A three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure and laser processing equipment

Abstract

This invention provides a three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure and laser processing equipment, belonging to the field of laser processing technology. It includes a collimation body, a collimation center adjustment cylinder, a radial adjustment assembly, and an axial adjustment assembly. The collimation body has a light transmission channel along the optical axis. The collimation center adjustment cylinder is coaxially disposed within the light transmission channel, and a focusing collimating lens barrel is slidably disposed within the collimation center adjustment cylinder, containing a collimating lens. The radial adjustment assembly includes a lever, an adjusting screw, and a spring-loaded reset component, used to drive the collimation center adjustment cylinder to adjust radially within the collimation body. The axial adjustment assembly is used to drive the focusing collimating lens barrel to adjust axially within the collimation center adjustment cylinder. This invention solves the technical problem of insufficient adaptability and practicality caused by structural limitations in existing adjustable collimation structures in laser processing equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure and laser processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, aerospace, and rail transportation, higher demands are being placed on the welding quality and efficiency of materials such as high-strength steel and aluminum alloys. Laser welding technology, due to its advantages such as high energy density, small heat-affected zone, and good processing flexibility, has been widely used in these fields. In a laser processing head, the collimation structure is used to shape the diverging beam emitted from the laser into a parallel beam. Its collimation effect directly determines the size, energy distribution, and shape of the subsequent focused spot, thus affecting the processing quality and accuracy. It is a key optical component in laser processing equipment.

[0003] The performance of a collimating lens is mainly affected by two factors: first, axial distance deviation between the collimating lens and the laser's output point will cause the emitted beam to be non-parallel, affecting the quality of the focused spot; second, coaxiality deviation between the collimating lens's optical axis and the system's optical axis will cause uneven energy distribution and shape distortion of the spot. Therefore, existing collimating structures typically incorporate adjustment functions. Axial adjustment is used to correct the matching error between the lens focal length and the output point position, while radial adjustment is used to calibrate the optical axis coaxiality, achieved through structures such as threaded displacement or eccentric adjustment, respectively.

[0004] However, most existing collimator adjustment structures are single-function, only capable of axial or radial adjustment. When three-dimensional adjustment is required, it is often compensated indirectly by adjusting external components such as fiber optic connectors. This adjustment process is complex, and the degrees of freedom are coupled with each other, weakening the overall structural rigidity. If a three-dimensional adjustment frame is directly used to install the collimator, it generally suffers from problems such as complex structure, large size, and poor sealing. It is only suitable for optical laboratory environments and is difficult to integrate into laser processing heads and adapt to industrial field conditions, resulting in significant deficiencies in practicality and adaptability. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure and a laser processing device, which solves the technical problem of insufficient adaptability and practicality caused by the structural limitations of existing adjustable collimation structures in laser processing equipment. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure, comprising:

[0007] A collimating body having a light transmission channel along the optical axis;

[0008] A collimation center adjustment cylinder is coaxially disposed within the light transmission channel. A focusing collimation lens cylinder is slidably disposed within the collimation center adjustment cylinder. A collimation lens is disposed within the focusing collimation lens cylinder. An adjustment hole is radially opened on the side wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder. The side wall and both ends in the axial direction of the collimation center adjustment cylinder are spaced apart from the inner wall of the light transmission channel.

[0009] A radial adjustment assembly includes a paddle, an adjusting screw, and a resilient reset member. The paddle is rotatably disposed inside the collimating body with its rotation axis parallel to the optical axis. The free end of the paddle abuts against the outer wall of the collimating center adjusting cylinder. The adjusting screw is rotatably disposed horizontally through the collimating body, with one end located inside the light transmission channel abutting against the paddle. Two sets of paddles and adjusting screws are correspondingly arranged and symmetrically relative to the collimating center adjusting cylinder. The resilient reset member is connected between the collimating center adjusting cylinder and the inner wall of the collimating body.

[0010] An axial adjustment assembly includes a slider, a drive mechanism, and a transmission rod. The slider is slidably disposed within the light transmission channel along the optical axis. The drive mechanism is disposed on the collimating body and is connected to the slider in a transmission manner. The slider is provided with a waist-shaped hole arranged in the horizontal direction. The transmission rod is arranged radially along the collimating center adjustment cylinder, with one end slidably installed in the waist-shaped hole and the other end passing through the adjustment hole and fixedly connected to the focusing and collimating lens barrel.

