Integrated treatment unit for rural sewage

Abstract

This utility model provides an integrated treatment device for rural sewage, belonging to the field of sewage treatment technology. It includes: a shell, with multiple partitions dividing the shell into a buffer chamber, a pretreatment zone, a sedimentation zone, a biochemical zone, a filtration zone, and a disinfection zone; an inlet pipe on the side wall of the buffer chamber, connected to a sewage collection network via a pipeline; a submersible pump at the bottom of the buffer chamber; multiple parallel-installed grids in the pretreatment zone; suspended biochemical packing in the biochemical zone; and an outlet pipe on the other side wall of the disinfection zone. This device has a simple and compact structure, is easy to operate, achieves modular treatment and integrated assembly, occupies a small area, is easy to move and transport, and is convenient to install and maintain. It requires minimal supervision during operation and can effectively solve rural sewage treatment problems, making it suitable for rural courtyards, open spaces, and other similar scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to an integrated treatment device for rural wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] With China's rapid economic development and the continuous advancement of urbanization, the economy has achieved tremendous growth and improvement. However, the discharge of wastewater from villages and towns has also increased year by year, leading to increasingly serious environmental pollution problems. Compared to urban wastewater treatment, wastewater treatment in some villages and towns is relatively backward. Many villages and towns lack wastewater collection and treatment systems, resulting in wastewater being directly discharged into surrounding water bodies or soil, causing significant environmental pollution. Due to the large and widely distributed rural population in my country, damage to the ecological environment of villages and towns has become a major source of pollution in China's major river basins. This not only directly threatens the health of farmers and hinders rural economic development but also poses a significant threat to urban residents in the polluted river basins. Therefore, the treatment of rural wastewater is urgently needed.

[0003] Currently, the main approach to treating rural sewage is to construct sewage treatment facilities at the sewage discharge points for on-site treatment. However, compared to urban sewage treatment, rural sewage has its own characteristics: rural sewage mainly consists of domestic wastewater, which has a relatively fixed composition, primarily containing organic matter such as carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and fats, as well as pathogenic microorganisms. It is also characterized by small flow rates and drastic fluctuations in water quality and quantity. Furthermore, the large number of rural sewage treatment stations coupled with a lack of professional technicians makes the operation and maintenance of these relatively complex facilities difficult, leading to malfunctions and frequent exceedances of effluent standards. In addition, most existing sewage treatment facilities adopt civil engineering structures, which cannot be moved or transported, thus failing to meet the requirements for off-site utilization. Moreover, these facilities are often decentralized with low integration, resulting in large land occupation, long construction times, and susceptibility to weather conditions. Therefore, this utility model, by combining the characteristics of rural domestic sewage generation and discharge with consideration for investment and operational economics, specifically designs an integrated treatment device to address these problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides an integrated treatment device for rural sewage, which solves the problems of low integration, large area occupation, inconvenience of mobile transportation, complex operation and maintenance of existing rural sewage treatment facilities.

[0005] Specifically, this utility model provides an integrated treatment device for rural sewage, comprising: a shell, wherein multiple partitions are provided in the shell, the partitions dividing the shell into a buffer chamber, a pretreatment zone, a sedimentation zone, a biochemical zone, a filtration zone, and a disinfection zone according to the water flow direction; an inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the buffer chamber, the inlet pipe being connected to a sewage collection network via a pipeline; a submersible pump is provided at the bottom of the buffer chamber, the submersible pump delivering sewage to the lower middle part of the pretreatment zone via a pipeline, the pretreatment zone being provided with multiple parallel-installed grids; the pretreatment zone being connected to the sedimentation zone via an overflow outlet on the upper part of the side wall; the sedimentation zone being connected to the biochemical zone via an overflow outlet on the upper part of another side wall; the biochemical zone being provided with suspended biochemical packing; the biochemical zone being connected to the filtration zone via an outlet at the bottom of another side wall; the filtration zone being connected to the disinfection zone via an overflow outlet on the upper part of another side wall, and an outlet pipe being provided on the other side wall of the disinfection zone.

[0006] Furthermore, the shell material is fiberglass, polyethylene, or stainless steel; the shell is a cuboid or cylindrical box.

