A clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts

Abstract

This utility model discloses a clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts, including a main base plate, locating pins, an inner circular stop, and locating holes. The main base plate has an inner circular stop and two locating holes. During clamping, the outer circle of the workpiece mates with the inner circular stop to form primary positioning, and the outer circle of the workpiece boss mates with the locating holes to achieve angular positioning. Bolts are then used to tighten the workpiece end face, collectively restricting six degrees of freedom. When clamping on the reverse side, the primary positioning remains unchanged, and the angular positioning is changed by mates between the locating pin fixed to the base plate and the inner hole of the workpiece boss. This utility model, through the composite constraint of "one circle, two holes + end face tightening" and the design of "same boss, different mating on the front and back sides," achieves unified reference, effectively suppresses machining deformation of thin-walled parts, obtains high repeatability positioning accuracy and consistency in machining on both sides, and has the advantages of stable clamping, high precision, strong error prevention, and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical processing and manufacturing technology, and in particular to a clamping and processing structure for thin-walled parts. Background Technology

[0002] When machining thin-walled, irregularly shaped parts, such as discs, the thinness of the workpiece makes it prone to deformation under the clamping force of the fixture, thus affecting the dimensional and machining accuracy. Traditional clamping methods for these parts typically use a three-jaw chuck, applying force in three directions to hold the workpiece. While this provides some clamping, it fails to guarantee the workpiece's shape tolerances, impacting machining accuracy. Other clamping methods, such as end-face clamping, reduce the machining area per pass, affecting the part's machinability and requiring multiple clamping and correction operations, resulting in additional processing costs and wasted resources, thus exhibiting limitations.

[0003] Existing technologies struggle to balance high-precision positioning and deformation control, especially for thin-walled parts with high dimensional and positional accuracy requirements and complex structures. Traditional clamping methods cannot meet their stringent process requirements, exhibiting significant technical defects and application bottlenecks. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a clamping and processing structure for thin-walled parts, which aims to solve the problems of existing clamping methods that easily lead to deformation of thin-walled parts, low positioning accuracy, low clamping efficiency, and inability to meet the requirements of mass production.

[0005] This utility model is achieved by the following technical solution: a clamping and processing structure for thin-walled parts, characterized in that it includes a main base plate, on which are provided an inner circle stop for the outer circle of the workpiece, at least two mating parts for auxiliary positioning, and fastening components for connecting with the workpiece; wherein, when the workpiece is clamped, radial positioning is achieved by the mating of the outer circle and the inner circle stop, and auxiliary positioning is achieved by the mating parts, and then the end face of the workpiece is fixed to the main base plate by the fastening components.

[0006] Furthermore, the mating part includes two positioning holes for mating with the outer circle of the workpiece boss, and also includes two positioning pins for mating with the inner hole of the workpiece boss.

[0007] Furthermore, the spatial arrangement of the positioning holes and positioning pins is unique, ensuring that the workpiece can only be clamped in a preset direction, thereby achieving the function of preventing incorrect clamping.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning pin is fixed to the positioning pin hole on the main substrate by interference fit.

[0009] Furthermore, the fastening component includes a through hole and a bolt corresponding to the threaded hole on the end face of the workpiece. The bolt passes through the main substrate and connects to the threaded hole on the end face of the workpiece to achieve end face tightening.

[0010] Furthermore, when the workpiece is clamped on the front side, the outer circle of the workpiece boss engages with the positioning hole on the main body substrate; when the workpiece is clamped on the back side, the inner hole of the workpiece boss engages with the positioning pin on the main body substrate.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner circle stop, positioning hole and positioning pin constitute a composite positioning system, which can maintain the outer circle of the workpiece as the unified main reference in both forward and reverse clamping.

[0012] The advantages of the thin-walled part clamping and processing structure described in this utility model include: By using a composite constraint method of "one circle, two holes, and end face tensioning", all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece are effectively restricted. The clamping rigidity is strong and the positioning accuracy is high, providing a solid foundation for the high-precision machining of thin-walled parts.

[0013] The workpiece is fixed by using the inner circle stop as the main radial reference and by tightening the end face, so that the workpiece mainly bears uniform axial compressive stress, which greatly reduces the radial or lateral local stress caused by clamping and cutting forces, thereby effectively controlling the deformation of thin-walled parts during the processing.

[0014] The outer circle of the workpiece serves as the constant radial master datum in both the forward and reverse clamping processes, avoiding the cumulative dimensional errors caused by datum conversion and ensuring the dimensional consistency and coordination of the parts after multiple clamping and machining operations.

[0015] By utilizing the same pair of bosses on the workpiece and changing the way they cooperate with different positioning elements on the substrate, angular positioning of the front and back clamping is achieved. This combines a unified reference with the optimal cooperation method, ensuring that the secondary clamping has extremely high repeatability and positional accuracy between the front and back machining features.

[0016] The unique design of the mating positions of the locating holes and locating pins relative to the boss prevents the possibility of incorrect workpiece clamping, improves operational reliability, and simplifies the operation process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts; In the figure, 1-main substrate, 2-positioning pin hole, 3-inner circle stop, 4-positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a clamping and processing structure for thin-walled parts, including a main substrate 1, a positioning pin hole 2, an inner circular stop 3, and a positioning hole 4.

