PCB board loading and finishing equipment and PCB board appearance inspection equipment

Abstract

This utility model discloses a PCB board loading and unloading device and a PCB board appearance inspection equipment, relating to the field of appearance inspection technology. The device includes a conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a rolling mechanism, and an unloading mechanism. The conveying mechanism conveys the PCB board to be inspected along a first direction. The rolling mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism can drive the rolling mechanism to rise so that the PCB board is detached from the conveying mechanism. The rolling mechanism can roll along a second direction, and the unloading mechanism can drive the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism to move and position along the second direction. Utilizing the rolling characteristics of the rolling mechanism to achieve non-contact positioning, combined with the unloading mechanism driving the PCB board to move and position along the second direction, effectively avoids the surface scratching problem caused by traditional contact positioning. Simultaneously, the rolling buffer reduces mechanical impact damage and achieves multi-directional precise positioning, which has the advantage of improving the accuracy of subsequent image acquisition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of appearance inspection technology, and in particular relates to a feeding and PCB board appearance inspection device and a PCB board appearance inspection equipment. Background Technology

[0002] A visual inspection machine is a device that uses computer vision imaging technology to detect defects in the appearance of products. It typically uses a high-precision CCD camera and a macro-focus lens to acquire images and then employs image analysis and recognition algorithms to determine the results. This type of inspection machine can improve the efficiency of manual rejection and is widely used in the visual inspection of PCB boards (printed circuit boards), etc.

[0003] A board loading and unloading device is needed to position the PCB board to be inspected and load it onto the image acquisition position of a high-precision CCD camera and a micro-focus lens. However, the existing board loading and unloading device is prone to scratching the PCB board that has not been fully cured in the previous process when positioning the PCB board to be inspected, which can easily lead to misjudgment of the appearance inspection results and result in a high misjudgment rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: to address the issue that existing board feeding and PCB assembly devices easily scratch PCBs that have not been fully cured in the previous process, and to provide a board feeding and PCB assembly device and a PCB appearance inspection equipment.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a board loading and unloading device, comprising a conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a rolling mechanism, and an unloading mechanism. The conveying mechanism is used to convey the PCB board to be inspected along a first direction. The rolling mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism can drive the rolling mechanism to rise so that the PCB board is disengaged from the conveying mechanism. The rolling mechanism can roll along a second direction, and the unloading mechanism can drive the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism to move and position along the second direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect.

[0006] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the rolling mechanism includes a rolling bracket and a plurality of rollers, the rolling bracket is mounted on the lifting mechanism, the plurality of rollers are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket, and at least some of the rollers are spaced apart along the second direction.

[0007] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the rolling mechanism includes a rolling bracket and a plurality of balls, the rolling bracket being mounted on the lifting mechanism, the plurality of balls being rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket, and at least some of the balls being spaced apart along the second direction.

[0008] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the rolling mechanism includes a rolling bracket, a plurality of balls and a plurality of rollers, the rolling bracket is mounted on the lifting mechanism, and the plurality of rollers and the plurality of balls are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket, with at least some of the rollers and / or at least some of the balls spaced apart along the second direction.

[0009] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the conveying mechanism includes a conveying bracket, a rotary drive assembly, and a plurality of conveying rollers, all of which are rotatably mounted on the conveying bracket and spaced apart along the first direction, and the rotary drive assembly is used to drive each of the conveying rollers to rotate.

[0010] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the conveying mechanism further includes a transition support plate, which is installed on the conveying bracket and placed between two adjacent conveying rollers. The transition support plate has a clearance hole, and the lifting mechanism can drive the rolling mechanism to rise so that the rolling mechanism passes through the clearance hole.

[0011] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the plate-forming mechanism includes a limiting stop bar, a plate-forming bar, and a translation drive assembly, wherein the translation drive assembly enables the limiting stop bar and the plate-forming bar to move closer to or further away from each other along a second direction.

[0012] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the limit stop bar and the translation drive assembly are both installed on the conveying mechanism, and the entire strip is installed on the translation drive assembly, which can drive the entire strip to move along the second direction.

[0013] Furthermore, this application also proposes that a rolling component is provided on the side of the limiting stop bar near the whole plate and / or on the side of the whole plate bar near the limiting stop bar, and the rolling component is capable of rolling along a first direction.

