Support anchor rod structure connecting high slope and secondary concrete
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521849784.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-29
AI Technical Summary
然而，由于边坡锚杆已施工完成，后续施工的二次混凝土与既有锚杆之间难以有效结合，形成“两张皮”现象
[0011]本实用新型提供的高边坡与二次混凝土连接的支护锚杆结构，采用在固定建筑物和边坡体之间回填混凝土，可以兼作二次支护与结构外模，从而保证工程稳定与安全；接驳钢筋采用与锚杆同轴设置的直线型钢筋，能够实现边坡与回填混凝土之间的锚杆拉结，增强固定建筑物与回填混凝土的整体性，减少额外的支护工作量；并且，接驳钢筋的长度可以根据固定建筑物和边坡体的间隙自由选择，避免了狭窄区域难以施工的弊端。本实用新型施工简单，施工效率高，安装速度快，节省时间成本；连接稳定可靠，不受环境因素影响；适用于各种复杂施工条件；价格便宜，降低了工程成本，质量稳定性高。
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Figure CN224705157U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anchor support technology in water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a support anchor structure for high slopes connected to secondary concrete. Background Technology
[0002] In water conservancy projects, high slopes are common due to factors such as geological structure, topography, hydrological conditions, and survey and design requirements. The geological information relied upon for excavation design often comes from limited geological survey data, and the actual geological conditions revealed during construction frequently differ from the drawings. Continuing construction according to the original excavation and support plan may pose safety hazards. For example, when constructing high-rise buildings or large factories within deep foundation pits after slope excavation, a significant gap exists between the fixed structure and the slope, typically requiring secondary concrete backfilling. However, since the slope anchors have already been installed, the subsequent secondary concrete work is difficult to bond effectively with the existing anchors, resulting in a "two-layer" phenomenon. Improving this situation often requires complex procedural adjustments, which are difficult and costly to implement.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new support anchor structure that can achieve efficient connection and coordinated force sharing between high slopes and secondary concrete structures. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This utility model provides a support anchor structure for connecting high slopes and secondary concrete that is ingeniously designed and easy to construct. Specifically, the following technical solution can be adopted: The support anchor structure for connecting a high slope with secondary concrete according to this utility model includes a deep foundation pit formed by excavation and a slope body. A fixed structure is set in the deep foundation pit. A shotcrete layer is set on the surface of the slope body. A steel mesh is set in the shotcrete layer. A secondary concrete structure is set between the fixed structure and the shotcrete layer. Anchor rods and drainage pipes extending towards the fixed structure are set in the slope body. A connector is set at the end of the anchor rod, and the end of the connector extends out of the shotcrete layer. Connecting steel bars are set in the secondary concrete structure, and the connecting steel bars are connected to the connector.
[0005] The aforementioned secondary concrete structure utilizes backfill concrete placed between the fixed structure and the slope, serving as both secondary support and structural formwork to ensure project stability and safety. Anchor bolts and drainage pipes are installed before the shotcrete layer is applied, while the connecting steel bars are connected to the connectors after the shotcrete layer is applied and before the secondary concrete structure is constructed. Before installing the connecting steel bars, certain protective measures must be taken at the ends of the connectors to ensure smooth installation. By using connectors, the anchor bolts located within the slope and the connecting steel bars located within the secondary concrete structure are connected together, effectively integrating the subsequently added secondary concrete structure with the slope anchor bolts and improving overall structural stability. The length of the connecting steel bars can be freely selected based on the gap between the fixed structure and the slope, avoiding the disadvantages of difficult construction in narrow areas. This construction method is simple, easy to implement, and low in cost.
[0006] Preferably, the shotcrete layer comprises a lower first concrete layer and an upper second concrete layer, with the reinforcing mesh disposed between the first and second concrete layers. Preferably, the thickness of the first concrete layer is 3-5 cm. Distributing the reinforcing mesh between the first and upper second concrete layers effectively improves the crack resistance, shear resistance, and spalling resistance of the entire shotcrete layer, while allowing for a thinner shotcrete layer and saving concrete, all while meeting construction requirements.
[0007] Preferably, anchor bolt holes are provided within the slope body. The inner diameter of the anchor bolt holes is at least 50 mm, and the maximum depth is 100 mm. The anchor bolt is coaxially arranged with the anchor bolt hole, and a cement mortar protective layer is provided between the anchor bolt and the anchor bolt hole. A wedge fixing block and a cement mortar sealing layer are provided at the opening of the anchor bolt hole. The mortar inside the hole covers the entire length of the anchor bolt, which not only fixes the anchor bolt but also prevents groundwater and chloride ions from corroding the anchor bolt. The opening of the hole further fixes and seals the anchor bolt, effectively preventing rainwater and surface water from seeping into the hole and effectively extending the service life of the anchor bolt.
[0008] Preferably, the connector is a straight-threaded sleeve connector, and a rubber plug is movably provided at the end of the connector. The straight-threaded sleeve connector has high tensile strength and a high degree of fit with straight-threaded reinforcing bars, which can facilitate the installation of straight-threaded reinforcing bars (i.e., splicing reinforcing bars); the rubber plug is movably installed on the connector, which can effectively prevent damage to the installation end of the connector during the construction of the shotcrete layer, and the rubber plug can be easily removed when the splicing reinforcing bars need to be installed.