[0011] Optionally, the elastic reset element is a tension spring, which surrounds the outer wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder and its two ends are detachably connected to the inner wall of the collimation body.

[0012] Optionally, a tension spring limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the collimation center adjusting cylinder, which is recessed radially inward, and the tension spring surrounding the outer wall of the collimation center adjusting cylinder is movably embedded in the tension spring limiting groove.

[0013] Optionally, multiple tension springs are provided and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the collimation center adjusting cylinder.

[0014] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a double-ended stud and an adjusting cover plate detachably connected to the collimating body. The inner side of the adjusting cover plate is provided with a sliding groove arranged along the optical axis. The slider is slidably installed in the sliding groove. The double-ended stud is rotatably inserted into the adjusting cover plate along the optical axis. One end of the double-ended stud is threadedly connected to the slider, and the other end of the double-ended stud is located in an adjusting screw hole opened on the adjusting cover plate that communicates with the outside.

[0015] Optionally, both ends of the collimation center adjustment tube and the focusing collimation lens tube are provided with shaft plugs.

[0016] Optionally, the collimating body includes multiple connecting segments, which are positioned by pins and fixedly connected by screws.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes a protective mirror drawer, which is detachably inserted into the collimating body along the radial direction of the collimating center adjustment cylinder and located in front of the incident face of the collimating mirror, and the protective mirror drawer is provided with a protective mirror covering the light transmission channel.

[0018] Optionally, the adjusting screw is a ball screw and abuts against the lever via an end having a steel post.

[0019] Secondly, this utility model provides a laser processing device, including the three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure described in the first aspect, and also including an emission light source, wherein the emission light source is detachably connected to the incident end of the collimation body.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model embodiment include at least the following:

[0021] By integrating the radial and axial adjustment components within the collimating body and decoupling the axial and radial adjustments through the engagement of the waist-shaped hole and the transmission rod, the collimating lens can be independently adjusted in three dimensions along the optical axis and in two dimensions perpendicular to the optical axis, without interference. The overall structure is compact and spatially adaptable, without affecting the rigid connection between the collimating body and upstream and downstream components. It is suitable for the collimation adjustment needs of laser processing heads with complex optical paths, such as composite welding and annular spot welding. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collimation body provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the collimation center adjusting cylinder and the radial adjusting assembly provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slider provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser processing equipment provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 1-Collimation body; 1a-Connecting section; 2-Collimation center adjustment cylinder; 21-Focusing and collimating lens barrel; 22-Collimating lens; 23-Adjustment hole; 24-Tension spring limiting groove; 3-Radial adjustment assembly; 31-Paddle; 32-Adjustment screw; 33-Elastic reset component; 4-Axial adjustment assembly; 41-Slider; 411-Oval hole; 42-Drive mechanism; 421-Double-ended stud; 422-Adjustment cover plate; 423-Slide groove; 424-Adjustment screw hole; 43-Transmission rod; 5-Shaft plug seal; 5a-First shaft plug seal; 5b-Second shaft plug seal; 6-Protective lens drawer; 61-Protective lens; 7-Emitting light source. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure, including a collimation body 1, a collimation center adjustment cylinder 2, a radial adjustment component 3, and an axial adjustment component 4.

[0035] Specifically, the collimating body 1 is the main load-bearing component of the entire collimating structure, and it has a light-transmitting channel running along the optical axis. This light-transmitting channel accommodates the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2 and its internal optical components, while also providing a transmission path for the laser beam. The structural design of the collimating body 1 allows for rigid connection with the upstream and downstream optical components of the laser processing head, ensuring that the overall structural rigidity of the processing head is not weakened by the introduction of the collimating adjustment structure. In this embodiment, the collimating body 1 is a split structure, with each connecting segment precisely positioned using positioning circular bosses and countersunk holes, and rigidly connected by pin positioning and screw fixing, ensuring coaxiality and positioning accuracy between the connecting segments.