[0014] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the limit stop bar is equipped with a limit sensor, which is used to sense the position of the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, this application also proposes a PCB board appearance inspection device, including an image recognition mechanism and the aforementioned board loading and unloading device. The board loading and unloading device can load the PCB board to be inspected to the image acquisition position of the image recognition mechanism, and the image recognition mechanism is used to acquire appearance images of the PCB board placed at the image acquisition position.

[0016] As can be seen from the above, the PCB board loading and PCB board appearance inspection equipment provided in this application lifts the rolling mechanism through the lifting mechanism to make the PCB board separate from the conveying mechanism. The rolling characteristics of the rolling mechanism are used to achieve non-contact positioning. Combined with the PCB board loading mechanism driving the PCB board to move and position along the second direction, it effectively avoids the surface scratch problem caused by traditional contact positioning. At the same time, the rolling buffer reduces mechanical impact damage and achieves multi-directional accurate positioning, which has the advantage of improving the accuracy of subsequent image acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding and assembling device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding and assembling device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is an explosion of the feeding and assembling device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is an explosion of the feeding and assembling device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0019] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 100. Feeding and assembling device; 110. Conveying mechanism; 111. Conveying bracket; 112. Rotary drive assembly; 113. Conveying roller; 114. Transition support plate; 115. Clearance hole; 120. Lifting mechanism; 130. Rolling mechanism; 131. Rolling bracket; 132. Roller; 140. Assembling mechanism; 141. Limiting stop bar; 142. Assembling bar; 143. Translation drive assembly; 144. Rolling assembly; 145. Limit sensor mounting base; a. First direction; b. Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical problems solved, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "radial," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In existing technologies, visual inspection machines use image recognition technology to inspect the quality of PCB boards, but there are significant defects in the loading process. Traditional board loading devices use a rigid pushing method to position the PCB board, which can easily cause mechanical scratches on the incompletely cured board surface during contact. This surface damage caused by physical contact can interfere with the optical inspection system's identification of real defects, especially when processing precision circuit boards, significantly increasing the false judgment rate.

[0024] To address these issues, researchers discovered that frictional contact during the positioning process is the root cause of board surface damage. Analysis of the PCB board's motion trajectory during the transport and positioning phase revealed motion coupling between the dual-axis positioning requirements in the directional direction and the vertical position transition. Based on this, a method was proposed to separate the vertical lifting and horizontal rolling motions for control, enabling frictionless displacement of the PCB board after it leaves the transport plane.

[0025] Therefore, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This application proposes a combined device including a conveying mechanism 110, a lifting mechanism 120, a rolling mechanism 130, and a board-assembly mechanism 140. The conveying mechanism 110 transports the PCB board to a predetermined station along a first direction a. The lifting mechanism 120 drives the rolling mechanism 130 to vertically lift the PCB board off the conveying plane. The rolling mechanism 130 provides rolling support in a second direction b. The board-assembly mechanism 140 drives the PCB board to be precisely positioned along the second direction b. The first direction a and the second direction b are perpendicular. In this embodiment, both the first direction a and the second direction b are horizontal.

[0026] The conveying mechanism 110 is a functional component that enables continuous material transfer. Specifically, it can be implemented using a motor-driven roller array, with the roller spacing adjustable according to the PCB board size. The lifting mechanism 120 is a transmission device that enables vertical displacement. Specifically, it can be implemented using a cylinder or lead screw module, and its stroke control accuracy directly affects the board's detachment height. The rolling mechanism 130 is a contact interface that provides low-friction movement support. Specifically, it can be implemented using a roller array 132 or a ball bearing assembly, with its rolling direction parallel to the second direction b. The board-aligning mechanism 140 is a control component that performs precise positioning. Specifically, it can be implemented using a servo motor-driven positioning baffle, achieving sub-millimeter positioning accuracy through closed-loop control.

