A vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws

Abstract

A vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws comprises a three-dimensional coordinate system consisting of a transverse moving seat, a vertical moving seat, and a longitudinal moving seat on the frame. The vertical moving seat is equipped with an inverted turning mechanism, a cyclone milling mechanism, a vertical milling mechanism, and a grinding mechanism. The longitudinal moving seat is equipped with a milling mechanism, a vertical turning mechanism, a tool set, and a parting tool. The inverted turning mechanism first processes one end of the lead screw, then the lead screw is placed on the vertical turning mechanism to cut off and process the other end, followed by the processing of the required trapezoidal thread. This vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws can perform targeted processing on all parts of the lead screw, thereby producing lead screws of different shapes and structures. It offers high processing accuracy and a stable processing process, which helps improve processing quality and meets the needs of high-precision machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to machine tools, and in particular to a vertical machine tool for processing specific irregular-shaped lead screws. Background Technology

[0002] Lead screws are a commonly used mechanical transmission component and an important part of many mechanical devices. Especially with the development of AI technology and intelligent robots, various types of lead screws are being used in different robots. A conventional lead screw is a long, cylindrical bar with threads on its surface, and both ends are circular planes. The common machining method for this type of lead screw involves placing a bar horizontally on a machine tool, fixing the two ends with center pins to rotate the bar, and then feeding it with a lathe or milling cutter. However, in addition to this conventional lead screw, to meet the diversity of robots and achieve more movements, more types of lead screws are needed, even many specific non-planar lead screws; for example, lead screws with non-planar end faces, lead screws with a protrusion in the middle of the shaft, and lead screws with different threads on the shaft. Many of these non-planar lead screws cannot be machined using the conventional center pin fixing method, and different parts of the lead screw, different threads, etc., cannot be machined on the same machine tool. They must be manufactured using a step-by-step machining method on different machine tools, which limits the machining accuracy of the lead screw and cannot meet the needs of high-precision equipment and robots. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical machine tool capable of processing irregularly shaped lead screws with non-planar end faces and different structures between different sections of the rod body, so as to complete the processing of irregularly shaped lead screws in one go and improve the processing accuracy of lead screws.

[0004] The present invention relates to a vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws, comprising a frame on which are mounted transverse guide rails and vertical axis guide rails. Movable transverse and vertical moving seats are respectively mounted on the transverse and vertical guide rails. A longitudinal guide rail, perpendicular to both the transverse and vertical guide rails, is mounted on the transverse moving seat. A movable longitudinal moving seat is mounted on the longitudinal guide rail. A transverse driver, a vertical driver, and a longitudinal driver are also provided to drive the transverse, vertical, and longitudinal moving seats respectively. The vertical moving seat is equipped with an inverted turning mechanism for turning, a whirlwind milling mechanism and a vertical milling mechanism for milling, and a grinding mechanism for grinding. The longitudinal moving seat is equipped with a milling mechanism for milling, a vertical turning mechanism for turning, a tool set for machining the workpiece in conjunction with the inverted turning mechanism, a cutting tool for machining the workpiece in conjunction with the vertical turning mechanism, and a cutting driver for moving the cutting tool.

[0005] The vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws described in this utility model has transverse, longitudinal, and vertical guide rails on the frame forming an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate axis. Transverse, longitudinal, and vertical moving seats, mounted on these guide rails and driven by a driver, can move various machining mechanisms and workpieces along the three-dimensional coordinate axis, thereby enabling machining at various positions on the workpiece. The inverted turning mechanism, cyclone milling mechanism, vertical milling mechanism, grinding mechanism, milling mechanism, and upright turning mechanism—all mechanisms used for machining the workpiece—are arranged in a vertical machining orientation. When machining the required special-shaped lead screw, the first step is to fix the material bar to be machined at the bottom of the inverted lathe mechanism; the second step is to have all the drives move the mechanisms together, so that the cutting tool set can machine the outer cylindrical surface of the end of the material bar until the required diameter and thread are machined; the third step is to move the inverted lathe mechanism and the milling mechanism to opposite positions, and use the milling cutter on the milling mechanism to machine the end face of the material bar into the required shape, such as a concave hole or groove; the fourth step is to have the inverted lathe mechanism and the upright lathe mechanism face each other vertically, and the inverted lathe mechanism outputs the material bar downward to the upright lathe mechanism, which clamps and fixes the middle part of the material bar where the lead screw is machined. After clamping and fixing, the cutting drive drives the cutting blade to cut the material bar. The workpiece is cut off, leaving the remaining length required for machining on the vertical lathe mechanism; in the fifth step, the vertical milling mechanism, opposite the vertical lathe mechanism, uses the milling cutter on the vertical milling mechanism to machine the other end face of the workpiece; in the sixth step, the cyclone milling mechanism, in cooperation with the vertical lathe mechanism, machines the required thread on the workpiece; in the seventh step, the grinding mechanism, in cooperation with the vertical lathe mechanism, finely grinds the thread to the required thread accuracy grade; thus, the workpiece is machined into a special-shaped lead screw with two flat ends, a protruding connecting part in the middle of the rod body, and different threads at both ends of the rod body. This type of lead screw can be applied to specific mechanical equipment, such as the connecting part being fixed and rotated with mechanical equipment parts, and the threads at both ends being connected to different transmission components. This type of vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws can perform targeted and specific machining on all parts of the lead screw, thereby producing irregularly shaped lead screws with different structures. Moreover, the machining process does not require switching between different machine tools or processing equipment; the entire machining process can be completed in a single setup, which can effectively improve machining accuracy. At the same time, the machine tool adopts vertical machining, and the center of gravity of the workpiece coincides with the axis during machining, preventing the rod from bending due to gravity. This makes the machining process extremely stable, and the machine tool can also use relatively large cutting parameters, thereby ensuring machining quality while improving machining efficiency.

