Railway bridge support wind-sand prevention device and mounting structure thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway bridge support wind -sand prevention device and installation structure thereof, including can be fixed on railway bridge support, based on the inside and outside arrangement of railway bridge support's inner layer protection structure and outer layer protection structure, the inner layer protection structure includes the flexible sleeve pipe structure of can be fixed between the upper portion and lower portion of railway bridge support, avoid extraneous matter to enter railway bridge support inside, can through deformation adapt railway bridge support movement, and the outer layer protection structure includes the top of can be fixed in railway bridge support, is used for surrounding railway bridge support in its inside's outer layer protection frame. The utility model designs railway bridge support wind -sand prevention device, through " inner layer flexible sealing + outer layer rigid protection " double protection system innovation, accurately solved the core harm of gobi area wind -sand to bridge support, and effectively filled the technical blank of existing dust prevention device in the sealing performance, protection strength and adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of engineering equipment for bridges, specifically to a wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings and its installation structure. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of the bridge support system, bridge bearings are core components that ensure the stability of the bridge structure, effectively transfer loads, and adapt to beam deformation. Their performance directly affects the overall safety and durability of the bridge. In the current field of bridge engineering, common types of bridge bearings (such as plate rubber bearings and pot rubber bearings) can meet the construction and operation needs of most bridges in conventional areas. Furthermore, with the development of material technology and protection processes, the corrosion resistance and service life of ordinary bearings have been significantly improved through the adoption of special anti-corrosion coatings and weathering steel, further expanding their application scenarios.

[0003] However, with the continuous improvement and expansion of transportation networks, bridge structures are increasingly used in areas with special terrain and landforms, and bridge bearings, as core components of bridges, are also being used extensively. For example, the Gobi Desert region, a typical arid terrain, has a surface layer of coarse sand and gravel covering a hard soil layer. The surface material is mainly a mixture of loess and small-diameter sand and gravel in approximately a 1:1 ratio. This region exhibits significant wind and sand disaster characteristics: when the wind is weak, surface dust is easily blown up to form floating dust; when the wind is strong, strong wind-driven sandstorms occur, and these sandstorms are prolonged and widespread. This unique wind and sand environment poses a severe challenge to the structural performance and long-term stability of bridge bearings, easily leading to structural performance degradation and even bearing failure, becoming a key issue threatening the safe operation of bridges in the Northwest Gobi Desert region.

[0004] Specifically, the damage caused by wind and sand in the Gobi Desert to bridge bearings is mainly manifested in the following two aspects:

[0005] Friction pair malfunction: The normal operation of ordinary bearings depends on the smooth operation of sliding and rotating friction pairs. However, wind and sand intrusion can cause fine sand and gravel to enter the gaps between the friction pairs. When a small amount of sand and dust accumulates in the friction pairs, it acts as an abrasive, accelerating the wear of the bearing's wear-resistant plates and causing a decrease in the fit accuracy of the friction pairs. When a large amount of sand and dust accumulates, it will cause the friction coefficient between the friction pairs to increase sharply, hindering the sliding or rotating movements of the bearings. Ultimately, this will cause the bearings to lose their deformation adaptability and fail to meet the normal deformation requirements of the beam.

[0006] Damage to anti-corrosion coating and corrosion of components: In areas with severe wind and sand, high-speed sand particles continuously impact the anti-corrosion coating on the bearing surface, causing scratches, damage, or even peeling of the coating, exposing the bearing metal components (such as bearing plates and bolts) to the air. Furthermore, the large temperature difference between day and night, dry air, and potential presence of corrosive media in the Northwest Gobi Desert make exposed metal components highly susceptible to corrosion. This not only significantly shortens the service life of the bearings but also weakens the structural strength of the components, leading to problems such as loose bearing connections and reduced load-bearing capacity, directly threatening the safety of the bridge structure.

