A grinding stone loading and unloading device and rail grinding equipment

Abstract

This utility model discloses a grinding stone loading and unloading device and a rail grinding equipment, belonging to the technical field of rail maintenance equipment. It includes an outer frame, a tie rod mechanism, and a hook locking mechanism. Two sets of hook locking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged longitudinally within the outer frame. Each hook locking mechanism has a rotatable hook. The tie rod mechanism is used to fix the grinding stone and corresponds to and works in conjunction with the hook locking mechanisms. When the grinding stone is lifted and moved into the outer frame, the tie rod mechanism pushes the hook to rotate. After the hook engages the tie rod mechanism, the hook locking mechanism automatically locks itself by its own weight. This utility model's grinding stone loading and unloading device and rail grinding equipment solve the problems of cumbersome and laborious disassembly and assembly, low efficiency, and easy locking failure of traditional grinding stone systems. It achieves tool-free one-step disassembly and assembly, is suitable for confined spaces, and is equipped with emergency manual unlocking. Simultaneously, the pressure-bearing mechanism independently bears the grinding pressure, separating the forces on each component, thus improving operational stability and service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of track maintenance equipment technology, specifically a grinding stone loading and unloading device and a rail grinding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Rail grinding is a core procedure in the daily maintenance of rail transit lines. Long-term train operation causes damage to the rail heads, such as corrugation, thickening, abrasions, and cracks. If not repaired promptly, this damage will exacerbate wheel-rail vibration, increase train noise, and in severe cases, lead to rail breakage and train derailment. Rail grinding relies on grinding machinery equipped with grinding stones to cut the rail surface at high speed. During the operation, the grinding stones continuously rub against the rail, wearing down to their limit and requiring rapid replacement. A single grinding machine needs to complete dozens of grinding stone installations and removals per day, and the efficiency of grinding stone replacement directly determines the overall progress of track maintenance.

[0003] Currently, most mainstream rail grinding equipment uses bolt-tightening fixing structures for grinding stones. During replacement, operators need to carry specialized tools such as sockets and wrenches, lift the grinding stone, align it, insert and tighten multiple sets of bolts to complete the installation. Disassembly requires loosening all bolts in reverse and removing the pressure plate to take out the grinding stone. This entire replacement and disassembly process has many practical drawbacks. First, the grinding stone installation area is cramped; the frame, guard, and transmission components encroach on the operating space, making it difficult for operators to lift the grinding stone while simultaneously tightening the fasteners. The grinding stones are made of a composite material of sand and gravel, making them heavy and requiring two people to complete the disassembly and assembly, resulting in high labor costs. Furthermore, multiple sets of specialized tools must be carried on-site; in harsh outdoor rail working environments, tools are prone to rust and loss, increasing equipment maintenance and on-site management costs. Second, traditional bolts must bear the entire grinding force and lateral impact load; long-term high-frequency vibration can easily cause bolt loosening, stripping, and thread deformation. When the bolt preload decreases, the grinding stone will shift and wobble, making it difficult to guarantee grinding accuracy. In extreme cases, the grinding stone may even fall off, posing safety hazards such as equipment damage and personnel injury. To prevent loosening, construction workers often tighten bolts to excessive torque, accelerating wear on the thread structure, increasing the frequency of fastener replacement, and further increasing track maintenance costs. Moreover, the bolt installation and removal process is lengthy, involving multiple steps such as lifting and alignment, bolt insertion and tightening, and bolt loosening and removal, resulting in a long time consumption for each grinding stone replacement. Track maintenance can only utilize limited nighttime maintenance windows, with a significant amount of time consumed in grinding stone replacement, compressing effective grinding time. This prevents some lines from completing maintenance work on time, delaying construction plans.