[0007] Furthermore, multiple screens in the pretreatment zone are detachably installed and tilted downwards at an angle of 30-60°; the outlet for the sewage pumped in by the submersible pump is located below the tilt of the screens.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the sedimentation zone is inclined, and a sludge discharge port is provided at the lower end of the inclined bottom of the sedimentation zone. A sludge discharge valve is provided at the sludge discharge port, and the sludge discharge valve can be connected to the septic tank through a pipe. The sedimentation zone adopts a folded plate structure, an inclined plate structure, or a horizontal flow natural sedimentation structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the biochemical packing material in the biochemical zone is either suspended ball packing or three-dimensional elastic packing material, and a self-priming aerator is also provided at the bottom of the biochemical zone.

[0010] Furthermore, the filtration zone is filled with quartz sand, and the particle size of the quartz sand is set from large to small along the direction of water flow.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple ultraviolet lamps are evenly installed on the four side walls of the disinfection area; the water outlet pipe can be connected to the recycled water tank through a pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, a liquid level sensor is installed in the buffer chamber, and a dissolved oxygen sensor is installed in the biochemical zone; an electrical control cabinet is also installed on the outside of the side wall of the shell, and the liquid level sensor, the submersible pump, the dissolved oxygen sensor, the self-priming aerator and multiple ultraviolet lamps are electrically connected to the electrical control cabinet through wires.

[0013] The integrated treatment device for rural sewage of this utility model has the following advantages: 1) This device integrates traditionally separate wastewater treatment methods and equipment, such as bar screen treatment, pre-sedimentation, biofilm process, quartz sand filtration, and ultraviolet disinfection, into a single housing through pipes, partitions, or cavities, forming an integrated structure that reduces the floor space required (typically ≤5m² in rural applications). 2 It is convenient for mobile transportation, has a short overall construction and installation time, and is not restricted by weather, thus reducing the overall construction cost.

[0014] 2) The device has a simple and compact overall structure. Details have been improved to suit the conditions of villages and towns. It can be used simply by connecting the sewage to the shell at the point of use. The device has strong impact resistance, does not require manual supervision during operation, and is easy to automate. The equipment is easy to maintain (replace / clean) and does not require professional technicians. It is suitable for various small-scale villages and towns with small water volumes. It has low operating costs and can effectively solve the problem of sewage treatment in villages and towns, with significant economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of an integrated treatment device for rural sewage provided in one embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an integrated treatment device for rural sewage provided in one embodiment of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the automated control relationship provided for one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Shell, 2. Buffer chamber, 3. Pretreatment zone, 4. Sedimentation zone, 5. Biochemical zone, 6. Filtration zone, 7. Disinfection zone, 8. Electrical control cabinet, 11. Partition, 12. Inlet pipe, 13. Outlet pipe, 21. Submersible pump, 22. Liquid level sensor, 31. Grille, 41. Sludge discharge port, 42. Sludge discharge valve, 51. Biochemical packing, 52. Self-priming aerator, 53. Dissolved oxygen sensor, 71. Ultraviolet lamp. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model discloses an integrated treatment device for rural sewage, comprising: a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 is provided with multiple partitions 11, which divide the shell 1 into a buffer chamber 2, a pretreatment zone 3, a sedimentation zone 4, a biochemical zone 5, a filtration zone 6, and a disinfection zone 7 according to the water flow direction; an inlet pipe 12 is provided on the side wall of the buffer chamber 2, and the inlet pipe 12 is connected to the sewage collection network through a pipeline; a submersible pump 21 is provided at the bottom of the buffer chamber 2, and the submersible pump 21 delivers sewage to the pretreatment zone 6 through a pipeline. In the lower middle part of the treatment zone 3, the pretreatment zone 3 is equipped with multiple parallel-installed grids 31; the pretreatment zone 3 is connected to the sedimentation zone 4 through an overflow outlet on the upper part of the side wall; the sedimentation zone 4 is connected to the biochemical zone 5 through an overflow outlet on the upper part of the other side wall; the biochemical zone 5 is equipped with suspended biochemical packing material 51; the biochemical zone 5 is connected to the filtration zone 6 through an outlet at the bottom of the other side wall; the filtration zone 6 is connected to the disinfection zone 7 through an overflow outlet on the upper part of the other side wall; and the disinfection zone 7 has an outlet pipe 13 on its other side wall.

