Belt polishing device and blade polishing system

Abstract

This utility model relates to the technical field of polishing devices, and more particularly to a belt polishing device and a blade polishing system, including a bracket, a sanding belt, and multiple contact wheels; multiple connecting parts extend from the bracket, and the contact wheels are rotatably connected to the connecting parts one by one, with the axes of the contact wheels parallel; the sanding belt surrounds all the contact wheels and is supported and guided by the contact wheels; wherein, a sanding belt clearance area is formed between adjacent connecting parts, so that the sanding belt between adjacent contact wheels forms a flexible grinding part; the contact wheels protrude radially from the connecting parts, so that the sanding belt at the corresponding position forms a wheel-type grinding part. Its beneficial effect is that through the synergistic effect of the flexible grinding part and the wheel-type grinding part, the same sanding belt system can perform different processing characteristics in different areas, which not only meets the adaptability of complex curved surfaces, but also takes into account the processing efficiency of large areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of polishing devices, and in particular to a belt polishing device and a blade polishing system. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of polishing and grinding technology, robotic polishing systems have emerged in the field of aerospace and gas turbine blade polishing and grinding. These systems use robots to hold the blades and work with belt sanders to polish them. Belt sanders, with their flexible contact and high-efficiency polishing characteristics, can precisely handle complex curved surfaces and efficiently complete key processes such as removing grinding marks and surface finishing. They are core equipment for ensuring the aerodynamic performance and fatigue strength of blades.

[0003] Existing robotic polishing systems typically have belt carrier structures that can only accommodate one contact wheel. A single contact wheel presents the following problems: The problem of interference on complex curved surfaces is that the diameter and width of existing abrasive belt wheels are difficult to match the concave arc surface of the blades, which leads to mechanical interference and overcutting during polishing.

[0004] The problem of insufficient dynamic fit is that traditional rigid support mechanisms cannot achieve adaptive floating fit of the abrasive belt to curved surfaces, resulting in local under-polishing (insufficient contact pressure) or over-polishing (pressure concentration). The curvature radius of the leading and trailing edges is too small, resulting in too small contact area during polishing, leading to over-polishing and over-cutting, especially at the leading and trailing edges. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a belt polishing device and a blade polishing system, which solves the technical problems of complex curved surface interference and insufficient dynamic bonding in the single contact wheel polishing device of the prior art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include: In a first aspect, this utility model provides a belt polishing device, including a bracket, a belt, and multiple contact wheels; multiple connecting parts extend from the bracket, and the contact wheels are rotatably connected to the connecting parts one by one, with the axes of the contact wheels being parallel; the belt surrounds all the contact wheels and is supported and guided by the contact wheels; wherein, a belt clearance area is formed between adjacent connecting parts, so that the belt between adjacent contact wheels forms a flexible grinding part; the contact wheels protrude radially from the connecting parts, so that the belt at the corresponding position forms a wheel-type grinding part.

[0007] In one technical solution of this utility model, the bracket includes a mounting frame and a fixing frame, with a connecting part formed on the mounting frame and the fixing frame fixedly connected to the mounting frame.

[0008] In one technical solution of this utility model, a U-shaped groove is provided on the connecting part, and the sanding belt polishing device also includes a rotating connecting assembly. The contact wheel is connected to the U-shaped groove through the rotating connecting assembly. The rotating connecting assembly includes a hinge pin, a bearing, and a retaining ring. An installation cavity is formed inside the contact wheel, the bearing is located in the installation cavity, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the installation cavity. A limiting boss is formed on the inner wall of the U-shaped groove. The hinge pin passes through the central hole of the bearing and the connecting part. The retaining ring is fixedly connected to both ends of the hinge pin and is located outside the connecting part to limit the axial position of the hinge pin relative to the connecting part. The limiting boss abuts against the inner ring of the bearing to limit the axial position of the contact wheel.

[0009] In one technical solution of this utility model, the bearing and the mounting cavity are two corresponding sets.

[0010] In one technical solution of this utility model, the outer diameter of the contact wheel is different to form a wheel-type grinding part of various sizes and models.

[0011] In one technical solution of this utility model, the span between adjacent connecting parts is adjustable to form flexible grinding parts of different lengths and shapes.

[0012] In one technical solution of this utility model, the connecting part and the contact wheel are configured as two corresponding parts, and the mounting bracket includes a movable section and a fixed section, both of which have a connecting part formed on them; the movable section and the fixed section are slidably connected with a limit along the span direction of the two connecting parts.

