A nucleic acid purification device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of nucleic acid detection technology, specifically to a nucleic acid purification device, including a collection tube, and a first purification tube, a second purification tube, and a third purification tube nested inside the collection tube from the outside to the inside. The third purification tube contains a filter membrane for filtering large particles and cell debris; the second purification tube contains a second packing layer for filtering and adsorbing protein pigments and metal cations; and the first purification tube contains a first packing layer for decolorization. After the lysed nucleic acid sample is sequentially passed through the third purification tube, the second purification tube, and the first purification tube, a purified nucleic acid sample is obtained, which can be used for PCR experiments. This utility model achieves the extraction and purification of nucleic acid samples in a single experimental operation, greatly improving detection efficiency and facilitating experimental use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nucleic acid detection technology, specifically to a nucleic acid purification device. Background Technology

[0002] Standard nucleic acid extraction and purification methods include column chromatography or magnetic bead chromatography. Column chromatography requires steps such as lysis, adsorption, washing, and elution to obtain the purified product, and involves multiple reagents and cumbersome steps. Magnetic bead chromatography includes steps such as lysis, adding magnetic beads, separating magnetic beads, washing, elution, and separating magnetic beads, which is also cumbersome and time-consuming. Both column chromatography and magnetic bead chromatography suffer from cumbersome operation and long extraction time, causing inconvenience to nucleic acid extraction and purification.

[0003] Rapid extraction uses a rapid nucleic acid release agent to quickly lyse cell membranes and proteins, releasing nucleic acids from the sample. It involves fewer steps and is simple to operate. However, the sample often contains cell debris, protein impurities, pigments, salt ions, metal ions, etc. These components can inhibit the amplification of the next PCR reaction, easily leading to false negative results.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes a nucleic acid purification device that can obtain purified nucleic acid samples in one step through membrane filtration, primary resin impurity removal, and secondary resin impurity removal, greatly improving purification efficiency and contributing to improved detection efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a nucleic acid purification device to improve nucleic acid purification efficiency and thus improve detection efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a nucleic acid purification device, comprising a collection tube, wherein a first purification tube, a second purification tube, and a third purification tube are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside of the collection tube; a filter membrane is disposed in the third purification tube; a second packing layer is disposed in the second purification tube; and a first packing layer is disposed in the first purification tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the collection tube includes a tube body and a cap. A placement groove is provided on the top of the tube body. External threads are provided on the outer periphery of the placement groove. Internal threads are provided on the inner periphery of the cap. The cap and the tube body are engaged by the external and internal threads.

[0008] Furthermore, a first docking portion is provided above the first purification tube, a second docking portion is provided above the second purification tube, and a third docking portion is provided above the third purification tube; the diameters of the placement tank, the first docking portion, the second docking portion, and the third docking portion gradually decrease; the placement tank, the first docking portion, the second docking portion, and the third docking portion are sequentially fitted together.

[0009] Furthermore, the first docking portion is connected to the first connecting portion below, the first connecting portion is connected to the first purification portion below, and the first purification portion is connected to the first discharge portion below; the first packing layer is located in the first purification portion.

[0010] Furthermore, the first purification section is provided with a first lower sieve plate, a first packing layer is located on the first lower sieve plate, and a first upper sieve plate is provided above the first packing layer; the periphery of the first lower sieve plate and the first upper sieve plate are interference-fitted with the inner wall of the first purification section.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower part of the second docking portion is connected to the second connecting portion, the lower part of the second connecting portion is connected to the second purification portion, and the lower part of the second purification portion is connected to the second discharge portion; the second discharge portion is located above the first packing layer; the second packing layer is located in the second purification portion.

[0012] Furthermore, the second purification section is provided with a second lower sieve plate, a second packing layer is located on the second lower sieve plate, and a second upper sieve plate is provided above the second packing layer; the periphery of the second lower sieve plate and the second upper sieve plate are interference-fitted with the inner wall of the second purification section.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower part of the third docking section is connected to the third purification section, and the lower part of the third purification section is connected to the third discharge section; the third discharge section is located above the second packing layer; the filter membrane is located in the third purification section.

[0014] Furthermore, the third purification section is provided with a support plate, the filter membrane is placed on the skeleton support plate, and an annular pressure plate is provided above the filter membrane; the periphery of the skeleton support plate and the annular pressure plate is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the third purification section.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention enables the extraction and purification of nucleic acid samples in a single experimental operation, greatly improving detection efficiency and facilitating experimental use. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the collection tube of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first purification tube of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first lower screen plate structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second purification tube of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second lower screen plate of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third purification tube structure of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structural state of each purification tube after assembly.

