A ball mill cylinder and a ball mill

Abstract

This invention provides a ball mill cylinder and a ball mill, including a shell with several vertical steel bars inside the shell and a rigid component between two vertical steel bars. The thickness of the vertical steel bars is less than the thickness of the rigid component, and a first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix flush with the rigid component is provided on the vertical steel bars. Thus, when the grinding ball rolls over it, its motion state changes abruptly at the interface between the rigid component and the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix. The high-friction coefficient rigid component will generate a gripping and acceleration effect on the ball, while the low-friction coefficient first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix will generate a release effect. This periodic gripping-release dynamic behavior breaks the centrifugal tendency of the grinding ball rotating at a uniform speed with the cylinder caused by the traditional uniform lining, significantly increases the proportion of the grinding ball's falling and impact motion, and greatly improves energy utilization and grinding efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ball mill equipment technology, specifically to a ball mill cylinder and a ball mill. Background Technology

[0002] Sand milling and ball milling are key processes for pulverizing, mixing, and dispersing materials, and are widely used in mining, ceramics, chemical, pharmaceutical, and new materials industries. The inner lining of sand mill and ball mill cylinders must have high wear resistance to extend service life, high efficiency, and at the same time prevent contamination of the grinding materials.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream lining types include: 1. Integral ceramic lining: It has high hardness, good wear resistance and extremely low pollution, but it is brittle and easily cracks and is scrapped when subjected to impact. Moreover, the manufacturing cost is high, especially for large tanks of 2.5L and above, where the difficulty and risk of sintering increase dramatically.

[0004] 2. Mosaic-style inlaid zirconia and aluminum lining: Small pieces of zirconia and aluminum ceramic are inlaid in the metal matrix. The impact resistance is better than that of solid ceramic, but the joints are prone to becoming weak points of wear, causing the ceramic blocks to loosen and fall off. In addition, its friction characteristics are singular.

[0005] 3. Integral polyurethane lining: It has good toughness, impact resistance and light weight, but its wear resistance is far inferior to that of ceramics, its service life is short, and the surface friction coefficient of pure polyurethane is high, which affects the grinding efficiency.

[0006] Existing technologies treat the lining as a passive protective component, focusing on enhancing wear resistance or impact resistance, without actively considering its positive impact on grinding kinetics and efficiency. This is particularly true in large sand mills and ball mill cylinders, where the grinding ball's trajectory tends to be uniform, resulting in low energy utilization and being a major cause of low grinding efficiency and high energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a ball mill cylinder and a ball mill that can actively improve grinding efficiency.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is, on the one hand, the technical solution adopted is: A ball mill cylinder includes a shell, the interior of which is provided with a plurality of vertical steel bars, and a rigid component is provided between two of the vertical steel bars; the thickness of the vertical steel bars is less than the thickness of the rigid component, and a first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix flush with the rigid component is provided on the vertical steel bars.

[0009] In one embodiment, the rigid component includes a plurality of rigid parts, with a transverse steel strip between two of the rigid parts. The thickness of the transverse steel strip is less than the thickness of the rigid parts, and the transverse steel strip is provided with a second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix flush with the rigid parts.

[0010] In one embodiment, the rigid component includes a vertical rigid member.

[0011] In one embodiment, a plurality of connecting grooves are evenly provided on the vertical steel bar, the connecting grooves including T-grooves, inverted grooves, and dovetail tenons.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix are cast-molded wear-resistant organic material elastomers.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix has an extension that extends into the connecting groove.

[0014] In one embodiment, the vertical steel bar is welded to the housing.

[0015] In one embodiment, the hard component includes hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet.

[0016] In one embodiment, the housing is cylindrical and is made of stainless steel.

[0017] The technical problem that this utility model aims to solve, and the technical solution it adopts, is as follows: A ball mill using a ball mill cylinder according to any of the above embodiments.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model, through the arrangement of a hard component and a first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix and a second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix, causes a sudden change in the motion state at the interface between the hard component and the first or second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix when the grinding ball rolls over it. The high-friction hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet will generate a gripping and acceleration effect on the ball, while the low-friction wear-resistant organic material elastomer region will generate a release effect. This periodic gripping-release dynamic behavior breaks the centrifugal tendency of the grinding ball rotating at a uniform speed with the cylinder caused by the traditional uniform lining, significantly increases the proportion of the grinding ball's falling and impact motion, and uses more energy for effective crushing rather than ineffective friction, thereby greatly improving energy utilization and grinding efficiency.

[0019] 2. By incorporating both a first and a second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix, the two matrices exhibit excellent buffering and energy absorption properties, effectively absorbing the impact energy of grinding balls and materials. This completely eliminates the risk of fragility in the overall hard ceramic or hard alloy cylinder. Even under extreme impact, only a single piece of hard ceramic or hard alloy will be damaged, without causing catastrophic overall cracking.

[0020] 3. Through the design of the connecting groove and extension, it is possible to achieve dual fixation (chemical bonding + physical anchoring) of hard ceramic or hard alloy sheets, with a bonding force far exceeding that of traditional adhesive methods, effectively preventing hard ceramic or hard alloy sheets from falling off under long-term complex stress environments.