[0013] In one technical solution of this utility model, the mounting bracket further includes an adjustment component, which is adapted to adjust the position of the movable section relative to the fixed section by a limit; the adjustment component includes a motor, a lead screw and a nut, the motor is fixedly connected to the fixed section, the nut is fixedly connected to the movable section, and the lead screw and the nut are threadedly connected.

[0014] Secondly, this utility model provides a blade polishing system, including the belt polishing device in the above technical solution, and also includes a frame and a drive wheel and a tension wheel rotatably connected to the frame. The drive wheel can drive the belt to rotate, and the tension wheel can tension and guide the belt. The bracket is fixedly connected to the frame. The flexible grinding part is suitable for grinding the thin edge of the blade, and the wheel grinding part is suitable for grinding the extended surface of the blade.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this utility model are: the flexible grinding part can conform to the surface contour of the workpiece in actual processing, especially for areas with small curvature and limited space, such as the leading and trailing edges of aero-engine blades, it can achieve flexible fitting grinding and polishing without rigid interference, effectively avoiding processing blind spots or surface damage caused by structural interference.

[0016] The contact wheel itself protrudes radially from the connecting part, so that when the sanding belt passes around the contact wheel, it forms a stable supporting wheel-type grinding part in the wheel body's envelope area. This part has high rigidity and contact pressure control capability, and is suitable for efficient polishing of the middle part of the blade and the flat area with large curvature, which can ensure the consistency of the machined surface and the roughness control accuracy.

[0017] Through the synergistic effect of the flexible grinding section and the wheel grinding section, the same sanding belt system can exhibit different processing characteristics in different areas, satisfying both the adaptability to complex curved surfaces and the processing efficiency of large areas.

[0018] This structure is particularly suitable for machining parts such as aero-engine blades, which have complex three-dimensional curved surfaces, small-radius leading and trailing edges, and similar cross-sectional shapes. When polishing the blade, the suspended abrasive belt in the middle can precisely fit the small-radius area of ​​the leading or trailing edge, achieving fine deburring and rounding; while the contact wheel can simultaneously and uniformly polish the main areas of the blade, such as the pressure surface and suction surface, improving the overall machining efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the belt polishing device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the belt polishing device of this utility model; Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 2 A structural diagram of the middle connecting part; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the belt polishing device of this utility model during use; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the adjustable span of the connecting part of this utility model.

[0020] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image] 1. Bracket; 1a. Connecting part; X. Sanding belt clearance area; 1aa. U-shaped groove; B. Limiting boss; 11. Mounting bracket; 111. Active section; 112. Fixed section; 113. Adjustment assembly; 1131. Motor; 1132. Lead screw; 1133. Nut; 12. Fixture; 2. Sanding belt; 2a. Flexible grinding section; 2b. Wheel grinding section; 3. Contact wheel; 3a. Mounting cavity; 4. Rotating connection assembly; 41. Hinge pin; 42. Bearing; 43. Retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-6 This invention will be described in detail through specific embodiments. Wherein, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this document. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0022] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-6 An embodiment of this utility model provides a belt polishing device, including a bracket 1, a sanding belt 2, and multiple contact wheels 3; multiple connecting parts 1a extend from the bracket 1, and the contact wheels 3 are rotatably connected to the connecting parts 1a one by one, and the axes of the contact wheels 3 are parallel; the sanding belt 2 surrounds all the contact wheels 3 and is supported and guided by the contact wheels 3; wherein, a sanding belt clearance area X is formed between adjacent connecting parts 1a, so that the sanding belt 2 between adjacent contact wheels 3 forms a flexible grinding part 2a; the contact wheels 3 protrude radially from the connecting parts 1a, so that the sanding belt 2 at the corresponding position forms a wheel-type grinding part 2b.

[0023] In this embodiment, the belt polishing device mounts the contact wheels 3 via connecting portions 1a extending from the bracket 1. The contact wheels 3 are respectively mounted on their corresponding connecting portions 1a via a rotatable connection, with their axes arranged in parallel, ensuring the stability and trajectory consistency of the sanding belt 2 during operation. The sanding belt 2 is fitted over the contact wheels 3 to polish the workpiece surface. Sufficient space is reserved between the connecting portions 1a to form a sanding belt clearance area X, allowing the sanding belt 2 section located between the two contact wheels 3 to extend in mid-air, forming a flexible grinding section 2a that can deform freely to a certain extent. In actual processing, the flexible grinding section 2a can conform to the workpiece surface contour, especially for areas with small curvature and limited space, such as the leading and trailing edges of aero-engine blades. It can achieve flexible, non-rigid interference-free polishing, effectively avoiding processing blind spots or surface damage caused by structural interference.

