A multi-axis gear cutting machine

Abstract

This utility model discloses a multi-axis gear cutting machine, which includes a base, a gantry frame, and a worktable. The gantry frame is equipped with a Z-axis moving mechanism, and the Z-axis moving mechanism is equipped with a gear cutting mechanism. The worktable is equipped with a Y-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism is equipped with an X-axis moving mechanism, and the X-axis moving mechanism is equipped with a platform. The Z-axis moving mechanism includes two opposing first slide rails, two opposing first servo motors, and two opposing first lead screw modules. This utility model achieves multi-axis precision linkage movement by setting up X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis moving mechanisms. The workpiece can be accurately positioned in the horizontal plane, while the tool can perform vertical feed and spindle rotation, realizing multi-axis linkage. This allows the multi-axis gear cutting machine to not only complete traditional straight groove machining, but also efficiently and accurately complete grooving operations of complex three-dimensional trajectories such as arc grooves, spiral grooves, and gear tooth grooves, thus improving the processing range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of grooving equipment, specifically to a multi-axis gear cutting machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, grooving (such as keyways, oil grooves, relief grooves, and various irregular grooves) is a fundamental and crucial machining process. Traditional grooving machine tools, such as shapers, special-purpose slotting machines, or simple milling machines, have significant technical limitations. First, these machines are limited in function, typically only capable of grooving fixed patterns of straight lines or simple curves, failing to meet the machining requirements of modern complex parts (such as gears, splines, and helical groove parts) for multi-dimensional, composite trajectory grooves. Second, the installation and replacement of cutting tools (such as planers and saw blades) is cumbersome, relying on manual adjustments, which is not only inefficient but also results in poor positioning accuracy and difficulty in ensuring coaxiality, directly affecting the consistency of groove width and depth, as well as surface quality. Furthermore, traditional grooving machine tools have limited freedom of movement of the worktable and insufficient clamping flexibility, making it difficult to quickly adapt to workpieces of different sizes and shapes, leading to long production preparation times and low overall machining efficiency. Utility Model Content This utility model addresses the shortcomings of current technology by providing a multi-axis gear cutting machine, aiming to solve the technical problems of limited processing functions and slow efficiency in the grooving process of existing grooving machines.

[0003] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve the above objectives is as follows: A multi-axis gear-splitting machine includes a base, a gantry frame and a worktable. The gantry frame is located behind the worktable. The gantry frame has a Z-axis moving mechanism, and the Z-axis moving mechanism has a first slide that moves up and down. The first slide has a gear-splitting mechanism. The worktable has a Y-axis moving mechanism, and the Y-axis moving mechanism has a second slide that is slidably connected to it. The second slide has an X-axis moving mechanism, and the X-axis moving mechanism has a third slide. The third slide has a platform for placing workpieces.

[0004] As a further improvement, the gantry frame includes two opposing columns and a crossbeam. The crossbeam is positioned between the two columns and has two opposing mounting seats. Each mounting seat has a first groove below it. The Z-axis moving mechanism includes two opposing first slide rails, two opposing first servo motors, and two opposing first lead screw modules. The two first slide rails are vertically arranged and fixed to the columns. The first servo motors are respectively mounted and fixed to the mounting seats. The first lead screw modules are respectively connected to the drive ends of the first servo motors. Each first lead screw module has a first lead screw nut seat, and the first lead screw nut seats are fixedly connected to the first slide table.

