Air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system

Abstract

This utility model provides a pneumatically driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system, comprising: a conveying shell with a cavity for conveying fish and a first guide and a second guide for fish entry and exit. The first and second guides are located on opposite sides of the conveying shell, and a pneumatic system is provided at the top of the conveying shell. The first guide has three liftable lifting components spaced apart to separate two fish-attracting chambers. The two fish-attracting chambers continuously attract fish into the conveying shell, allowing the conveying shell to be pressurized by the pneumatic system and transported to the second guide. The second guide has a liftable sealing door, which, when closed, ensures increased negative pressure within the conveying shell. This application features a multi-stage segmented control mode that effectively avoids water flow turbulence and fish migration, ensuring the continuity, safety, and high throughput of the fish passage process. It achieves an automated "light-in, gate-open" process, significantly improving fish-attracting efficiency and system automation, and reducing reliance on manual intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fish passage, and in particular to a pneumatically driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system. Background Technology

[0002] Fish passage systems, as core facilities for ecological compensation in water conservancy projects, ensure unobstructed fish migration channels, allowing fish populations to migrate normally, promoting genetic exchange, and maintaining aquatic biodiversity and the health of river ecosystems. However, traditional fish passage facilities suffer from low guidance efficiency, easy injury to fish, difficulty in effectively guiding fish across dams, and the potential for construction to disrupt fish migration channels. An innovative ecological water conservancy engineering facility is primarily used to help fish migrate safely and efficiently between waters blocked by artificial structures (such as dams, sluice gates, and hydroelectric power stations). It combines gas-driven technology, multi-chamber segmented control, and intelligent fish-attracting methods to achieve continuous fish passage, representing an environmentally friendly, energy-saving, and low-disturbance modern fish passage solution.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of water conservancy and hydropower construction projects, dam construction has interfered with natural river systems, resulting in the disruption of ecological connectivity between upstream and downstream areas, obstruction of fish migration channels, serious threats to the survival and reproduction of fish, and a decline in aquatic biodiversity.