[0036] The collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 is coaxially disposed within the light transmission channel. The sidewalls and both axial ends of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 are spaced apart from the inner wall of the light transmission channel, meaning there are gaps in both the radial and axial directions between the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the light transmission channel. These gaps provide space for the radial movement of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 within the light transmission channel. A focusing collimating lens cylinder 21 is slidably disposed within the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2, and a collimating lens 22 is disposed within the focusing collimating lens cylinder 21. The collimating lens 22 is used to shape the diverging beam emitted from the laser into a parallel beam. It is fixed within the focusing collimating lens cylinder 21 by an elastic retaining ring, ensuring the stable positioning of the collimating lens 22 within the focusing collimating lens cylinder 21. The focusing collimating lens cylinder 21 can slide axially along the optical axis within the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2, thereby changing the axial distance between the collimating lens 22 and the laser emission point, achieving collimation and focusing. An adjustment hole 23 is provided radially on the side wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2. The adjustment hole 23 allows the transmission rod 43 in the axial adjustment assembly 4 to pass through, so as to drive the focusing and collimating lens barrel 21 to move axially from outside the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2.

[0037] The radial adjustment assembly 3 is used to drive the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 to adjust radially within the collimation body 1, thereby calibrating the coaxiality of the optical axis of the collimating lens 22 with the system optical axis and eliminating uneven energy distribution and shape distortion of the light spot caused by assembly errors. The radial adjustment assembly 3 includes a lever 31, an adjustment screw 32, and an elastic reset member 33.

[0038] The lever 31 is rotatably disposed inside the collimating body 1, and its axis of rotation is parallel to the optical axis. Specifically, the lever 31 is hinged to the inner wall of the collimating body 1 via a pin, and can swing around the pin in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. The free end of the lever 31 abuts against the outer wall of the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2. When the lever 31 rotates around the pin, its free end pushes the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2 to move radially. Corresponding to the arrangement of the lever 31, the adjusting screw 32 is rotatably disposed horizontally through the collimating body 1, and one end located inside the light transmission channel abuts against the corresponding lever 31. By rotating the adjusting screw 32, its length extending into the light transmission channel can be changed, thereby pushing the lever 31 to rotate around the pin, and thus driving the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2 to perform radial displacement.

[0039] Two sets of levers 31 and adjusting screws 32 are provided and arranged symmetrically with respect to the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2. The two sets of levers 31 and adjusting screws 32 apply radial thrust to the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 from both sides. By adjusting the adjusting screws 32 on both sides respectively, the amount and direction of displacement of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 in the radial direction can be precisely controlled, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the center position of the collimation mirror 22.

[0040] The elastic reset member 33 is connected between the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the collimation body 1. The function of the elastic reset member 33 is as follows: when the lever 31 pushes the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 to move in a certain radial direction, the elastic reset member 33 is stretched and stores energy; when reverse adjustment is required, the lever 31 performs reverse angle adjustment, and the elastic reset member 33 uses its elastic contraction force to push the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 to reset or move in the opposite direction, thereby ensuring the continuity and reversibility of the movement of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 during the radial adjustment process.

[0041] The axial adjustment assembly 4 is used to drive the focusing and collimating lens tube 21 to perform axial adjustment within the collimation center adjustment tube 2, thereby correcting the matching error between the focal length of the collimating lens 22 and the position of the laser emission point, and ensuring the parallelism of the emitted beam. The axial adjustment assembly 4 includes a slider 41, a drive mechanism 42, and a transmission rod 43.

[0042] The slider 41 is slidably disposed within the light transmission channel along the optical axis. The slider 41 has a horizontally arranged oblong hole 411. The transmission rod 43 is arranged radially along the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2, with one end slidably mounted within the oblong hole 411, and the other end passing through an adjustment hole 23 on the side wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 and fixedly connected to the focusing and collimating lens barrel 21. Specifically, one end of the transmission rod 43 is threaded and fixedly connected to the focusing and collimating lens barrel 21 via the thread; the other end of the transmission rod 43 is inserted into the oblong hole 411 inside the slider 41.

[0043] The oblong hole 411 is an elongated hole extending horizontally. Its radial dimension along the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the transmission rod 43, allowing the transmission rod 43 to move radially within the oblong hole 411. The technical significance of this design is that when the radial adjustment assembly 3 drives the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 to move radially, the transmission rod 43 moves radially along with the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2. At this time, the transmission rod 43 slides radially within the oblong hole 411, and the oblong hole 411 does not obstruct the radial movement of the transmission rod 43. Simultaneously, the oblong hole 411 restricts the position of the transmission rod 43 in the axial direction, ensuring that the axial movement of the slider 41 can be accurately transmitted to the focusing and collimating lens barrel 21 via the transmission rod 43. Therefore, the cooperation between the oblong hole 411 and the transmission rod 43 achieves decoupling of axial and radial adjustment movements, allowing the adjustments in the two directions to proceed independently without interference.

