A flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection

Abstract

This utility model provides a flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection, belonging to the field of slope protection technology. It includes a drainage cushion layer, a base drainage pipe inserted at the bottom of the drainage cushion layer, a concrete base laid on top of the drainage cushion layer, U-shaped steel bars fitted on the outer side of the geogrid, a back drainage layer laid on one side of the backfill layer, and a drainage structure located inside the slope surface protection layer. In this utility model, the geogrid reinforcement provides stable support to resist lateral slope pressure. Simultaneously, the base drainage cushion layer drains groundwater from the slope bottom, and the back drainage layer guides accumulated water within the slope. This dual drainage design effectively reduces the softening effect of groundwater on expansive soil and the impact of water pressure. It can both promptly drain excess water generated by expansive soil deformation to dissipate energy and limit its maximum deformation, solving problems such as water-induced instability and excessive deformation of expansive soil slopes, ensuring long-term slope stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope protection technology, specifically to a flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection. Background Technology

[0002] Expansive soil is a special type of cohesive soil with significant swelling and shrinkage characteristics. It generates a large swelling force when absorbing water and shrinks when losing water. Expansive soil slopes are prone to deformation, landslides and other diseases when the natural environment changes, especially under the influence of factors such as rainfall. Therefore, flexible support structures are set up for expansive soil slope protection to prevent disasters.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN217679174U discloses a flexible ecological support structure for expansive soil slopes, including a vegetation protection mat, anchor bolts, U-shaped nails, interception / drainage ditches, and slope protection vegetation. The vegetation protection mat is laid flat on the surface of the expansive soil slope and adheres to the soil, with its edges embedded in the bottom of the interception / drainage ditches. The anchor bolts are arranged in a rectangular pattern within the grid of the vegetation protection mat. The U-shaped nails are used to fix the vegetation protection mat between anchor bolts and at the edges of the interception / drainage ditches. The vegetation protection mat is fixed at the bottom of the interception / drainage ditches, and the upper part is constructed to a designed depth, ultimately connecting to the drainage system. The interception / drainage ditches are located at the outer edge of the slope protection. The slope protection vegetation is densely planted within the three-dimensional grid space of the vegetation protection mat. This invention can achieve surface protection for gently sloping expansive soil slopes, improve the overall stability of the slope, and provide good long-term treatment results.

[0004] The aforementioned patent still has the following shortcomings: Traditional slope protection structures, such as rigid retaining walls, have certain limitations when dealing with expansive soil slopes. On the one hand, although rigid support structures have high strength, they are difficult to adapt to the deformation of expansive soil and are prone to cracking and damage due to the expansion force of the expansive soil, thus losing their support function. On the other hand, traditional support structures are often not perfect in guiding groundwater within the slope and isolating rainwater on the slope surface, and cannot effectively limit the maximum deformation of expansive soil, making it difficult to fundamentally solve the stability problem of expansive soil slopes. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection, which solves the problems of rigid support structures mentioned in the background art, which are difficult to adapt to the deformation of expansive soil, are prone to cracking and damage due to the expansion force of expansive soil, and thus lose their support function. At the same time, they are not perfect in draining groundwater in the slope and isolating rainwater on the slope surface, and cannot effectively limit the maximum deformation of expansive soil.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: An embodiment of this utility model provides a flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection, including a drainage cushion layer, and further comprising: The base drainage pipe is inserted at the bottom of the drainage pad, the top of the drainage pad is covered with a concrete base, and a drainage ditch is fixed on one side of the concrete base. A separation structure is installed at the top of the drainage ditch to intercept soil that enters the drainage ditch. The backfill soil layer is set on the side away from the drainage ditch at the top of the concrete base, and geogrids are inserted inside the backfill soil layer, and U-shaped steel bars are sleeved on the outside of the geogrids. A back drainage layer is laid on one side of the backfill layer. A slope protection layer is laid on the outside of the backfill layer. A connecting steel bar that is fixed to the geogrid is fixed inside the slope protection layer. A slope top waterproof layer is laid on the top of the backfill layer. Drainage structures are installed inside the slope protection layer to drain excess water from the backfill soil layer.