[0004] As an innovative technology, the air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system needs to break through the limitations of traditional fish passage technology to achieve efficient fish passage across the dam, protect aquatic biodiversity, and urgently improve the facility operation, maintenance and investment mechanism to ensure the achievement of the ecological goal of "catching fish, delivering them quickly, and ensuring their safety". Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a pneumatically driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system to solve the problem that fish have difficulty entering the upstream area.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a pneumatically driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system, comprising: The conveying shell has a cavity for conveying fish and a first guide and a second guide for fish to enter and exit. The first guide and the second guide are located on opposite sides of the conveying shell, and a pneumatic system is provided on the top of the conveying shell. The first guide body is provided with three liftable lifting components in the middle to separate the two fish-attracting chambers. The two fish-attracting chambers are used to continuously lure fish into the conveying shell so that the conveying shell can be pressurized by the air pressure system to transport the fish to the second guide body. The second guide body is equipped with a liftable sealing door, which is used to ensure that the negative pressure inside the conveying housing increases when the sealing door is closed.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, the conveying housing is connected to the first guide body and the second guide body. The first guide body is provided with multiple sets of guide grooves at intervals, and the top of the first guide body is provided with a guide hole. The second guide body is provided with a set of guide grooves, and the top of the second guide body is provided with a guide hole. The guide grooves are respectively connected to the guide holes.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, the lifting component and the sealing door are respectively inserted into each set of guide grooves through guide holes.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a first lifting door, a second lifting door, and a third lifting door, with the second lifting door located between the first and third lifting doors.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the conveying housing is provided with a fish lifting chamber.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the fish-attracting chamber includes a first fish-attracting chamber and a second fish-attracting chamber, which are separated by a second lifting door and located within a first guide body.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the top of the first lifting door, the second lifting door, the third lifting door, and the sealing door are all equipped with lifting plates, and hydraulic cylinders are provided on both sides of the lifting plates. The hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixed to the side walls of the first guide body and the second guide body.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the fish-lifting cavity is equipped with a lifting system.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the lifting system includes an electric rail fixed in a rail groove provided on both sides of the fish-lifting cavity, and the fish-lifting plate fixed on both sides of an electric slide rail seat, with the electric slide rail seat movably mounted on the electric rail.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, fish-attracting lights are provided in the first fish-attracting chamber, the second fish-attracting chamber, and the fish-raising chamber.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this novel air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system are as follows: 1. This system innovatively designs a reversible fish transport mechanism, which can flexibly switch the transport direction according to actual ecological needs or seasonal fish migration patterns, enabling fish to be guided upstream or transported downstream. This bidirectional transport function not only meets the migration needs of different fish species at various life stages such as reproduction, foraging, and overwintering, but also provides an intelligent solution for water conservancy projects (such as hydropower stations and dams) to ensure aquatic ecological connectivity, significantly improving the adaptability and eco-friendliness of fish passage facilities; 2. The system is equipped with a first, second, and third lifting gate sequentially inside the first guide body. Through the coordinated opening and closing of these three gates, the guide body is divided into two independent and functionally distinct transition chambers. During operation, the lifting gates open and close intermittently according to a preset sequence: when fish are lured into the first chamber, the first lifting gate closes to create a closed space; then the second lifting gate opens, guiding the fish into the next chamber; the third lifting gate controls the exit, achieving progressive advancement. This multi-stage segmented control mode effectively avoids water flow turbulence and fish backflow, ensuring the continuity, safety, and high throughput of the fish passage process. 3. Programmable fish-attracting lights are installed at key locations in each chamber and passageway to form a dynamic light environment control system. Based on the phototactic characteristics of the target fish species (such as sensitivity to specific wavelengths of blue-green light), the fish-attracting lights are intelligently controlled using intermittent flashing, gradual brightening / fading, or wave-like advancement modes. The periodic switching of the lights forms a "visual guidance chain," simulating changes in the natural light environment or signals of bait organism activity, gradually attracting fish to move to the next chamber or in the transport direction. This light-attracting mechanism is highly coordinated with the lifting gate's operation, achieving an automated "light-in, gate-opening" process, significantly improving fish-attracting efficiency and system automation, and reducing reliance on manual intervention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire utility model; Figure 2 This is a utility model Figure 1 Structural diagram of A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a utility model Figure 3 Structural diagram of B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a utility model Figure 3 Structural diagram of C; Figure 6 This is a utility model Figure 3 The structural diagram of D in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Conveying housing; 2. First guide body; 3. Second guide body; 230. Guide groove; 231. Guide hole; 4. First fish-attracting chamber; 5. Second fish-attracting chamber; 6. Fish-lifting chamber; 7. First lifting door; 8. Second lifting door; 9. Third lifting door; 10. Lifting plate; 11. Lifting system; 1101. Electric track; 1102. Electric slide rail seat; 1103. Fish-lifting plate; 12. Sealing door; 13. Fish-attracting light; 14. Hydraulic cylinder; 15. Pneumatic system. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1 like Figure 1-6 As shown, the air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system includes: a conveying housing 1, which has a cavity for conveying fish and a first guide body 2 and a second guide body 3 for fish to enter and exit. The first guide body 2 and the second guide body 3 are located on opposite sides of the conveying housing 1, and the top of the conveying housing 1 is provided with an air pressure system 15. The first guide body 2 is provided with three liftable lifting components at intervals to separate the two fish-attracting chambers. The two fish-attracting chambers are used to continuously lure fish into the conveying shell 1 so that the conveying shell 1 can be pressurized by the air pressure system 15 to transport the fish to the outside of the second guide body 3. The second guide body 3 is equipped with a liftable sealing door 12. When the sealing door 12 is closed, it is used to ensure that the negative pressure inside the conveying housing 1 increases.

[0020] Furthermore, a pneumatic system 15 is provided at the top of the conveying housing 1. The pneumatic system 15 extends into the inner cavity of the conveying housing 1 through a pipe. The conveying housing 1 is vertically arranged, and a first guide body 2 and a second guide body 3 are fixedly installed on its opposite side. The first guide body 2 and the second guide body 3 are connected to the conveying housing 1. In use, the first guide body 2 is completely submerged in water to allow water to enter the inner cavity of the conveying housing 1. The second guide body 3 is provided with a sealing door 12. When the sealing door 12 is closed, it forms a sealed space with the water surface in the conveying housing 1. The pneumatic system 15 is activated to remove the air in the conveying housing 1 and create a negative pressure, causing the water in the conveying housing 1 to rise to the top of its inner cavity. At this time, the sealing door 12 is opened, and the water flows out naturally from the second guide body 3. A one-way valve is provided on the pipe extending into the conveying housing 15 to prevent water from entering the pneumatic system 15 when the water level rises. The first guide body 2 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the side wall of the conveying housing 1, and the second guide body 3 is fixedly installed on the side wall away from the top of the conveying housing 1, so that the sealing door 12 is set away from the top of the inner cavity of the conveying housing 1, and more fish are carried out by the water through the second guide body 3 at the moment the sealing door 12 is opened.