[0044] The drive mechanism 42 is mounted on the collimating body 1 and is connected to the slider 41 for transmission. It is used to drive the slider 41 to make precise axial displacement along the optical axis. When the drive mechanism 42 drives the slider 41 to move axially, the slider 41, through the cooperation of the waist-shaped hole 411 and the transmission rod 43, drives the transmission rod 43 to move axially. The transmission rod 43 then drives the focusing and collimating lens barrel 21 to slide axially within the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2, thereby achieving collimation and focusing.

[0045] The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure provided in this embodiment integrates the radial adjustment component 3 and the axial adjustment component 4 inside the collimation body 1. The movement decoupling of axial and radial adjustments is achieved through the cooperation of the waist-shaped hole 411 and the transmission rod 43. This allows the collimating lens 22 to be independently adjusted in the axial direction along the optical axis and in the two-dimensional radial direction perpendicular to the optical axis without interference. The overall structure is compact, has good spatial adaptability, and does not affect the rigid connection between the collimation body 1 and the upstream and downstream components. It is suitable for the collimation adjustment needs of complex optical path laser processing heads such as composite welding and annular spot welding.

[0046] Optionally, the elastic reset element 33 is a tension spring. The tension spring surrounds the outer wall of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2, and both ends of the tension spring are detachably connected to the inner wall of the collimation body 1. In this embodiment, hooks are provided at both ends of the tension spring, which are hooked onto pins provided on the inner wall of the collimation body 1 to achieve a detachable connection between the tension spring and the inner wall of the collimation body 1.

[0047] The design of the tension spring surrounding the outer wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 allows the tension spring to apply centripetal constraint force to the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 from multiple directions. When the lever 31 in the radial adjustment assembly 3 pushes the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 to move radially, the tension spring is stretched under the push of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2, accumulating elastic potential energy. When reverse adjustment or release of adjustment force is required, the tension spring uses its elastic contraction force to push the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 back to its original position, ensuring the reversibility and continuity of the radial adjustment process. Because the tension spring surrounds the outer wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2, its constraint force on the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 is evenly distributed, which is beneficial to the smoothness of the movement of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 during the radial adjustment process.

[0048] Using a tension spring as the elastic reset component 33 has the advantages of simple structure, stable elastic restoring force, and long service life compared to other elastic elements such as spring sheets and rubber pads. Moreover, the surrounding arrangement makes full use of the annular gap space between the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 and the light transmission channel, without increasing the radial dimension of the structure, which is conducive to the compact design of the overall structure.

[0049] Optionally, a tension spring limiting groove 24 that is radially recessed inward is provided on the outer wall of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2. The tension spring surrounding the outer wall of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 is movably embedded in the tension spring limiting groove 24.

[0050] The spring limiting groove 24 ensures that the spring has a defined axial mounting position on the outer wall of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2, preventing the spring from shifting or falling off axially during the radial movement of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2. Simultaneously, the radially inward recessed design of the spring limiting groove 24 allows the spring to be partially embedded within the outer wall of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2, reducing the space occupied by the spring in the radial direction. This facilitates gap control between the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 and the light transmission channel, further enhancing the structural compactness. Furthermore, the spring is movably embedded within the spring limiting groove 24, without affecting its elastic extension and contraction function or the radial freedom of movement of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2.

[0051] Optionally, multiple tension springs are provided and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2.

[0052] Multiple tension springs are arranged at intervals along the axial direction, ensuring that the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 is subjected to uniform radial constraint force at multiple positions in the axial direction. This prevents tilting or swaying of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 during radial movement caused by a single tension spring constraining only one position, thus improving the smoothness and positioning accuracy of the radial adjustment movement of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2. Simultaneously, the multiple tension springs share the elastic restoring force, reducing the load on a single tension spring, extending its service life, and improving the reliability of the radial adjustment assembly 3. Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, two tension springs are provided, respectively located on the outer walls near the top and bottom of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2.

[0053] Optionally, the drive mechanism 42 includes a double-ended stud 421 and an adjusting cover plate 422 detachably connected to the collimating body 1. The inner side of the adjusting cover plate 422 is provided with a groove 423 arranged along the optical axis, and the slider 41 is slidably mounted in the groove 423. The groove 423 provides guiding constraint for the slider 41 along the optical axis, ensuring that the movement direction of the slider 41 is consistent with the optical axis direction and preventing the slider 41 from deflecting during the drive process.

