Waste hydrochloric acid purification system

Abstract

This application discloses a waste hydrochloric acid purification system, comprising, in sequence, a raw liquid tank, an oxidation reaction tank, a filter, an adsorption reaction tank, an ultrafiltration module, a first nanofiltration module, and a finished product tank. The oxidation reaction tank is used to oxidize the solution; the adsorption reaction tank is used to adsorb organic matter in the solution; the first nanofiltration module is connected to the purified water outlet of the ultrafiltration module; and the finished product tank is connected to the purified water outlet of the first nanofiltration module. Using the above-mentioned waste hydrochloric acid purification system, the waste liquid is first oxidized, and after the filter removes suspended solids and particulate matter, the adsorption reaction tank adsorbs organic matter. Subsequently, it undergoes fine filtration through the ultrafiltration module and the nanofiltration module, and the filtered dilute hydrochloric acid is stored in the finished product tank. Because this waste hydrochloric acid purification system can recycle and reuse hydrochloric acid, it eliminates the need for large amounts of lime for neutralization and avoids significant acid waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of waste liquid treatment equipment, specifically relating to a waste hydrochloric acid purification system. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrochloric acid is a commonly used chemical product, widely used in steel, electroplating, and rare earth smelting. In hydrometallurgical extraction processes, high-concentration hydrochloric acid is often used for back-extraction to regenerate the organic phase, producing iron-containing waste hydrochloric acid. This solution contains organic matter, heavy metals, and low-concentration hydrochloric acid. Neutralizing with lime would result in significant acid waste and require large quantities of lime. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a waste hydrochloric acid purification system that can recycle the aforementioned waste hydrochloric acid without the need for lime and without causing a large amount of acid to be wasted.

[0004] The technical solution proposed in this application is as follows: A waste hydrochloric acid purification system, comprising: Raw material tank: An oxidation reaction vessel, located downstream of the original liquid tank, is used to oxidize the solution; A filter is located downstream of the oxidation reactor; An adsorption reaction vessel, located downstream of the filter, is used to adsorb organic matter in the solution; An ultrafiltration module and a first nanofiltration module are sequentially disposed downstream of the adsorption reaction tank, and the first nanofiltration module is connected to the purified water outlet of the ultrafiltration module. The finished product tank is located downstream of the first nanofiltration module and connected to the purified water outlet of the first nanofiltration module.

[0005] The waste hydrochloric acid purification system described above first oxidizes the waste liquid, then removes suspended solids and particulate matter through a filter. An adsorption reactor then adsorbs organic matter, followed by fine filtration through ultrafiltration and nanofiltration components. The filtered dilute hydrochloric acid is stored in a finished product tank. Because this waste hydrochloric acid purification system can recycle and reuse hydrochloric acid, it eliminates the need for large amounts of lime for neutralization and avoids significant acid waste.

[0006] Furthermore, the wastewater outlet of the ultrafiltration component is connected to the raw liquid tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system also includes a first working pump, which is connected to the raw liquid tank and the oxidation reaction tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system also includes a second working pump, which is connected to the oxidation reaction tank and the filter.

[0009] Furthermore, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system also includes a third working pump, which is connected to the adsorption reaction tank and the ultrafiltration assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system also includes a storage tank and a fourth working pump. The storage tank is connected to the purified water outlet of the ultrafiltration component, and the fourth working pump is connected to the storage tank and the first nanofiltration component.

[0011] Furthermore, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system also includes a second nanofiltration module, which is connected to the wastewater outlet of the first nanofiltration module, and the finished product tank is also connected to the purified water outlet of the second nanofiltration module.

[0012] Furthermore, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system also includes a fifth working pump, which is connected to the wastewater outlet of the first nanofiltration module and the second nanofiltration module.

[0013] Furthermore, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system also includes a neutralization sedimentation tank, which is connected to the wastewater outlet of the second nanofiltration component.

[0014] Furthermore, the oxidation reaction vessel is filled with hydrogen peroxide. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste hydrochloric acid purification system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Label Explanation: 11. Raw material tank; 12. Oxidation reaction tank; 13. Filter; 14. Adsorption reaction tank; 15. Ultrafiltration module; 16. First nanofiltration module; 17. Finished product tank; 21. First working pump; 22. Second working pump; 23. Third working pump; 18. Storage tank; 24. Fourth working pump; 19. Second nanofiltration module; 25. Fifth working pump. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0023] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of this application provides a waste hydrochloric acid purification system, including a raw liquid tank 11, an oxidation reaction tank 12, a filter 13, an adsorption reaction tank 14, an ultrafiltration component 15, a first nanofiltration component 16, and a finished product tank 17 arranged sequentially.