[0004] Existing simple quick-release devices mostly rely on spring clamps or eccentric locks, depending on spring force for locking. Long-term vibration can cause spring fatigue and breakage, resulting in a significant risk of locking failure. These structures lack an emergency manual unlocking mechanism; if the spring fails, the entire machine must be disassembled to remove the grinding stone, leading to inefficient troubleshooting. Furthermore, the locking components directly bear the heavy grinding load, making them prone to deformation and jamming, and unsuitable for the harsh working conditions of heavy-load, continuous vibration during rail grinding. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a quick-release device for grinding stones that is adaptable to confined working spaces, requires no special tools, can automatically lock in one step, has a reasonable force distribution, and includes an emergency manual unlocking function. This device would solve a series of problems associated with traditional bolt-fastened structures, such as cumbersome assembly and disassembly, high labor intensity, poor locking reliability, and significant safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by providing a grinding stone loading and unloading device and rail grinding equipment. This solves the problems of cumbersome and laborious disassembly and assembly, low efficiency, and easy lock failure in traditional grinding stone systems. It achieves tool-free, one-step disassembly and assembly, is suitable for confined spaces, and is equipped with an emergency manual unlocking mechanism. Simultaneously, a pressure-bearing mechanism independently bears the grinding pressure, separating the stress on each component, reducing operational intensity and maintenance costs, and improving operational stability, safety, and service life. To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A grinding stone loading and unloading device includes an outer frame, a pull rod mechanism, and a hook locking mechanism. Two sets of hook locking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal direction within the outer frame. Each hook locking mechanism has a rotatable hook. The pull rod mechanism is used to fix the grinding stone to the outer frame and corresponds to and works in conjunction with the hook locking mechanisms. When the grinding stone is lifted and moved into the outer frame, the pull rod mechanism pushes the hook to rotate. After the hook encircles and engages the pull rod mechanism, the hook locking mechanism automatically locks itself by its own weight.

[0006] Furthermore, the hook tongue locking mechanism includes a hook tongue, a central rod, and an elastic reset component; two mounting seats are symmetrically arranged along the transverse direction on the top plate inside the outer frame; a rotatable central rod is provided between the two mounting seats; a hook tongue is fixed on the central rod; the hook groove of the hook tongue is initially inclined downward; an elastic reset component is provided on the central rod for resetting the hook tongue after rotation.

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic reset component includes two torsion springs; each torsion spring is provided on the central rod on both sides of the hook tongue; the two ends of the torsion springs abut against the mounting base and the hook tongue, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the central rod is provided with an external hexagonal flat opening, and the other end is provided with a limiting member.

[0009] Furthermore, the hook tongue locking mechanism also includes a locking pin; a locking hole is provided on the top plate of the outer frame corresponding to the hook tongue; a locking pin that can move up and down is provided in the locking hole; in the initial state, one side of the bottom end of the locking pin abuts against the back of the hook tongue, and after falling down, the locking pin falls into the outer frame and is tightly pressed against the back of the hook tongue.

[0010] Furthermore, both ends of the locking pin are provided with limit blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, the pull rod mechanism includes a connecting rod and two seat plates; the two seat plates are arranged laterally on the top surface of the grinding stone; a connecting rod is fixed between the two seat plates; the connecting rod is correspondingly engaged with the hook groove of the hook tongue.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure-bearing seat; the pressure-bearing seat is fixed on the top plate inside the outer frame; after the hook-tongue locking mechanism encircles and engages the pull rod mechanism, the pressure-bearing seat is located between the two pull rod mechanisms, and the grinding stone abuts against the pressure-bearing seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer frame is a rectangular structure with an opening facing downwards; the inner cavity size of the outer frame is larger than the size of the grinding stone.

