A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a river downstream of a hydropower station
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521401431.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-04
AI Technical Summary
传统的过鱼设施（如鱼道、升鱼机等）虽能在一定程度上辅助鱼类过坝，但其适用性存在明显局限，例如，鱼道依赖鱼类自主攀游，对水流条件敏感且适用范围受限；升鱼机则存在效率低、维护成本高、对大型鱼类适应性差等问题
（1）通过钢桁架与混凝土结构的复合设计实现了结构灵活性与环境适应性的双重提升，钢桁架部分采用工厂预制和现场快速组装的模块化方案，大幅缩短施工周期并降低对河道生态的干扰，同时其刚性连接特性可适应不同水位波动及复杂地形，尤其适用于高水头、大流量水电站大坝下游的集鱼需求，集鱼箱通过固定卷扬式启闭机沿轨道精准升降，结合防逃笼与拦鱼网栅的电动葫芦驱动启闭，实现了多维度动态调控，确保系统在水文条件变化下的稳定运行；
Smart Images
Figure CN224705049U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, specifically a fixed fish collection system on the bank of a river downstream of a hydropower station. Background Technology
[0002] With the continued growth in global demand for clean energy, hydropower stations, as important renewable energy facilities, are expanding in scale. To promote connectivity between upstream and downstream river ecosystems and protect river fish resources, modern hydropower stations often incorporate new fish passage facilities during construction. While traditional fish passage facilities (such as fishways and fish lifts) can assist fish in crossing dams to some extent, their applicability is significantly limited. For example, fishways rely on fish swimming independently, are sensitive to water flow conditions, and have limited applicability; fish lifts suffer from low efficiency, high maintenance costs, and poor adaptability to large fish. For hydropower stations with high dams, large flow rates, or complex hydrological conditions, traditional fish passage facilities often fail to meet the dual requirements of efficient fish collection and eco-friendliness. In recent years, although various new fish-attracting technologies have been explored both domestically and internationally (such as sound and light fish attracting and intelligent flow guidance systems), they still face some challenges. For example, existing fish-attracting facilities mostly rely on fixed concrete structures, which are difficult to adapt to water level fluctuations and complex terrains. The construction cycle is long and causes significant disturbance to the river ecosystem. Fish monitoring and equipment control rely on manual operation, making it difficult to achieve real-time dynamic response, resulting in unstable fish-attracting efficiency. Some facilities may accidentally injure non-target organisms or cause secondary disturbance to water flow conditions, affecting the overall ecological protection effect.
[0003] Currently, some hydropower stations use a fixed fish collection well combined with an electric fish barrier scheme, which can improve fish collection efficiency. However, the reinforced concrete structure makes it difficult to flexibly adjust the layout of the electric barrier, and the lack of an integrated monitoring system leads to high operation and maintenance costs and slow response. In addition, existing fish collection box lifting devices mostly use a single winch mechanism, which is prone to jamming or positioning deviation under complex water flow conditions, affecting the reliability of fish collection operations. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a fixed fish collection system on the bank of a river downstream of a hydropower station, which can adapt to different hydrological conditions, achieve precise fish collection through intelligent monitoring and control, and at the same time minimize the negative impact on the river ecosystem.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a fixed fish collection system on the bank of a river downstream of a hydropower station, including a steel truss structure set at the fish gathering point on the bank of the river downstream of the hydropower station. The steel truss structure and the concrete structure together form a fish collection well. A fish collection box running track is installed in the fish collection well. A fish collection box that can be raised and lowered along the fish collection box running track is provided on the fish collection box running track. The fish collection box is connected to a fixed winch-type gate opener in the gate opening machine room at the top of the concrete structure through a moving pulley block and a steel wire rope. The downstream side of the fish collection box running track is provided with an escape-proof cage running track. The escape-proof cage is opened and closed along the escape-proof cage running track by an electric hoist. The upstream side is provided with a fish barrier net track. The fish barrier net is opened and closed along the fish barrier net track by an electric hoist. The steel truss structure has a horizontally fixed electric grid hanging beam, and the electric grid hanging beam is equipped with a trolley slide. Multiple trolleys that are slidably set on the slide are connected by equal-length and spaced steel wire ropes and suspend the fish-blocking electric grid. The multiple trolleys are driven to move by a cyclic traction system formed by traction steel wire ropes and pulley blocks.
