Air-cooled feed pellet breaking device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522143752.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-10
AI Technical Summary
[0003]持续的高温会引发一系列严峻的工艺与品质问题：其一，它易导致饲料中添加的热敏性营养物质(如维生素、酶制剂、益生菌等)大量失活，显著降低饲料的营养价值；其二，高温会使物料中的淀粉部分糊化、脂肪析出，增加了破碎后粉料的粘性，不仅可能导致物料在腔体内重新粘聚结块，影响破碎粒度均匀性，更会加剧设备内部的粘壁、堵塞现象，降低生产连续性；其三，热积累还会加速破碎机锤片、筛网等核心工作部件的磨损，缩短其使用寿命
[0012]通过在内壁与外壁之间的冷却风道内固定设置螺旋导流片，迫使冷却风沿既定螺旋路径前进，延长了换热路径，消除了冷却死角，实现了均匀、高效的热交换；通过将混合风道的总出口通过风管连接至风机进口的安装方式，实现了在风机吸入前对新风与回风的预混合，避免了温差过大的条件下结露的风险。
Smart Images
Figure CN224700285U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of feed processing technology, specifically to an air-cooled feed pellet crushing device. Background Technology
[0002] Feed pellet crushers are key equipment in aquatic and livestock feed processing lines. Their function is to mechanically crush large-diameter ring die pellets into smaller, more uniform pellets or coarse powder to meet the feeding needs of different animals. During this crushing process, a large amount of mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, leading to a common phenomenon where the material temperature rises sharply to over 70°C.
[0003] Sustained high temperatures can trigger a series of serious process and quality problems: First, they can easily cause a large number of heat-sensitive nutrients added to feed (such as vitamins, enzymes, probiotics, etc.) to become inactive, significantly reducing the nutritional value of the feed; Second, high temperatures can cause partial gelatinization of starch and precipitation of fat in the material, increasing the stickiness of the crushed powder. This can not only cause the material to re-agglomerate in the cavity, affecting the uniformity of crushed particle size, but also exacerbate the sticking and clogging of the equipment, reducing production continuity; Third, heat accumulation can also accelerate the wear of core working components such as crusher hammers and screens, shortening their service life.
[0004] To address the aforementioned temperature rise issue, the most common practice is to install an air-cooled jacket on the outer wall of the crushing chamber. An external fan blows ambient air into the jacket, which then flows over the outer wall of the chamber and is discharged, dissipating some heat through air convection. However, in high-temperature and high-humidity environments (such as the summer rainy season), if low-temperature and high-humidity ambient air is directly introduced into the jacket, the rapidly cooled metal surface temperature of the outer wall of the chamber may be lower than the dew point temperature of the ambient air. This will cause water vapor to condense into liquid water on the outer wall surface. This condensation not only corrodes the equipment casing and shortens its lifespan, but more seriously, during shutdowns, the condensation may seep into the equipment and mix with feed residue, causing mold and bacterial growth, leading to cross-contamination of subsequent production batches and posing a significant biosafety risk. Utility Model Content
[0005] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an air-cooled feed pellet crushing device, including a frame, a drive motor, a crushing chamber mounted on the frame, and a crushing mechanism located within the crushing chamber. The crushing chamber has a double-layer jacket structure, with a sealed cooling air duct formed between its inner and outer walls. A spiral guide vane is fixedly installed inside the cooling air duct. A cooling air inlet communicating with the cooling air duct is provided at the lower part of the crushing chamber, and a cooling air outlet communicating with the cooling air duct is provided at the upper part of the crushing chamber. The cooling air inlet is connected to a fan for supplying cooling air to the cooling air duct via an air duct.
[0006] Furthermore, the axial direction of the cooling air inlet is consistent with the tangential direction of the spiral guide vane at the inlet.
[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a control system, which includes a first temperature sensor and a controller; the first temperature sensor is disposed at the discharge port of the crushing chamber and is used to detect the material temperature; the controller is signal-connected to the first temperature sensor and is control-connected to the blower.
[0008] Furthermore, the fan is a variable frequency fan, and the controller is configured to adjust the fan speed according to the temperature signal fed back by the first temperature sensor.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a mixing duct, which has a first inlet, a second inlet and a total outlet; the total outlet of the mixing duct is connected to the inlet of the fan through a duct; the first inlet is a fresh air inlet and the second inlet is a return air inlet for drawing in hot air from around the equipment.
[0010] Furthermore, a second temperature sensor for detecting the cooling air temperature is provided at the cooling air outlet.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0012] By fixing spiral guide vanes in the cooling air duct between the inner and outer walls, the cooling air is forced to advance along a predetermined spiral path, which extends the heat exchange path, eliminates cooling dead zones, and achieves uniform and efficient heat exchange. By connecting the total outlet of the mixing air duct to the fan inlet through an air duct, the fresh air and return air are premixed before being drawn into the fan, avoiding the risk of condensation under conditions of excessive temperature difference. Attached Figure Description
[0013] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall top sectional view of the present invention;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom view of the present invention;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide vane structure of this utility model.