[0024] The contact wheel 3 protrudes radially from the connecting part 1a, allowing the abrasive belt 2 to form a stable, supported wheel-type grinding part 2b within the wheel's envelope area as it passes over the contact wheel 3. This part possesses high rigidity and contact pressure control capabilities, making it suitable for efficient polishing of the blade's center and gently curving areas, ensuring surface uniformity and roughness control accuracy. Through the synergistic effect of the flexible grinding part 2a and the wheel-type grinding part 2b, the same abrasive belt 2 system can exhibit different processing characteristics in different areas, satisfying both adaptability to complex curved surfaces and processing efficiency over large areas.

[0025] This structure is particularly suitable for machining parts such as aero-engine blades, which have complex three-dimensional curved surfaces, small-radius leading and trailing edges, and similar cross-sectional shapes. When polishing the blade, the suspended abrasive belt 2 in the middle can precisely fit the small-radius area of ​​the leading or trailing edge to achieve fine deburring and rounding; while the contact wheel 3 can simultaneously polish the main areas of the blade, such as the pressure surface and suction surface, uniformly, improving the overall machining efficiency.

[0026] Specifically, the contact wheel 3 is a rubber-coated wheel to prevent the sand belt 2 from rigidly contacting the blade and causing damage to the blade.

[0027] Example 2: Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions: The bracket 1 includes a mounting frame 11 and a fixing frame 12. A connecting part 1a is formed on the mounting frame 11, and the fixing frame 12 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 11.

[0028] The connecting part 1a is provided with a U-shaped groove 1aa, and also includes a rotating connecting assembly 4. The contact wheel 3 is connected to the U-shaped groove 1aa through the rotating connecting assembly 4. Rotary connection assembly 4 includes a hinge pin 41, a bearing 42, and a retaining ring 43; A mounting cavity 3a is formed inside the contact wheel 3, and the bearing 42 is disposed inside the mounting cavity 3a, with the outer ring of the bearing 42 fixedly connected to the mounting cavity 3a. A limiting boss B is formed on the inner wall of the U-shaped groove 1aa; the hinge pin 41 passes through the center hole of the bearing 42 and the connecting part 1a; the retaining ring 43 is fixedly connected to both ends of the hinge pin 41 and is located outside the connecting part 1a to limit the axial position of the hinge pin 41 relative to the connecting part 1a; the limiting boss B abuts against the inner ring of the bearing 42 to limit the axial position of the contact wheel 3.

[0029] In this embodiment, the U-shaped structure not only provides sufficient space to accommodate the tensioning and operation of the sanding belt 2, but also ensures stable axial parallelism between the contact wheels 3, thereby effectively preventing the sanding belt 2 from shifting or deviating during operation. The fixing frame 12 can be connected to an external device. Based on this structure, the space between the connecting parts 1a naturally forms the sanding belt clearance area X, allowing the portion of the sanding belt 2 located between the two contact wheels 3 to detach from the rigid support, forming a flexible grinding section 2a. This is suitable for compliant grinding and polishing of areas with small curvature and prone to interference, such as the leading and trailing edges of aero-engine blades. The design of the contact wheel 3 itself protruding radially from the connecting part 1a allows it to form a rigidly supported wheel-type grinding section 2b in the area wrapped by the sanding belt 2, which can be used for efficient polishing of the blade body area. The overall structural layout is reasonable, and the mechanical transmission path is clear, ensuring the stability of the sanding belt 2's operation while achieving multi-area differentiated grinding capabilities.

[0030] The U-shaped groove 1aa provides guidance and limiting space for the installation of the contact wheel 3, enabling the contact wheel 3 to be stably installed within a predetermined range and achieve precise axial positioning. The opening of the U-shaped groove 1aa faces outward, facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the rotating connection assembly 4 and improving maintenance efficiency. The rotating connection assembly 4 ensures the stability and reliability of the contact wheel 3 under high-speed operation.