[0014] A rail grinding device includes a grinding device and the aforementioned grinding stone loading and unloading device; the outer frame of the grinding stone loading and unloading device is fixedly installed on the grinding device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: The grinding stone loading and unloading device and rail grinding equipment of this utility model solve the problems of cumbersome and laborious disassembly and assembly, low efficiency and easy failure of traditional grinding stone, realize tool-free one-step disassembly and assembly, adapt to narrow space and equipped with emergency manual unlocking. At the same time, the pressure bearing mechanism independently bears the grinding pressure and separates the force of each component, reducing the operation intensity and maintenance cost, and improving the stability, safety and service life of operation. (1) The hook tongue rotates and locks with the locking pin. The structure is compact and adaptable to narrow working space. Only the lifting action is needed to complete the installation and locking of the grinding stone. There is no need for manual positioning and locking, which simplifies the grinding stone replacement operation procedure, greatly reduces the difficulty and labor intensity of manual operation, and greatly improves the efficiency of grinding stone disassembly and replacement, meeting the operation needs of high frequency replacement of grinding stone wear. Relying on the mechanical linkage structure, there is no need to rely on auxiliary tools to complete the disassembly and assembly operation, which reduces the equipment operation and maintenance cost and the cost of carrying and managing tools on site. Meanwhile, the manual unlocking design ensures that loading and unloading operations can be completed even if the mechanism fails; (2) The device effectively optimizes the overall stress state by configuring a pressure seat. During grinding operations, the pressure seat bears the positive pressure of the operation, the outer frame bears the lateral force, and the hook tongue locking mechanism and the pull rod mechanism only bear the weight of the grinding stone itself, avoiding deformation and loosening problems caused by heavy impact, improving the overall stability and safety of the device, and extending the service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grinding stone loading and unloading device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the grinding stone loading and unloading device of this utility model, omitting the outer frame; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the connecting rod of this utility model starting to contact the hook tongue; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the hook tongue ring after it engages with the connecting rod of this utility model; In the attached diagram: 1-outer frame, 2-hook tongue, 3-center rod, 4-mounting seat, 5-torsion spring, 6-outer hexagonal flat opening, 7-locking pin, 8-limiting block, 9-connecting rod, 10-seat plate, 11-pressure bearing seat, 12-grinding stone. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0018] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also mean including the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0019] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0020] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. The meaning of such spatial relative terms includes different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0021] Example 1 See attached Figures 1-4This utility model discloses a grinding stone loading and unloading device, including an outer frame 1, a pull rod mechanism, a hook locking mechanism, and a pressure seat 11. The outer frame 1 is a rectangular structure with an opening facing downwards. Its inner cavity size is larger than the size of the grinding stone 12 and matches the grinding stone 12, forming an assembly area for the grinding stone 12. This allows the grinding stone 12 to smoothly enter and exit the outer frame 1, where the hook locking mechanism performs a circumferential locking installation. The outer frame 1 serves as the overall load-bearing base, providing installation reference and assembly space for the other structures. Two sets of hook locking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged longitudinally inside the outer frame 1. Each hook locking mechanism is equipped with a rotatable hook, which is the functional part for docking and limiting the pull rod mechanism. The hook locking mechanism relies on rotation to achieve circumferential locking of the pull rod mechanism. The pull rod mechanism, as the transmission docking component between the grinding stone 12 and the hook locking mechanism, is fixedly mounted on the top of the grinding stone 12 and corresponds one-to-one with the two sets of hook locking mechanisms to achieve linkage transmission between the two. During the installation of the grinding stone 12, the operator lifts it from bottom to top and inserts it into the outer frame 1. Simultaneously, the moving pull rod mechanism contacts the locking hook and applies a pushing force, driving the locking hook to rotate. Once the locking hook is in position, it engages the pull rod mechanism, completing the positioning. At the same time, the hook locking mechanism automatically locks itself by its own weight without manual intervention, locking the rotation angle of the locking hook and stabilizing the pull rod mechanism. This completes the fixed installation of the grinding stone 12 in one operation. The entire installation process—including linkage, engagement, and locking—requires only the single action of lifting the grinding stone 12, eliminating the need for additional manual alignment and tightening. Furthermore, the entire device is equipped with two sets of hook locking mechanisms and corresponding pull rod mechanisms to simultaneously engage and constrain the grinding stone 12 from both sides, ensuring balanced force on the grinding stone 12 after installation and preventing tilting or swaying caused by unilateral engagement.

