A self-centering workpiece clamping device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of fixed fixtures and discloses a self-centering workpiece clamping device, including a base, a turntable, and several clamps. The clamps and the base are linearly slidably connected, and the clamps pass through the turntable. The turntable and the clamps are rotatably connected. A clamping space for placing workpieces is formed between the inner or outer peripheries of the clamps. A reference point is provided on the base, and the clamps move closer to or away from the reference point to clamp or release the workpiece in the clamping space. Compared with the prior art, the self-centering workpiece clamping device of this utility model allows several clamps to simultaneously move closer to or away from the reference point. If there is an offset between the center of the workpiece and the reference point when the workpiece enters the clamping space, the workpiece can be moved by the clamps to align the reference point with the center of the workpiece or a specific point of the workpiece. This achieves a self-centering effect while clamping the workpiece, facilitating precise positioning and processing of the workpiece during automated machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fixed clamping technology, and more specifically, to a self-centering workpiece clamping device. Background Technology

[0002] In the production and processing of workpieces, deburring or workpiece assembly and docking are required. During these processes, the workpiece needs to be fixed at a specific point to prevent vibration or displacement, which could reduce processing accuracy. Therefore, a self-centering workpiece clamping device is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address at least one of the aforementioned problems, this utility model first provides a self-centering workpiece clamping device, comprising a base, a turntable, and a plurality of clamps. The clamps and the base are linearly slidably connected, the clamps pass through the turntable, and the turntable and the clamps are rotatably connected. A clamping space for placing workpieces is formed between the inner or outer peripheries of the plurality of clamps. A reference point is provided on the base, and the plurality of clamps move closer to or further away from the reference point to clamp or release the workpiece in the clamping space.

[0004] Optionally, the bottom of the clamp is connected to a slide block, and the base is provided with a plurality of slide rails. The slide block and the slide rails correspond one-to-one and are slidably connected.

[0005] Optionally, the turntable is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped grooves, and the clamps pass through the arc-shaped grooves. When the turntable rotates, the peripheral wall of the arc-shaped grooves pushes the clamps closer to or further away from each other.

[0006] Optionally, it further includes a first partition plate, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the turntable. The first partition plate and the arc-shaped groove are staggered. The upper surface area of ​​the first partition plate is smaller than the upper surface area of ​​the turntable. The first partition plate is used to reduce the contact area between the workpiece and the turntable.

[0007] Optionally, the clamp is fitted with a detachable abutment, which is radially fixed to the clamp, and the abutment is adapted to abut against the workpiece in the clamping space.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes an external transmission device, wherein the self-centering workpiece clamping device is fixed to the transmission device and moves with the transmission device.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a rotary drive that drives the turntable to rotate, and the rotary drive and the turntable are connected by a transmission belt or by gear meshing.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes a lifting drive and a lifting plate, the lifting plate being spaced above the turntable, the lifting plate being adapted to place workpieces, the lifting plate being provided with a clearance opening for avoiding the fixture, the lifting plate being provided with a protruding lug, the lifting drive being detachably connected to the lug and driving the lifting plate to rise and fall through the lug.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting plate is provided with a second partition, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate. The second partition and the clearance opening are staggered. The upper surface area of ​​the second partition is smaller than the upper surface area of ​​the lifting plate. The second partition is used to reduce the contact area between the workpiece and the lifting plate.

[0012] Optionally, the base has a reference axis at its center, the reference point is located at the axis of the reference axis, the turntable has a reference hole at its center, and the reference axis passes through the reference hole.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the self-centering workpiece clamping device of this utility model has several clamps moving closer to or further away from the reference point at the same time. If there is an offset between the center of the workpiece and the reference point when the workpiece enters the clamping space, the workpiece can be moved by the clamps so that the reference point is aligned with the center of the workpiece or a specific point of the workpiece. Thus, the self-centering effect is achieved while clamping the workpiece, which is convenient for precise positioning and processing of the workpiece in the automated processing process. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The structure of the self-centering workpiece clamping device according to an embodiment of this utility model Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front view of the self-centering workpiece clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a connection structure diagram of the base, clamp, and abutment member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 The structure of the self-centering workpiece clamping device according to an embodiment of this utility model Figure 2 .