[0005] As a further improvement, the first slide table is provided with a support and a slide assembly. The support is located at one end of the first slide table, and the slide assembly is located at the other end of the first slide table. The slide assembly includes two opposing and laterally arranged fourth slide rails, a fourth servo motor, a laterally arranged fourth lead screw module, and a fourth slide. The end of the first slide table is provided with a fourth mounting base. The fourth servo motor is fixedly mounted on the fourth mounting base. The drive end of the fourth servo motor is connected to the fourth lead screw module. The fourth lead screw module is provided with a fourth lead screw nut seat. Each of the fourth slide rails is provided with a fourth slider group. The fourth lead screw nut seat and the fourth slider group are both fixedly connected to the fourth slide. The fourth slide is slidably connected along the direction of the fourth slide rails. As a further improvement, the gear-cutting mechanism includes a main shaft assembly, a gear-cutting cutter, and a tailstock assembly. The main shaft assembly is mounted on a support, the tailstock assembly is mounted on the fourth slide, and the gear-cutting cutter is positioned between the main shaft assembly and the tailstock assembly.

[0006] As a further improvement, the spindle assembly includes a spindle motor and a machining spindle. The machining spindle is mounted on a support, and the spindle motor is positioned above the machining spindle. A belt linkage assembly connects the drive end of the spindle motor and the drive end of the machining spindle. A tool chuck is provided on the machining spindle facing the fourth slide. The tailstock assembly includes a tailstock seat with a shaft cover. A bearing is provided between the shaft cover and the tailstock seat, and the shaft cover has a positioning and fixing hole. The gear-cutting tool includes a shaft core and a saw blade assembly. One end of the shaft core has a first connecting seat, which is connected to the tool chuck. A positioning structure is provided between the first connecting seat and the tool chuck. The other end of the shaft core is inserted into the positioning and fixing hole. Spacer rings are provided between the first connecting seat and the shaft core, and between the positioning and fixing hole and the shaft core. The center of the machining spindle, the center of the shaft core, and the center of the tailstock seat are on the same axis.

[0007] As a further improvement, the shaft core is provided with a positioning groove, the positioning groove is straight groove, the saw blade assembly includes multiple saw blades arranged in an array, and a spacer is provided between the saw blades.

[0008] As a further improvement, the Y-axis moving mechanism includes a second servo motor, a second lead screw module, and two opposing second slide rails. The second servo motor is connected to the second lead screw module and is disposed between the two second slide rails. The second lead screw module is provided with a second lead screw nut seat, and each of the second slide rails is provided with a second slider group. The second lead screw nut seat and the second slider group are both fixedly connected to the bottom of the second slide table.

[0009] As a further improvement, the second slide table is provided with a second mounting groove, and the X-axis moving mechanism includes a third servo motor, a third lead screw module and two opposing third slide rails. The third servo motor is connected to the third lead screw module and is disposed in the second mounting groove, and is disposed between the two third slide rails. The third lead screw module is provided with a third lead screw nut seat, and the third slide rail is provided with a third slider group. The third lead screw nut seat and the third slider group are both fixedly connected to the third slide table.

[0010] As a further improvement, the third slide is provided with multiple arrayed convex mounting slots, the platform is fixedly mounted on the third slide, and the platform and the third slide are detachably connected.

[0011] As a further improvement, the platform is provided with a support base, and multiple support reinforcement blocks are provided between the support base and the platform; the platform is provided with multiple arrayed convex-shaped mounting slots.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned one or more technical solutions of the multi-axis gear profiler provided in this utility model embodiment have at least one of the following technical effects: 1. This utility model achieves multi-axis precision linkage movement by setting up X-axis moving mechanism, Y-axis moving mechanism and Z-axis moving mechanism. The workpiece can be accurately positioned in the horizontal plane (X, Y axis), and the tool can perform vertical (Z axis) feed and spindle rotation at the same time, realizing true three-axis or even multi-axis linkage, improving applicability, so that the multi-axis gear cutting machine can not only complete the traditional straight groove processing, but also efficiently and accurately complete the grooving operation of complex three-dimensional trajectories such as arc groove, spiral groove, gear tooth groove, etc., greatly improving the processing range.