[0022] Specifically, the hook-latch locking mechanism includes a hook 2, a central rod 3, and an elastic reset component. Two mounting seats 4 are symmetrically fixed laterally on the top plate inside the outer frame 1. A central rod 3, capable of rotating around its own axis, passes between the two mounting seats 4. The central rod 3 rotatably engages with the mounting seats 4. The hook 2 is fixedly mounted on the body of the central rod 3. The hook 2 is the latching hook of the hook-latch locking mechanism, serving as the functional part for docking and limiting the movement with the pull rod mechanism. The specific structure of the hook 2 is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 Appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4As shown, the hook tongue 2 has a hook groove, the length of one side wall of the hook groove is greater than the length of the other side wall. When the hook tongue 2 is assembled onto the central rod 3, i.e., in the initial state of assembly without the grinding stone 12, the hook groove of the hook tongue 2 is inclined downward, with the relatively longer side wall of the hook groove located on top, which facilitates the application of a pushing force after the pull rod mechanism contacts it. The hook tongue 2 can be fixed by installing a set screw at the middle of the top of the hook tongue 2 and locking it to the central rod 3, so that the hook tongue 2 can rotate synchronously with the central rod 3. The central rod 3 is also provided with an elastic reset component, which includes two torsion springs 5. The two torsion springs 5 ​​are respectively sleeved on the central rod 3 on the left and right sides of the hook tongue 2. One end of the torsion spring 5 abuts against the side wall of the corresponding mounting seat 4, and the other end abuts against the side wall of the hook tongue 2. The torsion spring 5 continuously applies rotational elastic force to the hook tongue 2, maintaining the hook groove tilted downwards in the initial state of the assembly without the abrasive stone 12. The hook tongue 2 rotates due to the external force overcoming the rotational elastic force of the torsion spring 5. The torsion spring 5 undergoes elastic deformation and accumulates rebound force. After unlocking, the hook tongue 2 automatically returns to the initial state of the assembly without the abrasive stone 12 by relying on the elastic force of the torsion spring 5. In addition, an external hexagonal flat opening 6 is machined at one end of the center rod 3, which can be used with a socket wrench to clamp and rotate. A limiting component is installed at the other end, which prevents the center rod 3 from detaching from the mounting base 4 axially, thus achieving axial limitation of the center rod 3. The limiting component can be a B-shaped pin. When the torsion spring 5 ages and loses its elasticity and cannot automatically reset, the operator can use a socket wrench to rotate the external hexagonal flat opening 6, which will drive the center rod 3 and the hook tongue 2 to rotate synchronously, and manually complete the emergency unlocking and disassembly.

[0023] Specifically, the hook-tongue locking mechanism also includes a locking pin 7. A locking hole is provided on the top plate of the outer frame 1, directly above the rotation path of the hook tongue 2, so that when the locking pin 7 falls from the locking hole, the locking pin 7 inside the outer frame 1 can be pressed tightly against the back of the hook tongue 2. The locking pin 7, which can slide up and down, is installed inside the locking hole. Limiting blocks 8 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the locking pin 7. The upper limiting block 8 limits the maximum position of the locking pin 7 when it falls, and the lower limiting block 8 prevents the locking pin 7 from falling out of the locking hole as a whole. In the initial state without the grinding stone 12, one side of the bottom end of the locking pin 7 abuts against the back of the hook tongue 2, and the rotation of the hook tongue 2 is not restricted at this time. The side of the locking pin 7 facing the back of the hook tongue 2 can be set as a plane, and the bottom limiting block 8 is flush with this plane. When the locking pin 7 falls into the outer frame 1, the part that falls into it makes surface contact with the back of the hook tongue 2, which is better pressed tightly against the back of the hook tongue 2, and the locking is more stable. When the pull rod mechanism applies a pushing force to the hook tongue 2, the hook tongue 2 rotates, and the hook groove of the hook tongue 2 engages with the pull rod mechanism. Simultaneously, the locking pin 7 moves downwards along the back of the hook tongue 2 and into the outer frame 1 under the influence of gravity. When the hook groove of the hook tongue 2 rotates to a horizontal position and the back of the hook tongue 2 becomes vertical, the locking pin 7 falls completely into the outer frame 1, and the locking pin 7 is pressed tightly against the back of the hook tongue 2, thus locking the hook tongue 2, stabilizing and restricting the pull rod mechanism, and achieving automatic locking and positioning. The locking pin 7 falls automatically with the rotation of the hook tongue 2 due to its own weight, and under its own weight, it remains pressed tightly against the back of the hook tongue 2, achieving stable locking. During grinding vibrations, it will not loosen like a bolted connection, making the locking stable and reliable. When it is necessary to remove the grinding stone 12, simply lift the locking pin 7 upwards to unlock it, and then rotate the hook tongue 2 in the opposite direction.