[0007] Through the above technical solutions, the drainage cushion layer continuously drains groundwater from the bottom of the slope through its own permeability. At the same time, the drainage pipe at the base drains the collected groundwater out of the slope, reducing its softening effect on the expansive soil. The concrete base provides basic support for the entire support structure. The geogrid and U-shaped steel bars form a mesh reinforcement system, which enhances the overall shear strength of the backfill soil layer, making the slope soil less prone to stratification and sliding. The slope top waterproof layer blocks rainwater infiltration from the slope top, preventing rainwater from directly invading the expansive soil. The slope surface protection layer is fixed to the geogrid by connecting steel bars to form a surface protection, isolating the slope surface from external rainwater erosion.

[0008] Furthermore, the geogrids are staggered inside the backfill soil layer, and adjacent groups of geogrids are fixedly connected by U-shaped steel bars. The geogrids are connected to the slope protection layer by connecting steel bars.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, the staggered geogrids form a mesh reinforcement system inside the backfill soil layer. At the same time, the U-shaped steel bars fix adjacent geogrids, which greatly enhances the integrity and shear strength of the reinforced body.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage structure includes an overflow pipe fixed inside one side of the slope protection layer, an installation sleeve is threaded to one side of the overflow pipe, a wire mesh is fixed inside the installation sleeve, overflow holes are opened on the outer side wall of the overflow pipe, and a partition is fixed to the outer side of the overflow pipe.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, water enters the overflow pipe through the overflow hole, while the baffle will block soil clods, stones or large objects from entering the overflow hole. Then the overflow pipe will guide the filtered water through the slope protection layer to the outside of the slope.

[0012] Furthermore, the overflow pipe penetrates the slope protection layer and extends into the backfill layer, and the overflow pipes are arranged at equal intervals inside the backfill layer.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the overflow pipe penetrates the slope protection layer and extends into the backfill soil layer. The pipes are arranged at equal intervals, which can evenly cover all areas of the backfill soil layer, efficiently collect excess water from different locations, and quickly discharge it outside the slope, maintaining the stability of the soil moisture content and contributing to the stability of the slope.

[0014] Furthermore, several sets of overflow holes are provided on the outside of the overflow pipe, and the several sets of overflow holes are distributed at equal intervals on the outside of the overflow pipe.

[0015] The above technical solution involves setting multiple overflow holes at equal intervals on the outside of the overflow pipe, which increases the water inflow channel, allowing water in the backfill soil layer to quickly enter the pipe, avoiding local water accumulation, ensuring drainage efficiency, and reducing adverse effects on expansive soil.

[0016] Furthermore, the separation structure includes a fixed frame fixed to one side of the top of the drainage ditch, a rotating shaft rotatably connected inside the fixed frame, a flipping frame fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft, an isolation cover fixed to the bottom of the flipping frame, a metal mesh fixed inside the isolation cover, a push handle fixed at the middle section of the rotating shaft, and a push plate fixed to the top of the push handle.

[0017] The above technical solution uses a metal mesh to intercept mud, gravel, and other impurities that flow into the drainage ditch with the water flow. This pushes a pusher plate to rotate the pusher handle, causing the tilting frame to tilt and flip, making it easier to clean the isolation cover and the metal mesh.

[0018] Furthermore, the top of the drainage ditch is provided with a groove that matches the shape of the bottom of the isolation cover, and the isolation cover forms a rotating structure through the flipping frame, the rotating shaft and the fixed frame.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the groove at the top of the drainage ditch fits precisely with the bottom of the isolation cover, which can reduce the seepage of impurities from the gaps and improve the interception effect. At the same time, the isolation cover can be opened and closed flexibly with the help of the rotating structure formed by the flipping frame, rotating shaft and fixed frame, which makes it easy for staff to clean the intercepted objects on the metal mesh and ensure the long-term smooth flow of the drainage ditch.