[0020] The inlet pipe 12 on the shell 1 connects the sewage collection network and the buffer chamber 2, which can be used to cope with the shock load caused by intermittent drainage in villages and towns (such as concentrated water use in the morning and evening). The sewage is sent to the pretreatment zone 3 by the submersible pump 21, where the screen 31 is used for solid-liquid separation to remove larger particles and fibrous materials. The sedimentation zone 4 can be used for sedimentation separation again. Then, the biochemical packing material 51 in the biochemical zone 5 is used for biodegradation reaction to remove organic pollutants (including BOD, COD, ammonia nitrogen, etc.) and suspended solids in the sewage. After further purification in the filtration zone 6, the effluent is disinfected in the disinfection zone 7 and meets the reuse standards. It can be reused for farmland irrigation, etc., saving water resources and with significant environmental benefits.

[0021] This device has a simple and compact structure, is easy to operate, realizes modular processing and integrated assembly, occupies a small area, is easy to move and transport, and is convenient to install, maintain and repair. It basically does not require professional technicians to supervise it during operation. It can effectively solve the problem of rural sewage treatment, which is in line with the development direction of rural sewage treatment technology. It is used for the treatment of scattered domestic sewage in villages and towns, the renovation and upgrading of existing sewage treatment facilities, and the treatment of sewage from temporary sewage discharge points. It is suitable for scenarios such as village and town courtyards and open spaces.

[0022] Preferably, the shell 1 is made of fiberglass, polyethylene (PE), or stainless steel; the shell 1 is a cuboid or cylindrical box. The shell 1 is made of a corrosion-resistant material, offering advantages such as lightweight construction, ease of transport, and on-site hoisting. The shell 1 can be enclosed or semi-enclosed, as selected by the user. However, it should be noted that when the shell 1 is enclosed, a ventilation opening should be provided at the top of the shell 1 to facilitate exhaust and balance the air pressure inside and outside the shell 1. A bracket or other support frame can also be provided below the shell 1 to support the device, facilitating placement and loading / unloading.

[0023] Preferably, the multiple screens 31 in the pretreatment zone 3 are detachably installed, and the screens 31 are inclined downwards at an angle of 30-60°; the sewage outlet of the submersible pump 21 is located below the inclined screen 31. After the sewage enters the pretreatment zone 3 from the buffer chamber 2, it flows through the screens 31 for water quality homogenization. At the same time, the solid components in the sewage (including larger particles and fibrous materials) are intercepted on one side of the screens 31 and are cleaned regularly to eliminate any adverse effects on subsequent treatment. The detachable installation of the screens 31 makes it convenient for villagers to manually remove and clean them regularly, and correspondingly, no special tools are required, which greatly reduces the difficulty of maintenance and broadens the usage conditions.

[0024] Preferably, the bottom of the sedimentation zone 4 is inclined, and a sludge discharge port 41 is provided at the inclined lower end of the bottom of the sedimentation zone 4. A sludge discharge valve 42 is provided at the sludge discharge port 41, and the sludge discharge valve 42 can be connected to the septic tank through a pipe. The sedimentation zone 4 adopts a folded plate structure, an inclined plate structure, or a horizontal flow natural sedimentation structure. The inclined bottom design of the sedimentation zone 4, combined with the sludge discharge valve 42, can avoid sludge accumulation, simplify the sludge discharge operation, and allow the settled sludge to be discharged to the septic tank through a detachable pipe. The upper layer of clear water in the sedimentation zone 4 overflows into the biological treatment zone 5, which can reduce the investment of the booster pump and reduce operating energy consumption.

[0025] Preferably, the biochemical packing material 51 in the biochemical zone 5 is a suspended ball packing material or a three-dimensional elastic packing material, and a self-priming aerator 52 is also provided at the bottom of the biochemical zone 5. The biochemical zone 5 mainly utilizes the biofilm method to purify wastewater. The biochemical packing material 51 is loaded with a biofilm formed by aerobic bacteria commonly used in this field. After the biofilm is attached to the biochemical packing material 51, its specific gravity is still low and it can remain suspended in the wastewater. Aerobic bacteria can utilize the organic matter in the wastewater for reproduction, without the need for frequent replacement and replenishment. More importantly, aerobic bacteria decompose and metabolize the organic matter in the wastewater, while the metabolic products diffuse back into the aqueous phase or into the air (the metabolic products are mostly water and carbon dioxide).

[0026] Furthermore, a support can be installed to hold the biochemical packing material 51, and the height of the support can be adjusted to adapt to different water levels. Installing a self-priming aerator 52 in the biochemical zone 5 can increase the dissolved oxygen in the wastewater, providing sufficient oxygen for aerobic microorganisms, which is beneficial for biodegradation. At the same time, aeration also provides gas mixing for the wastewater, reducing the investment in mechanical mixers, lowering construction costs, and reducing mechanical equipment failures.