[0007] To address the hazards of wind and sand, existing technologies have developed dustproof devices for bearings. These devices primarily consist of polyurethane sheathing panels and stainless steel strips. The stainless steel strips secure the polyurethane sheathing panels around the upper bearing plate, forming a protective enclosure around the bearing. However, these dustproof devices have significant design flaws: the lower part of the sheathing panel is not effectively connected to other components of the bearing, and the overall structure lacks sealing performance. When the wind is strong and carries sand and gravel, sand can still easily enter the bearing through the gaps at the bottom of the sheathing panel, greatly reducing its dustproof effect. Furthermore, the polyurethane sheathing panels, when exposed to wind and sand for extended periods, are susceptible to wear and tear from sand particles, leading to structural damage, shortened service life, and frequent replacement and maintenance, thus increasing bridge operating costs.

[0008] In summary, existing ordinary bearings and dustproof devices cannot adapt to the special wind and sand environment of the Gobi Desert, and cannot solve problems such as bearing friction pair failure, anti-corrosion coating damage and component corrosion caused by wind and sand. There is an urgent need to develop a new type of bridge bearing structure or protection technology that is suitable for the Gobi wind and sand environment, can effectively resist wind and sand erosion, and can ensure the long-term stable operation of the bearings. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a wind and sand prevention device for railway bridge bearings and its installation structure that can adapt to the Gobi sandy environment, effectively resist wind and sand erosion, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the bearings.

[0010] To achieve this objective, the wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings designed in this utility model includes an inner protective structure and an outer protective structure that can be fixed to the railway bridge bearing and are arranged inside and outside the railway bridge bearing. The inner protective structure includes a flexible sleeve structure that can be fixed between the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing to prevent foreign objects from entering the interior of the railway bridge bearing and can adapt to the movement of the railway bridge bearing through deformation. The outer protective structure includes an outer protective frame that can be fixed to the top of the railway bridge bearing and is used to enclose the railway bridge bearing inside it.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer protective structure also includes a connector fixed to the top of the outer protective frame in the limiting direction, which can be fixed to the top of the railway bridge support.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer protective frame is a rectangular frame structure, and the two sides of the outer protective frame in the direction of movement can be detachably fixed to the top side surface of the railway bridge support in the direction of movement via bolts and nuts.

[0013] Furthermore, a connector is detachably fixed to the inner surfaces of both sides of the outer protective frame in the limiting direction by a bolt and nut structure. The connector can be detachably fixed to the top side surface of the railway bridge support in the limiting direction by the bolt and nut structure.

[0014] Furthermore, both the outer protective frame and the connector are metal structures.

[0015] Furthermore, the flexible sleeve structure includes an expansion joint and fasteners for fixing the upper and lower ends of the expansion joint to the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge support, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the fastener includes a clamp and a locking structure fixed to both ends of the clamp for fixing the two ends of the clamp together to form a ring structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the locking structure includes a first locking seat and a second locking seat respectively fixed to both ends of the clamp, and the first locking seat and the second locking seat can be fixed together by a bolt and nut structure.

[0018] Furthermore, this utility model also provides an installation structure based on the above-described railway bridge bearing wind and sand protection device, including a railway bridge bearing, the outer protective structure being fixed to the top of the railway bridge bearing, the railway bridge bearing being enclosed within the outer protective structure, and the inner protective structure being fixedly connected between the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing are provided with fastener mounting ring grooves for accommodating and installing the sleeve fasteners. The upper and lower ends of the flexible sleeve structure are sleeved on the upper and lower parts of the bridge bearing and fixed to the upper and lower parts of the bridge bearing by the sleeve fasteners.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] I. A dual protection system to completely block the path of wind and sand intrusion:

[0022] To address the shortcomings of existing polyurethane retaining panels, such as "lack of sealing at the bottom, allowing wind and sand to easily penetrate," this invention constructs a fully enclosed protection logic of "outer layer interception + inner layer sealing," forming two lines of defense against wind and sand: The outer protective frame, made of metal, completely encloses the support, serving as the first line of defense against the impact of high-speed wind and sand. Its rectangular frame structure can fully cover the top and sides of the support, effectively blocking most of the floating dust and gravel, preventing sand particles from directly impacting the anti-corrosion coating and inner structure of the support surface; at the same time, the high strength of the metal material can withstand the long-term strong winds and sand abrasion in the Gobi Desert, significantly extending its service life compared to easily damaged polyurethane retaining panels, reducing the cost of frequent replacement and maintenance. The inner flexible sleeve structure (with expansion joints as the core) is tightly connected to the upper and lower parts of the support through clamps and perfectly matches the shape of the support, forming a gapless sealed space. Even if a small amount of sand and dust breaks through the outer protective layer, the inner expansion joint can block its path into the friction pair inside the bearing through its tightly fitted structure. This solves the core problem of "sand and dust entering the friction pair and causing functional failure" at its root, ensuring that the sliding friction pair and rotating friction pair of the bearing are always in a clean environment and maintain smooth operation.