[0020] The above-described solution of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a stable foundation for the entire support structure through a concrete base. Combined with staggered geogrids within the backfill layer, and secured by U-shaped steel bars, a high-strength mesh reinforcement system is formed. This system serves as the core of the support, effectively resisting lateral pressure from the slope soil, thereby enhancing the overall shear strength of the backfill layer, restraining soil stratification and providing stable retaining force for the slope. Simultaneously, based on a drainage cushion layer, drainage pipes at the base assist in draining groundwater from the slope bottom. A back drainage layer laid between the back of the concrete base and the slope soil, along with drainage ditches at the bottom of the slope and overflow pipes within the slope surface protective layer, forms a comprehensive drainage system. The integrated drainage system features a dual drainage design. It rapidly drains groundwater accumulated at the bottom of the slope through a drainage cushion layer and base drainage pipes, reducing its softening effect on expansive soil. Simultaneously, the back drainage layer guides water accumulated inside the slope, draining excess water generated by the expansion of expansive soil due to water absorption. This absorbs the deformation energy of the soil while limiting its maximum deformation. In addition, the slope top waterproof layer blocks rainwater infiltration from the slope top, and the slope surface protection layer is fixed to the geogrid by connecting steel bars to form a surface protection, reducing the scouring and infiltration of external rainwater on the slope surface. The synergistic effect of multiple structures comprehensively solves the problems of instability and excessive deformation of expansive soil slopes caused by water intrusion, ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the slope.

[0021] This invention allows water to enter the overflow pipe through the overflow hole, while a baffle plate prevents soil clods, stones, or large objects from entering the overflow hole. The overflow pipe then guides the filtered water through the slope protection layer to the outside of the slope, thus achieving the efficient drainage function of this device. It can promptly drain excess water from the slope, maintain stable slope moisture content, reduce the softening and swelling effect of water on expansive soil, and reduce the risk of drainage failure due to the accumulation of impurities.

[0022] This invention uses a metal mesh to intercept mud, gravel, and other impurities that flow into the drainage ditch with the water flow. A push plate drives a push handle to rotate, causing the tilting frame to tilt and facilitate the cleaning of the isolation cover and metal mesh. This achieves the convenient sludge removal function of the device. By intercepting mud, gravel, and other impurities that flow into the drainage channel with the water flow, it ensures smooth drainage. The intercepting components can be tilted and folded with simple operation, making it easy to quickly remove impurities from the filter screen without complicated disassembly. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall top sectional structure of this utility model; Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the geogrid provided by this utility model; Figure 4A three-dimensional structural diagram of the drainage structure provided by this utility model; Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the separation structure provided by this utility model.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Drainage cushion layer; 2. Base drainage pipe; 3. Concrete base; 4. Drainage ditch; 5. Geogrid; 6. U-shaped steel bar; 7. Connecting steel bar; 8. Slope protection layer; 9. Back drainage layer; 10. Slope top waterproof layer; 11. Backfill layer; 12. Drainage structure; 1201. Overflow pipe; 1202. Wire mesh; 1203. Mounting sleeve; 1204. Partition plate; 1205. Overflow hole; 13. Separation structure; 1301. Isolation cover; 1302. Metal mesh; 1303. Push plate; 1304. Push handle; 1305. Tilting frame; 1306. Fixing frame; 1307. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of this utility model provides a flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection, including a drainage cushion layer 1, and further comprising: The base drainage pipe 2 is inserted into the bottom end inside the drainage cushion layer 1. The top of the drainage cushion layer 1 is covered with a concrete base 3, and a drainage ditch 4 is fixed on one side of the concrete base 3. Separation structure 13 is set at the top of drainage ditch 4 to intercept soil entering the drainage ditch 4; The backfill soil layer 11 is set on the side away from the drainage ditch 4 at the top of the concrete base 3, and geogrids 5 are inserted inside the backfill soil layer 11, and U-shaped steel bars 6 are sleeved on the outside of the geogrids 5. The back drainage layer 9 is laid on one side of the backfill layer 11. The slope protection layer 8 is laid on the outside of the backfill layer 11. The slope protection layer 8 is fixed with connecting steel bars 7 that are fixedly connected to the geogrid 5. The top of the backfill layer 11 is covered with a slope top waterproof layer 10. Drainage structure 12 is installed inside the slope protection layer 8 to drain excess water from the backfill soil layer 11. The geogrid 5 is staggered inside the backfill layer 11, and adjacent groups of geogrid 5 are fixedly connected by U-shaped steel bars 6. The geogrid 5 is connected to the slope protection layer 8 by connecting steel bars 7.