[0006] Preferably, the inverted carriage mechanism has a through hole that extends vertically and is used to place the material bar.

[0007] Preferably, the bar is fed from above the through hole to the bottom of the inverted carriage mechanism, where the inverted carriage mechanism clamps and fixes the middle part of the bar.

[0008] Preferably, the tool set includes an external turning tool for machining the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece, a grooving tool for machining annular grooves, and a threading tool for machining threads.

[0009] Preferably, the external turning tool and the thread turning tool include roughing tools and finishing tools for roughing and finishing.

[0010] Preferably, when machining the concave hole on the end face of the workpiece, the end face of the workpiece is first marked with a dot for positioning before drilling, and then the drilled hole is enlarged using a milling cutter.

[0011] Preferably, the cyclone milling mechanism is equipped with a milling cutter for machining trapezoidal threads.

[0012] Preferably, the milling mechanism replaces the milling cutter and then mills a relief groove between the connection and the thread.

[0013] Preferably, the milling mechanism replaces the brush wheel to deburr the workpiece.

[0014] By setting up the aforementioned vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws, the manufacturing precision of irregularly shaped lead screws can be further improved, thereby better meeting the requirements of high-precision fields. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure where the material bar is placed on the inverted carriage mechanism.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inverted machine mechanism processing the end of the material bar.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a milling mechanism machining the end face of a bar.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the uprighting mechanism and the cutting blade cutting the material bar.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical milling mechanism machining the end face groove of the bar.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a cyclone milling mechanism milling trapezoidal threads.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the milling mechanism milling a relief groove.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a non-standard lead screw manufactured by a vertical machining center. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that if any directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inside, outside, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial, etc.) is involved in the embodiments of this utility model, the directional indication is only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0026] If the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0027] This utility model proposes a vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws.

[0028] The vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws in this embodiment includes a frame 1. A transverse guide rail 21 arranged horizontally and a vertical axis guide rail 31 arranged vertically are mounted on the frame. Movable transverse sliding seats 22 and vertical sliding seats 32 are respectively mounted on the transverse and vertical guide rails. A longitudinal guide rail 41, perpendicular to both the transverse and vertical guide rails, is mounted on the transverse sliding seat. A movable longitudinal sliding seat 42 is mounted on the longitudinal guide rail. A transverse axis guide rail is also provided to drive the transverse sliding seat, vertical sliding seat, and longitudinal sliding seat. The device includes a driver 23, a vertical driver 33, and a longitudinal driver 43; the vertical moving base is equipped with an inverted turning mechanism 5 for turning, a whirl milling mechanism 6 and a vertical milling mechanism 7 for milling, and a grinding mechanism 8 for grinding; the longitudinal moving base is equipped with a milling mechanism for milling, a turning mechanism 10 for turning, a tool set 11 that cooperates with the inverted turning mechanism to process the bar, a cutting tool 12 that cooperates with the turning mechanism to process the bar, and a cutting driver 13 that drives the cutting tool to move.

[0029] likeFigures 1-9 As shown, the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical guide rails on the frame constitute the XYZ three-dimensional coordinate axes. The transverse, longitudinal, and vertical moving seats, mounted on these guide rails and driven by a driver, can move various machining mechanisms and workpieces along the three-dimensional coordinate axes, thereby enabling machining at various positions on the workpiece. The inverted lathe mechanism, cyclone milling mechanism, vertical milling mechanism, grinding mechanism, milling mechanism, and upright lathe mechanism—all mechanisms used for machining bar stock—are arranged in a vertical machining orientation.