[0027] Preferably, the filtration zone 6 is filled with quartz sand, and the particle size of the quartz sand is set from large to small along the water flow direction. The filtration zone 6 uses quartz sand to filter wastewater, effectively trapping suspended solids, silt, colloidal particles, and other impurities. Under normal operating conditions, the quartz sand can be used continuously for 1-2 years before requiring backwashing and regeneration, significantly reducing filter media replacement costs and maintenance workload. The particle size of the quartz sand can be the same or different, preferably from large to small along the water flow direction. For example, along the water flow direction, the particle sizes of the quartz sand are sequentially set to 15-20mm, 5-10mm, and 2-3mm.

[0028] Preferably, multiple ultraviolet lamps 71 are evenly installed on the four side walls of the disinfection zone 7; the effluent pipe 13 can be connected to the recycled water tank via a pipeline. The disinfection zone 7 integrates ultraviolet lamps 71, using ultraviolet light for final disinfection without the need for adding chemicals, making operation simple. The disinfected effluent is sent to the recycled water tank through a detachable pipe. The effluent in the recycled water tank can be used for farmland irrigation or landscape irrigation or directly discharged into nearby water bodies.

[0029] like Figures 1-3 Preferably, a liquid level sensor 22 is provided in the buffer chamber 2, and a dissolved oxygen sensor 53 is provided in the biochemical zone 5; an electrical control cabinet 8 is also provided on the outside of the side wall of the shell 1, and the liquid level sensor 22, the submersible pump 21, the dissolved oxygen sensor 53, the self-priming aerator 52 and multiple ultraviolet lamps 71 are electrically connected to the electrical control cabinet 8 by wires.

[0030] The electrical control cabinet 8 facilitates the automated control of the entire integrated treatment device. Signals detected by different sensors are transmitted to the PLC controller in the electrical control cabinet 8 (the controller and its control system are existing technologies and will not be described in detail). The PLC controller controls the corresponding components according to the received signals, realizing the start-up, shutdown, and adjustment of the working status of the entire device. The liquid level sensor 22 in the buffer chamber 2 can easily control the start-up and shutdown of the submersible pump 21 based on the liquid level, starting the pump when the liquid level is high and stopping the pump when the liquid level is low. The dissolved oxygen sensor 53 facilitates the monitoring of dissolved oxygen in the wastewater in the biological treatment zone 5 and starts and stops the self-priming aerator 52 according to the dissolved oxygen level. Naturally, while the wastewater is being treated in the preceding areas, the ultraviolet lamp 71 is also powered on to disinfect the wastewater from the filtration zone 6, facilitating discharge.

[0031] It should be noted that arrows without annotations in the attached diagrams indicate the direction of liquid flow.

[0032] In the aforementioned integrated wastewater treatment device for rural areas, during operation, the inlet pipe 12 on the casing 1 connects to the wastewater collection network and the buffer chamber 2. Wastewater enters the buffer chamber 2 through the inlet pipe 12. The level sensor 22 continuously sends the monitored level signal to the controller in the electrical control cabinet 8. Once the monitored level exceeds a preset value (which can be set according to the wastewater volume), the controller in the electrical control cabinet 8 activates the submersible pump 21 to send the wastewater in the buffer chamber 2 into the pretreatment zone 3. Simultaneously, the ultraviolet lamps 71 in the disinfection zone 7 can be powered to disinfect the wastewater from the filtration zone 6, facilitating its discharge.

[0033] Wastewater is piped to the lower part of the pretreatment zone 3. As the wastewater flows through the screen 31 for homogenization, solids (including larger particles and fibrous materials) are trapped on one side of the screen and periodically cleaned. Wastewater passing through the screen 31 enters the sedimentation zone 4 through the overflow outlet. In the sedimentation zone 4, the wastewater undergoes settling and separation. The settled sludge collects at the bottom and is discharged from the housing 1 through the sludge discharge port 41 and sludge discharge valve 42. The sludge discharge valve 42 is detachably connected to a pipe leading to the septic tank, discharging the sludge into the septic tank.

[0034] The clear water from the upper layer of sedimentation zone 4 overflows into the biological treatment zone 5. The biological treatment zone 5 primarily utilizes a biofilm method to purify wastewater. The biochemical packing material 51 is loaded with a biofilm formed by aerobic bacteria commonly used in this field. These aerobic bacteria decompose and metabolize organic matter and suspended solids in the wastewater, with the metabolic products diffused back into the aqueous phase or air. Simultaneously, the dissolved oxygen sensor 53 continuously sends the monitored dissolved oxygen content signal to the controller in the electrical control cabinet 8. Once the monitored dissolved oxygen content falls below a preset value (which can be set according to the wastewater volume), the controller in the electrical control cabinet 8 activates the self-priming aerator 52 to provide sufficient oxygen for the aerobic microorganisms, which is beneficial for biodegradation.