[0013] 2. This utility model achieves the clamping of the gear-cutting tool by setting a sliding block assembly to drive the tailstock assembly to move towards the machining spindle. During tool change, the tool can be released by controlling the tailstock assembly to move backward, and it can be precisely clamped by moving forward. In addition, combined with the positioning structure set between the spindle end and the shaft core, it ensures extremely high repeatability and coaxiality after each tool change, thereby improving tool change efficiency and subsequent machining efficiency.

[0014] 3. This utility model uses a Z-axis moving mechanism to drive the gear cutting mechanism to move up and down along the direction of the first slide rail, thereby processing the workpiece. It can process products of different depths, improving processing efficiency. Two first servo motors are used to improve the accuracy and efficiency of Z-axis movement, balance the driving force, ensure stability, and provide backup drive to ensure the normal operation of workpiece processing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-axis gear profiler in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the multi-axis gear profiler in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the gear-splitting mechanism in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] For examples, see the appendix. Figures 1-3 A multi-axis gear-splitting machine 1 includes a base 2, a gantry frame 3 and a worktable 4 on the base 2, the gantry frame 3 being located behind the worktable 4, the gantry frame 3 having a Z-axis moving mechanism 5, the Z-axis moving mechanism 5 having a first slide 50 that moves up and down, the first slide 50 having a gear-splitting mechanism 6; the worktable 4 having a Y-axis moving mechanism 7, the Y-axis moving mechanism 7 having a second slide 70 that is slidably connected, the second slide 70 having an X-axis moving mechanism 8, the X-axis moving mechanism 8 having a third slide 80, the third slide 80 having a platform 9 for placing workpieces.

[0019] The gantry frame 3 includes two opposing columns 30 and a crossbeam 31. The crossbeam 31 is positioned between the two columns 30 and has two opposing mounting seats, each with a first groove below it. The Z-axis moving mechanism 5 includes two opposing first slide rails 51, two opposing first servo motors 52, and two opposing first lead screw modules 53. The two first slide rails 51 are vertically arranged and fixed to the columns 30. The first servo motors 52 are respectively mounted and fixed to the mounting seats, and the first lead screw modules 53 are respectively connected to the first servo motors 50 and 51. The drive end of the 2 is connected, and each of the first lead screw modules 53 is provided with a first lead screw nut seat. The first lead screw nut seat is fixedly connected to the first slide table 50. The first servo motor 52 of the Z-axis moving mechanism 5 drives the first lead screw module 53 to move, thereby driving the gear cutting mechanism 6 to move up and down along the direction of the first slide rail 51, thereby processing the workpiece. It can process products of different depths, improve processing efficiency, and uses two first servo motors 52 to improve the accuracy and efficiency of Z-axis movement, balance the driving force, ensure stability, and provide a backup drive to ensure the normal operation of workpiece processing.