[0031] Specifically, the contact wheel 3 has a mounting cavity 3a inside to accommodate the bearing 42 and enable its synchronous rotation with the contact wheel 3. The outer ring of the bearing 42 is firmly fixed in the mounting cavity 3a of the contact wheel 3 by interference fit or press fitting, so that there is no relative movement between the outer ring and the contact wheel 3, thereby ensuring effective power transmission. The inner ring of the bearing 42 is fitted on the hinge pin 41. The hinge pin 41 acts as a fixed shaft, passing through the entire U-shaped groove 1aa and through the central hole of the bearing 42, forming the rotation center of the contact wheel 3 around it. This allows the contact wheel 3 to rotate freely relative to the hinge pin 41, and the force is directly transmitted to the bracket 1 structure, avoiding frictional loss between the rotating parts and the supporting structure.

[0032] The inner wall of the U-shaped groove 1aa is provided with an annular or partially protruding limiting boss B. After assembly, the limiting boss B abuts against one end face of the inner ring of the bearing 42, playing an axial limiting role to prevent the contact wheel 3 from moving along the axis of the hinge pin 41 during operation, thus ensuring the positional stability of the sanding belt 2 during operation. At the same time, both ends of the hinge pin 41 extend outward from the outside of the connecting part 1a, and a retaining ring 43 is installed at the end. The retaining ring 43 is fixed to the end of the hinge pin 41 by elastic deformation, restricting the axial movement of the hinge pin 41 itself in the U-shaped groove 1aa and preventing it from loosening due to vibration or force.

[0033] Through the synergistic effect of the limiting boss B and the retaining ring 43, bidirectional axial constraint is achieved between the contact wheel 3 and the hinge pin 41: on the one hand, the retaining ring 43 restricts the axial displacement of the hinge pin 41, making it firmly fixed on the connecting part 1a; on the other hand, the limiting boss B restricts the inner ring of the bearing 42, thereby restricting the axial movement of the entire contact wheel 3, thus ensuring that the contact wheel 3 always maintains the correct working position during rotation. The dual limiting mechanism significantly improves the rigidity and stability of the entire rotating connection structure, effectively avoiding problems such as the sanding belt 2 shaking, deviation, or uneven wear caused by axial clearance.

[0034] Furthermore, this connection method employs a modular design, allowing all components to be disassembled and replaced individually. For example, when bearing 42 wears out due to long-term use, the entire contact wheel 3 assembly can be removed and replaced simply by removing the retaining ring 43 and pulling out the hinge pin 41, without needing to replace the entire bracket 1 or connecting part 1a, greatly reducing maintenance costs and downtime. Simultaneously, the structural design of the U-shaped groove 1aa and the limiting boss B facilitates alignment and positioning during assembly, improving overall assembly efficiency and consistency. Combining the functional advantages of the aforementioned flexible grinding part 2a and wheel-type grinding part 2b, this structure not only ensures highly adaptable grinding and polishing of the complex curved surfaces of aero-engine blades but also achieves long-term stable operation of the equipment under high-load conditions, demonstrating significant engineering application value and promising prospects for widespread adoption.

[0035] Bearing 42 and mounting cavity 3a are two corresponding sets.

[0036] The contact wheel 3 has two sets of symmetrically arranged mounting cavities 3a inside. Each set of mounting cavities 3a is distributed side by side along the axial direction of the contact wheel 3 at both ends of its inner hole. Two sets of bearings 42 are also configured to match them, and are installed in the corresponding mounting cavities 3a respectively. The double bearing 42 support structure significantly enhances the radial stiffness and bending resistance of the contact wheel 3 during high-speed rotation, effectively suppressing axial deflection and vibration caused by uneven force on one side or fluctuations in the tension of the abrasive belt 2, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the abrasive belt 2 and the consistency of the machined surface.

[0037] Thanks to the symmetrical arrangement of two sets of bearings 42, the contact wheel 3 experiences more uniform force, and the support span is optimized, significantly improving rotational accuracy and service life. Especially when polishing parts requiring high surface quality, such as aero-engine blades, it effectively reduces surface ripples, scratches, and other defects caused by contact wheel 3 wobble or eccentricity. Simultaneously, the dual-bearing structure 42 can better withstand the radial pressure of the abrasive belt 2 under tension and the dynamic loads generated during polishing, improving the stability and durability of the entire polishing system.