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0019] 1. Base; 11. Slide rail; 12. Reference axis; 2. Turntable; 21. Arc-shaped slide groove; 22. Reference hole; 3. Fixture; 31. Slide block; 32. First positioning hole; 33. Positioning pin; 4. Abutment part; 41. Second positioning hole; 42. Abutment surface; 43. Mounting groove; 5. Second partition plate; 6. Lifting plate; 61. Clearance opening; 62. Support ear; 7. Lifting drive component; 8. Positioning pin; 81. Guide part. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] This utility model embodiment provides a self-centering workpiece clamping device, combined with Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the device includes a base 1, a turntable 2, and several clamps 3. The clamps 3 and the base 1 are linearly slidably connected. The clamps 3 pass through the turntable 2. The turntable 2 and the clamps 3 are rotatably connected. A clamping space for placing workpieces is formed between the inner or outer periphery of the several clamps 3. A reference point is provided on the base 1. The several clamps 3 move closer to or away from the reference point to clamp or release the workpiece in the clamping space.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the clamp 3 is cylindrical, and its peripheral wall is adapted to abut against the workpiece. Several clamps 3 are evenly spaced apart, preferably three or four. The lines connecting the axes of the clamps 3 form an equilateral triangle or a square. This shape provides a more stable clamping effect on the workpiece, and the workpiece experiences more uniform force, making it less prone to displacement. The workpiece can be clamped between the inner circumferences of the clamps 3. When the workpiece is a ring, the ring is fitted around the outer periphery of the clamps 3, and the clamps 3 can abut against the inner circle of the ring, creating a clamping effect.

[0023] The reference point is the center point of the base 1. Several clamps 3 move closer to or further away from the reference point at the same time. If there is an offset between the center point or a specific point of the workpiece and the reference point when the workpiece enters the clamping space, the workpiece can be moved by the clamps 3 so that the reference point is aligned with the center point or a specific point of the workpiece. This achieves a self-centering effect while clamping the workpiece, which is convenient for precise positioning and processing of the workpiece in automated machining.

[0024] The top of each fixture 3 is provided with a positioning post 33. The positioning post 33 and the fixture 3 are coaxially arranged. The positioning post 33 can further clamp the protruding parts on the workpiece. The fixture 3 and the positioning post 33 together achieve a double positioning and clamping effect, or the positioning post 33 can clamp and position the workpiece alone.

[0025] Optionally, the bottom of the clamp 3 is connected to a slide 31, and the base 1 is provided with a plurality of slide rails 11. The slide 31 and the slide rails 11 correspond one-to-one, and the slide 31 and the slide rails 11 are slidably connected.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the slide rail 11 is a straight line, and the clamp 3 and the slide block 31 are fixed together by bolts. The number of slide rails 11 and slide blocks 31 are the same and correspond one-to-one. The rotation of the turntable 2 drives the clamp 3 to move. Under the action of the slide block 31 and the slide rail 11, the clamp 3 moves closer to or away from the reference point along the straight line. The slide block 31 and the slide rail 11 play a guiding role while making the sliding structure more stable.

[0027] Optionally, the turntable 2 is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 21, and the clamp 3 passes through the arc-shaped grooves 21. When the turntable 2 rotates, the peripheral wall of the arc-shaped grooves 21 pushes the clamp 3 closer to or further away from each other.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, several arc-shaped grooves 21 correspond one-to-one with several clamps 3. The arc-shaped grooves 21 are evenly spaced apart, and their two ends are close to the edge and center of the turntable 2, respectively. When the turntable 2 rotates clockwise, the clamps 3 move simultaneously towards the reference point; when the turntable 2 rotates counterclockwise, the clamps 3 move simultaneously away from the reference point. "Currently" refers to either clockwise or counterclockwise rotation, and "counterclockwise" is the opposite direction to "currently".

[0029] Optionally, the self-centering workpiece clamping device further includes a first partition (not shown), which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the turntable 2. The first partition and the arc-shaped slide 21 are staggered. The upper surface area of ​​the first partition is smaller than the upper surface area of ​​the turntable 2. The first partition is used to reduce the contact area between the workpiece and the turntable 2.

