A reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace dissolved hydrogen

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reactor for hydrogenation reaction by trace dissolved hydrogen belongs to chemical industry technical field, including microchannel bending pipe, the top fixedly connected with microchannel spiral pipe of microchannel bending pipe, is provided with extrusion subassembly to the top of microchannel spiral pipe, extrusion subassembly includes first outer tube, the bottom detachably connected with second outer tube of first outer tube, the top fixedly connected with support of second outer tube, the inner wall of support and first outer tube is adapted, the inside fixedly connected with motor of support, the drive end fixedly connected with lead screw of motor, the length of lead screw is adapted to the length of support, and its technical scheme main points are, through the motor of extrusion subassembly, lead screw, piston structure, can exert stable and controllable pressure to the reaction material containing trace dissolved hydrogen, effectively overcome the fluid resistance that microchannel spiral pipe and microchannel bending pipe produce because of the small size of channel, ensure that material uniform speed continuously flow through microchannel system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical technology, and in particular to a reactor that utilizes trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen for hydrogenation reactions. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogenation is a key process in chemical synthesis and is widely used in the preparation of fine chemicals and the degradation of pollutants. Among them, the process of hydrogenation using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen is particularly suitable for the synthesis of sensitive compounds because it can precisely control the reaction selectivity and reduce the generation of by-products. Although traditional batch reactors can hold a large amount of reactants, they have the problem of low mass transfer efficiency when dealing with trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen. Trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen are easily unevenly dispersed in the reactor and are difficult to fully contact with the reactants. Furthermore, fluctuations in the pressure and stirring rate in the reactor can easily cause dissolved hydrogen to escape, which not only reduces the reaction conversion rate but also increases the difficulty of process control. Therefore, some processes use microchannel reactors to improve the mass transfer effect.

[0003] However, existing microchannel hydrogenation equipment has small microchannel size and high fluid resistance, which can easily cause the flow rate to be too slow and lead to channel blockage, which is not conducive to the hydrogenation reaction of trace dissolved hydrogen.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a reactor that utilizes trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen for hydrogenation reactions. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a reactor that uses trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen for hydrogenation reaction. Through the motor, screw and piston structure of the extrusion component, a stable and controllable pressure can be applied to the reaction material containing trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen, effectively overcoming the fluid resistance caused by the small channel size of the microchannel spiral tube and the microchannel bend tube, and ensuring that the material flows through the microchannel system at a uniform speed continuously.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen includes a microchannel bend tube, with a microchannel helical tube fixedly connected to the top end of the microchannel bend tube, and an extrusion assembly disposed at the top end of the microchannel helical tube. The extrusion assembly includes a first outer cylinder, a second outer cylinder detachably connected to the bottom end of the first outer cylinder, a support fixedly connected to the top end of the second outer cylinder, the support being adapted to the inner wall of the first outer cylinder, a motor fixedly connected inside the support, a lead screw fixedly connected to the drive end of the motor, the length of the lead screw being adapted to the length of the support, a sleeve fitted onto the outer wall of the lead screw via a threaded sleeve, a piston fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sleeve, and the outer wall of the piston fitting against the inner wall of the second outer cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, a conical discharge nozzle is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second outer cylinder, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the conical discharge nozzle. The bottom end of the connecting pipe is detachably connected to the feed inlet of the microchannel spiral tube.

[0009] Furthermore, a pair of limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve and above the piston.

[0010] Furthermore, a pair of sliding sealing blocks are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the piston, and the sliding sealing blocks correspond one-to-one with the limiting blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower end of the second outer cylinder is connected to a feed pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall of the second outer cylinder is provided with a sliding groove adapted to the sliding sealing block and the limiting block, and the sliding groove is slidably connected to the sliding sealing block and the limiting block.

[0013] Furthermore, the bracket is n-shaped.

[0014] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Through the motor, lead screw, and piston structure of the extrusion assembly, a stable and controllable pressure can be applied to the reaction material containing trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen, effectively overcoming the fluid resistance caused by the small channel size of the microchannel spiral tube and microchannel bend tube, and ensuring that the material flows through the microchannel system at a uniform speed continuously.

[0016] 2. The second outer cylinder is connected to the microchannel spiral tube by a detachable connecting pipe, which makes it easy to replace microchannel components of different specifications according to reaction requirements and adapt to a variety of reaction scenarios; and the cooperation between the sliding sealing block and the chute not only avoids material leakage and ensures reaction stability, but also reduces component wear and extends equipment life. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in this embodiment;

[0018] Fig. 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the extrusion assembly in this embodiment;

[0019] Fig. 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled extrusion component in this embodiment;

[0020] Fig. 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the second outer cylinder in this embodiment.