[0024] Specifically, the pull rod mechanism includes two seat plates 10 and a connecting rod 9. The two seat plates 10 are fixed to the top surface of the grinding stone 12 by bolts along the transverse direction. The connecting rod 9 is horizontally supported between the two seat plates 10 and fixed in place. The position of the connecting rod 9 on the top surface of the grinding stone 12 corresponds to the position of the hook groove of the hook tongue 2. During installation, the connecting rod 9 can be embedded into the hook groove of the hook tongue 2, forming a fit with the hook tongue 2. When installing the grinding stone 12, the operator lifts the grinding stone 12 from bottom to top, driving the pull rod mechanism to move as a whole into the inner cavity of the outer frame 1. After the connecting rod 9 contacts the relatively long side wall of the hook groove, it pushes the hook tongue 2 upward, overcoming the elastic force of the torsion spring 5 to drive the hook tongue 2 to rotate around the central rod 3. The hook groove gradually wraps around and locks the connecting rod 9. At the same time, the back of the hook tongue 2 avoids the bottom end of the locking pin 7. Under the action of gravity, the locking pin 7 automatically falls until it falls completely into the outer frame 1. Under its own weight, it can stay close to the back of the hook tongue 2 to prevent the hook tongue 2 from rotating in the opposite direction.

[0025] Specifically, a pressure-bearing seat 11 is fixedly installed at the center of the top plate inside the outer frame 1. When the hook tongue 2 encircles and engages the connecting rod 9, the pressure-bearing seat 11 is located between the two sets of tie rod mechanisms, and the top surface of the grinding stone 12 directly contacts the bottom surface of the pressure-bearing seat 11. During the rail grinding operation, all grinding cutting pressure is borne solely by the pressure-bearing seat 11. The hook tongue 2, center rod 3, locking pin 7, and tie rod mechanism only bear the weight of the grinding stone 12 itself. A safety gap is reserved between each component and the pressure-bearing seat 11, so the grinding impact load will not be transmitted to the hook tongue locking mechanism, effectively avoiding deformation under pressure, loosening and jamming, and improving the operational stability and service life of the entire device.

[0026] The working process of the grinding stone loading and unloading device of this utility model: Initial state (i.e., without the grinding stone 12 installed): The hook groove of the hook tongue 2 is kept tilted downward under the elastic force of the torsion spring 5, facing the direction of the connecting rod 9 on the grinding stone 12. The bottom end of the locking pin 7 rests against the back of the hook tongue 2 under its own weight.

[0027] Installation process: The operator lifts the grinding stone 12 upwards, and the connecting rod 9 rises along with the grinding stone 12. When the connecting rod 9 rises to contact the longer side wall of the hook groove, as shown in the attached... Figure 3 The connecting rod 9 pushes the hook groove against the longer side wall, causing the hook tongue 2 to rotate around the central rod 3 towards the pressure seat 11. That is, the left hook tongue 2 rotates counterclockwise, and the right hook tongue 2 rotates clockwise. As the hook tongue 2 rotates, the back of the hook tongue 2 gradually rotates vertically, and the locking pin 7, which was originally against the back of the hook tongue 2, moves downward under the action of gravity. When the hook tongue 2 rotates to a certain angle (that is, the hook groove rotates to a horizontal or near-horizontal position, and the connecting rod 9 is fully embedded in the hook groove), the locking pin 7 automatically falls into the outer frame 1 under its own weight, and remains firmly against the back of the hook tongue 2 for stable locking. At this time, the connecting rod 9 is encircled and locked by the hook groove of the hook tongue 2, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 The grinding stone 12 is reliably held in the installation position, with its top surface abutting against the lower end surface of the pressure seat 11, thus completing the installation of the grinding stone 12. The entire installation process can be completed in one step simply by the operator lifting the grinding stone 12 upwards, without the need for manual positioning or locking.

[0028] Disassembly process: When the grinding stone 12 needs to be replaced due to wear, the operator manually lifts the locking pin 7 upwards to release the locking constraint on the hook tongue 2. At this time, under the combined action of the grinding stone 12's own weight and the elastic force of the torsion spring 5, the connecting rod 9 contacts the hook tongue 2 (the shorter side wall of the hook groove), pushing the hook tongue 2 to rotate in the opposite direction around the central rod 3. As the hook groove rotates downwards, the connecting rod 9 can be dislodged from the hook groove, and the operator can easily remove the worn grinding stone 12 from the outer frame 1 to complete the disassembly and replacement. In the special case where the torsion spring 5 ages and causes the reset to fail, the operator can use a wrench or other tools to rotate the outer hexagonal flat end 6 of the central rod 3, driving the central rod 3 and the hook tongue 2 to rotate, thereby achieving manual reset and unlocking, ensuring that the device can still complete the loading and unloading operation even if the mechanism fails.