[0038] Overall, by setting up a structure with two sets of bearings 42 cooperating with two sets of mounting cavities 3a, not only is the support rigidity and rotational accuracy of the contact wheel 3 enhanced, but the service life of key components is also extended, reducing the failure rate. Combined with the detachable hinge pin 41, retaining ring 43, and U-groove 1aa structure, both the bearings 42 and the contact wheel 3 can be replaced independently without disassembling the entire bracket 1, significantly improving the maintainability and economic efficiency of the equipment. This makes it particularly suitable for automated polishing scenarios involving long-term, high-frequency operations. Example 3: Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions: The outer diameter of the contact wheel 3 is different to form wheel-type grinding parts 2b of various sizes and models.

[0039] In this embodiment, the contact wheels 3 are designed with different outer diameters, so that the arc-shaped wheel-type grinding sections 2b formed by them when wrapped with the abrasive belt 2 have different diameter dimensions, thereby constituting processing contact surfaces of various specifications. This differentiated outer diameter structure gives the polishing mechanism the ability to perform multi-scale processing on the same device. Specifically, the wheel-type grinding section 2b formed by the contact wheel 3 with a larger outer diameter has a larger contact area, which can provide stronger material removal capability and higher polishing efficiency when facing relatively flat or gently curvatured areas such as the main body of aero-engine blades; while the wheel-type grinding section 2b formed by the contact wheel 3 with a smaller outer diameter has a smaller profile size and stronger spatial adaptability, which is suitable for fine grinding of local grooves, root transition areas or other space-constrained areas of blades, avoiding the problem of non-contact due to structural interference.

[0040] Despite the different outer diameters of the contact wheels 3, a smooth transition of the sanding belt 2 during operation can still be ensured through a reasonable design of the tension path of the sanding belt 2 and the installation position of the contact wheels 3. The suspended section of the sanding belt 2 between the two wheels can still form a flexible grinding section 2a, which is used to conform to the small-radius curved surfaces of the leading or trailing edges of the blades, achieving flexible, interference-free polishing. Therefore, this structure not only retains the function of the original free grinding area but also expands the processing range and process adaptability through the synergistic effect of the dual-size wheel-type grinding sections 2b.

[0041] Specifically, the U-shaped groove 1aa can be made long enough to accommodate contact wheels 3 of various diameters, and multiple connecting holes for the hinge pins 41 to pass through are opened on the connecting part. For contact wheels 3 of corresponding diameters, a rotational connection relationship is established with the connecting part 1a through the connecting holes at corresponding positions using the hinge pins. This can enhance the flexibility of the polishing device and its adaptability to contact wheels 3 of different diameters.

[0042] Example 4: Reference Figure 6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions: The span of the connecting part 1a is adjustable to form flexible polishing parts 2a of different lengths and shapes.

[0043] In this embodiment, the span between the connecting parts 1a is designed as an adjustable structure, allowing the center distance between the contact wheels 3 mounted thereon to be dynamically adjusted according to actual processing requirements. This adjustment function is achieved by changing the relative position of the connecting parts 1a on the mounting bracket 11.

[0044] When the span of the connecting part 1a increases, the suspended length of the abrasive belt 2 in the middle region also increases, resulting in a longer flexible grinding part 2a with stronger flexible deformation capabilities. This allows it to conform to workpiece surfaces with long curved transition areas or small curvatures, such as the large arc-shaped area between the leading and trailing edges of an aero-engine blade, achieving continuous, smooth, and rigid-interference-free polishing. Conversely, when the span decreases, the length of the flexible grinding part 2a shortens accordingly, reducing the amount of sag in the middle of the abrasive belt 2 and increasing overall rigidity. This makes it suitable for precise and concentrated flexible grinding of small-sized, low-curvature local areas, avoiding vibration or unstable contact caused by an excessively long abrasive belt 2.

[0045] This adjustable span structure further enhances the process adaptability and operational flexibility of the polishing mechanism. For blades with different lengths or workpieces with varying curvature distributions, the optimal polishing configuration can be quickly matched simply by adjusting the spacing of the connecting part 1a, without needing to replace the entire polishing head, thus meeting the needs of multi-variety, small-batch, or customized production. Simultaneously, combined with the coordinated adjustment of the tension of the two abrasive belts, the contact pressure and deformation characteristics of the flexible polishing part 2a can be further optimized, achieving precise control over key parameters such as surface roughness and corner radius.

[0046] Furthermore, this adjustment mechanism complements the aforementioned double-outer-diameter contact wheel 3, double-bearing support 42, and modular connection structure, jointly constructing an intelligent polishing unit that integrates flexible fit, multi-scale processing, high stability, and ease of maintenance. In automated production lines or robotic end-effector applications, this adjustable span function can also be linked with force control systems or offline programming systems to achieve adaptive polishing path planning and real-time contact force adjustment, further improving processing accuracy and consistency. Overall, the adjustable span design not only enhances the equipment's adaptability to complex geometric features but also significantly improves its application value and engineering practicality in the field of high-end precision manufacturing.