[0023] II. Adapts to bearing deformation requirements without affecting the normal function of the bridge:

[0024] Bridge bearings in the Gobi Desert region need to adapt to both temperature changes and horizontal displacement and angular deformation under load. Existing dustproof devices often fail to adapt to deformation due to excessive rigidity, or restrict bearing movement due to overly tight sealing. This invention perfectly balances the contradiction between "sealing" and "deformation" through the characteristics of the inner expansion joint: the expansion joint has strong flexible deformation capacity, which can flexibly expand, contract, and bend with the horizontal displacement (movement direction, limit direction) and rotation of the bearing, and maintains a tight connection with the upper and lower parts of the bearing throughout the deformation process, without creating sealing gaps due to deformation. At the same time, the outer protective frame is fixed by detachable bolt connections, reserving space for the bearing deformation and avoiding additional constraints on bearing movement. This design ensures both the sealing performance of wind and sand protection and fully meets the functional requirements of bridge bearings for deformation adaptation, ensuring that the bearings can still normally achieve load transfer and adapt to beam deformation even in harsh environments.

[0025] III. Protect the anti-corrosion coating of the support and metal components, extending their service life:

[0026] Another major hazard posed by wind and sand in the Gobi Desert to bearings is the chain reaction of "sand impact damaging the coating → corrosion of metal components." This invention breaks this chain at its source through dual protection: the outer metal protective frame directly withstands the high-speed impact of sand particles, preventing direct contact between sand particles and the anti-corrosion coating on the bearing surface, protecting the integrity of the coating, and preventing the exposure of metal components (bearing plates, bolts, etc.); even if minor local damage occurs to the coating, the inner sealing structure can isolate air and moisture, reducing the conditions for corrosion. Furthermore, the fully enclosed protective environment reduces the risk of "condensation corrosion" caused by the large diurnal temperature range in the Gobi Desert, further slowing down the corrosion rate of metal components. Through dual protection of the coating and metal components, the overall service life of the bearings is significantly extended, reducing the cost of bearing replacement during long-term bridge operation and ensuring structural safety.

[0027] IV. Convenient installation and maintenance, compatible with various support types:

[0028] This utility model, while optimizing functionality, fully considers operational convenience in practical engineering applications, possessing significant practical advantages: Easy assembly and disassembly: The outer protective frame is detachably fixed to the support via a bolt and nut structure, while the inner expansion joint achieves rapid installation and disassembly through a "locking seat + bolt" structure of the clamp. This design facilitates quick opening of the protective device during subsequent support maintenance without damaging the overall structure, significantly improving maintenance efficiency compared to traditional fixing methods; Strong versatility: The size of the outer protective frame can be adjusted according to different support specifications, and the flexibility of the inner expansion joint can adapt to the upper and lower structures of supports with different shapes. Furthermore, the self-adaptability of the clamp allows for a tight fit with the support. Therefore, this device is not only suitable for conventional plate and pot bearings but can also be extended to other types of railway bridge bearings, offering a wide range of applications and reducing engineering adaptation costs.