[0027] Specifically, when the PCB board is conveyed to the inspection station by the conveying mechanism 110, the lifting mechanism 120 raises the rolling mechanism 130 to contact the bottom surface of the board, causing the PCB board to detach from the contact surface of the conveying roller 113. The rollers 132 or balls in the rolling mechanism 130 form a free rolling support surface in the second direction b. At this time, the board-mounting mechanism 140 drives the PCB board to move along this axis to the preset coordinate. Throughout the positioning process, the PCB board only makes rolling contact with the rolling support surface, effectively avoiding the sliding friction caused by traditional pushing positioning.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, this solution decouples the material conveying and precise positioning processes in a spatial dimension by physically isolating the conveying plane and the positioning plane. In traditional devices, the conveying roller 113 and the positioning baffle are on the same plane, and forced displacement is required to overcome the rotational resistance of the roller during positioning. However, this solution eliminates this resistance during the lifting stage, so that the subsequent positioning action only needs to overcome rolling friction.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves zero-slip contact of the PCB board during the positioning process, completely eliminating the surface scratch problem caused by mechanical friction. While maintaining positioning accuracy, this device can adapt to the processing requirements of PCB boards with different curing levels, significantly reducing the misjudgment rate of optical inspection systems, and is particularly suitable for appearance inspection scenarios of high-precision multilayer circuit boards.

[0030] Please see Figures 3 to 4 This application further proposes a rolling mechanism 130 including a rolling bracket 131 and a plurality of rollers 132. The rolling bracket 131 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 120, and the plurality of rollers 132 are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket 131. At least some of the rollers 132 are spaced apart along the second direction b.

[0031] The rolling bracket 131 refers to the basic support structure that supports the roller 132. It can be implemented using a metal frame or a high-strength plastic bracket, and its function is to provide a stable mounting platform for the roller 132. The roller 132 is a cylindrical component that can rotate around its own axis. It can be implemented using a metal wheel body covered with rubber or polyurethane, and is rotatably mounted to the rolling bracket 131 via bearings or bushings. Its function is to reduce frictional resistance with the PCB board through rolling contact.

[0032] Specifically, when the lifting mechanism 120 drives the rolling support 131 to rise, multiple rollers 132, spaced apart along the second direction b, contact and lift the PCB board, causing it to detach from the bearing surface of the conveying mechanism 110. Since the rollers 132 can rotate freely around their axes, when the board-mounting mechanism 140 pushes the PCB board to move along the second direction b, the rollers 132 passively rotate with the movement of the PCB board, thus converting sliding friction into rolling friction. The spaced arrangement of the rollers 132 along the second direction b creates multi-point rolling support on the bottom surface of the PCB board, dispersing the contact pressure.

[0033] Compared to existing technologies, traditional PCB assembly methods using fixed support surfaces or sliding guides are prone to damaging uncured surfaces due to sliding friction generated during PCB movement. This solution, however, utilizes rotatable rollers 132 to transform the contact method into rolling friction, significantly reducing the risk of surface scratches. Furthermore, the spacing of the rollers 132 allows for flexible adjustment of the support point density according to the PCB size, preventing localized stress concentration.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of surface scratches caused by friction during the overall positioning of the PCB board, avoiding misjudgments in inspection caused by appearance damage. The roller 132 structure reduces the mechanical force on the PCB board surface while ensuring positioning accuracy, making it particularly suitable for products with incompletely cured surface coatings.

[0035] This application further proposes a board loading and assembling device 100, including a conveying mechanism 110, a lifting mechanism 120, a rolling mechanism 130, and a board assembling mechanism 140. The conveying mechanism 110 is used to convey the PCB board to be inspected along a first direction a. The rolling mechanism 130 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 120. The lifting mechanism 120 can drive the rolling mechanism 130 to rise so that the PCB board is disengaged from the conveying mechanism 110. The rolling mechanism 130 can roll along a second direction b. The board assembling mechanism 140 can drive the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism 130 to move and position along the second direction b. The rolling mechanism 130 includes a rolling bracket 131 and a plurality of balls. The rolling bracket 131 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 120, and the plurality of balls are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket 131. At least some of the balls are spaced apart along the second direction b.

[0036] The ball refers to a spherical rolling element, which can be made of stainless steel with a polished surface to reduce frictional resistance. It rolls freely in multiple directions by being embedded in the groove of the rolling bracket 131. The rolling bracket 131 is the support structure that supports the ball, which can be a frame formed by welding aluminum alloy profiles. The frame has mounting holes to fix the arrangement of the ball.

