An active substrate system to enhance the plant-microbe synergistic decontamination effect

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of active substrate systems of reinforcing plant-microorganism synergic decontamination effect, comprising: planting layer and emergent plant planted on planting layer, planting layer uses fine sand, biological carbon, functional microorganism, slow-release carbon source, volcanic rock and zeolite are added in planting layer, the particle size of volcanic rock is 1mm~5mm, the particle size of zeolite is 1mm~5mm, the particle size of fine sand is 0.2mm~1mm. Advantageous effect is: the planting layer of fine sand is optimized, i. e. adding volcanic rock and zeolite, enhance the water-retention and fertilizer-retention performance of planting layer, biological carbon, functional microorganism and slow-release carbon source are added simultaneously, and provide good living environment for functional microorganism bacterium agent, realize the rapid activation of functional microorganism bacterium agent and continuously exert high-efficiency decontamination effect, to improve the survival rate of emergent plant, reduce the rate of reseeding, promote the reinforced reduction of planting layer plant-microorganism to pollutant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of reclaimed water reuse technology, specifically to an active matrix system that enhances the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms. Background Technology

[0002] The policy of reclaimed water reuse is not only a strategic choice to address the water resource crisis, but also a key path to achieve the "dual carbon" goal and promote green development. Constructed wetland technology is one of the key technologies for wastewater reuse. Constructed wetland technology has many advantages such as low cost, good effect, simple operation and maintenance, and good landscape ecology. Among them, subsurface flow constructed wetlands have a good comprehensive removal effect on pollutants due to their good oxygen replenishment environment and are not easy to clog. They are widely used in the fields of wastewater treatment plant effluent, rural domestic sewage, and non-point source pollution control. Wastewater treated by constructed wetlands can be used as municipal greening water, agricultural irrigation water, industrial cooling and recycling water, or directly discharged into rivers and lakes to replenish water for water-scarce areas.

[0003] During the operation of subsurface flow constructed wetlands, since the main and branch pipes are buried under the planting layer, fine sand is often used instead of soil in the planting layer to reduce the negative impacts of leaching pollution and clogging on the subsurface flow constructed wetland. However, fine sand has poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, which often causes the emergent plants planted on the planting layer to die, requiring frequent replanting. This not only increases the operation and maintenance costs, but also weakens the effect of plants and the planting layer on reducing pollutants. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an active matrix system that enhances the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: An active matrix system for enhancing the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms includes: a planting layer and emergent plants planted on the planting layer. The planting layer is made of fine sand and contains biochar, functional microorganisms, slow-release carbon sources, volcanic rock, and zeolite. The particle size of the volcanic rock is 1 mm to 5 mm, the particle size of the zeolite is 1 mm to 5 mm, and the particle size of the fine sand is 0.2 mm to 1 mm.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: The planting layer of fine sand is optimized by adding volcanic rock and zeolite to enhance its water and fertilizer retention capacity, improve the survival rate of emergent plants, and reduce operation and maintenance costs. After the planting layer is optimized, it can not only maintain the previous negative effects of pollution and blockage of the lower artificial wetland, but also enhance its water and fertilizer retention capacity, which greatly reduces the survival rate and replanting rate of emergent plants, saves operation and maintenance costs, and strengthens the removal of pollutants by emergent plants. Zeolite and volcanic rock have good removal effects on ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, respectively. Biochar itself has the function of adsorbing and filtering pollutants, such as adsorbing and reducing heavy metals, antibiotics, suspended solids (SS), and recalcitrant organic matter. It has an attachment carrier (biochar as a carrier) and growth factors (slow-release carbon source as a growth factor), which enables functional microbial agents to be quickly activated and exert a highly efficient pollutant removal effect. At the same time, it can also help plants absorb nutrients and resist pathogens. Therefore, in summary, the active matrix system that enhances the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms not only has a good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect, but also has a good reduction effect on heavy metals, antibiotics, SS, and recalcitrant organic matter. Adding functional microorganisms to the planting layer helps plants resist pathogens and adverse conditions (drought, salinity) by inducing systemic resistance (ISR), enabling emergent plants to survive in harsh environments. This enhances the stress resistance of emergent plants and allows them to reduce pollutants. Biochar provides a favorable living environment for functional microbial agents. The slow-release carbon source enables the rapid activation of functional microbial agents and allows them to exert a sustained and efficient decontamination effect, thereby improving the survival rate of emergent plants, reducing the replanting rate, and promoting the enhanced reduction of pollutants by the plant-microbe combination in the planting layer. Application scenarios are expanded, such as addressing non-point source pollution: The active matrix system can not only be used as a planting layer in subsurface flow constructed wetlands to better reduce wastewater in the wetlands, but it can also be used as a filtration and interception system for non-point source pollution to treat initial rainwater with a large pollution load. As a pretreatment before entering the constructed wetland, it reduces the risk of blockage in the core filler area of ​​the constructed wetland and enhances the pollutant reduction effect of the constructed wetland. As a pretreatment process (soil infiltration bed) for non-point source pollution entering rivers and lakes, it reduces the degree of pollution of rivers and lakes by initial rainwater.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, the amount of biochar added to the planting layer is 300 kg / mu to 500 kg / mu.