[0021] The conveying housing 1 is connected to the first guide body 2 and the second guide body 3. The first guide body 2 is provided with multiple sets of guide grooves 230 at intervals, and the top of the first guide body 2 is provided with a guide hole 231. The second guide body 3 is provided with a set of guide grooves 230, and the top of the second guide body 3 is provided with a guide hole 231. The guide grooves 230 are respectively connected to the guide holes 231.

[0022] Furthermore, the guide grooves 230 provided in the first guide body 2 and the second guide body 3 are for facilitating the lifting of the lifting component and the sealing door 12 and preventing them from tilting during the lifting process. Multiple sets of guide grooves 230 are spaced apart in the first guide body 2, with two corresponding guide grooves in each set. The guide holes 231 facilitate the insertion of the lifting component and the sealing door 12 into the guide grooves 230, allowing them to move vertically within the guide grooves 230.

[0023] The lifting component and the sealing door 12 are respectively inserted into each group of guide grooves 230 through guide holes 231.

[0024] Furthermore, the lifting component and the sealing door 12 can move up and down in the guide groove 230, and the sealing door 12 and the guide groove 230 are preferably precision machined.

[0025] The lifting mechanism includes a first lifting door 7, a second lifting door 8, and a third lifting door 9, with the second lifting door 8 located between the first lifting door 7 and the third lifting door 9.

[0026] Furthermore, the first lifting door 7, the second lifting door 8, and the third lifting door 9 all use filter plates with smaller pore sizes to facilitate the rise of the water level in the housing 1 when the air pressure system 15 is started.

[0027] The conveyor housing 1 is equipped with a fish lifting chamber 6.

[0028] Furthermore, the cavity inside the conveying shell 1 is a fish-lifting cavity 6, which is used to transport fish to the upstream of the dam.

[0029] The fish-attracting chamber includes a first fish-attracting chamber 4 and a second fish-attracting chamber 5. The first fish-attracting chamber 4 and the second fish-attracting chamber 5 are separated by a second lifting door 8 and are located inside the first guide body 2.

[0030] Furthermore, the first fish-attracting chamber 4 and the second fish-attracting chamber 5 are separated by the second lifting door 8. The first guide body 2 is provided with a first lifting door 7, a second lifting door 8 and a third lifting door 9 at intervals, forming the first fish-attracting chamber 4 and the second fish-attracting chamber 5 in the first guide body 2. When the first lifting door 7 opens, the first batch of juvenile fish enters the first fish-attracting chamber 4, and when the second lifting door 8 opens, the first batch of juvenile fish enters the second fish-attracting chamber 5. At this time, the first lifting door 7 opens, the second batch of juvenile fish enters the first fish-attracting chamber 4, and when the third lifting door 9 opens, the first batch of juvenile fish enters the fish-attracting chamber 6, and so on, which facilitates the continuous transport of fish.

[0031] The top of the first lifting door 7, the second lifting door 8, the third lifting door 9 and the sealing door 12 are all equipped with lifting plates 10, and hydraulic cylinders 14 are provided on both sides of the lifting plates 10. The hydraulic cylinders 14 are respectively fixed to the side walls of the first guide body 2 and the second guide body 3.

[0032] Furthermore, the lifting plate 10 facilitates the raising and lowering of the first lifting door 7, the second lifting door 8, the third lifting door 9, and the sealing door 12. Hydraulic cylinders 14 are fixedly connected to both sides of the lifting plate 10, and the hydraulic cylinders 14 are fixedly installed on the side walls of the first guide body 2 and the second guide body 3, so that the hydraulic cylinders 14 can open the lifting door and the sealing door 12.

[0033] The fish-shaped cavity 6 is equipped with a lifting system 11.

[0034] Furthermore, when the first batch of juvenile fish enters the fish-lifting chamber, the lifting system 11 is activated to facilitate driving the fish to the upper part of the conveyor housing 1. The lifting system 11 is made of stainless steel and is waterproof when powered on.