[0037] Specifically, when the lifting mechanism 120 drives the rolling support 131 to rise, the rolling balls collectively contact the lower surface of the PCB board. During the movement of the PCB board along the second direction b driven by the board-mounting mechanism 140, the rolling balls adapt to the lateral displacement of the PCB board through free rolling. The rolling balls ensure that the PCB board only makes point contact with the rolling elements during movement, avoiding surface damage caused by large-area contact. The spacing of the rolling balls can be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, a set of rolling elements can be set every 50mm to 100mm.

[0038] Compared to existing technologies, traditional PCB feeding devices 100 use fixed support surfaces or a single type of rolling element, which easily generate significant frictional resistance when the PCB moves, leading to scratches on the uncured surface. This solution, however, retains the flexibility of multi-directional free rolling of the balls through a combination of ball bearings, further reducing the risk of scratches on the uncured surface due to friction compared to roller-based solutions.

[0039] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively reduces the contact area between the PCB board and the supporting structure during the overall board positioning process, avoiding surface scratches caused by sliding friction. The synergistic effect of the ball bearings makes the movement of the PCB board in the second direction b smoother, which is especially suitable for PCB boards with incompletely cured surface coatings, ensuring that they maintain their appearance integrity during precise positioning, thereby reducing the risk of misjudgment in subsequent appearance inspection.

[0040] This application further proposes a conveying mechanism 110, a lifting mechanism 120, a rolling mechanism 130, and a board-assembly mechanism 140. The conveying mechanism 110 is used to convey the PCB board to be inspected along a first direction a. The rolling mechanism 130 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 120. The lifting mechanism 120 can drive the rolling mechanism 130 to rise so that the PCB board is disengaged from the conveying mechanism 110. The rolling mechanism 130 can roll along a second direction b. The board-assembly mechanism 140 can drive the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism 130 to move and position along the second direction b. The rolling mechanism 130 includes a rolling bracket 131, a plurality of balls, and a plurality of rollers 132. The rolling bracket 131 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 120. The plurality of rollers 132 are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket 131. The plurality of balls are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket 131. At least some of the rollers 132 and / or at least some of the balls are spaced apart along the second direction b.

[0041] Among them, the ball refers to a spherical structure that supports the PCB board through rolling contact, and can be made of stainless steel or ceramic material with a smooth surface to reduce friction. The roller 132 is a cylindrical or frustum-shaped structure that can rotate around an axis, and can be achieved by a bearing and bracket, used to guide the PCB board to move in a specific direction. The rolling bracket 131 is a support frame used to fix the ball and roller 132, and can be formed by welding or bolting metal sheets, with mounting holes on its surface to fix the ball and roller 132.

[0042] Specifically, after the PCB board is transported to the preset position, the lifting mechanism 120 drives the rolling support 131 to rise, causing the balls and rollers 132 to contact and lift the PCB board. Driven by the board-mounting mechanism 140, as the PCB board moves along the second direction b, the balls reduce sliding friction with the bottom surface of the PCB board through rolling, while the rollers 132 guide the direction of movement through rotation. By combining the balls and rollers 132, it is possible to accommodate PCB boards of different sizes or weights, and to distribute contact stress during movement, avoiding excessive local pressure that could cause surface damage.

[0043] Compared to existing technologies, current devices typically employ a single roller 132 or a fixed support structure, which can easily cause scratches on the PCB surface due to sliding friction during the board assembly process. This solution, however, utilizes a combination of ball bearings and roller 132 to convert sliding friction into rolling friction during support and movement. Simultaneously, the spaced arrangement reduces contact density, thereby minimizing mechanical forces on the uncured PCB surface. This approach retains the flexibility of multi-directional free rolling of the ball bearings while leveraging the stability of directional rolling of the roller 132, ensuring controllable PCB movement trajectory while reducing friction.

[0044] Through the above technical solution, this application can effectively avoid scratches on the PCB board surface during the overall board positioning process, ensuring the accuracy of appearance inspection results. The hybrid layout of ball bearings and rollers 132 further improves the adaptability to PCB boards of different thicknesses or surface conditions, maintains stability during movement and positioning, and reduces offset or vibration caused by uneven friction.