[0025] The raw material tank 11 is used to store waste hydrochloric acid, which contains low concentrations of hydrochloric acid, organic matter, and heavy metals. The oxidation reaction tank 12 is used to oxidize the waste hydrochloric acid, oxidizing ferrous iron to ferric iron and partially oxidizing manganese to manganese dioxide. Simultaneously, the combination of ferrous iron and hydrogen peroxide acts as a Fenton effect, further oxidizing and degrading organic matter. Next, filter 13 removes suspended solids and large particulate impurities from the oxidized solution. The filtered solution then enters the adsorption reaction tank 14, where organic matter is adsorbed. The solution after organic matter adsorption continues to the ultrafiltration module 15 for fine filtration. The finely filtered solution then enters the first nanofiltration module 16, where heavy metals are removed. The purified water produced by the first nanofiltration module 16 is stored in the finished product tank 17. The purified water produced by the first nanofiltration module 16 is purified dilute hydrochloric acid, which can be reused.

[0026] It should be explained that in the oxidation reaction tank 12, ferrous iron is oxidized to ferric iron, which has a certain flocculation effect. The solution is then subjected to filtration, adsorption, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration in sequence, which improves the removal rate of ferric iron. Simultaneously, as organic matter degrades, the complexed metals dissociate into ionic states, further increasing the probability of metal ion oxidation and thus further improving the heavy metal removal rate. Furthermore, after the oxidation reaction, the suspended solids in the solution are first coarsely filtered through filter 13, which can reduce the likelihood of clogging in the subsequent adsorption reaction tank 14.

[0027] The waste hydrochloric acid purification system described above first oxidizes the waste liquid. After removing suspended solids and particulate matter through filter 13, the organic matter is adsorbed in adsorption reaction tank 14. Subsequently, it undergoes fine filtration through ultrafiltration module 15 and nanofiltration module. The filtered dilute hydrochloric acid is stored in product tank 17. Because this waste hydrochloric acid purification system can recycle and reuse hydrochloric acid, it eliminates the need for large amounts of lime for neutralization and avoids significant acid waste.

[0028] In one embodiment, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system further includes a first working pump 21, a second working pump 22, and a third working pump 23. The first working pump 21 is connected to the raw liquid tank 11 and the oxidation reaction tank 12 to pump the waste liquid in the raw liquid tank 11 into the oxidation reaction tank 12; the second working pump 22 is connected to the oxidation reaction tank 12 and the filter 13 to pump the solution after oxidation reaction in the oxidation reaction tank 12 into the filter 13; and the third working pump 23 is connected to the adsorption reaction tank 14 and the ultrafiltration module 15 to pump the solution after adsorption treatment into the ultrafiltration module 15.

[0029] In one embodiment, the oxidation reaction tank 12 is filled with hydrogen peroxide, that is, the waste liquid is oxidized in the oxidation reaction tank 12 using hydrogen peroxide. Specifically, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 25-30%, and the mass ratio of the added waste liquid to hydrogen peroxide is 10:1.

[0030] In one embodiment, the filter 13 is acid-resistant, and the filter material in the filter 13 is polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene, with a filtration accuracy of 1~5μm, such as 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, or 5μm.

[0031] In one embodiment, the adsorbent material in the adsorption reaction vessel 14 is powdered activated carbon or granular activated carbon, and the residence time of the solution in the adsorption reaction vessel 14 is 20~40 min, for example 20 min, 25 min, 30 min, 35 min, or 40 min.

[0032] In one embodiment, the wastewater outlet of the ultrafiltration module 15 is connected to the feed tank 11 to further improve the extraction rate of hydrochloric acid in the wastewater. The filter material in the ultrafiltration module 15 can also be an acid-resistant material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). After the ultrafiltration module 15 becomes contaminated, it can be chemically cleaned using complexing agents such as EDTA, citric acid, or oxalic acid.

[0033] In one embodiment, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system further includes a storage tank 18 and a fourth working pump 24. The storage tank 18 is connected to the purified water outlet of the ultrafiltration module 15 to collect the solution after fine filtration by the ultrafiltration module 15; the fourth working pump 24 is connected to the storage tank 18 and the first nanofiltration module 16 to pump the solution in the storage tank 18 into the first nanofiltration module 16.

[0034] In one embodiment, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system further includes a second nanofiltration module 19. The second nanofiltration module 19 is connected to the wastewater outlet of the first nanofiltration module 16 to further filter the wastewater generated by the first nanofiltration module 16, and the finished product tank 17 is also connected to the purified water outlet of the second nanofiltration module 19. This further improves the hydrochloric acid extraction rate.

[0035] Furthermore, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system also includes a fifth working pump 25. The fifth working pump 25 is connected to the wastewater outlet of the first nanofiltration module 16 and the second nanofiltration module 19 to pump the wastewater generated by the first nanofiltration module 16 into the second nanofiltration module 19.