[0035] The lifting system 11 includes an electric rail 1101 fixed in the rail grooves provided on both sides of the fish lifting cavity 6, and a fish lifting plate 1103 fixed on both sides of the electric slide rail seat 1102, with the electric slide rail seat 1102 movably mounted on the electric rail 1101.

[0036] Furthermore, when the first batch of juvenile fish arrives at the fish-lifting chamber 6 and is positioned on the fish-lifting plate 1103, the electric track 1101 and the electric slide rail seat 1102 are activated. At this time, the fish-lifting plate 1103 rises along with the electric slide rail seat 1102, and the first batch of juvenile fish is driven to the position of the second guide body 3. The sealing door 12 is opened, and the first batch of juvenile fish enters the upstream area with the water. The fish-lifting chamber 6 uses a filter plate with a small pore size to facilitate the transfer of juvenile fish and then larger fish.

[0037] Fish-attracting lamps 13 are installed in the first fish-attracting chamber 4, the second fish-attracting chamber 5, and the fish-raising chamber 6.

[0038] Furthermore, when the first lifting door 7 opens, the fish-attracting light 13 in the first fish-attracting chamber 4 is turned on, attracting the first batch of juvenile fish into the first fish-attracting chamber 4. When the second lifting door 8 opens, the fish-attracting light 13 in the second fish-attracting chamber 5 is turned on. At this time, when the first lifting door 7 opens, the fish-attracting light 13 in the first fish-attracting chamber 4 is turned off, making it easier for the first batch of juvenile fish to enter the second fish-attracting chamber 5. This process is repeated to facilitate the transport of juvenile fish.

[0039] Example 2 Multimodal fish-attracting matrices can be set in the first fish-attracting chamber 4, the second fish-attracting chamber 5, and the fish-ascending chamber 6. Combined with dynamically changing fish-attracting factors (such as sound waves of specific frequencies simulating fish school signals, intermittent release of bait odors to guide swimming paths using bionic fish), multisensory stimulation attracts fish to actively enter the first fish-attracting chamber 4, the second fish-attracting chamber 5, and the fish-ascending chamber 6 sequentially. To prevent fish from adapting to fixed fish-attracting patterns, algorithms are needed to control the random changes in light intensity, sound frequency, and the movement trajectory of the bionic fish, continuously stimulating the fish's curiosity or herd behavior and breaking the adaptation threshold.

[0040] Multimodal approaches refer to systems that integrate multiple physical or chemical stimuli to attract fish. Common modalities include light signals, sound / acoustic signals, water flow / pressure disturbances, chemical signals (pheromones), and electric field signals. Light signals: Using LED light strips or arrays of different colors (e.g., white, blue, green), flashing frequencies, and dynamic patterns to simulate phytoplankton bioluminescence or changes in natural light, attracting phototactic fish. Sound / acoustic signals: Playing the sounds of fish gathering, prey organisms, or specific frequencies of sound waves, propagated through underwater speakers (transducers), attracting auditory-sensitive fish. Water flow / pressure disturbances: Creating specific water flow patterns or low-frequency vibrations using small pumps or vibrating devices to simulate the hydrodynamic signals of fish swimming or prey activity. Chemical signals (pheromones): Releasing trace amounts of fish pheromones or prey odors (technically difficult to achieve and control, mostly in the research stage). Electric field signals: Some fish are sensitive to weak electric fields; specific patterns of electric fields can be released through electrodes for guidance (less commonly used).

[0041] Example 3 The first guide body 1 is completely submerged in the downstream water, and the second guide body 2 extends into the lake water through the hole opened on the dam. At this time, the water level completely submerges the fish lifting chamber 6 inside the conveying shell 1. The sealing door 12 provided in the second guide body 2 is always open, and the air pressure system 15 is kept closed. When the fish from the upstream enters the downstream, the fish lifting plate 1103 in the lifting system 11 is located at the bottom of the fish lifting chamber 6, which facilitates the bidirectional fish transport of this structure.

[0042] Example 4 This structure has two sections spaced apart on the dam. One first guide body 2 is completely submerged upstream, and the other first guide body 2 is completely submerged downstream. Bubble curtains are installed at the positions of the first guide body 2 and the second guide body 3. The bubble curtains are used to lure fish into the first guide body 2 or the second guide body 3.

