Tool changing structure and engraving machine

Abstract

This utility model discloses a tool changing structure and an engraving machine. The tool changing structure includes: a housing, a spindle core assembly, and a manual tool changing component mounted on the housing to drive the spindle core assembly for manual tool changing. The housing includes a spindle upper cover, a spindle housing, and a spindle lower cover. The manual tool changing component is mounted on the spindle upper cover, and the spindle core assembly is installed through the spindle housing. The upper end of the spindle core assembly abuts against the manual tool changing component, and the lower end of the spindle core assembly protrudes through the spindle lower cover. This tool changing structure, by mounting the manual tool changing component on the spindle upper cover and abutting against the upper end of the spindle core assembly, with the lower end of the spindle core assembly protruding through the spindle lower cover, allows for manual tool changing at the lower end of the spindle core assembly simply by manually operating the manual tool changing component to abut against the top of the spindle core assembly and pressing it downwards. This further extends the lower end of the spindle core assembly beyond the spindle lower cover, thus achieving manual tool changing at the lower end of the spindle core assembly. This solves the problem of low tool changing efficiency in traditional manual tool changing spindles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machining, and in particular to a tool changing structure and an engraving machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, CNC machining equipment tool change spindles come in two forms: automatic tool changer spindles and manual tool changer spindles. Automatic tool changer spindles use pneumatic tool changing, which suffers from complex tool changing systems, high noise levels, poor safety, and a complex overall pneumatic and electrical circuit that prevents miniaturization. While manual tool changer spindles do not suffer from the same problems as automatic spindles (high noise, poor safety, and complex pneumatic and electrical circuits that prevent miniaturization), they require external tools for installation, which makes tool changing inconvenient and results in low tool changing efficiency. Manual tool changer spindles use threaded rods to lock from the top of the spindle, making tool changing inconvenient and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a tool changing structure and an engraving machine to at least solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] This utility model embodiment provides a tool changing structure, which includes: a housing, a spindle core assembly, and a manual tool changing assembly mounted on the housing to drive the spindle core assembly to achieve manual tool changing; the housing includes a spindle upper cover, a spindle housing, and a spindle lower cover, the manual tool changing assembly is mounted on the spindle upper cover, the spindle core assembly is installed through the spindle housing, the upper end of the spindle core assembly abuts against the manual tool changing assembly, and the lower end of the spindle core assembly protrudes through the spindle lower cover.

[0005] In some embodiments, the manual tool changer includes a tool changer handle and an eccentric shaft. The eccentric shaft extends laterally into the spindle cover and is rotatable relative to the spindle cover. The lower end of the tool changer handle is fixedly connected to the portion of the eccentric shaft located outside the spindle cover.

[0006] In some embodiments, the spindle assembly includes a tool changer slider, a drawbar, a first elastic member, a tool chuck, and a spindle; wherein the spindle is a hollow structure, the tool chuck is inserted from the bottom end of the spindle, the first elastic member is sleeved on the drawbar and inserted from the top end of the spindle, the lower end of the drawbar is connected to the upper end of the tool chuck, the lower end of the tool chuck is used to mount a tool, the upper end of the tool changer slider abuts against the eccentric shaft, and the lower end of the tool changer slider is used to press against the top end of the drawbar. The first elastic member may be a disc spring.

[0007] In some embodiments, a second elastic component is further provided between the tool changer slider and the shaft core. The second elastic component may be a return spring.

[0008] In some embodiments, an upper bearing assembly is provided between the upper spindle cover and the spindle housing; a lower bearing assembly is provided between the lower spindle cover and the spindle housing; and the spindle core is axially rotatable with the cooperation of the upper bearing assembly and the lower bearing assembly.

[0009] In some embodiments, a stator structure is further provided between the spindle housing and the shaft core, the stator structure being sleeved on the shaft core, and the shaft core serving as the rotor structure of the stator structure.

[0010] In some embodiments, a thermally conductive medium is filled between the stator structure and the spindle housing, and heat dissipation fins are provided on the outer side of the spindle housing.