[0009] Preferably, the anchor rod is perpendicular to the shotcrete layer, and the connecting steel bar is a straight steel bar coaxial with the anchor rod. Using a straight steel bar coaxial with the anchor rod enables anchor rod connection between the slope and the backfill concrete, enhancing the integrity of the fixed structure and the backfill concrete, and reducing additional support work. Furthermore, the anchor rod's perpendicularity to the shotcrete layer maximizes its tensile strength, effectively resisting slope slippage, and more effectively transferring the load of the unstable soil and rock mass on the slope surface to the deeper, more stable soil and rock mass, resulting in a more uniform stress distribution within the slope and thus improving the overall structural stability.
[0010] Preferably, the drainage pipe is inclined downwards at a 10° angle to the horizontal plane, and a filter geotextile is installed on the outside of the drainage pipe. The drainage pipe can reduce the water content of the slope, and its structure combined with anchor bolts can further enhance the stability of the slope.
[0011] This utility model provides a support anchor structure for connecting high slopes to secondary concrete. It utilizes backfilled concrete between the fixed structure and the slope, serving as both secondary support and structural formwork, thus ensuring project stability and safety. The connecting steel bars are straight bars coaxial with the anchor rods, enabling anchor connection between the slope and backfilled concrete, enhancing the integrity of the fixed structure and reducing additional support work. Furthermore, the length of the connecting steel bars can be freely selected according to the gap between the fixed structure and the slope, avoiding the disadvantages of difficult construction in narrow areas. This utility model is simple to construct, highly efficient, and quick to install, saving time and costs. The connection is stable and reliable, unaffected by environmental factors; it is suitable for various complex construction conditions; it is inexpensive, reducing project costs, and offers high quality stability. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Figure 1 .
[0013] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second section of the slope.
[0014] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the connection between the central anchor bolt and the connecting steel reinforcement.
[0015] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the middle anchor bolt. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The support anchor structure for connecting a high slope with secondary concrete according to this utility model includes a deep foundation pit formed by excavation and a slope body. A fixed structure is set in the deep foundation pit. A shotcrete layer is set on the surface of the slope body. A steel mesh is set in the shotcrete layer. A secondary concrete structure is set between the fixed structure and the shotcrete layer. Anchor rods and drainage pipes extending towards the fixed structure are set in the slope body. A connector is set at the end of the anchor rod, and the end of the connector extends out of the shotcrete layer. Connecting steel bars are set in the secondary concrete structure, and the connecting steel bars are connected to the connector.
[0017] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of this utility model and provide detailed implementation methods and specific construction processes. However, the protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.
[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, fixed structures M, such as high-rise buildings and large factories, are located within a deep foundation pit formed after the slope is excavated. Because there is a gap between the excavation slope line and the fixed structure M, after the construction of the fixed structure M is completed, concrete needs to be backfilled into the pit to ensure the stability and safety of the project. This backfilled concrete is the secondary concrete structure in this embodiment. To ensure effective integration between the subsequently added secondary concrete structure and the slope anchors, the structure described in this invention improves the overall structural stability.
[0019] Specifically as follows: like Figures 1-3 As shown, the support anchor structure for connecting a high slope with secondary concrete according to this utility model includes a deep foundation pit formed by excavation and a slope body 1. A shotcrete layer 2 is provided on the surface of the slope body 1, and a steel mesh 3 is provided within the shotcrete layer 2. The shotcrete layer 2 includes a lower first concrete layer 21 and an upper second concrete layer 22, and the steel mesh 3 is positioned between the first concrete layer 21 and the second concrete layer 22 (see...). Figure 3 A secondary concrete structure 4 (i.e., backfill concrete) is installed between the shotcrete layer 2 and the fixed structure M. Anchor rods 5 and drainage pipes 7 extending towards the deep foundation pit are installed inside the slope body 1. Connectors 8 are installed at the ends of the anchor rods 5, and the ends of the connectors 8 extend outside the shotcrete layer 2. Connecting steel bars 9 are installed inside the secondary concrete structure 4, and the connecting steel bars 9 are connected to the connectors 8.
[0020] The specific construction process is as follows: Excavation of slope body 1 is accepted and qualified → Drilling of anchor bolt holes → Cleaning and blowing away rock powder and accumulated water in the holes → Grouting into the anchor bolt holes first and then inserting anchor bolts 5 → Installing connectors 8 → Spraying water to moisten the rock surface and spraying the first concrete layer 21 (thickness 3cm~5cm) → Hanging steel mesh 3 and connecting and fixing steel mesh 3 to anchor bolts 5 → Spraying the second concrete layer 22 → Curing → Installing connecting steel bars 9 → Implementing the secondary concrete structure 4.