[0054] A double-ended stud 421 is rotatably inserted into the adjusting cover plate 422 along the optical axis. One end of the double-ended stud 421 is threadedly connected to the slider 41. By rotating the double-ended stud 421, the rotational motion of the double-ended stud 421 is converted into linear motion of the slider 41 along the optical axis through thread transmission, thereby precisely controlling the axial displacement of the slider 41. The other end of the double-ended stud 421 is located in an adjusting screw hole 424 on the adjusting cover plate 422 that communicates with the outside. The operator can use a tool to rotate the double-ended stud 421 through the adjusting screw hole 424 to achieve precise control of alignment and focusing from outside the collimation structure.

[0055] The adjusting cover plate 422 is detachably connected to the collimating body 1, facilitating the installation, maintenance, and replacement of the axial adjustment assembly 4. In this embodiment, the adjusting cover plate 422 is fixed to the side of the collimating body 1 by screws.

[0056] Furthermore, the double-ended stud 421 can also be connected to a motor to integrate electronic control adjustment, thereby realizing the automation and remote control of collimation and focusing, which is suitable for automated processing scenarios.

[0057] The screw drive system, employing a double-ended stud 421 and a slider 41, offers advantages such as high transmission accuracy, good self-locking, and stable and reliable adjustment. The self-locking characteristic of the screw drive ensures the focusing position is maintained after adjustment, eliminating the need for an additional locking mechanism and simplifying the structural design. The cooperation between the groove 423 and the slider 41 provides precise guiding constraints for the transmission process, ensuring the linearity of the focusing motion. The adjustment screw hole 424 allows operators to perform focusing operations directly from outside the collimation structure, making operation convenient and flexible.

[0058] Optionally, both ends of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 and the focusing collimation lens tube 21 are provided with axial plugs 5. These include a first axial plug 5a installed on the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 and a second axial plug 5b installed on the focusing collimation lens tube 21.

[0059] The axial plug seal 5 is a sealing component made of PTFE material, characterized by low friction coefficient, chemical corrosion resistance, and excellent sealing performance. On the mating surfaces of the focusing and collimating lens tube 21 and the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2, the axial plug seal 5 is installed in the sealing grooves at both axial ends of the focusing and collimating lens tube 21. While ensuring that the focusing and collimating lens tube 21 can slide axially within the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2, it prevents external dust, oil, and other contaminants from entering the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2 and contaminating the collimating lens 22, ensuring that the optical performance of the collimating lens 22 is not affected by the environment.

[0060] Similarly, on the mating surface between the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the light transmission channel, the shaft plug seal 5 is installed in the sealing groove at both ends of the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2. While ensuring that the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 can slide radially in the light transmission channel, the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 and the light transmission channel are sealed to prevent external contaminants from entering the interior of the light transmission channel.

[0061] In addition, a PTFE gasket is used to seal between the slider 41 and the collimating body 1. The PTFE gasket has a low coefficient of friction, which does not affect the axial sliding of the slider 41, and at the same time plays a sealing role.

[0062] Through the multi-seal design of the aforementioned shaft-mounted plug seal 5 and PTFE gasket, the collimation structure is completely sealed, preventing the collimating lens 22 from being contaminated by the external environment. This ensures the long-term stable use of the collimation structure in harsh environments such as industrial processing sites, overcoming the shortcomings of existing three-dimensional adjustment frames that lack sealing and are only suitable for optical laboratory environments.

[0063] Optionally, the collimating body 1 includes multiple connecting segments 1a, which are positioned by pins and fixedly connected by screws.

[0064] The collimation body 1 adopts a split design, including two or more connecting sections 1a. Each connecting section 1a is precisely positioned using a locating circular boss and countersunk holes to ensure coaxiality after assembly; radial positioning accuracy is ensured by pin positioning; and rigid connection between the connecting sections 1a is achieved by screw fixing. This split design facilitates the installation and disassembly of internal components such as the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2, radial adjustment assembly 3, and axial adjustment assembly 4, reducing assembly difficulty and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the rigid connection between the connecting sections 1a via pin positioning and screw fixing ensures the overall rigidity and positioning accuracy of the collimation body 1, without affecting the connection rigidity between the collimation body 1 and the upstream and downstream laser processing head assemblies.