[0030] In this embodiment, several arc-shaped grooves 21 are arranged in a spiral shape. The first partition is a thin plate that is approximately spiral-shaped and is staggered with the arc-shaped grooves 21. While not affecting the movement of the fixture 3, the first partition rotates synchronously with the turntable 2. Since lubricating oil remains on the surface of the workpiece during processing, it drips onto the turntable 2. If the contact area between the workpiece and the turntable 2 is too large, it can easily cause adhesion, resulting in significant resistance when removing the workpiece and potentially causing the turntable 2 to move upwards. By setting the first partition, the contact area between the workpiece and the upper surface of the turntable 2 is reduced, thereby weakening the adhesion effect, reducing the resistance when removing the workpiece, and making it less likely for the turntable 2 to stick and move upwards.

[0031] Optionally, a detachable abutment 4 is fitted onto the clamp 3, and the abutment 4 and the clamp 3 are radially fixed together. The abutment 4 is adapted to abut against the workpiece in the clamping space.

[0032] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, in this embodiment, the abutment 4 is approximately cylindrical. The abutment 4, when fitted onto the clamp 3, increases the overall working radius, thus facilitating the clamping of workpieces with smaller diameters. For workpieces with larger diameters, the abutment 4 can be detached and directly clamped by the clamp 3.

[0033] The clamp 3 is provided with a first positioning hole 32, and the abutting member 4 is provided with a plurality of second positioning holes 41 at different heights. The first positioning hole 32 and the second positioning hole 41 are fixed together by a pin.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the abutment 4 can be fixed at different heights of the clamp 3, thereby adapting to protruding parts of different heights on the workpiece, resulting in a wider range of adaptability and stronger versatility. Furthermore, the abutment 4 is provided with mounting grooves 43 of different lengths. The opening of the mounting groove 43 is connected to the bottom of the abutment 4. The second positioning hole 41 and the top of the mounting groove 43 can be integrated, or they can be spaced apart in the vertical direction. The inner top wall heights of the mounting grooves 43 of different lengths are different. During installation, a pin can be installed first in the first positioning hole 32, and then the mounting groove 43 can be aligned with the pin and fitted onto the clamp 3. The pin enters the mounting groove 43 from bottom to top until it abuts against the inner top wall of the mounting groove 43. The width of the mounting groove 43 matches the width of the pin. Under the weight of the abutment 4 itself, the pin is confined within the inner top wall of the mounting groove 43. Mounting slots 43 of different lengths are circumferentially spaced on the peripheral wall of the abutment 4. This arrangement allows the abutment 4 to be pulled upwards and rotated to replace the mounting slots 43 without removing the pins, and then inserted downwards into the clamp 3. This changes the mounting height of the abutment 4 on the clamp 3, making the operation simpler, more convenient, and saving time and effort.

[0035] In other embodiments, a plurality of first positioning holes 32 of different heights can be provided on the fixture 3, and a second positioning hole 41 of fixed height can be provided on the abutment 4. The second positioning hole 41 is fixed with different first positioning holes 32, thereby adjusting the working height of the abutment 4 on the fixture 3.

[0036] The abutting member 4 is provided with an abutting surface 42, which is a plane and is used to abut the workpiece in the clamping space.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the abutment 4 is approximately cylindrical in shape. The arc-shaped sidewalls are not effective at clamping the planar parts of some workpieces. Therefore, the abutment surface 42 is provided to abut the planar parts of the workpiece, so that the clamping effect is better, more workpieces can be adapted, and the versatility is better.

[0038] Optionally, it also includes an external transmission device, wherein the self-centering workpiece clamping device is fixed to the transmission device and moves with the transmission device.

[0039] In production and processing practice, multiple self-centering workpiece clamping devices can be fixed on transmission devices such as transmission chains or transmission belts, so that the self-centering workpiece clamping devices can move together with the transmission devices, thereby cooperating with other external processing equipment to achieve multi-device joint operation and increase overall work efficiency.