[0021] In the figure, 1 is the extrusion assembly; 2 is the microchannel spiral tube; 3 is the microchannel bent tube; 4 is the feed tube; 101 is the first outer cylinder; 102 is the second outer cylinder; 103 is the conical discharge nozzle; 104 is the connecting tube; 105 is the bracket; 106 is the motor; 107 is the lead screw; 108 is the sleeve; 109 is the piston; 110 is the limiting block; and 111 is the sliding sealing block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Identical parts are indicated by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific part, respectively.

[0024] Reference Figs. 1 to 4 As shown, a reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen is provided in a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It includes a microchannel bent tube 3, a microchannel spiral tube 2 fixedly connected to the top end of the microchannel bent tube 3, and an extrusion assembly 1 provided at the top end of the microchannel spiral tube 2. The extrusion assembly 1 includes a first outer cylinder 101, a second outer cylinder 102 detachably connected to the bottom end of the first outer cylinder 101, a support 105 fixedly connected to the top end of the second outer cylinder 102, the support 105 being adapted to the inner wall of the first outer cylinder 101, a motor 106 fixedly connected inside the support 105, a lead screw 107 fixedly connected to the transmission end of the motor 106, the length of the lead screw 107 being adapted to the length of the support 105, a sleeve 108 being sleeved on the outer wall of the lead screw 107 through a threaded sleeve, a piston 109 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sleeve 108, and the outer wall of the piston 109 being in contact with the inner wall of the second outer cylinder 102.

[0025] The motor 106 drives the lead screw 107 to rotate. The screw sleeve and the lead screw 107 are threaded together to convert the rotational motion of the lead screw 107 into the linear motion of the sleeve 108, which in turn drives the piston 109 to slide stably along the inner wall of the second outer cylinder 102. The n-shaped support 105 can not only firmly fix the motor 106, but also provide sufficient vertical movement space for the sleeve 108 to avoid motion interference. The tight fit between the piston 109 and the inner wall of the second outer cylinder 102 can apply stable pressure to the reactants containing trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen in the cylinder, effectively overcoming the fluid resistance caused by the small channel size of the subsequent microchannel spiral tube 2 and microchannel bend tube 3, and ensuring that the material enters the microchannel system at a uniform speed and continuously for reaction.

[0026] Among them, the bottom end of the second outer cylinder 102 is fixedly connected to a conical discharge nozzle 103, the bottom end of the conical discharge nozzle 103 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 104, and the bottom end of the connecting pipe 104 is detachably connected to the feed inlet of the microchannel spiral tube 2.

[0027] The tapered discharge nozzle 103 has a gradually contracting structure, which can concentrate the reactants in the second outer cylinder 102 towards the center, preventing material residue in the corners of the cylinder bottom, and further improving the flow rate stability when the material enters the connecting pipe 104. The detachable connecting pipe 104 design makes it convenient for staff to replace the microchannel spiral tube 2 of different specifications according to the reaction requirements, and also facilitates disassembly and cleaning after the equipment is shut down, reducing the risk of cross-contamination of materials and improving the maintenance convenience and applicability of the equipment.

[0028] Among them, a pair of limiting blocks 110 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 108 and above the piston 109;

[0029] By cooperating with the sliding groove on the inner wall of the second outer cylinder 102, when the sleeve 108 moves up and down, the limiting block 110 slides synchronously along the sliding groove, making the sleeve 108 more stable when it moves down.

[0030] Among them, a pair of sliding sealing blocks 111 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the piston 109, and the sliding sealing blocks 111 correspond one-to-one with the limiting blocks 110;

[0031] By tightly fitting the sliding sealing block 111 against the inner wall of the second outer cylinder 102 and the inner wall of the groove, leakage of reactant material from the gap between the piston 109 and the second outer cylinder 102 can be effectively blocked.

[0032] The lower end of the second outer cylinder 102 is connected to the feed pipe 4;

[0033] The feed pipe 4 provides a dedicated channel for adding reactants containing trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen. Its position at the lower end of the second outer cylinder 102 allows it to coordinate with the movement of the piston 109. When the piston 109 slides upward, a negative pressure is created in the lower space of the second outer cylinder 102, which facilitates the entry of materials into the second outer cylinder 102 through the feed pipe 4. At the same time, the feed pipe 4 can be equipped with a valve to restrict the opening and closing of the feed pipe 4 during the material extrusion process, preventing material backflow during extrusion.

[0034] The inner wall of the second outer cylinder 102 is provided with a sliding groove adapted to the sliding sealing block 111 and the limiting block 110, and the sliding groove is slidably connected to the sliding sealing block 111 and the limiting block 110.

