A vibration-resistant insert-type PCD twist drill

Abstract

This utility model discloses an anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill, comprising a blade, a shank, and a holder integrally formed from front to back. The blade surface has a chip guide groove spirally formed from front to back, and a weld groove is formed at the front end of the blade. Elastic metal interlayers are provided on both sides of the weld groove. A cutting head is positioned between the two elastic metal interlayers, and a rib is provided at the rear end of the cutting head. A weld plate groove is formed on the inner wall of the weld groove. The cutting head consists of a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge, both of which are composed of a chip breaker, an A machining edge, and a B machining edge. An inclined groove is provided at the junction of the chip breaker and the B machining edge. This anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill effectively absorbs high-frequency cutting vibrations through the high damping characteristics of the elastic metal interlayers, reducing noise generated by the PCD drill bit when machining composite materials. Furthermore, the inclined groove and chip breaker change the distribution of cutting force from periodic impacts to a continuous, gradually varying load, significantly reducing the risk of resonance and improving stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metal cutting tool technology, and in particular to an anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill. Background Technology

[0002] Insert-type PCD twist drills are superhard cutting tools used for hole machining. They use polycrystalline diamond (PCD) as the cutting edge material, with PCD discs inserted or welded to the alloy tool body in a specific manner. They possess high hardness and high wear resistance, and are commonly used for machining difficult-to-machine materials such as non-ferrous metals and fibrous materials. The following is a detailed introduction.

[0003] Existing insert-type PCD twist drills generally suffer from significant vibration and "whistling" issues during high-frequency cutting due to their traditional welded structure. Furthermore, the presence of micro-cracks on the cutting edge of traditional tools leads to low intergranular bonding strength in PCD, resulting in thermal stress concentration at the weld interface, which easily causes cracks and shortens the cutting edge life. In addition, when machining composite materials, traditional chip flutes cannot automatically adjust the chip curling direction for different materials, leading to delamination problems when machining composite materials. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems and achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: The technical solution of this utility model is: a vibration-resistant insert-type PCD twist drill, comprising a blade, a handle, and a holder integrally formed from front to back. The surface of the blade is spirally provided with chip guide grooves from front to back. A welding groove is provided at the front end of the blade. Elastic metal interlayers are fixedly installed on both sides of the welding groove. A cutting head is provided between the two elastic metal interlayers. A rib is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cutting head. A welding plate groove adapted to the rib is provided on the inner wall of the welding groove. The cutting head is composed of a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge. Both the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are composed of a chip breaker, an A machining edge, and a B machining edge. An inclined groove is provided at the junction of the chip breaker and the B machining edge. A first chip breaker groove is provided on the surface of one chip breaker and a second chip breaker groove is provided on the surface of the other chip breaker. The outer side wall of the cutting head is rounded.

[0005] Furthermore, an auxiliary machining edge is formed between the surface of the blade and one side of the chip guide groove.

[0006] Furthermore, the rounding angle of the cutting edge is R0.01-0.03mm.

[0007] Furthermore, the width of the raised rib is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the height of the raised rib is 0.5-0.15 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-section of the rib is trapezoidal, the apex angle of the trapezoid is 70-80°, and the surface roughness of the sidewall of the rib is Ra10-12μm.

[0009] Furthermore, both sides of the rear end of the cutter head are provided with welding surface edge chamfers, and the width of the welding surface edge chamfer is 0.04-0.06mm, the angle of the welding surface edge chamfer is 40-50°, and the surface roughness of the welding surface edge chamfer is Ra0.4-0.6μm.

[0010] Furthermore, the angle between the axis of the weld groove and the axis of the cutter head is 0.8-1.2°.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic metal interlayer is made of a copper-nickel alloy and pure silver, and the thickness of the elastic metal interlayer is 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, a chip removal groove with the same curvature as the chip guide groove is formed between the chip breaking edge and the B machining edge.