[0040] Optionally, the self-centering workpiece clamping device further includes a rotary drive (not shown), which drives the turntable 2 to rotate. The rotary drive and the turntable 2 are connected by a transmission belt (not shown) or by gear meshing (not shown).

[0041] The rotary drive component is more compatible with CNC lathes, enabling automated production. The rotary drive component can be a motor. In one embodiment, the motor's drive shaft is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel (not shown), and the peripheral wall of the turntable 2 has grooves suitable for mounting a transmission belt. The transmission wheel and the turntable 2 are connected by a transmission belt. In another embodiment, the motor's drive shaft is fixedly connected to a gear, and the peripheral wall of the turntable 2 has protruding teeth. The turntable 2 is connected to the gear through the meshing of the protruding teeth, thereby achieving rotation of the turntable 2.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, optionally, the self-centering workpiece clamping device further includes a lifting drive 7 and a lifting plate 6. The lifting plate 6 is spaced above the turntable 2. The lifting plate 6 is suitable for placing workpieces. The lifting plate 6 is provided with a clearance opening 61 for avoiding the clamp 3. The lifting plate 6 is provided with a protruding lug 62. The lifting drive 7 is detachably connected to the lug 62 and drives the lifting plate 6 to rise and fall through the lug 62.

[0043] The shape of the clearance opening 61 is adapted to the movement trajectory of the clamp 3. The lifting drive component 7 facilitates the placement or gripping of workpieces by external mechanical claws, preventing collision damage from the claws hitting the clamp 3. It also allows for the stacking of multiple workpieces in the clamping space for batch gripping. The support lug 62 protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the lifting plate 6. The lifting drive component 7 can be an electric push rod or a pneumatic push rod (hereinafter referred to as the push rod) connected to the support lug 62. Specifically, the upper end of the push rod has a connecting shaft protruding, and the diameter of the connecting shaft is smaller than the diameter of the push rod. The support lug 62 has a connecting hole, and the connecting shaft and the connecting hole are inserted to achieve a positioning effect. The upper end of the push rod pushes the support lug 62 upwards, thus achieving a detachable connection. When a workpiece is placed on the lifting plate 6, the workpiece's gravity causes the lifting plate 6 to move downwards, saving energy during the downward movement.

[0044] The base plate 1 is connected to the transmission device and rotates with it. The lifting drive component 7 is detachably connected to the support lug 62, enabling one lifting drive component 7 to drive multiple self-centering workpiece clamping devices. When the lifting drive component 7 moves the lifting plate 6 of the first self-centering workpiece clamping device upward, the push rod moves downward and disengages from the support lug 62, thereby releasing the connection with the first self-centering workpiece clamping device. Then, the transmission device moves, moving the first self-centering workpiece clamping device away from the lifting drive component 7, and the second self-centering workpiece clamping device reaches the work position. The support lug 62 of the second self-centering workpiece clamping device aligns with the push rod, and the push rod moves upward to abut against the support lug 62, pushing the lifting plate 6 upward to continue working, thus repeating the cycle. During the workpiece production process, multiple self-centering workpiece clamping devices can be driven to work in a cyclical manner through the transmission device and one lifting drive component 7, resulting in an ingenious structure and cost savings.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, optionally, the lifting plate 6 is provided with a second partition 5, the second partition 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate 6, the second partition 5 and the clearance opening 61 are staggered, the upper surface area of ​​the second partition 5 is smaller than the upper surface area of ​​the lifting plate 6, and the second partition 5 is used to reduce the contact area between the workpiece and the lifting plate 6.

[0046] When the lifting plate 6 and the lifting drive component 7 are installed, the first partition plate is not required on the turntable 2. The second partition plate 5 reduces the contact area between the workpiece and the upper surface of the lifting plate 6, thereby weakening the adhesion effect, reducing the resistance when the workpiece is removed, and making it less likely for the lifting plate 6 to stick and move upward.

[0047] Optionally, the base 1 has a reference shaft 12 at its center, the reference point is located at the axis of the reference shaft 12, and the turntable 2 has a reference hole 22 at its center, through which the reference shaft 12 passes.