[0021] 4. By incorporating hard components and a first and second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix, the amount of expensive hard ceramics or cemented carbide used is significantly reduced, lowering raw material costs. Furthermore, the low density of both the first and second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrices achieves lightweighting of the cylinder, facilitating handling and reducing equipment drive energy consumption. Simultaneously, it avoids the high scrap rate problem associated with manufacturing large, integral hard ceramic or cemented carbide components. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, lacking the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix; Figure 2 This is a top view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 10, shell; 20, vertical steel bar; 25, connecting groove; 30, rigid component; 40, horizontal steel bar; 50, first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Example 1 like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment includes a housing 10; in this embodiment, the housing 10 is cylindrical and is made of stainless steel.

[0026] The interior of the housing 10 is provided with several vertical steel bars 20, and a rigid component is provided between two vertical steel bars 20. The rigid component includes several rigid parts 30, and a transverse steel bar 40 is provided between two rigid parts 30. Thus, a rigid part 30 and a transverse steel bar 40 are intersected between two vertical steel bars 20. In this embodiment, the vertical steel bars 20 are welded to the housing 10; the transverse steel bars 40 are also welded to the housing 10, and the rigid parts 30 are confined between the two vertical steel bars 20.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rigid components 30 of two adjacent rigid components are staggered on the inner wall of the housing 10.

[0028] The thickness of the vertical steel strip 20 is less than the thickness of the rigid component, and the vertical steel strip 20 is provided with a first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 that is flush with the rigid component 30; the thickness of the horizontal steel strip 40 is less than the thickness of the rigid component 30, and the horizontal steel strip 40 is provided with a second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix that is flush with the rigid component 30; in this embodiment, the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix are cast polyurethane; thus, the cast polyurethane, together with the vertical steel strip 20 and the horizontal steel strip 40, fixes the rigid component 30 to the housing 10.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix are polyurethane; thus, the hard component 30 and the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix are disposed; wherein, the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix are low-friction first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 and low-friction first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 and low-friction second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix; the hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet is a high-friction hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet.

[0030] When the grinding ball rolls over, its motion state will change abruptly at the junction of the hard part 30 and the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 or the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix; the hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet with a high coefficient of friction will have a gripping and acceleration effect on the ball, while the wear-resistant organic material elastomer region with a low coefficient of friction will have a release effect.

[0031] The crawling effect: Core principle: The coefficient of friction is a physical quantity that measures the sliding resistance between two contacting surfaces. A high coefficient of friction means that the grinding ball is less likely to slip against the hard plate.

[0032] Process description: 1. When a grinding mill (such as a ball mill) is running, the tank moves, attempting to move the grinding balls and materials inside.

[0033] 2. If the inner wall of the tank is smooth (low coefficient of friction), the grinding ball is more likely to slide rather than rise effectively with the tank, resulting in some energy being wasted on ineffective sliding friction.

[0034] 3. When the inner wall is made of high-friction hard ceramics (such as zirconium oxide, alumina) or hard alloys (such as tungsten carbide), the surface will bite or engage the grinding ball, greatly reducing slippage.

[0035] 4. This powerful meshing force can more efficiently transfer the rotational kinetic energy of the tank to the grinding balls, lifting them to a higher position.

[0036] Acceleration effect; Core principle: Improved energy transfer efficiency directly leads to the grinding ball gaining greater kinetic energy.

[0037] Process description: 1. Due to effective gripping, the grinding ball is brought to a higher position.

[0038] 2. After reaching a certain height, the grinding ball will detach from the tank wall and fall in a parabolic trajectory under the influence of gravity.

[0039] 3. According to the principle of potential energy to kinetic energy conversion, the higher it is lifted, the greater the speed it gains when falling, and the greater the kinetic energy of the impact.

[0040] 4. Therefore, the high coefficient of friction of the inner wall indirectly accelerates the grinding balls, causing them to impact the material and balls below with higher speed and energy, thereby generating stronger impact and shearing forces and improving grinding efficiency.

[0041] Release effect; Polyurethane itself is a material with excellent wear resistance and a certain degree of elasticity. When its coefficient of friction is further reduced, the release effect is enhanced through the following mechanisms: 1. Non-stick surface: The low coefficient of friction means that the surface is very smooth and repellent (especially for certain slurries), similar to the Teflon coating on non-stick cookware. Particles in the slurry have difficulty adhering firmly to the surface of the grinding ball.

[0042] 2. Reduce mechanical interlocking: The smoother the surface, the more difficult it is for slurry particles to be physically hooked or embedded in the micro-pits on the surface of the grinding ball.

[0043] 3. Changes in rheological properties: In a high-speed grinding environment, low-friction surfaces affect the hydrodynamics of the slurry around the grinding balls, making it easier for them to be thrown off rather than carried away.

[0044] This periodic grasp-release dynamic behavior breaks the centrifugal tendency of the grinding balls rotating at a constant speed with the cylinder caused by the traditional uniform lining. It significantly increases the proportion of the grinding balls falling and impacting, and uses more energy for effective crushing rather than ineffective friction, thereby greatly improving energy utilization and grinding efficiency.