[0013] Furthermore, the front end of the tool holder is provided with a chip discharge groove that matches the chip guide groove, and the front end of the tool holder is provided with a chamfered ring that connects to the rear end of the tool holder.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are: (1) A vibration-resistant insert-type PCD twist drill, by setting an elastic metal interlayer, the elastic metal interlayer effectively absorbs high-frequency cutting vibrations during use. Compared with the traditional PCD twist drill, it has good vibration resistance, reduces the noise generated by the PCD drill when machining composite materials, avoids the problem of howling phenomenon during the machining of composite materials, and breaks the symmetrical structure of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge by setting the inclined groove, the first chip breaker groove and the second chip breaker groove, so that the distribution of cutting force changes from periodic impact to continuous gradual load, greatly reducing the risk of resonance and improving the stability of the tool during use.

[0015] (2) A vibration-resistant insert-type PCD twist drill, which is provided with a first chip breaking groove, a second chip breaking groove, a chip guiding groove and a chip removal groove. The tangential connection design of the first chip breaking groove, the second chip breaking groove and the chip guiding groove, together make the chip removal groove and the chip guiding groove form a spiral groove. Compared with the traditional straight groove chip removal groove, the spiral groove forms a chip removal channel similar to "turbocharging", which can increase the chip removal speed. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the blade head and blade body of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a side view schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter head of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rounded cutting edge and inclined groove of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the chamfered edge and raised rib of the welded surface of this utility model. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second chip-breaking groove and the rounded cutting edge of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the welding groove and the blade of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a side view schematic diagram of the structure of the welding groove and welding sheet groove of this utility model.

[0017] The numbers and letters in the diagram represent the names of the corresponding components: 1. Tool body; 11. Chip guide groove; 12. Auxiliary machining edge; 13. Weld groove; 14. Elastic metal interlayer; 15. Weld plate groove; 2. Tool tip; 21. Chip breaker edge; 211. First chip breaker groove; 212. Second chip breaker groove; 22. A machining edge; 23. B machining edge; 3. Inclined groove; 4. Chip removal groove; 5. Cutting edge rounding; 6. Tool holder; 7. Tool base; 8. Rib; 81. Weld surface edge chamfer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0019] See appendix Figures 1-8 As shown, an anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill includes a blade 1, a shank 6, and a holder 7 integrally formed from front to back. The surface of the blade 1 has a chip guide groove 11 spirally formed from front to back. The front end of the blade 1 has a weld groove 13. Both sides of the rear end of the drill head 2 are provided with weld surface edge chamfers 81. The width of the weld surface edge chamfer 81 is 0.04-0.06mm, the angle of the weld surface edge chamfer 81 is 40-50°, and the surface roughness of the weld surface edge chamfer 81 is Ra0.4-0.6μm. The weld surface chamfer structure of the weld surface edge chamfer 81 can reduce the brazing thermal stress concentration factor from 2.5 to below 1.2, thus completely eliminating the generation of weld interface cracks.

[0020] Both sides of the weld groove 13 are fixedly equipped with elastic metal sandwich layers 14. A cutter head 2 is arranged between the two elastic metal sandwich layers 14. A rib 8 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cutter head 2. The width of the rib 8 is 0.2-0.4mm, the height of the rib 8 is 0.5-0.15mm, the cross-section of the rib 8 is trapezoidal, the apex angle of the trapezoid of the rib 8 is 70-80°, the surface roughness of the side wall of the rib 8 is Ra10-12μm, and the ratio of the bottom width of the rib 8 to the width of the weld groove 13 is 1:5-1:3. The inner wall of the weld groove 13 is provided with a welding plate groove 15 that matches the rib 8. The angle between the axis of the weld groove 13 and the axis of the cutter head 2 is 0.8-1.2°. Through the angle, the welding plate groove 15 and the rib 8 are mechanically interlocked, so that the cutter head 2 provides reliable anti-torsion protection under high-speed rotation conditions.

[0021] The cutting head 2 consists of a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge. Both the first and second cutting edges are composed of a chip breaker 21, an A machining edge 22, and a B machining edge 23. An inclined groove 3 is provided at the junction of the chip breaker 21 and the B machining edge 23. The elastic metal interlayer 14 is made of copper-nickel alloy and pure silver, with the copper-nickel alloy accounting for 40%-60%. The thickness of the elastic metal interlayer 14 is 0.1-0.3mm. The elastic metal interlayer 14 in the first cutting edge 21 effectively absorbs high-frequency cutting vibration through its high damping characteristics, completely solving the problem of howling when traditional PCD drill bits are used to process composite materials.