[0045] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This application further proposes a feeding and assembling device 100, including a conveying mechanism 110, a lifting mechanism 120, a rolling mechanism 130 and an assembling mechanism 140. The conveying mechanism 110 includes a conveying bracket 111, a rotary drive assembly 112 and a plurality of conveying rollers 113. The plurality of conveying rollers 113 are rotatably mounted on the conveying bracket 111 and are spaced apart along a first direction a. The rotary drive assembly 112 is used to drive each conveying roller 113 to rotate.

[0046] Among them, the conveyor support 111 refers to the support structure that supports the conveyor roller 113. Specifically, it can be formed by welding metal frame or composite plate, and is used to provide an installation foundation for the conveyor roller 113.

[0047] The rotary drive assembly 112 refers to the power device that drives the conveyor roller 113 to rotate. Specifically, it can be implemented by using a motor in conjunction with a chain or belt drive mechanism to synchronously drive multiple conveyor rollers 113 to rotate in order to form a continuous conveying surface.

[0048] The conveyor roller 113 refers to a cylindrical rotating component, which can be a metal roller with a surface covered with rubber or polyurethane, used to contact the PCB board and transmit power to achieve horizontal conveying.

[0049] Specifically, multiple conveying rollers 113 are arranged at a preset interval along the first direction a, for example, the interval between adjacent rollers can be 50-100 mm. The rotary drive assembly 112 is connected to each conveying roller 113 via a synchronous belt or gear set. When the PCB board is placed on the surface of the conveying rollers 113, the rotary drive assembly 112 drives all the conveying rollers 113 to rotate synchronously, so that the PCB board moves smoothly along the first direction a. A transition support plate 114 can be provided on the conveying bracket 111, and its clearance hole 115 allows the lifting mechanism 120 to drive the rolling mechanism 130 to rise and pass through, avoiding interference between the conveying rollers 113 and the rolling mechanism 130.

[0050] Compared with existing technologies, existing conveying mechanisms 110 mostly use continuous conveyor belts or fixed support plates, which are prone to generating large-area friction with the surface of uncured PCB boards. However, by using spaced conveying rollers 113, the contact area can be reduced, and the rotation drive assembly 112 controls the synchronous rotation of the rollers, so that the PCB board is conveyed only through rolling friction, which significantly reduces the risk of surface damage.

[0051] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem that the existing board feeding device 100 is prone to scratching uncured PCB boards. By using spaced conveyor rollers 113 in conjunction with the rotary drive assembly 112, low-friction conveying of PCB boards is achieved, avoiding damage to the surface coating and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent appearance inspection. At the same time, the cooperative structure between the conveyor rollers 113 and the transition support plate 114 provides reliable support for the coordinated operation of the lifting mechanism 120 and the rolling mechanism 130.

[0052] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The present application further proposes that the conveying mechanism 110 also includes a transition support plate 114, which is installed on the conveying bracket 111 and placed between two adjacent conveying rollers 113. The transition support plate 114 has a clearance hole 115, and the lifting mechanism 120 can drive the rolling mechanism 130 to rise so that the rolling mechanism 130 passes through the clearance hole 115.

[0053] The transition support plate 114 is a flat plate structure set between adjacent conveyor rollers 113. It can be made of metal or engineering plastic and serves to provide auxiliary support for the PCB board during conveying, preventing the PCB board from bending and deforming due to its own weight at the roller gap. The clearance hole 115 is a through-hole structure opened on the transition support plate 114. It can be a rectangular or circular hole, slightly larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the rolling mechanism 130, allowing the rolling mechanism 130 to pass smoothly through the transition support plate 114 during lifting. The lifting mechanism 120 drives the rolling mechanism 130 to rise by using a linear drive device such as a cylinder or electric push rod to move the rolling bracket 131 vertically, raising the bearing surface of the rolling mechanism 130 to a position higher than the conveyor rollers 113.

[0054] Specifically, when the conveyor roller 113 rotates along the first direction a to convey the PCB board, the transition support plate 114 continuously provides support to the central area of ​​the PCB board, preventing the PCB board from sinking due to suspension between adjacent rollers. When the PCB board reaches the predetermined position, the lifting mechanism 120 is activated and pushes the rolling mechanism 130 upward. The roller 132 or ball at the top of the rolling mechanism 130 passes through the clearance hole 115 to contact the bottom of the PCB board and lift it away from the conveyor roller 113. At this time, the clearance hole 115 of the transition support plate 114 provides an interference-free upward path for the rolling mechanism 130, ensuring that the PCB board remains stable during the process of leaving the conveyor roller 113 and avoiding vibration or displacement caused by collision with the support structure.