[0011] In some embodiments, the axial through hole of the shaft core includes a first through hole section, a second through hole section, and a third through hole section from top to bottom. The inner diameter of the second through hole section is smaller than the inner diameters of the first through hole section and the third through hole section, and the inner diameter of the second through hole section is larger than the outer diameter of the broach rod.

[0012] In some embodiments, a circumferential step is formed between the first through-hole segment and the second through-hole segment.

[0013] This utility model embodiment also provides an engraving machine, which is equipped with the tool changing structure described in any embodiment of this application.

[0014] The tool changing structure of this embodiment uses a manual tool changing component mounted on the upper cover of the spindle, which abuts against the upper end of the spindle core assembly. The lower end of the spindle core assembly extends out of the lower cover of the spindle. This allows for manual tool changing only by manually operating the manual tool changing component to press down on the top of the spindle core assembly, causing the lower end of the spindle core assembly to extend further out of the lower cover of the spindle, thus enabling manual tool changing at the lower end of the spindle core assembly. This solves the problem of low tool changing efficiency in traditional manual tool changing spindles. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the tool changing mechanism provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the shaft core assembly of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the tool changing structure of this application; Figure 4This is a side view of one embodiment of the tool changing structure of this application; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of one embodiment of the tool changing structure of this application; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the tool changing structure of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the engraving machine of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0018] It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising" or "including" include not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0019] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an embodiment of the tool changing mechanism provided in this application. In this embodiment, the tool changing mechanism includes a housing, a spindle assembly, and a manual tool changing assembly mounted on the housing to drive the spindle assembly for manual tool changing. The housing includes a spindle housing 11, a spindle upper cover 12, and a spindle lower cover 13. The manual tool changing assembly is mounted on the spindle upper cover 12, and the spindle assembly is installed through the spindle housing 11. The upper end of the spindle assembly abuts against the manual tool changing assembly, and the lower end of the spindle assembly protrudes from the spindle lower cover 13.

[0020] The tool changing structure of this embodiment uses a manual tool changing component mounted on the upper cover of the spindle, which abuts against the upper end of the spindle core assembly. The lower end of the spindle core assembly extends out of the lower cover of the spindle. This allows for manual tool changing only by manually operating the manual tool changing component to press down on the top of the spindle core assembly, causing the lower end of the spindle core assembly to extend further out of the lower cover of the spindle, thus enabling manual tool changing at the lower end of the spindle core assembly. This solves the problem of low tool changing efficiency in traditional manual tool changing spindles.

[0021] like Figure 2The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an embodiment of the shaft core assembly of this application. In this embodiment, the shaft core assembly includes a tool changer slider 33, a drawbar 34, a disc spring 35, a tool chuck 36, and a shaft core 22. The shaft core 22 is a hollow structure. The tool chuck 36 is inserted from the bottom end of the shaft core 22. The disc spring 35 is sleeved on the drawbar 34 and inserted from the top end of the shaft core 22. The lower end of the drawbar 34 is connected to the upper end of the tool chuck 36 (for example, by a threaded connection, the lower end of the drawbar 34 is provided with an external thread, and the top end of the tool chuck 36 is provided with a connecting hole, the connecting hole being provided with an internal thread). The lower end of the tool chuck 36 is used to install a tool. The upper end of the tool changer slider 34 abuts against the eccentric shaft, and the lower end of the tool changer slider 34 is used to press against the top end of the drawbar 34.

[0022] In some embodiments, the axial through hole of the shaft core 22 includes a first through hole section, a second through hole section and a third through hole section from top to bottom. The inner diameter of the second through hole section is smaller than the inner diameters of the first through hole section and the third through hole section, and the inner diameter of the second through hole section is larger than the outer diameter of the broach shank 34, so as to ensure that the lower end of the broach shank 34 can be connected to the tool chuck located in the third through hole section through the second through hole section.