[0017] The names corresponding to each mark in the diagram: 1. Collection tube; 11. Tube body; 111. Placement slot; 112. External thread; 12. Cap; 2. First purification tube; 21. First docking part; 22. First connecting part; 23. First purification section; 231. First lower screen plate; 232. First packing layer; 233. First upper screen plate; 24. First discharge section; 3. Second purification tube; 31. Second docking part; 32. Second connecting part; 33. Second purification section; 331. Second lower screen plate; 332. Second packing layer; 333. Second upper screen plate; 34. Second discharge section; 4. Third purification tube; 41. Third docking part; 42. Third purification section; 421. Support plate; 422. Filter membrane; 423. Pressure plate; 43. Third discharge section. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Embodiments of this utility model: like Figure 1-8 As shown, the purification device of this utility model includes a collection tube 1, in which a first purification tube 2, a second purification tube 3, and a third purification tube 4 are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside. A filter membrane 422 is disposed in the third purification tube 4. In this embodiment, the filter membrane 422 is a polyether sulfone (PES) filter membrane 422 with a pore size of 0.1~10μm, used to filter large particles, cell debris, and other impurities in the nucleic acid sample with a diameter greater than 0.1μm. A second packing layer 332 is disposed in the second purification tube 3. In this embodiment, the second packing layer 332 is a macroporous strong basic anion exchange resin (D201), used to filter and adsorb proteins, pigments, etc. A first packing layer 232 is disposed in the first purification tube 2. In this embodiment, the first packing layer 232 is a polyacrylic acid resin (cationic resin), used for decolorization of the nucleic acid sample and adsorption of metal cations, etc. After sequential processing by the third purification tube 4, the second purification tube 3, and the first purification tube 2, the purified nucleic acid sample in the collection tube 1 is ready for PCR reaction.

[0020] In this embodiment, the collection tube 1, the first purification tube 2, the second purification tube 3, and the third purification tube 4 are all made of plastic and are for single use in the experimental operation.

[0021] The collection tube 1 includes a tube body 11 and a cap 12. A placement groove 111 is provided on the top of the tube body 11. An external thread 112 is provided on the outer periphery of the placement groove 111, and an internal thread is provided on the inner periphery of the cap 12. The cap 12 and the tube body 11 are threadedly engaged by the internal and external threads 112. The placement groove 111 is engaged with the first docking part 21 on the top of the first purification tube 2.

[0022] In the first purification tube 2, the first docking part 21 is connected to the first connecting part 22 below, the first connecting part 22 is connected to the first purification part 23 below, and the first purification part 23 is connected to the first discharge part 24 below; the diameters of the first docking part 21, the first connecting part 22, the first purification part 23, and the first discharge part 24 gradually decrease; the first packing layer 232 is disposed in the first purification part 23, the bottom of the first purification part 23 is provided with a first lower screen plate 231, the first packing layer 232 is placed on the first lower screen plate 231, the top of the first packing layer 232 is provided with a first upper screen plate 233, the first lower screen plate 231 and the first upper screen plate 233 have the same structure, and the edges of the first lower screen plate 231 and the first upper screen plate 233 are press-fitted with the inner wall of the first purification part 23.

[0023] A second docking part 31 is provided in the second purification tube 3, which mates with the first docking part 21 in the first purification tube 2. The second docking part 31 is connected to a second connecting part 32 below its lower end, and to a second purification section 33 below its lower end. The second purification section 33 is also connected to a second discharge section 34 below its lower end. The diameters of the second docking part 31, the second connecting part 32, the second purification section 33, and the second discharge section 34 gradually decrease. When the second docking part 31 and the first docking part 21... When combined, the second discharge section 34 extends into the first purification section 23 and is located above the first upper screen plate 233; a second lower screen plate 331 is provided in the second purification section 33, a second filler layer 332 is placed on the second lower screen plate 331, and a second upper screen plate 333 is provided above the second filler layer 332. The second lower screen plate 331 and the second upper screen plate 333 have the same structure, and the edges of the second lower screen plate 331 and the second upper screen plate 333 are press-fitted with the inner wall of the second purification section 33.