[0047] The connecting part 1a and the contact wheel 3 are configured as two corresponding parts. The mounting frame 11 includes a movable section 111 and a fixed section 112, on which the connecting part 1a is formed. The movable section 111 and the fixed section 112 are slidably connected with a limit along the span direction of the two connecting parts 1a. The mounting frame 11 also includes an adjustment assembly 113, which is adapted to adjust the position of the movable section 111 relative to the fixed section 112 with a limit. The adjustment assembly 113 includes a motor 1131, a lead screw 1132 and a nut 1133. The motor 1131 is fixedly connected to the fixed section 112, the nut 1133 is fixedly connected to the movable section 111, and the lead screw 1132 and the nut 1133 are threadedly connected.

[0048] The movable section 111 and the fixed section 112 are connected by a sliding fit along the span direction between the two connecting parts 1a, forming a relatively movable structural unit. The fixed section 112 serves as the basic support, connected to the fixed frame 12 and ultimately integrated into the external device; the movable section 111 supports one of the connecting parts 1a and can slide relative to the fixed section 112 along the span direction, thereby changing its distance from the other connecting part 1a. This sliding connection structure can be achieved through guide rails and sliders, ensuring that the movable section 111 maintains good straightness and stability during movement, avoiding motion jamming or misalignment of the contact wheel 3 axis due to uneven loading or tilting.

[0049] The adjusting assembly 113 includes a motor 1131, a lead screw 1132, and a nut 1133. The motor 1131, acting as the drive source, is fixedly mounted on the fixed section 112. Its output shaft is directly connected to the lead screw 1132 or via a coupling, driving the lead screw 1132 to rotate around its own axis. The nut 1133 is fixed on the movable section 111 and forms a threaded engagement with the lead screw 1132. When the motor 1131 starts, the lead screw 1132 rotates. Because the nut 1133 is restricted to the movable section 111 and cannot rotate with the shaft, it can only move axially along the lead screw 1132, thereby pushing the movable section 111 to produce a translational motion relative to the fixed section 112. By controlling the rotation direction and angle of the motor 1131, the extension or retraction amount of the movable section 111 can be precisely adjusted, thus achieving stepless adjustment of the center distance between the two contact wheels 3.

[0050] During the adjustment process, the threaded pair of the lead screw 1132 and nut 1133 has a self-locking characteristic or is used in conjunction with the brake motor 1131, which can maintain a stable position after adjustment and resist disturbances caused by the tension of the sanding belt 2 and the processing reaction force. At the same time, the system can introduce a position sensor or encoder to provide feedback on the actual displacement, forming a closed-loop control to ensure the repeatability and consistency of the span adjustment.

[0051] Example 5: In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions: It also includes a contact wheel (not shown in the diagram), which is rotatably connected to the bracket 1 and corresponds to the sanding belt clearance area X position. The axis of the contact wheel is parallel to that of the contact wheel 3. When the sanding belt 2 shifts towards the sanding belt clearance area X and reaches the threshold, the contact wheel abuts against the back of the sanding belt 2.

[0052] In this embodiment, the abutment wheel is mounted on the bracket 1 by a rotating connection to ensure that the sanding belt 2 is subjected to uniform force when in contact with the abutment wheel, and to avoid twisting or local wear caused by angular deviation.

[0053] The abutment wheel is not actively driven but acts as a passive support wheel, only intervening when the sanding belt 2 deviates to a certain extent. Under normal operating conditions, the sanding belt 2 remains on the preset running trajectory under tension and guidance, with the middle section in a free-hanging state, forming a flexible grinding area. At this time, a small gap remains between the abutment wheel and the sanding belt 2, and no contact occurs, thus not affecting the natural adhesion ability of the sanding belt 2. However, when the sanding belt 2 deviates excessively towards the inner side of the sanding belt clearance area X due to factors such as tension fluctuations, uneven external processing reaction forces, installation errors, or fatigue deformation caused by long-term use, and reaches the preset deviation threshold, the outer peripheral surface of the abutment wheel will come into contact with the back side of the sanding belt 2, that is, the non-working surface, the side facing away from the workpiece.