[0055] Compared with existing technologies, the traditional conveying mechanism 110 lacks a transition support plate 114, resulting in a lack of support for the PCB board at the roller gap. This makes it prone to bending and deformation due to its own weight, leading to friction and scratches with the limit stop 141 or the board strip 142 during subsequent board positioning. In contrast, this application adds a transition support plate 114, providing continuous support for the PCB board while maintaining the conveying function. Furthermore, the avoidance hole 115 eliminates structural interference during lifting and lowering, effectively reducing the risk of surface damage to the PCB board.

[0056] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves stable support for the PCB board during the conveying and lifting process, avoiding bending deformation caused by local suspension. At the same time, the clearance hole 115 ensures that the lifting path of the rolling mechanism 130 is unobstructed, reducing the contact friction between the PCB board and the support structure, thereby protecting the surface integrity of the incompletely cured PCB board and reducing the probability of misjudgment in appearance inspection.

[0057] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This application further proposes a limiting stop bar 141, a whole plate bar 142, and a translation drive assembly 143, which enables the limiting stop bar 141 and the whole plate bar 142 to move closer to or further away from each other along the second direction b.

[0058] Among them, the limiting stop bar 141 refers to a rigid strip structure used to limit the movement range of the PCB board. It can be made of metal or engineering plastic material and forms a reference positioning surface through fixed installation.

[0059] Among them, the whole strip 142 refers to the strip-shaped component used to push the PCB board to move. It can be made of metal or engineering plastic material, and a buffer layer can be set on its contact surface to reduce contact friction.

[0060] Among them, the translation drive component 143 refers to the power device that drives the whole plate strip 142 and the limit stop strip 141 to generate relative displacement. Specifically, it can be implemented by using a servo motor in conjunction with a lead screw and nut mechanism or a cylinder drive method, and the clamping and positioning function is realized by controlling the movement stroke.

[0061] Specifically, after the PCB board is lifted by the rolling mechanism 130 and disengaged from the conveying mechanism 110, the translation drive assembly 143 can drive the entire board strip 142 to move towards the limiting stop 141, so that the PCB board is clamped between the entire board strip 142 and the limiting stop 141 in the second direction b. With the limiting stop 141 fixed, the unidirectional movement of the entire board strip 142 can achieve precise positioning of the PCB board; if the limiting stop 141 and the entire board strip 142 move in opposite directions simultaneously, it can adapt to the positioning requirements of PCB boards of different sizes. The rolling assembly 144 can be disposed on the contact surface between the limiting stop 141 and the entire board strip 142, allowing the PCB board to roll freely along the first direction a during clamping, avoiding surface scratches.

[0062] Compared to existing technologies, traditional fixed baffles are prone to sliding friction when clamping uncured PCB boards. This solution, however, combines adjustable-gap limiting bars 141 with the entire board strip 142, along with the low-friction contact of the rolling assembly 144, achieving precise positioning while effectively reducing the risk of surface damage. Existing technologies using rigid clamping methods are prone to causing PCB board edge deformation under pressure, while this solution, through the dual protection of a buffer layer and the rolling assembly 144, ensures uniform distribution of clamping force.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, this application can avoid surface scratches during PCB board positioning, eliminating the problem of misjudgment caused by appearance damage. The adjustable distance between the limit stop 141 and the main board strip 142 adapts to the positioning needs of PCB boards of different sizes, improving equipment compatibility. The rolling assembly 144 allows the PCB board to move freely along the conveying direction during positioning, ensuring the coordination of positioning and conveying actions.

[0064] This application further proposes that the limiting stop bar 141 and the translation drive assembly 143 are both installed on the conveying mechanism 110, and the whole plate bar 142 is installed on the translation drive assembly 143. The translation drive assembly 143 can drive the whole plate bar 142 to move along the second direction b.

[0065] The limiting stop 141 is a transverse blocking component fixedly installed on the side of the conveying mechanism 110. It can be a long strip-shaped component made of metal or engineering plastic, used to form a positioning reference surface in the second direction b. The translation drive assembly 143 is a power device that provides linear motion output. It can be implemented using a servo motor and a ball screw structure, precisely adjusting the movement distance of the entire plate 142 by controlling the rotation angle of the motor. The entire plate 142 is a positioning component arranged parallel to the limiting stop 141. It can be made of aluminum profile with a low-friction coefficient coating on its surface, and achieves active positioning through the drive of the translation drive assembly 143.