[0023] A circumferential step is formed between the first and second through-hole sections. When the disc spring 35 is inserted, its lower end abuts against this axial step. A limiting portion is provided at the upper end of the pull rod 34 to limit the disc spring 35. The disc spring 35 is cupped between the limiting portion of the pull rod 34 and the axial step. Exemplarily, the top of the pull rod 34 can be nut-shaped to form the aforementioned limiting portion.

[0024] In some embodiments, a return spring 331 is also provided between the tool changer slider 33 and the shaft core 22. The top end of the tool changer slider 33 is nut-shaped, and the return spring 331 is sleeved on the tool changer slider 33 from the bottom. In the initial state, the tool changer handle is in a vertical state, and the eccentric part of the eccentric shaft 32 abuts against the tool changer slider. When the tool changer handle 31 is turned, the non-eccentric part of the eccentric shaft 32 presses against the tool changer slider 33, and the tool changer slider 33 compresses the return spring 331; when the tool changer handle 31 returns to the vertical state, the tool changer slider 33 moves upward under the action of the return spring 331.

[0025] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The manual tool changer assembly includes a tool changer handle 31 and an eccentric shaft 32. The eccentric shaft 32 extends laterally into the spindle cover 12 (correspondingly, through holes for mounting the eccentric shaft are provided on two opposite side walls of the spindle cover 12), and can rotate relative to the spindle cover 12. The lower end of the tool changer handle 31 is fixedly connected to the portion of the eccentric shaft 32 located outside the spindle cover 12. One end of the eccentric shaft 32 may have a mounting hole 321 for mounting the tool changer handle 31, and the handle 31 (e.g., a tool changer handle 31) inserted into the mounting hole 321 is fastened through a screw hole 322 on one side. Figure 2As shown in the image).

[0026] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of another embodiment of the tool changing structure of this application. In this embodiment, an upper bearing assembly 37 is disposed between the upper spindle cover 12 and the spindle housing 11; a lower bearing assembly 38 is disposed between the lower spindle cover 13 and the spindle housing 11; the spindle core 22 can rotate axially under the cooperation of the upper bearing assembly 37 and the lower bearing assembly 38. The upper bearing assembly 37 includes a bearing base 371, an upper bearing 372 mounted in the bearing base, and a bearing cover 373 mounted on the bearing base.

[0027] Continue to refer to Figure 3 A stator structure (39, 40) is also provided between the spindle housing 11 and the shaft core 22. The stator structure is sleeved on the shaft core 22, and the shaft core 22 acts as the rotor structure of the stator structure, thereby forming a motor for driving the tool on the tool holder to perform engraving tasks. Exemplarily, the stator structure includes a first stator structure 39 and a second stator structure 40. It should be noted that this application does not limit the specific form of the stator structure, and reference can be made to stator structures in related technologies.

[0028] In some embodiments, a thermally conductive medium is filled between the stator structure and the spindle housing, and heat dissipation fins are provided on the outer side of the spindle housing.

[0029] like Figure 4 The image shown is a side view of one embodiment of the tool changing structure of this application. Figure 5 The figure shown is a perspective view of an embodiment of the tool changing structure of this application.

[0030] like Figure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the tool changing structure of this application. The working principle of the tool changing structure is as follows: When the tool changing handle 31 is manually turned, the eccentric shaft 32 rotates and presses down on the tool changing slider 33. The tool changing slider 33 further presses down on the pull rod 34, thereby causing the tool chuck 36 to extend downwards under the action of the pull rod 34, realizing the tool changing operation. After the tool changing handle is released, the tool changing slider 33 returns to its original position under the action of the return spring, while the pull rod 34, under the action of the disc spring 35, pulls up the tool chuck 36, tightening the tool head. The lower end of the tool chuck 36 can be designed as a three-lobed structure (or a four-lobed structure, this application does not limit this). When the lower end of the tool chuck 36 extends out of the shaft, the three-lobed structure opens without external force, releasing the tool; when the lower end of the tool chuck 36 retracts back to the shaft, the three-lobed structure contracts under the pressure of the shaft, tightening the tool.