[0030] The processing procedure for the irregular-shaped lead screw is as follows: First, the material bar 100 to be processed is fixed at the bottom of the inverted machine mechanism, such as... Figure 2 As shown; secondly, all drives cooperate to move each mechanism, causing the cutting tool assembly to machine the outer cylindrical surface of the bar end until the required diameter and thread are produced, such as... Figure 3 As shown, this includes rough turning of the outer diameter, finish turning of the outer diameter, grooving, rough turning of the thread, and finish turning of the thread; third, the inverted turning mechanism and the milling mechanism move to opposite positions, and the milling cutter on the milling mechanism is used to machine the end face of the bar into the required concave hole, such as... Figure 4 As shown; Fourth, the inverted and upright mechanisms are positioned vertically opposite each other. The inverted mechanism outputs the workpiece downwards to the upright mechanism, which clamps and fixes the middle portion of the workpiece's machining length using the lead screw. After clamping and fixing, the cutting driver drives the cutting blade to cut the workpiece, leaving the workpiece of the required machining length on the upright mechanism. Figure 5 As shown; Fifth, the vertical milling mechanism is opposite to the vertical turning mechanism. The milling cutter on the vertical milling mechanism is used to machine a groove into the other end face of the workpiece, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, first, the lead screw end face is precision milled, then the required groove is milled, and then the outer circle is precision milled and ground; sixth, the cyclone milling mechanism cooperates with the upright lathe mechanism to process the required thread on the workpiece, such as... Figure 7 As shown; seventh, the grinding mechanism cooperates with the upright lathe mechanism to finely grind the threads to the required thread accuracy grade. Thus, the workpiece is processed as follows... Figure 9 The example shown is a non-planar screw with a protruding connecting part in the middle of the rod body, and the rod body at both ends of the connecting part has different threads.

[0031] The aforementioned vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws has an inverted carriage mechanism 5 with a through hole running vertically through it for placing the material bar. The material bar is fed in from above the through hole and extends out from the bottom of the inverted carriage mechanism. The inverted carriage mechanism clamps and fixes the middle part of the material bar. After the material bar is cut to the length required for lead screw processing, the remaining material bar can continue to be output downwards for processing the next lead screw. This not only improves processing efficiency but also reduces errors caused by repeated loading and unloading of material bars, further improving processing accuracy and quality.

[0032] likeFigure 3 As shown, the tool set 11 includes an external turning tool for machining the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece, a grooving tool 113 for machining an annular groove, and a threading tool for machining threads, thereby machining an annular groove between the thread and the connection part of the lead screw at one end. The external turning tool and the threading tool further include a roughing turning tool 111, a finishing turning tool 112, a roughing threading tool 114, and a finishing threading tool 115 for roughing and finishing, thereby improving machining efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0033] The aforementioned vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws, when machining the concave hole on the end face of the workpiece, first marks the end face of the workpiece for positioning, such as... Figure 4 As shown in (a), drill another hole, as follows. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the drilled hole is then enlarged using a milling cutter, including as follows: Figure 4 (c) Figure 4 (d) shows rough milling and finish milling, which can not only improve machining accuracy, but also process the required irregular holes.

[0034] like Figure 7 As shown, the cyclone milling mechanism 6 is equipped with a milling cutter for machining trapezoidal threads, utilizing cyclone milling to increase the machining speed of trapezoidal threads. Figure 8 As shown, the milling mechanism 9 replaces the milling cutter 116 and then mills a relief groove between the connecting part and the thread to machine the lead screw into the required shape. In addition, the milling mechanism 9 can also replace the brush wheel to deburr the workpiece and improve the surface cleanliness.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws, comprising a frame (1), on which are mounted a transverse guide rail (21) arranged in the transverse direction and a vertical axis guide rail (31) arranged in the vertical direction; movable transverse moving seats (22) and vertical moving seats (32) are respectively mounted on the transverse guide rail and the vertical guide rail; a longitudinal guide rail (41) perpendicular to both the transverse guide rail and the vertical guide rail is mounted on the transverse moving seat; a movable longitudinal moving seat (42) is mounted on the longitudinal guide rail; and a transverse driver (23), a vertical driver (33), and a longitudinal driver (43) respectively drive the transverse moving seat, the vertical moving seat, and the longitudinal moving seat to move, characterized in that: The vertical moving base is equipped with an inverted turning mechanism (5), a whirl milling mechanism (6) and a vertical milling mechanism (7) for turning, and a grinding mechanism (8) for grinding. The longitudinal moving base is equipped with a milling mechanism (9) for milling, a turning mechanism (10) for turning, a tool set (11) for machining the bar in cooperation with the inverted turning mechanism, a cutting tool (12) for machining the bar in cooperation with the turning mechanism, and a cutting drive (13) for moving the cutting tool.

2. The vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverted carriage mechanism (5) has a through hole that runs vertically through the material bar.

3. The vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool set (11) includes an external turning tool for machining the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece, a grooving tool for machining annular grooves, and a threading tool for machining threads.

4. The vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws according to claim 3, characterized in that: External turning tools and thread turning tools, including roughing tools and finishing tools for roughing and finishing.

5. The vertical machining center for irregularly shaped lead screws according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The cyclone milling mechanism (6) is equipped with a milling cutter for machining trapezoidal threads.

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