[0017] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Drive motor; 3. Crushing chamber; 31. Inner wall; 32. Outer wall; 33. Cooling air duct; 34. Spiral guide vane; 35. Cooling air inlet; 36. Cooling air outlet; 4. Crushing mechanism; 5. Fan; 6. First temperature sensor; 7. Controller; 8. Mixing air duct; 81. First inlet; 82. Second inlet; 83. Total outlet; 9. Second temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the air-cooled feed pellet crushing device of this embodiment includes a frame 1, a drive motor 2, a crushing chamber 3 mounted on the frame 1, and a crushing mechanism 4 located inside the crushing chamber 3. The crushing chamber 3 has a double-layer jacket structure, with a sealed cooling air duct 33 formed between its inner wall 31 and outer wall 32. A spiral guide vane 34 is fixedly installed inside the cooling air duct 33. A cooling air inlet 35 communicating with the cooling air duct 33 is provided at the lower part of the crushing chamber 3, and a cooling air outlet 36 communicating with the cooling air duct 33 is provided at the upper part of the crushing chamber 3. A fan 5 for supplying cooling air to the cooling air duct 33 is connected to the cooling air inlet 35 through an air duct.
[0020] The axial direction of the cooling air inlet 35 is consistent with the tangential direction of the spiral guide vane 34 at the inlet, ensuring that the cooling air can smoothly and unimpededly enter the channel formed by the spiral guide vane 34, minimizing the inlet resistance, impact and vortex phenomenon of the airflow.
[0021] It also includes a control system, which includes a first temperature sensor 6 and a controller 7. The first temperature sensor 6 is installed at the discharge port of the crushing chamber 3 to detect the material temperature. The controller 7 is connected to the first temperature sensor 6 and is connected to the fan 5 for control. By detecting the discharge temperature in real time, the system can sense the actual working load and heat generation status of the crusher, providing a data basis for precise control.
[0022] The fan 5 is a variable frequency fan, and the controller 7 is configured to adjust the speed of the fan 5 according to the temperature signal fed back by the first temperature sensor 6, so as to avoid energy waste caused by the fan 5 continuously running at the highest speed.
[0023] It also includes a mixing duct 8, which has a first inlet 81, a second inlet 82 and a total outlet 83. The total outlet 83 of the mixing duct 8 is connected to the inlet of the fan 5 through a duct. The first inlet 81 is a fresh air inlet, and the second inlet 82 is a return air inlet for drawing in hot air from around the equipment. When the ambient temperature is low (such as in winter), the "return air" (second inlet 82) with a higher ambient temperature can be introduced completely or partially. This part of the return air has been preheated by the heat generated by the equipment motor, crushing friction, etc., and its temperature is much higher than that of the outdoor fresh air. Using preheated air for cooling can prevent condensation (water vapor) on the outer wall of the cavity or the internal material due to the large temperature difference when the cold air comes into contact with the high temperature cavity wall. At the same time, it reduces the energy required to heat the cooling air to the working temperature, thus achieving energy saving. When the ambient temperature is high, the lower temperature outdoor "fresh air" (first inlet 81) can be used entirely to obtain the maximum cooling temperature difference and the best cooling effect.
[0024] A second temperature sensor 9 is installed at the 36 cooling air outlets to detect the cooling air temperature. By monitoring the outlet air temperature, it is possible to intuitively understand how much heat is removed during the cooling process and evaluate the real-time working efficiency of the cooling system.
[0025] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:
[0026] The drive motor 2 drives the crushing mechanism 4 to crush the feed particles in the crushing chamber 3. The heat generated during the process is carried away by the cooling air provided by the fan 5. The cooling air enters the closed cooling duct 33 from the cooling air inlet 35, and spirals upward along the inner wall 31 of the crushing chamber 3 under the guidance of the spiral guide vane 34. After fully absorbing the heat, it is discharged from the cooling air outlet 36. The control system detects the material temperature at the discharge port through the first temperature sensor 6, and the controller 7 adjusts the speed of the variable frequency fan 5 accordingly to achieve intelligent temperature control. The mixing duct 8 adjusts the ratio of fresh air to return air through the first inlet 81 and the second inlet 82 to optimize the cooling efficiency. The second temperature sensor 9 monitors the air temperature at the cooling air outlet 36 in real time for system monitoring.
[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An air-cooled feed pellet crushing device, comprising a frame (1), a drive motor (2), a crushing chamber (3) mounted on the frame (1), and a crushing mechanism (4) located within the crushing chamber (3), characterized in that: The crushing chamber (3) has a double-layer jacket structure, and a closed cooling air duct (33) is formed between its inner wall (31) and outer wall (32). A spiral guide vane (34) is fixedly installed in the cooling air duct (33). A cooling air inlet (35) communicating with the cooling air duct (33) is provided at the lower part of the crushing chamber (3), and a cooling air outlet (36) communicating with the cooling air duct (33) is provided at the upper part of the crushing chamber (3). A fan (5) for providing cooling air to the cooling air duct (33) is connected to the cooling air inlet (35) through an air duct.
2. The air-cooled feed pellet crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial direction of the cooling air inlet (35) is consistent with the tangential direction of the spiral guide vane (34) at the inlet.
3. The air-cooled feed pellet crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which includes a first temperature sensor (6) and a controller (7); the first temperature sensor (6) is located at the discharge port of the crushing chamber (3) and is used to detect the material temperature; the controller (7) is signal-connected to the first temperature sensor (6) and is control-connected to the blower (5).
4. The air-cooled feed pellet crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fan (5) is a variable frequency fan, and the controller (7) is configured to adjust the speed of the fan (5) according to the temperature signal fed back by the first temperature sensor (6).
5. The air-cooled feed pellet crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mixing duct (8), which has a first inlet (81), a second inlet (82) and a total outlet (83); the total outlet (83) of the mixing duct (8) is connected to the inlet of the fan (5) through a duct; the first inlet (81) is a fresh air inlet and the second inlet (82) is a return air inlet for drawing in hot air from around the equipment.
6. The air-cooled feed pellet crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second temperature sensor (9) for detecting the cooling air temperature is provided at the cooling air outlet (36).