[0029] Example 2 This utility model also discloses a rail grinding device, comprising a grinding device and a grinding stone loading and unloading device as described in Embodiment 1. The outer frame 1 of the grinding stone loading and unloading device is fixedly assembled on the grinding device. This device enables tool-free, one-step quick assembly and disassembly of the grinding stone 12 for rail grinding, adapting to the confined working space of the rail and reducing the intensity of manual operation. Simultaneously, the separate load-bearing structure enhances the safety factor of the operation. Since rail grinding equipment is already known in the prior art and to those skilled in the art, other aspects of the rail grinding equipment will not be described in detail here.

[0030] All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model. Technologies, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in this utility model are all known technologies.

[0031] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of this utility model. In addition, other implementations are also included. Any obvious substitutions without departing from the concept of this technical solution are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A grinding stone loading and unloading device characterized by: It includes an outer frame (1), a pull rod mechanism and a hook locking mechanism; the outer frame (1) has two sets of hook locking mechanisms arranged symmetrically along the longitudinal direction; the hook locking mechanism is provided with a rotatable hook part; the pull rod mechanism is used to fix the grinding stone (12) and is linked and coordinated with the hook locking mechanism one by one. When the grinding stone (12) is lifted and moved into the outer frame (1), the pull rod mechanism pushes the hook part to rotate. After the hook part surrounds and hooks the pull rod mechanism, the hook locking mechanism automatically locks by its own weight.

2. A grinding stone mounting and demounting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The hook tongue locking mechanism includes a hook tongue (2), a central rod (3), and an elastic reset component; two mounting seats (4) are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction on the top plate inside the outer frame (1); a rotatable central rod (3) is provided between the two mounting seats (4); a hook tongue (2) is fixed on the central rod (3); the hook groove of the hook tongue (2) is initially inclined downward; an elastic reset component is provided on the central rod (3) for resetting the hook tongue (2) after rotation.

3. The millstone loading and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic reset component includes two torsion springs (5); each of the central rods (3) on both sides of the hook tongue (2) is provided with a torsion spring (5); the two ends of the torsion springs (5) abut against the mounting base (4) and the hook tongue (2) respectively.

4. The millstone loading and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central rod (3) has an external hexagonal flat opening (6) at one end and a limiting member at the other end.

5. A millstone loading and unloading device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The hook tongue locking mechanism also includes a locking pin (7); a locking hole is provided on the top plate of the outer frame (1) above the hook tongue (2); a locking pin (7) that can move up and down is provided in the locking hole; in the initial state, the bottom end of the locking pin (7) abuts against the back of the hook tongue (2), and after falling, the locking pin (7) falls into the outer frame (1) and is close to the back of the hook tongue (2).

6. The millstone loading and unloading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the locking pin (7) are provided with limiting blocks (8).

7. A millstone loading and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pull rod mechanism includes a connecting rod (9) and two seat plates (10); the two seat plates (10) are arranged laterally on the top surface of the grinding stone (12); the connecting rod (9) is fixed between the two seat plates (10); the connecting rod (9) is correspondingly engaged with the hook groove of the hook tongue (2).

8. The millstone loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure seat (11); the pressure seat (11) is fixed on the top plate inside the outer frame (1); after the hook locking mechanism encircles and engages the pull rod mechanism, the pressure seat (11) is located between the two pull rod mechanisms, and the grinding stone (12) abuts against the pressure seat (11).

9. A millstone loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer frame (1) is a rectangular structure with the opening facing downwards; the inner cavity size of the outer frame (1) is larger than the size of the grinding stone (12).

10. A rail grinding device, characterized in that: It includes a grinding device and a grinding stone loading and unloading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the outer frame (1) of the grinding stone loading and unloading device is fixedly installed on the grinding device.

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