[0035] After passing through the biological treatment zone 5, the wastewater enters the filtration zone 6 from the bottom of the biological treatment zone 5, flowing through quartz sand of different particle sizes, which can effectively intercept suspended solids, silt, colloidal particles and other impurities, providing a highly efficient filtration effect. After filtration, the effluent is disinfected by the ultraviolet lamps 71 in the disinfection zone 7, and then discharged from the shell 1 through the effluent pipe 13. The effluent can be sent to the reclaimed water tank through a detachable pipe. The effluent in the reclaimed water tank can be used for farmland irrigation or landscape irrigation or directly discharged into nearby water bodies. When the liquid level detected by the liquid level sensor 22 is lower than the preset value, the controller in the electrical control cabinet 8 controls the submersible pump 21 to shut down, the ultraviolet lamps 71 to be de-energized, and the self-priming aerator 52 to shut down.

[0036] It should be noted that the detailed structure of some devices in this utility model is not described in detail, but belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described again here. In addition, the parts of this device not described are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology.

[0037] It should be noted that pressure sensors, flow meters, or temperature sensors are installed on the conveying pipelines inside the system between different units, devices, or equipment. Various valves, such as pressure relief valves, pressure regulating valves, and safety valves, are also installed to regulate and stabilize the pressure of the entire system.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated treatment device for rural sewage, characterized in that, include: The shell is provided with multiple partitions, which divide the shell into a buffer chamber, a pretreatment zone, a sedimentation zone, a biochemical zone, a filtration zone, and a disinfection zone according to the water flow direction. The buffer chamber has an inlet pipe on its side wall, which is connected to the sewage collection network via a pipeline. A submersible pump is installed at the bottom of the buffer chamber, which delivers sewage to the lower middle part of the pretreatment zone via a pipeline. The pretreatment zone has multiple parallel-installed screens. The pretreatment zone is connected to the sedimentation zone via an overflow outlet on the upper part of its side wall. The sedimentation zone is connected to the biochemical zone via an overflow outlet on the upper part of another side wall. The biochemical zone contains suspended biochemical packing material. The biochemical zone is connected to the filtration zone via an outlet at the bottom of another side wall. The filtration zone is connected to the disinfection zone via an overflow outlet on the upper part of another side wall, and an outlet pipe is installed on the other side wall of the disinfection zone.

2. The integrated treatment device for rural sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell is made of fiberglass, polyethylene, or stainless steel; the shell is a cuboid or cylindrical box.

3. The integrated treatment device for rural sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple screens in the pretreatment zone are detachably installed and are tilted downward at an angle of 30-60°; the sewage outlet of the submersible pump is located below the tilt of the screens.

4. The integrated treatment device for rural sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sedimentation zone is inclined, and a sludge discharge port is provided at the lower end of the inclined bottom of the sedimentation zone. A sludge discharge valve is provided at the sludge discharge port, and the sludge discharge valve can be connected to the septic tank through a pipe. The sedimentation zone adopts a folded plate structure, an inclined plate structure, or a horizontal flow natural sedimentation structure.

5. The integrated treatment device for rural sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biochemical packing material in the biochemical zone is a suspended ball packing material or a three-dimensional elastic packing material, and a self-priming aerator is also provided at the bottom of the biochemical zone.

6. The integrated treatment device for rural sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration zone is filled with quartz sand, and the particle size of the quartz sand is set from large to small along the water flow direction.

7. The integrated treatment device for rural sewage according to claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple ultraviolet lamps are evenly installed on the four side walls of the disinfection zone; the water outlet pipe can be connected to the recycled water tank through a pipeline.

8. The integrated treatment device for rural sewage according to claim 7, characterized in that, The buffer chamber is equipped with a liquid level sensor, and the biochemical zone is equipped with a dissolved oxygen sensor. An electrical control cabinet is also provided on the outside of the side wall of the shell. The liquid level sensor, the lifting submersible pump, the dissolved oxygen sensor, the self-priming aerator, and the multiple ultraviolet lamps are electrically connected to the electrical control cabinet through wires.

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