0023] The reaction vessel temperature measuring device 6 is inserted into the reaction zone from the middle side wall of the detachable reaction vessel 4, and its signal output terminal is connected to the electronic control unit 7.

[0024] The electronic control unit 7 uses a 32-bit MCU as its core processor and is connected via cables to the actuators and sensors in the micro water pump 2, micro steam generator 3, reaction tank pressure measuring and hydrogen supply device 5, and reaction tank temperature measuring device 6. The electronic control unit 7 is responsible for acquiring signals of hydrogen pressure, reaction tank temperature, and steam generator temperature in the reaction tank; issuing control signals to the micro water pump, micro steam generator, and reaction tank hydrogen supply device; and calculating and controlling the water pump flow rate.

[0025] The solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device mainly releases hydrogen gas based on the direct chemical reaction between magnesium hydride and water. The reaction formula is as follows: MgH2 + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + 2H2 In use, the user first installs the detachable portable water tank 1 filled with water onto the device, and then connects the detachable reaction vessel 4 filled with magnesium hydride to the device via a quick-connect connector. After starting the device, the electronic control unit 7 controls the micro water pump 2 to pump water meteringly into the micro steam generator 3. The electronic control unit 7 first detects the micro steam generator 3 through a temperature sensor and controls the micro ceramic heating element to maintain the temperature inside the micro steam generator 3 within the set temperature range. The generated steam enters the steam pipe through the bottom inlet of the micro steam generator 3, and is evenly sprayed out through the vent hole, where it undergoes a hydrolysis reaction with magnesium hydride to generate hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas generated by the reaction is output through the hydrogen supply device 5, which measures the pressure of the reaction vessel.

[0026] The electronic control unit 7 monitors the pressure and temperature inside the reaction tank in real time. It dynamically adjusts the water pump flow rate and the hydrogen supply valve opening using a PID algorithm to stabilize the system pressure within the set range. When the pressure exceeds the safety threshold, the electronic control unit 7 first reduces the water pump flow rate. If the pressure continues to rise, it controls the safety relief valve to open and release pressure, ensuring system safety.

[0027] Once the reaction is complete, the user can disassemble and replace the removable reaction vessel 4 and the removable portable water tank 1 to achieve rapid energy replenishment.

[0028] Users can also establish a communication connection with the electronic control unit 7 via a USB data cable or wireless connection using terminal devices such as computers and mobile phones, and operate the device through the supporting control software to set operating parameters including start-up time and hydrogen supply rate.

[0029] This embodiment achieves portability and quick replacement of the device through modular design, ensures the safety and stability of the reaction process through intelligent control system, and improves reaction efficiency through optimized vapor tube structure. It is particularly suitable for application scenarios with high requirements for portability and flexibility.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device, characterized in that, include: Detachable portable water storage device (1), micro water pump (2), micro steam generator (3), detachable reaction vessel (4), reaction vessel pressure measuring and hydrogen supply device (5), reaction vessel temperature measuring device (6), and electronic control unit (7). The outlet of the detachable portable water storage device (1) is detachably connected to the inlet of the micro water pump (2); The outlet of the micro water pump (2) is connected to the inlet of the micro steam generator (3); The outlet of the micro steam generator (3) is detachably connected to the steam inlet at the bottom of the detachable reaction vessel (4); The hydrogen supply device (5) for measuring the pressure of the reaction vessel is located above the reaction vessel (4); The reaction vessel temperature measuring device (6) is installed on the inner wall of the reaction vessel; The micro water pump (2), micro steam generator (3), reaction tank pressure measuring and hydrogen supply device (5), and reaction tank temperature measuring device (6) are respectively connected to the electronic control unit (7).

2. The solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro steam generator (3) is equipped with a micro ceramic heating element and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor and the micro ceramic heating element are communicatively connected to the electronic control unit (7).

3. The solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable reaction vessel (4) has at least one steam pipe vertically installed inside, and multiple venting holes are distributed on the steam pipe.

4. The solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction vessel pressure measurement and hydrogen supply device (5) includes a pressure relief valve (501), a hydrogen supply valve (502), and a pressure transmitter (503). The pressure relief valve (501), the hydrogen supply valve (502), and the pressure transmitter (503) are connected to the top of the detachable reaction vessel through a stainless steel four-way valve. The pressure relief valve (501), the hydrogen supply valve (502), and the pressure transmitter (503) are respectively connected to the electronic control unit (7) for communication.

5. The solid magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The electronic control unit (7) includes a 32-bit microcontroller.

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