[0031] This utility model embodiment also provides an engraving machine, which is equipped with the tool changing structure described in any embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7The diagram shows a structural schematic of one embodiment of the engraving machine of this application. In this embodiment, the engraving machine includes a cover 100 and a housing 200, which together form the entire engraving machine housing. Inside the engraving machine housing are a frame structure 300, an engraving execution mechanism 400, a depth track 500, and an engraving platform 600. The frame structure 300 is located at the bottom of the housing 200, and the engraving execution mechanism 400 is slidably mounted on the crossbeam of the frame structure 300 via a transverse track. The depth track 500 is located on the base of the frame structure 300, and the engraving platform 600 is slidably mounted on the depth track 500. The engraving platform 600 is used to hold and mount the material to be engraved, and the cutting head carried on the engraving execution mechanism performs the processing of the material. The engraving execution mechanism 400 is equipped with the tool changing structure described in any of the first ten embodiments of this application. It should be noted that the various components included in the above engraving machine are merely examples, and this application does not limit their use.

[0032] This application achieves miniaturization of the manual tool changing structure by using a convenient manual tool changing mechanism and a rotor-like design with a setter mounted on it. This simplifies the complexity of the tool changing system and provides a compact, rapid manual tool changing solution. It eliminates the need for the high-pressure air circuit system required by traditional air knife tool changing systems, reducing system complexity and enhancing the safety of the small automatic tool changing system.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A tool changing structure, characterized in that, include: The device includes a housing, a spindle core assembly, and a manual tool changer assembly mounted on the housing to drive the spindle core assembly for manual tool changing; the housing includes a spindle upper cover, a spindle housing, and a spindle lower cover; the manual tool changer assembly is mounted on the spindle upper cover; the spindle core assembly is installed through the spindle housing; the upper end of the spindle core assembly abuts against the manual tool changer assembly; and the lower end of the spindle core assembly protrudes through the spindle lower cover.

2. The tool changing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manual tool changer includes a tool changer handle and an eccentric shaft. The eccentric shaft is inserted laterally into the spindle cover and can rotate relative to the spindle cover. The lower end of the tool changer handle is fixedly connected to the portion of the eccentric shaft located outside the spindle cover.

3. The tool changing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shaft core assembly includes a tool changer slider, a drawbar, a first elastic component, a tool chuck, and a shaft core. The shaft core is hollow. The tool chuck is inserted from the bottom end of the shaft core. The first elastic component is sleeved on the drawbar and inserted from the top end of the shaft core. The lower end of the drawbar is connected to the upper end of the tool chuck, and the lower end of the tool chuck is used to mount a tool. The upper end of the tool changer slider abuts against the eccentric shaft, and the lower end of the tool changer slider presses against the top end of the drawbar.

4. The tool changing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A second elastic component is also provided between the tool changer slider and the shaft core.

5. The tool changing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, An upper bearing assembly is provided between the upper spindle cover and the spindle housing; a lower bearing assembly is provided between the lower spindle cover and the spindle housing; the spindle core can rotate axially with the cooperation of the upper bearing assembly and the lower bearing assembly.

6. The tool changing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, A stator structure is also provided between the main spindle housing and the shaft core. The stator structure is sleeved on the shaft core, and the shaft core serves as the rotor structure of the stator structure.

7. The tool changing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The space between the stator structure and the spindle housing is filled with a heat-conducting medium, and heat dissipation fins are provided on the outer side of the spindle housing.

8. The tool changing structure according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The axial through hole of the shaft core includes a first through hole section, a second through hole section, and a third through hole section from top to bottom. The inner diameter of the second through hole section is smaller than the inner diameters of the first and third through hole sections, and the inner diameter of the second through hole section is larger than the outer diameter of the broach rod.

9. The tool changing structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, A circumferential step is formed between the first through-hole section and the second through-hole section.

10. A carving machine, characterized in that, It is equipped with the tool changing structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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