[0065] Optionally, this embodiment adds a protective mirror drawer 6. Specifically, the protective mirror drawer 6 is detachably inserted into the collimating body 1 along the radial direction of the collimating center adjusting cylinder 2, and is located in front of the incident light front of the collimating mirror 22. A protective mirror 61 covering the light transmission channel is provided on the protective mirror drawer 6.

[0066] A protective mirror 61 is positioned on the front side of the collimating mirror 22 to shield and block spatter, dust, and other contaminants generated during laser processing, preventing them from reaching the surface of the collimating mirror 22 and causing damage or contamination, thus extending the service life of the collimating mirror 22. The protective mirror drawer 6 is installed on the collimating body 1 using a radially detachable insertion method. When the protective mirror 61 is contaminated or damaged, the operator can directly pull out the protective mirror drawer 6 from the side of the collimating body 1 for replacement without disassembling other components of the collimating structure. This convenient and quick operation significantly reduces maintenance downtime and improves production efficiency.

[0067] Optionally, the adjusting screw 32 is a ball screw and abuts against the lever 31 through its end with a steel post.

[0068] A ball screw is a positioning screw with an internal spring and a steel ball post. In this embodiment, the end of the steel ball post abuts against the lever 31. When the ball screw is rotated, the steel ball extends or retracts, pushing the lever 31 to rotate around the pin, thereby driving the collimation center adjusting cylinder 2 for radial adjustment. The spring inside the ball screw provides preload to the steel ball, ensuring that the steel ball and the lever 31 remain in contact, preventing gaps from forming between the lever 31 and the adjusting screw 32 due to vibration or impact, which would affect the accuracy and stability of radial adjustment. Using a ball screw as the adjusting screw 32 offers advantages such as sensitive adjustment, reliable positioning, and good vibration resistance, making it suitable for vibration environments in industrial processing sites.

[0069] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, this utility model embodiment also provides a laser processing device, including as follows: Figures 1 to 7The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure shown also includes a light source 7. The light source 7 is detachably connected to the incident end of the collimation body 1.

[0070] The emitting light source 7 is a laser, used to generate and emit a laser beam. The divergent beam emitted by the laser enters the light transmission channel of the collimating body 1 along the optical axis, and is transformed into a parallel beam after being shaped by the collimating lens 22. The emitting light source 7 and the collimating body 1 are detachably connected, which facilitates the adaptation and replacement of lasers with different powers or types.

[0071] In this embodiment, when the laser processing equipment is applied to composite welding scenarios such as dual-fiber laser composite welding or ring-spot laser processing, the radial position of the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 can be adjusted using the radial adjustment component 3 to calibrate the coaxiality between the optical axis of the collimating lens 22 and the system optical axis, eliminating uneven energy distribution and shape distortion of the spot. The axial position of the focusing collimating lens cylinder 21 within the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 can be adjusted using the axial adjustment component 4 to correct the distance deviation between the collimating lens 22 and the laser emission point, ensuring the parallelism of the emitted beam and the spot quality. The adjustments in the two directions are independent and do not interfere with each other, making operation convenient and flexible. The overall structure has good sealing performance and can meet the requirements of industrial processing sites.

[0072] The working principle of the three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0073] Radial adjustment process: When radial adjustment is needed to align the center position of the collimating lens 22, the operator rotates the adjusting screw 32. The adjusting screw 32 extends into the light transmission channel, pushing the lever 31 to rotate around the pin. The free end of the lever 31 pushes the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2 to move radially. Since there are two sets of levers 31 and adjusting screws 32 symmetrically arranged, the operator can adjust the adjusting screws 32 on both sides respectively to achieve precise displacement of the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2 in any direction within the radial plane. During the radial adjustment process, the elastic reset element 33 is stretched and stores energy, providing a reset force for reverse adjustment. At the same time, the transmission rod 43 in the axial adjustment assembly 4 slides radially within the waist-shaped hole 411, without affecting the normal operation of the axial adjustment assembly 4, achieving non-interference between radial and axial adjustments. The radial movement stroke of the collimating center adjustment cylinder 2 is limited by the gap between the outer diameter of the focusing collimating lens tube 21 and the inner wall of the collimating body 1. The extension dimension of the waist-shaped hole 411 is slightly larger than this limiting stroke, thus avoiding the radial movement of the transmission rod 43. Typically, a radial adjustment stroke of about 2 mm is sufficient to meet the calibration requirements for the center position of the collimator 22.