[0006] In a preferred embodiment, an electric grid maintenance platform for inspecting and repairing the fish barrier electric grid and the trolley is provided below the electric grid hanging beam.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the steel truss structure is further equipped with a fish finder for monitoring the fish's condition, a flow meter for measuring water flow parameters, and a water temperature sensor for detecting water temperature.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the fish collection box's running track is rigidly connected to the steel truss structure and the concrete structure, and the bottom of the fish collection box has an opening that communicates with the fish collection pond.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the fish barrier is suspended from the bottom of the trolley by a shackle, and equal-length steel wire ropes are provided between adjacent trolleys to ensure uniform spacing between the multiple trolleys.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the electric grid maintenance platform is equipped with adjustable guardrails and an anti-slip surface.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the fish finder is directed towards the fish inlet area of the fish collection box and the escape-proof cage.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the water temperature sensor and flow rate meter are installed near the bottom opening of the fish collection tank, and the sensor data is uploaded to the cloud database in real time via a wireless transmission module.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the steel truss structure is fixed to the riverbed by anchors, and the top forms an operating platform with the concrete structure.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the drive end of the traction wire rope is connected to an electric winch device to control the reciprocating motion of the trolley.
[0015] The fixed fish collection system on the bank of a river downstream of a hydropower station provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure: (1) The composite design of steel truss and concrete structure has achieved a dual improvement in structural flexibility and environmental adaptability. The steel truss part adopts a modular solution of factory prefabrication and on-site rapid assembly, which greatly shortens the construction cycle and reduces the interference to the river ecology. At the same time, its rigid connection characteristics can adapt to different water level fluctuations and complex terrain, especially suitable for the fish collection needs downstream of high head and large flow hydropower station dams. The fish collection box is precisely raised and lowered along the track by a fixed winch hoist, and the electric hoist drives the opening and closing of the escape cage and fish barrier, realizing multi-dimensional dynamic control and ensuring the stable operation of the system under changes in hydrological conditions. (2) The fish-blocking electric grid has significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of fish collection through its cyclic traction layout and integrated monitoring technology. The fish-blocking electric grid is evenly distributed through a cyclic system composed of a trolley and traction steel wire rope, and the spacing is kept consistent with the equal-length and spaced steel wire ropes, which effectively expands the interception range and reduces missed catches. The real-time data acquisition of the fish finder, flow meter and water temperature sensor provides a scientific basis for dynamically adjusting the fish collection time, electric grid layout and opening and closing strategy. Combined with the design of connecting the bottom opening of the fish collection box with the fish collection pond, fish can be quickly attracted and protected and transferred, greatly shortening the operation delay. (3) By using a selective interception mechanism designed with a low-intensity electric field or physical grid, the accidental injury to non-target organisms and juvenile fish is minimized, while avoiding the damage to river vegetation caused by traditional large-scale civil engineering projects. The electric grid maintenance platform is equipped with adjustable guardrails and anti-slip surfaces, enabling maintenance personnel to complete equipment maintenance safely and efficiently, significantly reducing maintenance costs and further enhancing the sustainability of the system. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electric grid hanging beam structure of this utility model.