[0020] The first slide table 50 is provided with a support 10 and a slide assembly 11. The support 10 is located at one end of the first slide table 50, and the slide assembly 11 is located at the other end of the first slide table 50. The slide assembly 11 includes two opposing and laterally arranged fourth slide rails 110, a fourth servo motor 111, a laterally arranged fourth lead screw module 112, and a fourth slide block 113. The end of the first slide table 50 is provided with a fourth mounting base 500. The fourth servo motor 111 is fixedly mounted on the fourth mounting base 500, and the drive end of the fourth servo motor 111 is connected to the fourth lead screw module 112. Next, the fourth lead screw module 112 is provided with a fourth lead screw nut seat, and the fourth slide rail 110 is provided with a fourth slider group. The fourth lead screw nut seat and the fourth slider group are fixedly connected to the fourth slide block 113. The fourth slide block 113 is slidably connected along the direction of the fourth slide rail 110. The slide block assembly 11 is used to drive the tail top assembly 62 to move towards the support 10 when the cutting tool 61 is installed, thereby fixing the cutting tool 61 between the support 10 and the slide block assembly 11. When the cutting tool 61 is disassembled, the slide block assembly 11 retracts to release the cutting tool 61, thereby realizing the disassembly of the cutting tool 61. The gear-cutting mechanism 6 includes a spindle assembly 60, a gear-cutting cutter 61, and a tail-end assembly 62. The spindle assembly 60 is mounted on a support 10, the tail-end assembly 62 is mounted on a fourth slide 113, and the gear-cutting cutter 61 is positioned between the spindle assembly 60 and the tail-end assembly 62. The spindle assembly 60 includes a spindle motor 600 and a machining spindle 601. The machining spindle 601 is mounted on the support 10, and the spindle motor 600 is positioned above the machining spindle 601. A belt linkage assembly 602 connects the drive end of the spindle motor 600 and the drive end of the machining spindle 601. The belt linkage assembly 602 includes a synchronous pulley, a belt, and a spindle pulley. The machining spindle 601 is positioned towards the fourth slide 113. The tool chuck 601a is included; the tailstock assembly 62 includes a tailstock seat 620, the tailstock seat 620 is provided with a shaft pressure cover 621, a bearing is provided between the shaft pressure cover 621 and the tailstock seat 620, the shaft pressure cover 621 is provided with a positioning and fixing insertion hole, the tailstock assembly 62 is used to support the shaft core 610, and cooperates with the slide assembly 11 to facilitate the quick replacement of the cutting tool 61 and improve the tool changing efficiency; the cutting tool 61 includes a shaft core 610 and a saw blade assembly 611. One end of the shaft core 610 is provided with a first connecting seat 610a, which is connected to the tool chuck 601a. ​​A positioning structure is provided between the first connecting seat 610a and the tool chuck 601a. ​​The positioning structure includes two positioning slots and two opposing positioning protrusions. The positioning slots are provided on the first connecting seat 610a, and the positioning protrusions are provided on the tool chuck 601a. ​​The other end of the shaft core 610 is inserted into the positioning and fixing hole. Spacer rings are provided between the first connecting seat 610a and the shaft core 610, and between the positioning and fixing hole and the shaft core 610. The spacer rings are used to ensure the stability of the shaft core 610 installation. The center of the machining spindle 601, the center of the shaft core 610, and the center of the tailstock 620 are on the same axis. The spindle motor 600 is used to drive the machining spindle 601 to rotate, thereby driving the gear cutting tool 61 to rotate for gear cutting.

[0021] The shaft core 610 is provided with a positioning groove, which is a straight groove. The saw blade assembly 611 includes multiple saw blades 611a arranged in an array. A shim 611b is provided between the saw blades 611a and the saw blade 611a. The saw blade 611a is provided with a positioning block, which is used to be positioned in the positioning groove 610b to ensure the position of the saw blade 611a and the shaft core 610. The saw blade 611a is used to perform a scraping action on the workpiece to process the tooth grooves and texture grooves of the workpiece. The shim 611b is used to adjust the two saw blades according to the texture requirements, so that different tooth grooves and texture grooves can be processed. One end of the shaft core 610 is also provided with a locking nut, which is used to move the saw blade assembly 611 towards the other end of the shaft core 610 and lock it.

[0022] The Y-axis moving mechanism 7 includes a second servo motor 71, a second lead screw module 72, and two opposing second slide rails 73. The second servo motor 71 is connected to the second lead screw module 72 and is disposed between the two second slide rails 73. The second lead screw module 72 is provided with a second lead screw nut seat. Each of the second slide rails 73 is provided with a second slider group, which includes at least two sliders. The second lead screw nut seat and the second slider group are both fixedly connected to the bottom of the second slide table 70. Both ends of the second lead screw module 72 are provided with bearing mounting seats. The second lead screw module 72 is fixed and disposed on the worktable 4 by the bearing mounting seats. The Y-axis moving mechanism 7 is used to enable the workpiece to reciprocate along the Y-axis direction, realize multi-axis machining, and improve machining efficiency and quality.