[0036] It should be noted that both the first nanofiltration module 16 and the second nanofiltration module 19 described above use acid-resistant nanofiltration membranes. The material of the nanofiltration membrane can be one of sulfonic acid, piperazine, polyamide, or ceramic. In practical applications, the yield of the first nanofiltration module 16 is 50-70%, and the removal rate of ferric iron is greater than 95%. The yield of the second nanofiltration module 19 is 40-60%, and the removal rate of ferric iron is greater than 90%. Furthermore, if the nanofiltration modules become contaminated, they can be chemically cleaned using complexing agents such as EDTA, citric acid, or oxalic acid.

[0037] In one embodiment, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system further includes a neutralization sedimentation tank. The neutralization sedimentation tank is connected to the wastewater outlet of the second nanofiltration module 19 to neutralize and precipitate the solution filtered by the two nanofiltration modules. Specifically, the neutralization sedimentation tank can use liquid alkali for neutralization and precipitation. It is understood that the wastewater generated by the second nanofiltration module 19 contains relatively little hydrochloric acid, and even with neutralization and precipitation, it will not consume too much liquid alkali.

[0038] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of this application, the process flow of the waste hydrochloric acid purification system in the above embodiments is described below: The first working pump 21 pumps the waste hydrochloric acid from the raw solution tank 11 into the oxidation reaction tank 12. The hydrogen peroxide in the oxidation reaction tank 12 oxidizes the waste hydrochloric acid for 30 minutes. Ferrous iron in the waste liquid is oxidized to ferric iron, and ferrous manganese is oxidized to manganese dioxide, thus degrading the organic matter. After the oxidation reaction is complete, the second working pump 22 pumps the reacted solution into the filter 13 to remove suspended solids and large particulate impurities. The filtered solution then enters the adsorption reaction tank 14. The adsorption time in the adsorption reaction tank 14 is 30 minutes, where activated carbon adsorbs the organic matter from the solution. The adsorbed solution is then pumped into the ultrafiltration module 15 by the third working pump 23. The finely filtered solution from the ultrafiltration module 15 enters the storage tank 18, while the waste liquid is returned to the raw solution tank 11 through the wastewater outlet. The fourth working pump 24 pumps the solution in the storage tank 18 into the first nanofiltration module 16 for filtration. The filtered solution then enters the finished product tank 17 for storage. Wastewater generated by the first nanofiltration module 16 is pumped into the second nanofiltration module 19 through the fifth working pump 25. The solution filtered by the second nanofiltration module 19 enters the finished product tank 17 for storage, while the wastewater generated by the second nanofiltration module 19 enters the neutralization sedimentation tank for neutralization and sedimentation treatment.

[0039] Based on Table 1, it can be determined that the waste hydrochloric acid purification system described in the above embodiments can effectively remove heavy metals and organic matter from waste hydrochloric acid and achieve hydrochloric acid recovery.

[0040] Table 1 Water quality at different process stages In summary, the waste hydrochloric acid purification system provided in this application has at least the following advantages: 1. It can collect hydrochloric acid from waste hydrochloric acid, thus avoiding the waste of acid; 2. It can remove heavy metals and organic matter from waste hydrochloric acid, thereby improving the purity of the collected dilute hydrochloric acid; 3. By utilizing the sieving and charge repulsion of nanofiltration membranes to remove high-valence metals from the solution, the extraction rate of hydrochloric acid is improved.

[0041] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waste hydrochloric acid purification system, characterized in that, include: Raw material tank: An oxidation reaction vessel, located downstream of the original liquid tank, is used to oxidize the solution; A filter is located downstream of the oxidation reactor; An adsorption reaction vessel, located downstream of the filter, is used to adsorb organic matter in the solution; An ultrafiltration module and a first nanofiltration module are sequentially disposed downstream of the adsorption reaction tank, and the first nanofiltration module is connected to the purified water outlet of the ultrafiltration module. The finished product tank is located downstream of the first nanofiltration module and connected to the purified water outlet of the first nanofiltration module.

2. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wastewater outlet of the ultrafiltration unit is connected to the raw liquid tank.

3. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first working pump, which is connected to the raw liquid tank and the oxidation reaction tank.

4. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second working pump, which is connected to the oxidation reaction vessel and the filter.

5. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a third working pump, which is connected to the adsorption reaction vessel and the ultrafiltration assembly.

6. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a storage tank and a fourth working pump. The storage tank is connected to the purified water outlet of the ultrafiltration component, and the fourth working pump is connected to the storage tank and the first nanofiltration component.

7. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second nanofiltration unit, which is connected to the wastewater outlet of the first nanofiltration unit, and the finished product tank is also connected to the clean water outlet of the second nanofiltration unit.

8. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a fifth working pump, which is connected to the wastewater outlet of the first nanofiltration module and the second nanofiltration module.

9. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a neutralization sedimentation tank, which is connected to the wastewater outlet of the second nanofiltration module.

10. The waste hydrochloric acid purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxidation reaction vessel is filled with hydrogen peroxide.

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