[0074] Axial adjustment process: When focusing is required on the axial position of the collimating lens 22, the operator rotates the double-ended stud 421 through the adjusting screw hole 424. The double-ended stud 421 drives the slider 41 to move along the optical axis within the slide groove 423 via threaded transmission, i.e., it moves up and down axially. The slider 41, through the cooperation of the waist-shaped hole 411 and the transmission rod 43, drives the transmission rod 43 to move axially. The transmission rod 43 then drives the focusing collimating lens tube 21 to slide axially within the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2, changing the distance between the collimating lens 22 and the laser emission point, thus achieving collimation and focusing. During the axial adjustment process, the collimation center adjustment cylinder 2 remains stationary in the radial direction, and the axial adjustment does not affect the result of the radial adjustment.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" encompass or are identical to the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including," but do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0076] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure, characterized in that, include: Collimation body (1), the collimation body (1) has a light transmission channel along the optical axis; A collimation center adjustment cylinder (2) is coaxially disposed within the light transmission channel. A focusing collimation lens cylinder (21) is slidably disposed within the collimation center adjustment cylinder (2). A collimation lens (22) is disposed within the focusing collimation lens cylinder (21). An adjustment hole (23) is radially opened on the side wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder (2). The side wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder (2) and both ends in the axial direction are spaced apart from the inner wall of the light transmission channel. The radial adjustment assembly (3) includes a paddle (31), an adjusting screw (32), and an elastic reset member (33). The paddle (31) is rotatably disposed inside the collimating body (1) and its rotation axis is parallel to the optical axis. The free end of the paddle (31) abuts against the outer wall of the collimating center adjustment cylinder (2). The adjusting screw (32) is rotatably disposed in the collimating body (1) along the horizontal direction and its end located inside the light transmission channel abuts against the paddle (31). The paddle (31) and the adjusting screw (32) are provided in two sets and are symmetrically arranged relative to the collimating center adjustment cylinder (2). The elastic reset member (33) is connected between the collimating center adjustment cylinder (2) and the inner wall of the collimating body (1). The axial adjustment assembly (4) includes a slider (41), a drive mechanism (42), and a transmission rod (43). The slider (41) is slidably disposed in the light transmission channel along the optical axis. The drive mechanism (42) is disposed on the collimating body (1) and is connected to the slider (41) in a transmission manner. The slider (41) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (411) arranged in the horizontal direction. The transmission rod (43) is arranged radially along the collimating center adjustment cylinder (2). One end is slidably installed in the waist-shaped hole (411), and the other end passes through the adjustment hole (23) and is fixedly connected to the focusing collimating lens barrel (21).

2. The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic reset component (33) is a tension spring, which surrounds the outer wall of the collimation center adjustment cylinder (2) and its two ends are detachably connected to the inner wall of the collimation body (1).

3. The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collimation center adjusting cylinder (2) has a radially recessed tension spring limiting groove (24) on its outer wall, and the tension spring surrounding the outer wall of the collimation center adjusting cylinder (2) is movably embedded in the tension spring limiting groove (24).

4. The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple tension springs are provided and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the collimation center adjusting cylinder (2).

5. The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (42) includes a double-ended stud (421) and an adjustment cover plate (422) detachably connected to the collimating body (1). The inner side of the adjustment cover plate (422) is provided with a slide groove (423) arranged along the optical axis. The slider (41) is slidably installed in the slide groove (423). The double-ended stud (421) is rotatably inserted into the adjustment cover plate (422) along the optical axis. One end of the double-ended stud (421) is threadedly connected to the slider (41), and the other end of the double-ended stud (421) is located in the adjustment screw hole (424) opened on the adjustment cover plate (422) and communicates with the outside.

6. The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Both the collimation center adjustment cylinder (2) and the focusing collimation lens cylinder (21) are provided with shaft plugs (5) at both ends in the axial direction.

7. The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The collimation body (1) includes multiple connecting segments (1a), which are positioned by pins and fixedly connected by screws.

8. The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a protective mirror drawer (6), which is detachably inserted into the collimating body (1) along the radial direction of the collimating center adjustment cylinder (2) and located in front of the incident face of the collimating mirror (22). The protective mirror drawer (6) is provided with a protective mirror (61) covering the light transmission channel.

9. The three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The adjusting screw (32) is a ball screw and abuts against the lever (31) through its end with a steel post.

10. A laser processing apparatus, comprising the three-dimensional adjustable collimation structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It also includes a light source (7), which is detachably connected to the incident end of the collimating body (1).

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