[0043] In summary, the implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: The first guide body 2 is completely submerged in water, introducing water into the fish-lifting chamber 6 of the conveying housing 1. When the first lifting door 7 slowly opens, the fish-attracting light 13 in the first fish-attracting chamber 4 turns on, enticing the first batch of fish into the first fish-attracting chamber 4. At this time, the first lifting door 7 slowly closes. The second lifting door 8 slowly opens, the fish-attracting light 13 in the first fish-attracting chamber 4 turns off, and the fish-attracting light 13 in the second fish-attracting chamber 5 turns on, allowing the first batch of fish to enter the second fish-attracting chamber 5. At this time, the second lifting door 7 slowly closes. The first lifting door 7 slowly opens, the fish-attracting light 13 in the first fish-attracting chamber 4 turns on, enticing the second batch of fish into the first fish-attracting chamber 4. The third lifting door 8 slowly opens, the fish-attracting light 13 in the first fish-attracting chamber 4 turns off, and the fish-attracting light 13 in the lifting chamber 6 turns on. The first batch of fish enters the lifting chamber 6, and at this time, the first batch of fish is above the lifting plate 1103. The air pressure system 15 is activated to pump air out of the casing 1, and the water level will rise as the air decreases. Then, the electric track 1101 and electric slide rail seat 1102 are activated, and the first batch of fish is driven to the sealing door 12 of the second guide body 3 through the lifting plate 1103. When the sealing door 12 opens, the water will carry the first batch of fish and flow out quickly from the second guide body 3.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of this utility model and should not be considered as limitations on this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model should be the technical solution described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pneumatically driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system, characterized in that: include: The conveying housing (1) has a cavity for conveying fish and a first guide (2) and a second guide (3) for fish to enter and exit. The first guide (2) and the second guide (3) are located on opposite sides of the conveying housing (1). The top of the conveying housing (1) is equipped with a pneumatic system (15). The first guide body (2) is provided with three liftable lifting parts in the middle and is used to separate the two fish-attracting chambers. The two fish-attracting chambers are used to continuously attract fish into the conveying shell (1) so that the conveying shell (1) can be pressurized by the air pressure system (15) and the fish can be transported to the outside of the second guide body (3). The second guide body (3) is provided with a liftable sealing door (12), which is used to ensure that the negative pressure inside the conveying housing (1) increases when the sealing door (12) is closed.

2. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying housing (1) is connected to the first guide body (2) and the second guide body (3). The first guide body (2) is provided with multiple sets of guide grooves (230) at intervals, and the top of the first guide body (2) is provided with a guide hole (231). The second guide body (3) is provided with a set of guide grooves (230), and the top of the second guide body (3) is provided with a guide hole (231). The guide grooves (230) are connected to the guide holes (231) respectively.

3. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The lifting component and the sealing door (12) are respectively inserted into each set of guide grooves (230) through guide holes (231).

4. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting components include a first lifting door (7), a second lifting door (8) and a third lifting door (9), with the second lifting door (8) located between the first lifting door (7) and the third lifting door (9).

5. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying housing (1) is provided with a fish lifting chamber (6).

6. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fish-attracting chamber includes a first fish-attracting chamber (4) and a second fish-attracting chamber (5). The first fish-attracting chamber (4) and the second fish-attracting chamber (5) are separated by a second lifting door (8) and are located inside the first guide body (2).

7. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The top of the first lifting door (7), the second lifting door (8), the third lifting door (9) and the sealing door (12) are all provided with lifting plates (10), and hydraulic cylinders (14) are provided on both sides of the lifting plates (10). The hydraulic cylinders (14) are fixed on the side walls of the first guide body (2) and the second guide body (3), respectively.

8. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fish cavity (6) is equipped with a lifting system (11).

9. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lifting system (11) includes an electric rail (1101) fixed in the rail groove provided on both sides of the fish lifting cavity (6), and the fish lifting plate (1103) fixed on both sides of the electric slide rail seat (1102), with the electric slide rail seat (1102) movably mounted on the electric rail (1101).

10. The air-driven bidirectional continuous fish passage system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, Fish-attracting lamps (13) are provided in the first fish-attracting chamber (4), the second fish-attracting chamber (5), and the fish-raising chamber (6).

Images