[0066] Specifically, after the lifting mechanism 120 raises the rolling mechanism 130 to the working height, the translation drive assembly 143 drives the entire board strip 142 to move towards the limiting stop 141, so that the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism 130 is clamped between the entire board strip 142 and the limiting stop 141 in the second direction b. During this process, the rolling support provided by the rolling mechanism 130 ensures that the PCB board only bears the positioning thrust in the second direction b, avoiding sliding friction with the support surface of the conveying mechanism 110. The movement stroke of the entire board strip 142 can be precisely adjusted by the control module of the translation drive assembly 143 to adapt to the positioning requirements of PCB boards of different sizes.

[0067] Compared with existing technologies, current board-mounting devices typically employ a fixed limiting block combined with manual board pushing. During the positioning process, the PCB board experiences sliding friction with the support surface, which can easily damage the uncured surface. This solution, through the coordinated action of the independently driven board-mounting strip 142 and the rolling mechanism 130, achieves a combination of non-contact lifting and unidirectional positioning thrust control, effectively eliminating frictional damage to the PCB board surface during positioning.

[0068] Through the above technical solution, this application can avoid surface scratches when positioning uncured PCB boards, ensuring the accuracy of appearance inspection. The unidirectional active positioning method of the entire strip 142, combined with the rolling support structure, not only ensures positioning accuracy but also reduces the risk of contact damage, solving the technical problem of misjudgment caused by friction in traditional devices.

[0069] Please see Figure 1 This application further proposes that a rolling component 144 be provided on the side of the limiting stop bar 141 near the whole plate bar 142 or on the side of the whole plate bar 142 near the limiting stop bar 141, and the rolling component 144 can roll along the first direction a.

[0070] The rolling assembly 144 refers to a moving component consisting of a rotatable roller 132 or balls. Specifically, it can be implemented using a bearing-supported metal roller 132 or smooth ceramic balls, with its rotation axis parallel to the second direction b. This assembly reduces sliding friction with the PCB board through rolling contact, preventing scratches on the surface of the uncured PCB board.

[0071] Among them, the first direction a rolling refers to the rolling component 144 being able to generate rotational motion around its own axis as the PCB board moves along the second direction b, thereby converting sliding friction into rolling friction.

[0072] Specifically, when the translation drive assembly 143 drives the entire board strip 142 to approach the limiting stop 141, the PCB board moves along the second direction b on the rolling mechanism 130. At this time, the rolling assembly 144 contacts the edge of the PCB board and counteracts the lateral friction generated by the movement of the PCB board through its own rotation. For example, when the roller 132 assembly is installed on one side of the limiting stop 141, the edge of the PCB board contacts the surface of the roller 132, and the roller 132 rotates with the movement of the PCB board, avoiding surface damage caused by hard contact.

[0073] In some embodiments, the rolling assembly 144 may include two rows of staggered rollers 132, the axes of which are perpendicular to a first direction a and a second direction b, and the outer surfaces of the rollers 132 contact the edge lines of the PCB board. Furthermore, the surfaces of the rollers 132 may be covered with an elastic material to cushion contact pressure.

[0074] Compared to existing technologies, traditional board-mounting devices use fixed baffles that directly contact the edge of the PCB board. This results in sliding friction during movement, which can easily lead to the peeling off of uncured ink or plating. This solution uses a rolling assembly 144 to convert sliding friction into rolling friction, achieving positioning while avoiding surface damage.

[0075] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively reduces the risk of surface scratches caused by friction during the positioning process of the PCB board, avoids misjudgment caused by appearance damage, and improves the compatibility and positioning accuracy of the equipment for uncured PCB boards.

[0076] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This application further proposes that the limit stop bar 141 is provided with a limit sensor. Only the limit sensor mounting base 145 is shown in the figure. The limit sensor is used to sense the position of the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism 130.