[0023] The second slide table 70 is provided with a second mounting groove 700. The X-axis moving mechanism 8 includes a third servo motor 81, a third lead screw module 82, and two opposing third slide rails 83. The third servo motor 81 is connected to the third lead screw module 82 and is disposed in the second mounting groove 700, and is disposed between the two third slide rails 83. The third lead screw module 82 is provided with a third lead screw nut seat, and the third slide rails 83 are provided with a third slider group. The third slider group includes at least two sliders. The third lead screw nut seat and the third slider group are both fixedly connected to the third slide table 80. Two second fixing blocks are provided in the second mounting groove 700. Each of the second fixing blocks is provided with a second bearing. The two ends of the third lead screw module 82 are respectively disposed in the second bearings. The X-axis moving mechanism 8 is used to drive the platform 9 to perform reciprocating motion in the X-axis direction, thereby driving the workpiece to move in the X-axis direction, realizing multi-axis machining, and improving machining efficiency and quality.

[0024] The third slide 80 is provided with multiple arrayed U-shaped mounting grooves 800. The platform 9 is fixedly mounted on the third slide 80. The platform 9 and the third slide 80 are detachably connected. The detachable connection preferably has a threaded connection structure, which includes multiple bolts and multiple nuts. The bolts are fixed on the third slide 80 through the U-shaped mounting grooves 800. The support base 90 is provided with multiple through holes. The bolts are inserted into the through holes, and then the nuts are connected to the bolts to fix the platform 9 on the third slide 80.

[0025] The platform 9 is provided with a support base 90, and multiple support reinforcing blocks are provided between the support base 90 and the platform 9. The support reinforcing blocks are preferably triangular in structure. The platform 9 is provided with multiple arrayed U-shaped mounting grooves 91. The U-shaped mounting grooves 91 are used for inserting bolt nuts to install fixtures or fix workpieces. The worktable 4 is also provided with a guide slope with a chip discharge port. The guide slope is used to guide and discharge the cutting fluid.

[0026] This invention achieves multi-axis precision linkage by setting up X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis moving mechanisms. The workpiece can be precisely positioned in the horizontal plane (X and Y axes), while the tool can perform vertical (Z-axis) feed and spindle rotation, realizing true three-axis or even multi-axis linkage, improving applicability. This allows the multi-axis gear cutting machine to not only complete traditional straight groove machining, but also efficiently and accurately complete grooving operations on complex three-dimensional trajectories such as arc grooves, spiral grooves, and gear tooth grooves, greatly expanding the machining range. This invention uses a sliding block assembly to drive the tailstock assembly to move towards the machining spindle to clamp the gear cutting tool. During tool changing, the tool is released by controlling the tailstock assembly to retract, and it is precisely clamped by moving it forward. Combined with the positioning structure between the spindle end and the shaft core, it ensures extremely high repeatability and coaxiality after each tool change, improving tool changing efficiency and subsequent machining efficiency. This utility model uses a Z-axis moving mechanism to drive the gear-cutting mechanism to move up and down along the direction of the first slide rail, thereby processing the workpiece. It can process products of different depths, improving processing efficiency. Two first servo motors are used to improve the accuracy and efficiency of Z-axis movement, balance the driving force, ensure stability, and provide backup drive to ensure the normal operation of workpiece processing.

[0027] This utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Other multi-axis gear profilers obtained by using the same or similar structures or devices as the above-described embodiments of this utility model are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-axis gear-splitting machine, characterized in that: The system includes a base, a gantry frame, and a worktable. The gantry frame is located behind the worktable and has a Z-axis moving mechanism. The Z-axis moving mechanism has a first slide that moves up and down and has a gear-cutting mechanism. The worktable has a Y-axis moving mechanism and a second slide that is slidably connected to it. The second slide has an X-axis moving mechanism and a third slide. The third slide has a platform for placing workpieces.

2. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry frame includes two opposing columns and a crossbeam. The crossbeam is positioned between the two columns and has two opposing mounting seats. Each mounting seat has a first groove below it. The Z-axis moving mechanism includes two opposing first slide rails, two opposing first servo motors, and two opposing first lead screw modules. The two first slide rails are vertically arranged and fixed on the column. The first servo motors are respectively arranged and fixed on the mounting base. The first lead screw modules are respectively connected to the drive end of the first servo motors. Each first lead screw module is provided with a first lead screw nut seat, and the first lead screw nut seat is fixedly connected to the first slide table.

3. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first slide table is provided with a support and a slide assembly. The support is located at one end of the first slide table, and the slide assembly is located at the other end of the first slide table. The slide assembly includes two opposing and laterally arranged fourth slide rails, a fourth servo motor, a laterally arranged fourth lead screw module, and a fourth slide. The end of the first slide table is provided with a fourth mounting base. The fourth servo motor is fixedly mounted on the fourth mounting base. The drive end of the fourth servo motor is connected to the fourth lead screw module. The fourth lead screw module is provided with a fourth lead screw nut seat. Each of the fourth slide rails is provided with a fourth slider group. The fourth lead screw nut seat and the fourth slider group are both fixedly connected to the fourth slide. The fourth slide is slidably connected along the direction of the fourth slide rails.

4. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear-cutting mechanism includes a main spindle assembly, a gear-cutting cutter, and a tailstock assembly. The main spindle assembly is mounted on a support, the tailstock assembly is mounted on a fourth slide, and the gear-cutting cutter is positioned between the main spindle assembly and the tailstock assembly.

5. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spindle assembly includes a spindle motor and a machining spindle. The machining spindle is mounted on a support, and the spindle motor is positioned above the machining spindle. A belt linkage assembly connects the drive end of the spindle motor and the drive end of the machining spindle. A tool chuck is provided on the machining spindle facing the fourth slide. The tail top assembly includes a tail top seat, the tail top seat is provided with a shaft pressure cover, a bearing is provided between the shaft pressure cover and the tail top seat, and the shaft pressure cover is provided with a positioning and fixing hole; The gear-cutting tool includes a shaft and a saw blade assembly. One end of the shaft is provided with a first connecting seat, which is connected to the tool chuck. A positioning structure is provided between the first connecting seat and the tool chuck. The other end of the shaft is inserted into the positioning and fixing hole. Spacer rings are provided between the first connecting seat and the shaft, and between the positioning and fixing hole and the shaft. The center of the machining spindle, the center of the spindle core, and the center of the tailstock are on the same axis.

6. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shaft core is provided with a positioning groove, which is a straight groove. The saw blade assembly includes multiple saw blades arranged in an array, and a spacer is provided between the saw blades.

7. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Y-axis moving mechanism includes a second servo motor, a second lead screw module, and two opposing second slide rails. The second servo motor is connected to the second lead screw module and is disposed between the two second slide rails. The second lead screw module is provided with a second lead screw nut seat. Each of the second slide rails is provided with a second slider group. The second lead screw nut seat and the second slider group are both fixedly connected to the bottom of the second slide table.

8. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second slide table is provided with a second mounting groove. The X-axis moving mechanism includes a third servo motor, a third lead screw module, and two opposing third slide rails. The third servo motor is connected to the third lead screw module and is disposed in the second mounting groove, and is disposed between the two third slide rails. The third lead screw module is provided with a third lead screw nut seat, and the third slide rail is provided with a third slider group. The third lead screw nut seat and the third slider group are both fixedly connected to the third slide table.

9. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third slide is provided with multiple arrayed convex mounting slots, and the platform is fixedly mounted on the third slide. The platform and the third slide are detachably connected.

10. The multi-axis gear profiler according to claim 9, characterized in that: The platform is provided with a support base, and multiple support reinforcement blocks are provided between the support base and the platform; the platform is provided with multiple arrayed convex-shaped mounting slots.

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