[0029] In summary, this utility model, through its fully enclosed double protection, adaptability to deformation, protective components, and convenient maintenance design, perfectly solves the core technical pain points of bridge bearings in the Gobi Desert environment. It can effectively resist wind and sand erosion, ensure the long-term stable operation of the bearings, and adapt to the normal functional requirements of bridges, significantly improving the durability and reliability of the bearings in harsh environments, and providing key technical support for the safe operation of railway bridges in the Northwest Gobi region. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the disclosed embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. These drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the wind and sand prevention device for railway bridge bearings in this utility model, showing the limiting direction.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the wind and sand prevention device for railway bridge bearings in this utility model, showing the moving direction.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the expansion joint in this utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the clamp in this utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the outer protective frame in this utility model;

[0036] Among them, 1—railway bridge bearing, 2—outer protective frame (2.1—first metal guard plate, 2.2—second metal guard plate), 3—connector, 4—expansion joint, 5—clamp, 6—first locking seat, 7—second locking seat, 8—clamp mounting ring groove. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solution (including preferred technical solution) of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by listing some optional embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments, the wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings designed by this utility model includes an inner protective structure and an outer protective structure that can be fixed on the railway bridge bearing 1 and are arranged inside and outside the railway bridge bearing 1.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A specific embodiment of an inner protective structure is provided:

[0041] like Figure 1As shown in Figure 4, the inner protective structure includes an expansion joint 4 that can be fixed between the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing 1 to prevent foreign objects from entering the interior of the railway bridge bearing 1 and can adapt to the movement of the railway bridge bearing 1 through deformation, and a clamp 5 for fixing the upper and lower ends of the expansion joint 4 to the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing 1, respectively. A first locking seat 6 and a second locking seat 7 are fixed to both ends of the clamp 5, and the first locking seat 6 and the second locking seat 7 can be fixed together by a bolt and nut structure. In specific operation, the upper and lower ends of the expansion joint 4 are respectively fitted onto the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing 1, the clamp is tied, and the first locking seat 6 and the second locking seat 7 are connected by a bolt and nut structure. To facilitate the installation of the clamp 5, clamp installation grooves 8 can be opened on the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing 1, respectively. After the two ends of the expansion joint 4 are fitted and installed, the clamp 5 is installed at the clamp installation groove 8.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A specific embodiment of an outer protective structure is provided:

[0044] like Figure 1 —2 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer protective structure includes an outer protective frame 2 that can be fixed to the top of the railway bridge bearing 1 and encloses the railway bridge bearing 1 within it. The outer protective frame 2 is a rectangular frame structure, formed by a first metal guard plate 2.1 and a second metal guard plate 2.2. The two sides of the first metal guard plate 2.1 are bent inward at 90°, enclosing the two sides of the second metal guard plate 2.2 within it. A channel steel (connector 3) is detachably fixed to the top of each of the two sides in the limiting direction of the outer protective frame 2 via bolts and nuts. The channel steel is detachably fixed to the top side surface of the railway bridge bearing 1 in the limiting direction via bolts and nuts. The two sides in the moving direction of the outer protective frame 2 are detachably fixed to the top side surface of the railway bridge bearing 1 in the moving direction via bolts and nuts. The outer protective frame 2 and the channel steel form an integral metal frame structure.

[0045] The wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings designed in this utility model is based on the core design of "double protection and deformation adaptation", and its structure and technical effect are highly adapted to the needs of the Gobi wind and sand environment.

[0046] Structurally, the device consists of an inner and outer protective structure. The inner protective layer is centered on an expansion joint 4, which is fixed with a clamp 5: the expansion joint 4 is fitted onto the upper and lower parts of the support, and the clamp 5 is fastened by first and second locking seats with bolts and nuts. The upper and lower parts of the support are also provided with clamp mounting ring grooves 8 to assist in positioning and form a sealed protection. The outer layer is a rectangular metal protective frame, which is surrounded by first and second metal protective plates (the first protective plate is bent to wrap around the side of the second protective plate). A channel steel connector is installed at the top in the limiting direction, which is detachably fixed to the top of the support in the limiting direction and the moving direction by bolts and nuts, respectively, to form a rigid protection.