[0009] Furthermore, the amount of functional microorganisms added to the planting layer is 100 kg / mu to 400 kg / mu.

[0010] Furthermore, the amount of slow-release carbon source added to the planting layer is 1870 kg / mu to 5600 kg / mu.

[0011] Furthermore, emergent plants include one or more of the following: sweet flag, canna lily, and reed.

[0012] The further beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned method are: this type of emergent plant has a good effect on removing pollutants and is a perennial native species.

[0013] Furthermore, the functional microorganisms are one or more of the following: Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

[0014] Furthermore, the volume ratio of fine sand, volcanic rock, and zeolite is 5:2.5:2.5 to 4:3:3.

[0015] Furthermore, a water distribution blanket is laid below the planting layer, and water distribution trunk and branch pipes are laid between the planting layer and the water distribution blanket.

[0016] The further beneficial effects of the above-mentioned method are as follows: the main function of the water distribution blanket is to prevent smaller particles in the planting layer from migrating downwards and clogging the artificial wetland filler system. At the same time, it redistributes the water outflow from the water distribution branch pipes, making the wastewater more evenly distributed in the artificial wetland and enhancing the removal effect of pollutants.

[0017] Furthermore, the water distribution blanket adopts a 500-type uniform water distribution blanket. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the active matrix system for enhancing the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms in this invention.

[0019] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Planting layer, 2. Emergent plants, 3. Biochar, 4. Functional microorganisms, 5. Slow-release carbon source, 6. Volcanic rock, 7. Zeolite, 8. Water distribution blanket. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an active matrix system for enhancing the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms includes: Planting layer 1 and emergent plants 2 planted on planting layer 1. Planting layer 1 is made of fine sand. Biochar 3, functional microorganisms 4, slow-release carbon source 5, volcanic rock 6 and zeolite 7 are added to planting layer 1. Fine sand is used to support emergent plants 2. Volcanic rock 6 has a good effect on phosphorus adsorption. Zeolite 7 has a good effect on ammonia nitrogen adsorption. The particle size of volcanic rock 6 is 1mm to 5mm, the particle size of zeolite 7 is 1mm to 5mm, and the particle size of fine sand is 0.2mm to 1mm. The function of biochar 3 added to planting layer 1 is as follows: ① It can be used as a conditioner for planting layer 1 to improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of planting layer 1, increase the survival rate of plants, reduce the replanting rate, and enhance the overall removal of pollutants by plants. ② It can serve as a microbial carrier. The well-developed porous structure of biochar 3 provides a habitat for beneficial microorganisms (such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi), enhancing the biological activity of the planting layer 1. ③ Reduce pollutants: Biochar 3 contains abundant active groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which can fix heavy metals (such as lead and cadmium) and organic pollutants (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in soil or water through physical adsorption and chemical binding, and reduce pollutants such as suspended solids (SS) and antibiotics through filtration and interception. ④ Reduce greenhouse gas emissions, suppress the release of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in planting layer 1, and alleviate agricultural carbon emissions; The functions of the functional microorganisms 4 added to the planting layer 1 are as follows: By decomposing organic matter, plants promote nutrient absorption (such as phosphorus solubilization and nitrogen fixation) or secrete plant hormones (such as auxins) to enhance plant stress resistance. In addition, plant roots provide carbon sources for functional microorganisms through secretions (such as sugars and organic acids), forming a mutually beneficial rhizosphere microenvironment. The function of the slow-release carbon source 5 added to the planting layer 1 is as follows: The slow-release carbon source 5 has strong slow-release performance, continuously providing the carbon source required for the growth of microorganisms without any negative impact on the environment. It enables the functional microorganism 4 agent to be quickly activated and can continuously exert a highly efficient decontamination effect. The slow-release carbon source 5 adopts existing technology, and for details, please refer to the patent document with application number 2024111291606.