[0022] One chip-breaking cutting edge 21 has a first chip-breaking groove 211 on its surface, and the other chip-breaking cutting edge 21 has a second chip-breaking groove 212 on its surface. The outer wall of the cutting head 2 has a cutting edge rounding 5 with an angle of R0.01-0.03mm. The cutting edge rounding 5 is laser passivated to eliminate micro-cracks and increase the bonding strength between PCD grains to more than 3 times that of the original state.

[0023] The design of the first chip breaker groove 211 and the second chip breaker groove 212 can break the symmetrical structure composed of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge, so that the distribution of cutting force changes from periodic impact to continuous gradual load, and greatly reduces the risk of resonance.

[0024] An auxiliary machining edge 12 is formed between the surface of the cutter body 1 and one side of the chip guide groove 11. The design of the auxiliary machining edge 12 enables the cutter head 2 to perform finishing on the hole wall when it penetrates into the workpiece after drilling.

[0025] Furthermore, the front end of the tool holder 6 is provided with a chip discharge groove that is compatible with the chip guide groove 11, and the front end of the tool holder 7 is provided with a chamfer ring that is connected to the rear end of the tool holder 6. The chamfer ring can prevent the right-angle edge from interfering due to space constraints (such as scraping the workpiece surface) because the tool may come into close contact with the workpiece, fixture or machine tool parts during the cutting process.

[0026] Furthermore, a chip removal groove 4 with the same curvature as the chip guide groove 11 is formed between the chip breaking edge 21 and the B machining edge 23. The first chip breaking groove 211, the second chip breaking groove 212, the chip guide groove 11 and the chip removal groove 4 form a spiral groove with the chip removal groove 11. Compared with the traditional straight groove chip removal groove, the spiral groove can form a chip removal channel similar to "turbocharging", which can increase the chip removal speed.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vibration-resistant insert-type PCD twist drill, characterized in that: The tool includes a blade (1), a handle (6), and a holder (7) integrally formed from front to back. The surface of the blade (1) is spirally provided with chip guide grooves (11) from front to back. The front end of the blade (1) is provided with a welding groove (13). Both sides of the welding groove (13) are fixedly installed with elastic metal interlayers (14). A blade head (2) is provided between the two elastic metal interlayers (14). The rear end of the blade head (2) is fixedly installed with a rib (8). The inner wall of the welding groove (13) is provided with a welding plate groove (15) that matches the rib (8). The cutter head (2) is composed of a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge. Both the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are composed of a chip breaking edge (21), an A machining edge (22) and a B machining edge (23). An inclined groove (3) is provided at the junction of the chip breaking edge (21) and the B machining edge (23). One of the chip-breaking blades (21) has a first chip-breaking groove (211) on its surface, and the other chip-breaking blade (21) has a second chip-breaking groove (212) on its surface. The outer side wall of the cutting head (2) has a rounded cutting edge (5).

2. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, An auxiliary machining edge (12) is formed between the surface of the blade (1) and one side of the chip guide groove (11).

3. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle of the rounded edge (5) is R0.01-0.03mm.

4. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the rib (8) is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the height of the rib (8) is 0.5-0.15 mm.

5. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the rib (8) is trapezoidal, the apex angle of the trapezoid of the rib (8) is 70-80°, and the surface roughness of the side wall of the rib (8) is Ra10-12μm.

6. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the rear end of the cutter head (2) are provided with welding surface edge chamfers (81), and the width of the welding surface edge chamfers (81) is 0.04-0.06mm, the angle of the welding surface edge chamfers (81) is 40-50°, and the surface roughness of the welding surface edge chamfers (81) is Ra0.4-0.6μm.

7. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the axis of the weld groove (13) and the axis of the cutter head (2) is 0.8-1.2°.

8. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic metal interlayer (14) is made of copper-nickel alloy and pure silver, and the thickness of the elastic metal interlayer (14) is 0.1-0.3 mm.

9. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, A chip removal groove (4) with the same arc as the chip guide groove (11) is formed between the chip breaking blade (21) and the B machining blade (23).

10. The anti-vibration insert-type PCD twist drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the tool holder (6) is provided with a chip outlet groove that is compatible with the chip guide groove (11), and the front end of the tool holder (7) is provided with a chamfered ring that is connected to the rear end of the tool holder (6).

Images