[0019] In the diagram: 1. Steel truss structure; 2. Concrete structure; 3. Escape-proof cage; 4. Fish collection box; 5. Fish collection box running track; 6. Moving pulley block; 7. Steel wire rope; 8. Fixed winch-type gate opener; 9. Gate opener room; 10. Fish barrier electric fence; 11. Electric fence hanging beam; 12. Electric fence maintenance platform; 13. Fish finder; 14. Current meter; 15. Water temperature sensor; 16. Downstream river shoreline of the hydropower station; 17. Escape-proof cage running track; 18. Fish barrier net track; 19. Fish barrier net; 20. Trolley; 21. Spacing steel wire rope; 22. Traction steel wire rope; 23. Pulley block. Detailed Implementation
[0020] like Figure 1-3 A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station includes a steel truss structure 1 set at a fish colony on the bank of the downstream river of the hydropower station. The steel truss structure 1 and the concrete structure 2 together form a fish collection well. A fish collection box running track 5 is installed in the fish collection well. A fish collection box 4 that can be raised and lowered along the fish collection box running track 5 is provided on the fish collection box running track 5. The fish collection box 4 is connected to a fixed winch-type hoist 8 in the hoisting machine room 9 at the top of the concrete structure 2 through a pulley block 6 and a wire rope 7. The downstream side of the fish collection box running track 5 is provided with an escape-proof cage running track 17. The escape-proof cage 3 is driven by an electric hoist to open and close along the escape-proof cage running track 17. The upstream side is provided with a fish barrier net track 18. The fish barrier net 19 is driven by an electric hoist to open and close along the fish barrier net track 18. The steel truss structure 1 is horizontally fixed with an electric grid hanging beam 11. The electric grid hanging beam 11 is provided with a trolley slide. Multiple trolleys 20 are slidably set on the slide and connected and suspended by equal-length and spaced steel wire ropes 21. The multiple trolleys 20 are driven to move by a cyclic traction system formed by traction steel wire ropes 22 and pulley blocks 23. Below the electric grid hanging beam 11 is an electric grid maintenance platform 12 for inspecting and repairing the fish barrier electric grid 10 and the trolley 20; The steel truss structure 1 is also fixed with a fish finder 13 for monitoring the status of fish, a flow meter 14 for measuring water flow parameters, and a water temperature sensor 15 for detecting water temperature.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the fish collection box running track 5 is rigidly connected to the steel truss structure 1 and the concrete structure 2, and the bottom of the fish collection box 4 is provided with an opening that communicates with the fish collection pond.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the fish barrier 10 is suspended from the bottom of the trolley 20 by a shackle, and equal-length steel wire ropes 21 are provided between adjacent trolleys 20 to ensure that the spacing between multiple trolleys 20 is uniform.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the electric grid maintenance platform 12 is equipped with adjustable guardrails and an anti-slip surface.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the fish finder 13 is directed towards the fish inlet area of the fish collection box 4 and the escape-proof cage 3.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the steel truss structure 1 is fixed to the riverbed by anchors, and the top forms an operating platform with the concrete structure 2.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the drive end of the traction wire rope 22 is connected to an electric winch device to control the reciprocating motion of the trolley 20.
[0027] The fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river channel of a hydropower station disclosed in this utility model is deployed and constructed as follows: Based on field survey data of the downstream river topography and fish migration routes of the hydropower station, an area with a gentle shoreline and relatively stable water flow was selected as the installation location for the fish collection system. A concrete structure 2 was poured at a stable point in the riverbed to serve as the load-bearing foundation for the above-water operating platform. Simultaneously, a prefabricated steel truss 1 was installed at pre-set anchor points on the concrete structure 2. Bolts and welding were used to ensure the rigid fixation of the steel truss 1 to the concrete structure 2, forming the fish collection well frame. The bottom of the steel truss 1 was fixed to the riverbed with anchors, and its top, together with the concrete structure 2, constituted the fish collection operating platform. The platform housed the hoist room 9, control box, and electric hoist drive device.
[0028] Inside the fish collection well formed by the steel truss 1 and the concrete structure 2, a fish collection box running track 5 is installed vertically, and the track is connected to the steel truss 1 by high-strength bolts. The fish collection box 4 is suspended on the track by a movable pulley block 6 and a steel wire rope 7. The other end of the steel wire rope 7 is connected to a fixed winch-type hoist 8 in the hoisting machine room 9 to realize the lifting and lowering control of the fish collection box 4. An escape-proof cage running track 17 is installed on the downstream side of the fish collection box running track 5. The escape-proof cage 3 is driven to move up and down along the track by an electric hoist. A fish barrier net track 18 is installed on the upstream side. The fish barrier net 19 is also controlled to open and close by an electric hoist. A horizontal electric grid hanging beam 11 is fixed on the steel truss 1. A trolley slide is set on the surface of the hanging beam. The trolley 20 is connected to and suspended by the fish barrier electric grid 10 by a steel wire rope 21 of equal length and spacing. The traction steel wire rope 22 and the pulley block 23 form a closed loop traction system, driving the trolley 20 to move horizontally along the slide. A maintenance platform 12 is installed below the electric grid beam 11. The platform surface is covered with anti-slip grating and equipped with liftable guardrails. A fish finder 13, a flow meter 14, and a water temperature sensor 15 are fixed in preset positions on the steel truss 1. The detection direction of the fish finder 13 is aligned with the fish inlet area of the fish collection box 4 and the escape-proof cage 3.