[0077] The limit sensor is a sensor used to detect whether the PCB board has reached a preset position during the movement in the second direction b. Specifically, it can be implemented by photoelectric sensor or pressure sensor. It is installed on the side of the limit bar 141 near the rolling mechanism 130 to monitor in real time whether the edge of the PCB board contacts the limit bar 141.

[0078] Specifically, when the rolling mechanism 130 moves the PCB board along the second direction b, the limit sensor continuously detects the displacement state of the PCB board. If the PCB board moves to the position of the limit stop 141, the limit sensor will trigger a signal and feed it back to the control system, controlling the board assembly mechanism 140 to stop driving, thereby preventing the PCB board from making rigid contact with the limit stop 141 due to excessive movement. In this process, the positioning accuracy of the PCB board is determined by the detection sensitivity of the limit sensor, and there is no need to rely on manual intervention or the forced compression of mechanical limit structures.

[0079] Compared to existing technologies, traditional PCB assembly devices typically adjust the PCB position using mechanical limit blocks or manual visual adjustment, which can easily cause scratches on the uncured PCB surface due to contact pressure. This solution, however, uses non-contact sensing technology to actively stop the drive when the PCB moves to the target position, avoiding damage caused by physical contact and achieving automated positioning.

[0080] Through the above technical solution, this application can accurately control the movement distance of the PCB board in the second direction b, eliminate surface scratch defects caused by mechanical collision, thereby reducing the risk of misjudgment caused by PCB board damage during appearance inspection and improving the accuracy of inspection results.

[0081] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and should all be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A feeding and assembling device, characterized in that, The device includes a conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a rolling mechanism, and a board-assembly mechanism. The conveying mechanism is used to convey the PCB board to be inspected along a first direction. The rolling mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism and can drive the rolling mechanism to rise so that the PCB board is disengaged from the conveying mechanism. The rolling mechanism can roll along a second direction, and the board-assembly mechanism can drive the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism to move and position along the second direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect.

2. The feeding and assembling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rolling mechanism includes a rolling bracket and a plurality of rollers. The rolling bracket is mounted on the lifting mechanism, and the plurality of rollers are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket. At least some of the rollers are spaced apart along the second direction.

3. The feeding and assembling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rolling mechanism includes a rolling bracket and a plurality of balls. The rolling bracket is mounted on the lifting mechanism, and the plurality of balls are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket. At least some of the balls are spaced apart along the second direction.

4. The feeding and assembling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rolling mechanism includes a rolling bracket, a plurality of balls, and a plurality of rollers. The rolling bracket is mounted on the lifting mechanism. The plurality of rollers and the plurality of balls are rotatably mounted on the rolling bracket. At least some of the rollers and / or at least some of the balls are spaced apart along the second direction.

5. The feeding and assembling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism includes a conveying bracket, a rotary drive assembly, and multiple conveying rollers. The multiple conveying rollers are rotatably mounted on the conveying bracket and are spaced apart along the first direction. The rotary drive assembly is used to drive each of the conveying rollers to rotate.

6. The feeding and assembling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism further includes a transition support plate, which is installed on the conveying bracket and positioned between two adjacent conveying rollers. The transition support plate has a clearance hole, and the lifting mechanism can drive the rolling mechanism to rise so that the rolling mechanism passes through the clearance hole.

7. The feeding and assembling device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The plate-forming mechanism includes a limiting stop bar, a plate-forming bar, and a translation drive assembly. The translation drive assembly enables the limiting stop bar and the plate-forming bar to move closer to or further away from each other along the second direction.

8. The feeding and assembling device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting stop bar and the translation drive assembly are both installed on the conveying mechanism, and the whole plate is installed on the translation drive assembly. The translation drive assembly can drive the whole plate to move along the second direction.

9. The feeding and assembling device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting stop bar is provided with a rolling component on the side of the whole plate bar near the limiting stop bar and / or the whole plate bar is provided with a rolling component that can roll along the first direction.

10. The feeding and assembling device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting stop bar is equipped with a limiting sensor, which is used to sense the position of the PCB board placed on the rolling mechanism.

11. A PCB board appearance inspection device, characterized in that, The device includes an image recognition mechanism and a board loading and assembling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the board loading and assembling device is capable of loading the PCB board to be inspected onto the image acquisition position of the image recognition mechanism, and the image recognition mechanism is used to acquire an appearance image of the PCB board placed at the image acquisition position.

Images