[0022] The planting layer 1 of fine sand was optimized by adding volcanic rock and zeolite to enhance its water and fertilizer retention capacity, improve the survival rate of emergent plants 2, and reduce operation and maintenance costs. After the optimization of planting layer 1, it not only maintained the previous negative effects of pollution and blockage of the lower artificial wetland, but also enhanced its water and fertilizer retention capacity, which greatly reduced the survival rate and replanting rate of emergent plants 2, saved operation and maintenance costs, and strengthened the removal effect of emergent plants 2 on pollutants. Zeolite 7 and volcanic rock 6 have good removal effects on ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, respectively. Biochar 3 itself has the function of adsorbing and filtering pollutants, such as adsorbing and reducing heavy metals, antibiotics, SS, and recalcitrant organic matter. It has an attachment carrier (biochar 3 as a carrier) and growth factors (slow-release carbon source 5 as a growth factor), which enables the functional microbial agent 4 to be quickly activated and exert a highly efficient pollutant removal effect. At the same time, it can also help plants absorb nutrients and resist pathogens. Therefore, in summary, the active matrix system that enhances the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms not only has a good denitrification and phosphorus removal effect, but also has a good reduction effect on heavy metals, antibiotics, SS, and recalcitrant organic matter. Functional microorganisms are added to the planting layer 1. These microorganisms help plants resist pathogens and adverse conditions (drought, salinity) by inducing systemic resistance (ISR). The working principle of this part is the existing technology. This technical solution does not improve the principle, so that emergent plants 2 can survive in harsh environments. That is, it enhances the stress resistance of emergent plants 2 and plays a role in reducing pollutants. Biochar 3 provides a good living environment for functional microorganisms 4, and slow-release carbon source 5 enables the rapid activation of functional microorganisms 4 and the continuous exertion of efficient decontamination effect, thereby improving the survival rate of emergent plants 2, reducing the replanting rate, and promoting the enhanced reduction of pollutants by plants and microorganisms in the planting layer. Application scenarios are expanded, such as addressing non-point source pollution: The active matrix system can not only be used as the planting layer 1 in subsurface flow constructed wetlands to better reduce wastewater in the wetlands, but it can also be used as a filtration and interception system for non-point source pollution to treat initial rainwater with a large pollution load. As a pretreatment before entering the constructed wetland, it reduces the risk of blockage in the core filler area of ​​the constructed wetland and enhances the pollutant reduction effect of the constructed wetland. As a pretreatment process (soil infiltration bed) for non-point source pollution entering rivers and lakes, it reduces the degree of pollution of rivers and lakes by initial rainwater. Example 2

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 1, as detailed below: The amount of biochar 3 added to the planting layer 1 is 300 kg / mu to 500 kg / mu. Biochar 3 can be produced by crushing agricultural waste and / or forestry residues into 1 mm to 5 mm fragments and then pyrolyzing them at 600℃ to 800℃ under limited or anaerobic conditions to decompose biomass and generate biochar. It has the characteristics of well-developed pores, increased specific surface area, enhanced adsorption capacity, and stable performance. Agricultural waste can be one or more of straw, rice husks, peanut shells, and coconut shells, and forestry residues can be one or two of sawdust and bark. Example 3

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 1 or 2, as detailed below: The amount of functional microorganism 4 added to planting layer 1 is 100 kg / mu to 400 kg / mu, and the amount of slow-release carbon source 5 added to planting layer 1 is 1870 kg / mu to 5600 kg / mu.

[0025] Emergent plants 2 are one or more of the following: sweet flag, canna lily, and reed. These emergent plants 2 have a good effect on removing pollutants and are perennial native species.

[0026] Functional microorganism 4 is one or more of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR), mycorrhizal fungi, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

[0027] The preferred volume ratio of fine sand, volcanic rock 6 and zeolite 7 is 5:2.5:2.5 to 4:3:3. Example 4

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 1, 2, or 3, as detailed below: A water distribution blanket 8 is laid below the planting layer 1. Water distribution main and branch pipes are laid between the planting layer 1 and the water distribution blanket 8. The main function of the water distribution blanket 8 is to prevent smaller particles from the planting layer 1 from migrating downwards and clogging the artificial wetland filler system. At the same time, it redistributes the water outflow from the water distribution branch pipes, making the wastewater more evenly distributed in the artificial wetland and enhancing the removal effect of pollutants. The water distribution blanket 8 is a 500 type uniform water distribution blanket.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active matrix system for enhancing the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms, comprising: The planting layer (1) and emergent plants (2) planted on the planting layer (1) are characterized by the addition of biochar (3), functional microorganisms (4), slow-release carbon source (5), volcanic rock (6) and zeolite (7) to the planting layer (1), wherein the particle size of the volcanic rock (6) is 1 mm to 5 mm, the particle size of the zeolite (7) is 1 mm to 5 mm, and the particle size of the fine sand is 0.2 mm to 1 mm.

2. The active matrix system for enhancing the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergent plants (2) are one or more of the following: calamus, canna lily, and reed.

3. An active matrix system for enhancing the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A water distribution blanket (8) is laid below the planting layer (1), and water distribution trunk and branch pipes are laid between the planting layer (1) and the water distribution blanket (8).

4. The active matrix system for enhancing the synergistic decontamination effect of plants and microorganisms according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water distribution blanket (8) is a 500 type uniform water distribution blanket.

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