[0045] In this embodiment, the hard component 30 is more wear-resistant than the organic materials (the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix). The hard component 30 is embedded and misaligned with the organic materials (the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix). Therefore, when the grinding ball moves on the inner wall of the cylinder, it will first wear down the organic materials (the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix) a little. The wear will proceed gradually from the edge of the hard component 30 towards the center of the organic material block in a pot-bottom shape. Due to the protection of the hard component 30, it will not be worn down after a certain degree of wear. At this time, the inner wall of the cylinder will form a pitted shape. When the ball moves inside, its trajectory will not be like the traditional straight uniform motion, so an acceleration release effect will be formed.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first and second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrices possess excellent buffering and energy absorption properties, effectively absorbing the impact energy of the grinding balls and materials, thus completely eliminating the risk of fragility of the integral hard ceramic or hard alloy cylinder. Even under extreme impact, only a single piece of hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet will be damaged, without causing catastrophic overall cracking.

[0047] In this embodiment, the hard component 30 includes hard ceramic and hard alloy sheet; A number of connecting grooves 25 are evenly provided on the vertical steel bar 20. The connecting grooves 25 include T-shaped grooves, inverted grooves, and dovetail grooves. The first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 is provided with an extension extending into the connecting groove 25. Thus, through the setting of the connecting grooves 25 and the extension, the hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet can be double-fixed (chemical bonding + physical anchoring), and the bonding force is far greater than that of traditional adhesive methods, effectively preventing the hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet from falling off under long-term complex stress environment.

[0048] Furthermore, the use of the hard component 30 and the first and second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrices 50 significantly reduces the amount of expensive hard ceramics or cemented carbides, lowering raw material costs. The low density of both the first and second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrices also contributes to the lightweight design of the cylinder, facilitating handling and reducing equipment drive energy consumption. Simultaneously, it avoids the high scrap rate associated with manufacturing large, integral hard ceramic or cemented carbide components.

[0049] Example 2 This embodiment includes a housing 10, which is cylindrical and made of stainless steel.

[0050] The interior of the housing 10 is provided with several vertical steel bars 20; in this embodiment, the vertical steel bars 20 are welded to the housing 10.

[0051] A rigid component is provided between the two vertical steel bars 20; the rigid component includes a vertical rigid member 30. In this embodiment, the thickness of the vertical steel bar 20 is less than the thickness of the rigid component. A first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 is provided on the vertical steel bar 20, which is flush with the rigid member 30; and the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 is cast polyurethane; thereby, the vertical rigid member 30 is fixed to the housing 10 by the first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50.

[0052] In one embodiment, the vertical rigid member 30 is also welded to the housing 10.

[0053] A plurality of connecting grooves 25 are evenly provided on the vertical steel bar 20. The connecting grooves 25 include T-grooves, inverted grooves, and dovetail tenons. In this embodiment, the connecting groove 25 is a T-groove, which extends to the inner surface of the housing 10. The first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix 50 is provided with an extension extending into the connecting groove 25. Thus, through the setting of the connecting groove 25 and the extension, the hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet can be double-fixed (chemical bonding + physical anchoring), and the bonding force is far greater than that of the traditional adhesive method, effectively preventing the hard ceramic or hard alloy sheet from falling off under long-term complex stress environment.

[0054] In addition, the hard component 30 includes hard ceramic and hard alloy sheet.

[0055] Example 3 A ball mill using the ball mill cylinder of Example 1 or Example 2.

[0056] Example 4 A sand mill using the ball mill cylinder of Example 1 or Example 2.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the technical solutions of this utility model have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A ball mill cylinder, comprising a shell (10), characterized in that: The interior of the housing (10) is provided with a plurality of vertical steel bars (20), and a rigid component is provided between two vertical steel bars (20); the thickness of the vertical steel bars (20) is less than the thickness of the rigid component, and a first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix (50) flush with the rigid component is provided on the vertical steel bars (20).

2. The ball mill cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid component includes several rigid parts (30), and a transverse steel strip (40) is provided between two of the rigid parts (30). The thickness of the transverse steel strip (40) is less than the thickness of the rigid parts (30), and the transverse steel strip (40) is provided with a second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix that is flush with the rigid parts (30).

3. The ball mill cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid component includes a vertical rigid member (30).

4. The ball mill cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical steel bar (20) is provided with a number of connecting grooves (25) evenly distributed. The connecting grooves (25) include T-shaped grooves, inverted grooves, and dovetail tenons.

5. The ball mill cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix (50) and the second wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix are cast wear-resistant organic material elastomers.

6. The ball mill cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first wear-resistant elastic organic material matrix (50) has an extension that extends into the connecting groove (25).

7. The ball mill cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical steel bar (20) is welded to the shell (10).

8. The ball mill cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hard component (30) includes hard ceramic and hard alloy sheet.

9. The ball mill cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (10) is cylindrical and is made of stainless steel.

10. A ball mill employing the ball mill cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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