[0054] Once in contact, the abutment wheel provides a reverse support force, limiting the sanding belt 2 from further inward displacement and preventing it from rubbing against the bracket 1 structure. This avoids malfunctions such as tearing, misalignment, or even breakage of the sanding belt 2. Simultaneously, the rotational characteristics of the abutment wheel allow it to rotate synchronously with the movement of the sanding belt 2 after contact, converting sliding friction into rolling friction. This significantly reduces frictional resistance and heat accumulation, minimizing damage to the back of the sanding belt 2 and extending its service life.

[0055] The placement of the abutment wheel effectively enhances the fault tolerance and operational reliability of the sanding belt 2 system without affecting the free contact grinding function. Especially during continuous grinding and polishing of complex curved surfaces, the surface reaction force of the workpiece may change dynamically, causing instantaneous uneven force on the sanding belt 2. At this time, the abutment wheel plays a "safety threshold" protective role, ensuring that the sanding belt 2 always swings within a safe range, maintaining the adaptability of flexible grinding while avoiding processing interruptions or equipment damage caused by uncontrolled deviation.

[0056] Furthermore, the mounting position of the abutment wheel can be designed as an adjustable structure, for example, by using a groove or adjusting screw to achieve fine adjustments in height or forward / backward position, so as to set appropriate trigger thresholds according to different sanding belt widths, tension levels, or process requirements, thereby improving the system's process adaptability. The abutment wheel itself can also be made of materials such as wear-resistant rubber, polyurethane, or engineering plastics, taking into account both elasticity and wear resistance, providing effective support while avoiding hard damage to the sanding belt.

[0057] In summary, by introducing parallel and corresponding contact wheels, this polishing mechanism achieves intelligent limiting and passive protection of the free-suspension section of the sand belt 2, enhancing the stability and safety of the system under dynamic working conditions, and further ensuring the continuity, consistency and processing quality of high-precision parts such as aero-engine blades in the automated grinding and polishing process.

[0058] Example 6: In addition to providing a blade polishing system, the embodiments of this utility model include the belt polishing device in any of the above embodiments, and also include a frame and a drive wheel and a tension wheel rotatably connected to the frame. The drive wheel can drive the belt 2 to rotate, and the tension wheel can tension and guide the belt 2. The bracket 1 is fixedly connected to the frame. The flexible grinding part 2a is suitable for grinding the thin edge of the blade, and the wheel grinding part 2b is suitable for grinding the extended surface of the blade.

[0059] The device uses a frame as its basic platform. Both the drive wheel and the tension wheel are rotatably connected to the frame via bearings 42, forming the power and tensioning system for the cyclic operation of the sanding belt 2. The drive wheel is driven by an external motor 1131, which drives the sanding belt 2 to rotate through friction. The tension wheel is mounted on the frame via an adjustable linkage or elastic mechanism, which can apply and adjust the preset tension to ensure that the sanding belt 2 maintains stable tension during operation, preventing slack, slippage, or deviation. It also provides auxiliary guidance for the direction of the sanding belt 2.

[0060] The bracket 1 of the belt polishing device is rigidly connected to the frame via a fixing bracket 12, and its position is precisely fixed, placing the wheel-type grinding section 2b formed by the contact wheels 3 and the flexible grinding section 2a in the key area of ​​the working section of the belt 2. In this layout, the working surface of the belt 2 passes sequentially through the drive wheel zone and the tension wheel adjustment zone, forming specific functional zones in the bracket 1 area: the flexible grinding section 2a, located between the two contact wheels 3, is suspended in the belt clearance zone X, without rigid support, possessing excellent flexibility and adaptability. It is particularly suitable for non-interference, close-fitting polishing of areas with small curvature and minimal thickness, such as the thin edges, leading edges, and trailing edges of blades. This part of the belt 2 can naturally bend and deform with the contour when contacting the workpiece, avoiding edge chipping or over-polishing caused by the direct action of the rigid contact wheels 3, achieving high-precision rounded corner treatment and deburring effects.

[0061] Meanwhile, the contact wheel 3 forms a rigidly supported wheel-type grinding section 2b in the area wrapped by the abrasive belt 2. These areas have high tension of the abrasive belt 2 and controllable contact pressure, making them suitable for efficient and uniform polishing of the blade body's extended surface. Especially when the outer diameter of the contact wheel 3 varies, it can be selectively used for surface areas with different curvature characteristics, further enhancing processing adaptability.