[0029] When the system is running: The operator issues commands through the control box, and the electric hoist drives the fish barrier 19 to be lowered along the track 18 to the set water depth, forming an upstream interception barrier. Simultaneously, the escape-prevention cage 3 is lowered along the track 17 to the downstream side of the fish collection box 4 to prevent fish from escaping. The traction steel wire rope 22 drives the trolley 20, evenly distributed along the electric barrier beam 11, via an electric winch. The length of the fish barrier 10 is adjusted according to the water level and energized. The fixed winch-type gate opener 8 lowers the fish collection box 4 to the bottom of the fish collection pond. The fish finder 13 monitors the fish aggregation in the fish collection box in real time, while the flow meter 14 and water temperature sensor 15 simultaneously collect hydrological data. When the fish density reaches the preset level, the gate opener 8 lifts the fish collection box 4 to the operating platform, opens the bottom opening, and transfers the fish to the transport channel, completing the fish collection operation. If abnormal water flow or water temperature exceeding the threshold is detected, the system automatically adjusts the layout of the fish barrier 10 or suspends operation.
[0030] During system operation, fish activity data recorded by the fish finder 13, water flow parameters from the current meter 14, and monitoring results from the water temperature sensor 15 are wirelessly transmitted to the control center for analysis. Based on the data analysis results, the lowering frequency of the fish collection box 4, the spacing of the fish barrier 10, and the opening and closing timing of the escape-prevention cage 3 are dynamically adjusted. Monthly maintenance is performed on the fish barrier 10 and the trolley 20 via the maintenance platform 12, checking the wear of the wire rope 7, the spacing wire rope 21, and the traction wire rope 22, and replacing them promptly to ensure long-term stable system operation.
Claims
1. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a river downstream of a hydropower station, characterized in that: The structure includes a steel truss structure (1) located at the fish colony on the riverbank (16) downstream of the hydropower station. The steel truss structure (1) and the concrete structure (2) together form a fish collection well. A fish collection box running track (5) is installed in the fish collection well. A fish collection box (4) is installed on the fish collection box running track (5) and can be raised and lowered along the fish collection box running track (5). The fish collection box (4) is connected to a fixed winch-type gate opener (8) in the gate opening machine room (9) at the top of the concrete structure (2) through a pulley block (6) and a wire rope (7). The downstream side of the fish collection box running track (5) is provided with an escape-proof cage running track (17). The escape-proof cage (3) is driven by an electric hoist to open and close along the escape-proof cage running track (17). The upstream side is provided with a fish barrier net track (18). The fish barrier net (19) is driven by an electric hoist to open and close along the fish barrier net track (18). The steel truss structure (1) is horizontally fixed with an electric grid hanging beam (11). The electric grid hanging beam (11) is provided with a trolley slide. Multiple trolleys (20) that are slidably set on the slide are connected and suspended by equal-length spaced steel wire ropes (21). The multiple trolleys (20) are driven to move by a cyclic traction system formed by traction steel wire ropes (22) and pulley blocks (23).
2. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the electric grid hanging beam (11) is an electric grid maintenance platform (12) for inspecting and repairing the fish barrier electric grid (10) and the trolley (20).
3. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel truss structure (1) is also fixed with a fish finder (13) for monitoring the state of fish, a flow meter (14) for measuring water flow parameters, and a water temperature sensor (15) for detecting water temperature.
4. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish collection box running track (5) is rigidly connected to the steel truss structure (1) and the concrete structure (2), and the bottom of the fish collection box (4) is provided with an opening that communicates with the fish collection pond.
5. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric fish barrier (10) is suspended from the bottom of the trolley (20) by a shackle, and equal-length steel wire ropes (21) are provided between the trolleys (20) to ensure that the spacing between the multiple trolleys (20) is uniform.
6. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric grid maintenance platform (12) is equipped with adjustable guardrails and a non-slip surface.
7. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection direction of the fish finder (13) is aimed at the fish inlet area of the fish collection box (4) and the escape-proof cage (3).
8. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water temperature sensor (15) and the flow meter (14) are installed close to the bottom opening of the fish collection box (4), and the sensor data is uploaded to the cloud database in real time through the wireless transmission module.
9. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the steel truss structure (1) is fixed to the riverbed by anchors, and the top forms an operating platform with the concrete structure (2).
10. A fixed fish collection system on the bank of a downstream river of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive end of the traction wire rope (22) is connected to an electric winch device to control the reciprocating motion of the trolley (20).