[0035] The sliding groove, which is precisely matched with the sliding seal block 111 and the limiting block 110, provides a stable movement trajectory for both, preventing the parts from jamming or shifting during sliding. At the same time, the closed structure of the sliding groove can prevent materials from entering the sliding fit gap, reduce component wear, and extend the service life of the equipment. In addition, the sliding groove can also help the sliding seal block 111 to enhance the sealing effect, ensure the pressure difference on both sides of the piston 109 is stable, and provide continuous power for material conveying.

[0036] Among them, the shape of the bracket 105 is n-shaped;

[0037] The n-shaped bracket 105 has its two side support arms firmly connected to the top of the second outer cylinder 102, while the hollow area in the middle provides installation space for the motor 106. At the same time, it avoids motion interference between the bracket 105 and the sleeve 108, ensuring that the sleeve 108 can drive the piston 109 to achieve maximum stroke up and down sliding.

[0038] Specific implementation process: First, open the valve on the feed pipe 4 and inject the pre-prepared reactant containing trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen into the second outer cylinder 102 through the feed pipe 4. At this time, start the motor 106 and control it to run in reverse, driving the lead screw 107 to rotate counterclockwise. Through the threaded engagement between the sleeve and the lead screw 107, the sleeve 108 is driven to slide upward slowly, thereby pulling the piston 109 to move upward along the inner wall of the second outer cylinder 102, creating a negative pressure in the lower space of the second outer cylinder 102, accelerating the intake of material from the feed pipe 4 until the material is injected into the second outer cylinder 102. Then, close the valve on the feed pipe 4. Next, adjust the motor 106 to run in the forward direction, driving the lead screw 107 to rotate clockwise. The sleeve 108 drives the piston 109 to slide downward at a uniform speed along the slide groove. During this process, the sliding sealing block 111 tightly fits the inner wall of the second outer cylinder 102 and the slide groove, preventing the material from flowing upward through the gap between the piston 109 and the slide groove. During leakage, the limiting block 110 moves down synchronously along the slide groove to ensure the stability of the sleeve 108. During the downward movement of the piston 109, a stable pressure is applied to the material in the second outer cylinder 102. Under the pressure, the material in the second outer cylinder 102 converges along the conical discharge nozzle 103 and enters the microchannel spiral tube 2 at a constant speed through the connecting pipe 104. When the material flows in the spiral microchannel spiral tube 2, the residence time is extended, and the trace amount of dissolved hydrogen comes into full contact with the reactants and a preliminary hydrogenation reaction occurs. Subsequently, the material continues to flow into the lower microchannel bent tube 3. The tortuous channel structure further disrupts the fluid flow state, enhances the mass transfer effect, and allows the unreacted dissolved hydrogen to continue to react with the reactants, thereby improving the reaction conversion rate. Finally, the material flows out from the outlet of the microchannel bent tube 3 and is connected to the collection container for subsequent separation and purification. If continuous reaction is required, the above feeding, pressurizing, and reaction steps can be repeated.

[0039] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reactor that utilizes trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen for hydrogenation reactions, characterized in that: It includes a microchannel bent tube (3), the top end of which is fixedly connected to a microchannel spiral tube (2), and the top end of the microchannel spiral tube (2) is provided with an extrusion assembly (1). The extrusion assembly (1) includes a first outer cylinder (101), a second outer cylinder (102) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the first outer cylinder (101), a bracket (105) is fixedly connected to the top end of the second outer cylinder (102), the bracket (105) is adapted to the inner wall of the first outer cylinder (101), a motor (106) is fixedly connected inside the bracket (105), a lead screw (107) is fixedly connected to the transmission end of the motor (106), the length of the lead screw (107) is adapted to the length of the bracket (105), a sleeve (108) is sleeved on the outer wall of the lead screw (107) through a threaded sleeve, a piston (109) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sleeve (108), and the outer wall of the piston (109) is in contact with the inner wall of the second outer cylinder (102).

2. The reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the second outer cylinder (102) is fixedly connected to a conical discharge nozzle (103), and the bottom end of the conical discharge nozzle (103) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (104). The bottom end of the connecting pipe (104) is detachably connected to the feed inlet of the microchannel spiral tube (2).

3. The reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of limiting blocks (110) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve (108) and above the piston (109).

4. The reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pair of sliding sealing blocks (111) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the piston (109), and the sliding sealing blocks (111) correspond one-to-one with the limiting blocks (110).

5. A reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the second outer cylinder (102) is connected to a feed pipe (4).

6. The reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the second outer cylinder (102) is provided with a sliding groove adapted to the sliding sealing block (111) and the limiting block (110), and the sliding groove is slidably connected to the sliding sealing block (111) and the limiting block (110).

7. The reactor for hydrogenation reaction using trace amounts of dissolved hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (105) is n-shaped.

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