[0048] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the base 1 and the turntable 2 are coaxially arranged, and the reference point is located at the center of both the base 1 and the turntable 2, which facilitates installation and control and improves the concentricity effect. The self-centering workpiece clamping device also includes a positioning pin 8, which fixes the reference hole 22 and the reference shaft 12. The upper end of the positioning pin 8 is provided with a guide part 81, which is approximately conical. The lifting plate 6 is provided with a mounting hole, which is aligned with the guide part 81 in the vertical direction. When the lifting plate 6 descends under the influence of the workpiece's gravity, the guide part 81 is slidably connected to the wall of the mounting hole to guide the downward movement of the lifting plate 6 and prevent deviation. The positioning pin 8 not only fixes the base 1 and the turntable 2 but also guides the lifting plate 6, serving a dual purpose. It is not only simple and ingenious in structure but also saves costs.

[0049] Similarly, the components included in the "components," "mechanisms," and "devices" of this disclosure can also be flexibly combined. They can be modularly produced according to actual needs and assembled as an independent module; or they can be assembled separately to form a module in this device. The division of the above-mentioned components in this disclosure is only one embodiment for ease of reading and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Any technical solution that includes the above-mentioned components and has the same function should be understood as an equivalent technical solution of this disclosure.

[0050] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure.

[0051] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0054] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to," "set on," "fixed to," or "mounted on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is considered to be "connected to another component," it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. Furthermore, when a component is considered to be "fixedly connected" to another component, the connection can be detachable or non-detachable, such as through socketing, snap-fitting, integral molding, welding, etc., which are achievable in conventional technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0055] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this disclosure, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A self-centering workpiece clamping device, characterized by, The device includes a base (1), a turntable (2), and several clamps (3). The clamps (3) and the base (1) are linearly slidably connected. The clamps (3) pass through the turntable (2). The turntable (2) and the clamps (3) are rotatably connected. A clamping space for placing workpieces is formed between the inner or outer periphery of the several clamps (3). A reference point is provided on the base (1). The several clamps (3) move closer to or further away from the reference point to clamp or release the workpiece in the clamping space.

2. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the clamp (3) is connected to a slide (31), and the base (1) is provided with several slide rails (11). The slide (31) and the slide rails (11) correspond one to one, and the slide (31) and the slide rails (11) are slidably connected.

3. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turntable (2) is provided with several arc-shaped grooves (21). The clamp (3) passes through the arc-shaped grooves (21). When the turntable (2) rotates, the peripheral wall of the arc-shaped grooves (21) pushes the clamp (3) closer to or further away from each other.

4. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a first partition plate, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the turntable (2). The first partition plate and the arc-shaped slide (21) are staggered. The upper surface area of ​​the first partition plate is smaller than the upper surface area of ​​the turntable (2). The first partition plate is used to reduce the contact area between the workpiece and the turntable (2).

5. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp (3) is fitted with a detachable abutment (4), which is radially fixed to the clamp (3). The abutment (4) is adapted to abut against the workpiece in the clamping space.

6. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an external transmission device, and the self-centering workpiece clamping device is fixed on the transmission device and moves with the transmission device.

7. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a rotary drive component that drives the turntable (2) to rotate. The rotary drive component and the turntable (2) are connected by a transmission belt or by gear meshing.

8. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lifting drive (7) and a lifting plate (6). The lifting plate (6) is spaced above the turntable (2). The lifting plate (6) is suitable for placing workpieces. The lifting plate (6) is provided with a clearance opening (61) for avoiding the fixture (3). The lifting plate (6) is provided with a support ear (62). The lifting drive (7) is detachably connected to the support ear (62) and drives the lifting plate (6) to rise and fall through the support ear (62).

9. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lifting plate (6) is provided with a second partition (5), the second partition (5) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate (6), the second partition (5) and the clearance opening (61) are staggered, the upper surface area of ​​the second partition (5) is smaller than the upper surface area of ​​the lifting plate (6), and the second partition (5) is used to reduce the contact area between the workpiece and the lifting plate (6).

10. The self-centering workpiece clamping device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The base (1) has a reference shaft (12) at its center, and the reference point is located at the axis of the reference shaft (12). The turntable (2) has a reference hole (22) at its center, and the reference shaft (12) passes through the reference hole (22).

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