[0047] The technical benefits are significant: First, it provides dual protection against wind and sand intrusion. The outer metal frame blocks most of the wind and sand, preventing wear on the bearing coating, while the inner expansion joint seals the gaps, preventing fine sand and gravel from entering the internal friction pairs of the bearing and solving the problem of friction pair failure. Second, it adapts to bearing deformation. The expansion joint 4 can deform with the horizontal displacement and rotation of the bearing while maintaining a seal, without affecting the load transfer and beam deformation adaptation functions of the bearing. Third, it is convenient to install and maintain. Both the outer frame and the inner clamp are connected by detachable bolts, facilitating maintenance. At the same time, the metal frame is durable, reducing the cost of frequent replacements and effectively ensuring the long-term stable operation of railway bridge bearings in the Gobi Desert region.

[0048] In summary, the wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings designed in this utility model, through the innovative dual protection system of "inner flexible sealing + outer rigid protection", precisely solves the core hazard of wind and sand to bridge bearings in the Gobi Desert region, and effectively fills the technical gaps in the sealing performance, protection strength and adaptability of existing dust protection devices.

[0049] It should be noted that the above description of the technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limiting it to the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, providing these descriptions will ensure that the disclosure of this utility model is thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solutions of this utility model are defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0050] When using the terms “comprising,” “having,” and “including” as described in this specification, there may also be another part or other parts, and the terms used are generally singular but may also be plural.

[0051] It should be noted that although various components may appear and be described in this specification using terms such as "first," "second," "top," "bottom," "one side," "the other side," "one end," "the other end," etc., these components and parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component and part from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this specification, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may be referred to as a first component; top and bottom components may, under certain circumstances, be interchanged or converted; and components at one end and the other end may have the same or different performance characteristics.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of this utility model. Obviously, this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments and can have many variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model should be considered to fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings, characterized in that: It includes an inner protective structure and an outer protective structure that can be fixed to the railway bridge bearing (1) and are arranged inside and outside the railway bridge bearing (1); the inner protective structure includes a flexible sleeve structure that can be fixed between the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing (1) to prevent foreign objects from entering the interior of the railway bridge bearing (1) and can adapt to the movement of the railway bridge bearing (1) by deformation; the outer protective structure includes an outer protective frame (2) that can be fixed to the top of the railway bridge bearing (1) and is used to enclose the railway bridge bearing (1) inside it.

2. The wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer protective structure also includes a connector (3) fixed to the top of the outer protective frame (2) in the limiting direction and which can be fixed to the top of the railway bridge support (1).

3. The wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer protective frame (2) is a rectangular frame structure. The two sides of the outer protective frame (2) in the direction of movement can be detachably fixed to the top side surface of the railway bridge support (1) in the direction of movement through a bolt and nut structure.

4. The wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The inner surfaces of the outer protective frame (2) on both sides of the limiting direction are respectively fixed with a connecting piece (3) by bolt and nut structure. The connecting piece (3) can be detachably fixed to the top side surface of the railway bridge support (1) in the limiting direction by bolt and nut structure.

5. The wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Both the outer protective frame (2) and the connector (3) are metal structures.

6. The wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible sleeve structure includes an expansion joint (4) and fasteners for fixing the upper and lower ends of the expansion joint (4) to the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge support (1), respectively.

7. The wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The fastener includes a clamp (5) and a locking structure fixed to both ends of the clamp (5) for fixing the two ends of the clamp (5) together to form a ring structure.

8. The wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The locking structure includes a first locking seat (6) and a second locking seat (7) respectively fixed to both ends of the clamp (5). The first locking seat (6) and the second locking seat (7) can be fixed together by a bolt and nut structure.

9. An installation structure for a wind and sand protection device for railway bridge bearings according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising a railway bridge bearing (1), characterized in that: The outer protective structure is fixed to the top of the railway bridge support (1), the railway bridge support (1) is enclosed within the outer protective structure, and the inner protective structure is fixedly connected between the upper and lower parts of the railway bridge support (1).

10. The installation structure of the railway bridge bearing wind and sand protection device as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The upper and lower parts of the railway bridge bearing (1) are provided with fastener mounting ring grooves for accommodating and installing sleeve fasteners. The upper and lower ends of the flexible sleeve structure are sleeved on the upper and lower parts of the bridge bearing (1) and fixed to the upper and lower parts of the bridge bearing (1) by sleeve fasteners.

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