[0062] The flexible grinding section 2a and the wheel-type grinding section 2b work together in the same sanding belt 2 loop, enabling the device to complete the entire process from thin edge finishing to large-area surface polishing in a single clamping or continuous path, significantly improving efficiency and surface consistency. Meanwhile, the modular structure of the entire machine allows key components such as the contact wheel 3, bearing 42, and sanding belt 2 to be replaced independently. Combined with adjustable span, electric adjustment, and a contact wheel protection mechanism, the equipment possesses excellent maintainability, process flexibility, and intelligent potential, making it particularly suitable for the precision surface treatment needs of high-value-added complex curved surface parts such as aero-engine blades and turbine blades.

[0063] It can be understood that, except for conflicting parts, the above embodiments 1-6 can be freely combined to form other embodiments of this utility model.

[0064] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0065] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0067] The term "comprising" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to those processes, articles, or apparatus / devices.

[0068] The technical solution of this utility model has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of this utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A belt polishing device, characterized in that: It includes a bracket (1), a sanding belt (2) and multiple contact wheels (3); multiple connecting parts (1a) extend from the bracket (1), and the contact wheels (3) are rotatably connected to the connecting parts (1a) one by one, and the axes of the contact wheels (3) are parallel; the sanding belt (2) surrounds all the contact wheels (3) and is supported and guided by the contact wheels (3); Among them, a sanding belt clearance area (X) is formed between adjacent connecting parts (1a) so that the sanding belt (2) between adjacent contact wheels (3) forms a flexible grinding part (2a); the contact wheel (3) protrudes radially from the connecting part (1a) so that the sanding belt (2) at the corresponding position forms a wheel-type grinding part (2b).

2. The belt polishing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (1) includes a mounting bracket (11) and a fixing bracket (12). The connecting part (1a) is formed on the mounting bracket (11), and the fixing bracket (12) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (11).

3. The belt polishing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting part (1a) is provided with a U-shaped groove (1aa), and the sand belt polishing device also includes a rotating connecting assembly (4). The contact wheel (3) is connected to the U-shaped groove (1aa) through the rotating connecting assembly (4). The rotating connection assembly (4) includes a hinge pin (41), a bearing (42), and a retaining ring (43). The contact wheel (3) forms a mounting cavity (3a), the bearing (42) is disposed in the mounting cavity (3a), and the outer ring of the bearing (42) is fixedly connected to the mounting cavity (3a); A limiting boss (B) is formed on the inner wall of the U-shaped groove (1aa); the hinge pin (41) passes through the center hole of the bearing (42) and the connecting part (1a); the retaining ring (43) is fixedly connected to both ends of the hinge pin (41) and is located outside the connecting part (1a) to limit the axial position of the hinge pin (41) relative to the connecting part (1a); the limiting boss (B) abuts against the inner ring of the bearing (42) to limit the axial position of the contact wheel (3).

4. The belt polishing apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The bearing (42) and the mounting cavity (3a) are two corresponding sets.

5. The belt polishing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameters of the contact wheels (3) are different to form the wheel-type grinding section (2b) of various sizes.

6. The belt polishing apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The span between adjacent connecting portions (1a) is adjustable to form flexible polishing portions (2a) of different lengths and shapes.

7. The belt polishing apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting part (1a) and the contact wheel (3) are configured as two corresponding parts. The mounting bracket (11) includes a movable section (111) and a fixed section (112), both of which have the connecting part (1a) formed on them. The movable section (111) and the fixed section (112) are connected by a limited sliding connection along the span direction of the two connecting parts (1a).

8. The belt polishing apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (11) also includes an adjustment assembly (113) adapted to limit the position of the movable segment (111) relative to the fixed segment (112); The adjustment assembly (113) includes a motor (1131), a lead screw (1132), and a nut (1133). The motor (1131) is fixedly connected to the fixed section (112), and the nut (1133) is fixedly connected to the movable section (111). The lead screw (1132) and the nut (1133) are threaded together.

9. A blade polishing system, characterized in that: The belt polishing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-8 further includes a frame and a drive wheel and a tension wheel rotatably connected to the frame. The drive wheel is capable of driving the belt (2) to rotate, and the tension wheel is capable of tensioning and guiding the belt (2). The bracket (1) is fixedly connected to the frame. The flexible grinding part (2a) is adapted to grind the thin edge of the blade, and the wheel-type grinding part (2b) is adapted to grind the extended surface of the blade.

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