[0024] A third docking section 41 is provided in the third purification tube 4, which mates with the second docking section 31 in the second purification tube 3. The diameters of the placement tank 111, the first docking section 21, the second docking section 31, and the third docking section 41 gradually decrease, and they come into contact with each other after placement, such as the inner wall of the first docking section 21 contacting the outer wall of the second docking section 31. The third docking section 41 is connected to the third purification section 42 below, and the third discharge section 43 is connected to the third discharge section 43 below the third purification section 42. 1. The diameters of the third purification section 42 and the third docking section 41 gradually decrease; a grid-like skeleton support plate 421 is provided below the third purification section 42, a filter membrane 422 is provided on the support plate 421, and an annular pressure plate 423 is provided around the filter membrane 422; when the third docking section 41 cooperates with the second docking section 31, the third discharge section 43 extends into the second purification section 33 and is located above the second upper screen plate 333; the edges of the support plate 421 and the pressure plate 423 are interference-fitted with the inner wall of the third purification section 42.

[0025] The principle of this utility model is as follows: In use, the first purification tube 2, the second purification tube 3, and the third purification tube 4 are placed sequentially into the collection tube 1. During the process, the nucleic acid sample is treated with lysis buffer (the lysis buffer is commercially available and includes protease, buffer, salts, chelating agents, and surfactants, etc. After adding the lysis buffer, the nucleic acid sample is shaken and incubated to achieve complete lysis). The sample is then transferred to the third purification tube 4 using a pipette, and the cap 12 is screwed on. The sample is then centrifuged (e.g., 12000 r / min, 5 min). After centrifugation, each purification tube is removed sequentially, and the purified nucleic acid sample in the collection tube 1 is ready for use in PCR experiments after being removed by pipette.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid purification device, characterized in that: The collection tube (1) includes a first purification tube (2), a second purification tube (3) and a third purification tube (4) arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside; a filter membrane (422) is provided in the third purification tube (4); a second packing layer (332) is provided in the second purification tube (3); and a first packing layer (232) is provided in the first purification tube (2).

2. The nucleic acid purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection tube (1) includes a tube body (11) and a cap (12). A placement groove (111) is provided above the tube body (11). An external thread (112) is provided on the outer periphery of the placement groove (111), and an internal thread is provided on the inner periphery of the cap (12). The cap (12) and the tube body (11) are threaded together by the external thread (112) and the internal thread.

3. The nucleic acid purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first purification tube (2) is provided with a first docking part (21) above it, the second purification tube (3) is provided with a second docking part (31) above it, and the third purification tube (4) is provided with a third docking part (41) above it; the diameters of the placement groove (111), the first docking part (21), the second docking part (31) and the third docking part (41) gradually decrease; the placement groove (111), the first docking part (21), the second docking part (31) and the third docking part (41) are sequentially fitted together.

4. The nucleic acid purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first docking part (21) is connected to the first connecting part (22) below, the first connecting part (22) is connected to the first purification part (23) below, and the first purification part (23) is connected to the first discharge part (24) below; the first packing layer (232) is located in the first purification part (23).

5. The nucleic acid purification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first purification section (23) is provided with a first lower sieve plate (231), a first packing layer (232) is located on the first lower sieve plate (231), and a first upper sieve plate (233) is provided above the first packing layer (232); the periphery of the first lower sieve plate (231) and the first upper sieve plate (233) are press-fitted with the inner wall of the first purification section (23).

6. The nucleic acid purification apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower part of the second docking part (31) is connected to the lower part of the second connecting part (32), the lower part of the second connecting part (32) is connected to the lower part of the second purification part (33), and the lower part of the second purification part (33) is connected to the lower part of the second discharge part (34); the second discharge part (34) is located above the first packing layer (232); the second packing layer (332) is located in the second purification part (33).

7. The nucleic acid purification apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second purification section (33) is provided with a second lower sieve plate (331), a second packing layer (332) is located on the second lower sieve plate (331), and a second upper sieve plate (333) is provided above the second packing layer (332); the periphery of the second lower sieve plate (331) and the second upper sieve plate (333) are press-fitted with the inner wall of the second purification section (33).

8. The nucleic acid purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower part of the third docking part (41) is connected to the lower part of the third purification part (42), and the lower part of the third purification part (42) is connected to the lower part of the third discharge part (43); the third discharge part (43) is located above the second packing layer (332); the filter membrane (422) is located in the third purification part (42).

9. The nucleic acid purification apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third purification section (42) is provided with a support plate (421), the filter membrane (422) is placed on the skeleton support plate (421), and an annular pressure plate (423) is provided above the filter membrane (422); the periphery of the skeleton support plate (421) and the annular pressure plate (423) are press-fitted with the inner wall of the third purification section (42).

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