[0022] The main substrate 1 is a high-rigidity base, on which an inner circular stop 3 for mating with the outer circle of the workpiece is integrally machined, as well as two positioning holes 4 arranged on both sides. There are two positioning pin holes 2, and the positioning pins are precision cylindrical pins, which are fixed in the positioning pin holes 2 of the main substrate 1 by interference fit. The positioning holes 4 are used to mate with the outer circle of the boss on the workpiece. The main substrate 1 is also provided with through holes corresponding to the process thread holes on the end face of the workpiece, so as to tighten the end face of the workpiece onto the main substrate 1 by bolts.

[0023] The workpiece is placed on the main substrate 1, with its outer circle engaging with the inner circle stop 3 on the main substrate 1 to form radial primary positioning. Simultaneously, the outer circles of the two bosses on the workpiece engage with the two positioning holes 4 on the main substrate 1 to achieve angular auxiliary positioning. Bolts are then used to secure the workpiece from the through hole in the main substrate to the threaded hole on the end face of the workpiece, and a preload is applied to ensure that the end face of the workpiece is evenly fitted to the main substrate 1. At this point, the inner circle stop 3 and the two positioning holes 4 together define the position of the workpiece, forming a composite constraint of "one circle, two holes, and end face tension," restricting the six degrees of freedom of the workpiece and ensuring the stability and positioning accuracy of the clamping.

[0024] When reverse clamping is required, the outer circle of the workpiece is still used as the main radial reference: the outer circle of the workpiece continues to mate with the inner circle stop 3 on the main body base plate 1, but the angular / auxiliary positioning is changed to use the inner hole on the workpiece boss to mate with the positioning pin 2 fixed on the main body base plate 1 - that is, the positioning pin is inserted into the inner hole of the boss to achieve positioning; then the end face is tightened and fixed by bolts. In this way, both forward and reverse clamping use the same boss (and outer circle of the workpiece) as the unified reference, and only different components (positioning hole 4 or positioning pin) on the main body base plate 1 mate with different structural surfaces (outer circle or inner hole) of the boss to achieve high-precision positioning on the front and back sides respectively.

[0025] The outer circle of the workpiece is used as the main radial datum. This main datum remains unchanged in both forward and reverse clamping to avoid cumulative dimensional errors caused by datum transfer.

[0026] By utilizing the same pair of bosses on the workpiece, the outer circle of the boss mates with the positioning hole 4 when clamped on the front side, and the inner hole of the boss mates with the positioning pin when clamped on the back side, the design concept of "same boss, different mating on the front and back sides" is realized. This ensures both the consistency of the datum and the optimal mating method in the two clamping operations.

[0027] The positioning pin is interference-fitted to the positioning pin hole 2 as a reliable stationary positioning element; the positioning hole 4 serves as a receiving surface, and the two work together to form a repeatable positioning system.

[0028] The workpiece is pulled to the main plate 1 through the end face and the inner circle stop 3 is used as the radial main reference. The cutting force is transmitted to the machine tool through the main plate. The workpiece mainly bears uniform axial compressive stress, which reduces radial / lateral local stress and thus effectively suppresses the deformation of thin-walled parts during processing.

[0029] Because the forward and reverse clamping maintains a unified datum and uses a suitable mating surface, the repeatability of the secondary clamping is high, the consistency of the front and back machining is good, and the number of clamping times and process changeover time are significantly reduced.

[0030] The unique design of the mating positions of the positioning hole 4, positioning pin, and boss reduces the risk of incorrect clamping.

[0031] The above embodiments describe the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be protected within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts, characterized in that, The main body base plate (1) is provided with an inner circle stop (3) for the outer circle of the workpiece, at least two mating parts for auxiliary positioning, and fastening parts for connecting with the workpiece. The workpiece is radially positioned by the outer circle and the inner circle stop (3) during clamping, and is further positioned by the mating parts. The end face of the workpiece is then fixed to the main body base plate (1) by the fastening parts.

2. The clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mating part includes two positioning holes (4) for mating with the outer circle of the workpiece boss, and also includes two positioning pins for mating with the inner hole of the workpiece boss.

3. The clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spatial arrangement of the positioning hole (4) and the positioning pin is unique, so that the workpiece can only be clamped in the preset direction, thereby realizing the function of preventing incorrect clamping.

4. The clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning pin is fixed to the positioning pin hole (2) on the main substrate (1) by interference fit.

5. The clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening components include through holes and bolts corresponding to the process threaded holes on the end face of the workpiece. The bolts pass through the main substrate (1) and connect to the threaded holes on the end face of the workpiece to achieve end face tightening.

6. The clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the workpiece is clamped on the front side, the outer circle of the workpiece boss engages with the positioning hole (4) on the main substrate (1); when the workpiece is clamped on the back side, the inner hole of the workpiece boss engages with the positioning pin on the main substrate (1).

7. The clamping and machining structure for thin-walled parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner circle stop (3), the positioning hole (4) and the positioning pin constitute a composite positioning system, which can maintain the outer circle of the workpiece as the unified main reference in both forward and reverse clamping.

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