[0021] The aforementioned slope excavation and anchor-sprayed support should be implemented layer by layer from top to bottom, proceeding step by step downwards until the design elevation at the slope toe is reached, forming the excavated slope surface. During slope excavation, support must be carried out simultaneously with excavation, and support measures must be implemented closely following the excavation.
[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, holes are drilled in the slope body 1 as anchor bolt holes 51. The diameter of the anchor bolt hole 51 is not less than 50mm, and the depth should not exceed 100mm. The anchor bolt 5 is placed centered with the anchor bolt hole 51 to ensure that the thickness of the cement mortar protective layer 52 is uniform. The performance indicators of the anchor bolt 5 material should meet the design requirements. Before use, it should be straightened, rust-free, and degreased. After the anchor bolt 5 is inserted into the anchor bolt hole 51, it is fixed at the hole opening with an iron wedge and the hole opening is sealed with cement mortar (i.e., an iron wedge fixing block and a cement mortar hole opening sealing layer are set). A straight threaded sleeve connector 8 is installed at the end of the anchor bolt 5. The position of the connector 8 should be reserved according to the thickness of the shotcrete layer 2, and the end of the connector 8 is sealed with a rubber plug to protect the connector 8.
[0023] Before constructing shotcrete layer 2, loose soil (rock) and accumulated materials on the sprayed surface should be removed by air or water. Shotcrete layer 2 should be sprayed in sections and sections sequentially, from bottom to top. When spraying in layers, the next layer should be sprayed after the previous layer has fully set. If spraying is to be done again 1 hour after final setting, the surface of the previous sprayed layer should be cleaned by air or water before the next spraying operation. The shotcrete in two cycles should have a 200mm overlap length, and the unevenness of the overlap should be controlled within the allowable range. The surface of shotcrete layer 2 should be flat, and its average unevenness should be controlled within 100mm. After that, install the connecting steel bars 9, and then implement the secondary concrete structure 4 (i.e., backfilling concrete between the slope body 1 and the fixed structure M). When implementing the secondary concrete structure 4, loose base layer (shotcrete and rock) should be removed and cleaned.
[0024] In this embodiment, the anchor rod 5 is set perpendicular to the shotcrete layer 2, and the connecting steel bar 9 is a straight steel bar set coaxially with the anchor rod 5, realizing the anchor rod connection between the slope and the backfill concrete, enhancing the integrity of the fixed structure and the backfill concrete, and reducing the amount of additional support work. Furthermore, the length of the connecting steel bar 9 can be freely selected according to the gap between the fixed structure M and the slope body 1, avoiding the disadvantage of difficult construction in narrow areas.
[0025] Furthermore, drainage pipes 7 can be installed on the slope 1 before the construction of the shotcrete layer 2. These pipes are used to centrally drain accumulated water from the slope 1 and reduce the water content of the slope 1. Typically, the drainage pipes 7 are installed at a 10° angle downwards to the horizontal plane, and are wrapped with a geotextile filter to prevent soil and other impurities from clogging the drainage holes and to enhance the drainage effect.
[0026] In this embodiment, a connector 8 is used to connect the anchor rod 5 located within the slope body 1 and the connecting steel bar 9 located within the secondary concrete structure 4. This allows the subsequently added secondary concrete structure 4 to be effectively integrated with the slope anchor rod 5, improving the overall structural stability. The above construction method is simple, easy to implement, and low in cost.
[0027] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", and "outer" indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
Claims
1. A support anchor structure for connecting a high slope to secondary concrete, characterized in that: The structure includes a deep foundation pit and a slope formed by excavation. A fixed structure is installed in the deep foundation pit. A shotcrete layer is installed on the surface of the slope, and a steel mesh is installed inside the shotcrete layer. A secondary concrete structure is installed between the fixed structure and the shotcrete layer. Anchor rods and drainage pipes extending towards the fixed structure are installed in the slope. A connector is installed at the end of the anchor rod, and the end of the connector extends outside the shotcrete layer. Connecting steel bars are installed in the secondary concrete structure, and the connecting steel bars are connected to the connector.
2. The support anchor structure for connecting high slopes and secondary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shotcrete layer comprises a first concrete layer below and a second concrete layer above, with the steel mesh disposed between the first and second concrete layers.
3. The support anchor structure for connecting high slopes and secondary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anchor bolt holes are provided in the slope body. The inner diameter of the anchor bolt holes is at least 50 mm and the maximum depth is 100 mm. The anchor bolts are coaxially arranged with the anchor bolt holes, and a cement mortar protective layer is provided between the anchor bolts and the anchor bolt holes. An iron wedge fixing block and a cement mortar hole sealing layer are provided at the opening of the anchor bolt holes.
4. The support anchor structure for connecting high slopes and secondary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector is a straight threaded sleeve connector, and a rubber plug is movably provided at the end of the connector.
5. The support anchor structure for connecting high slopes and secondary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod is set perpendicular to the shotcrete layer, and the connecting steel bar is a straight steel bar set coaxially with the anchor rod.
6. The support anchor structure for connecting high slopes and secondary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe is inclined downward at a 10° angle to the horizontal plane, and a reverse filter geotextile is installed on the outside of the drainage pipe.