[0027] In this embodiment of the utility model, during construction, the slope is first appropriately trimmed and over-excavated to form the slope line of the drainage layer 9 on the back of the reinforced body. A drainage cushion layer 1 and a base drainage pipe 2 are laid at the bottom of the slope. The drainage cushion layer 1 can generally be made of materials with good permeability, such as gravel or geotextile, to ensure good drainage performance. Then, the concrete base 3 is constructed. After the concrete base 3 is completed, a drainage ditch 4 is installed at the bottom of the slope. Next, non-expansion soil is filled on the upper part of the concrete base 3 to form a backfill layer 11, and the geogrid 5 is laid simultaneously. The geogrid 5 should be set according to the design number of layers and spacing. The geogrid 5 is fixed by U-shaped steel bars 6 to form an integral reinforced body. The reinforcement is constructed layer by layer from bottom to top. The geogrid 5 and the back drainage layer 9 are constructed together. The back drainage layer 9 can be made of materials with good permeability and certain strength, such as crushed stone drainage layer. It is laid between the back of the concrete base 3 and the slope soil, ensuring that it is effectively connected with the drainage cushion layer 1 and the slope drainage system such as intercepting ditches and drainage side ditches 4 to form a complete drainage system so as to drain the groundwater inside the slope in time. When the reinforced body composed of geogrid 5 is constructed to the top of the slope, a slope top water-proof layer 10 is set. After the slope top water-proof layer 10 is completed, the slope surface protection layer 8 is constructed. The slope surface protection layer 8 is laid on the slope surface, and the geogrid 5 and the slope surface protection layer 8 are connected and fixed by connecting steel bars 7 to isolate rainwater. After the construction is completed, the entire support system needs to be tested and monitored. This includes checking the connection strength of the geogrid 5, the unobstructed flow of the drainage system including the drainage cushion 1, the base drainage pipe 2, the back drainage layer 9, the drainage ditch 4, and the drainage structure 12, the seepage prevention performance of the slope surface protective layer 8, and the stability of the concrete base 3. This ensures the support structure functions properly, guaranteeing the long-term stability and safety of the expansive soil slope. During use, the drainage cushion 1, through its permeability, continuously drains groundwater from the bottom of the slope. The base drainage pipe 2 simultaneously assists in drainage, directing the collected groundwater out of the slope, thereby reducing the accumulation of groundwater at the bottom of the slope and mitigating its softening effect on the expansive soil to some extent. Meanwhile, the concrete base 3... The backfill layer 11 forms a stable retaining structure by utilizing its own strength to resist the lateral pressure of the slope soil, providing basic support for the entire support structure. Next, the backfill layer 11 contains staggered geogrids 5, which are fixedly connected by U-shaped steel bars 6 to form a mesh reinforcement system, enhancing the overall shear strength of the backfill layer 11 and making the slope soil less prone to stratification and sliding. The back drainage layer 9 continuously guides groundwater from within the slope, connecting it with the drainage cushion layer 1 and the slope drainage system to form a complete drainage path. This promptly removes excess water generated during the deformation of the expansive soil, thus dissipating energy and limiting its maximum deformation. The slope top waterproof layer 10 blocks rainwater infiltration from the slope top, preventing rainwater from directly penetrating the expansive soil.The slope protection layer 8 is fixed to the geogrid 5 by connecting steel bars 7, forming a surface protection layer that isolates the slope surface from external rainwater erosion.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the drainage structure 12 includes an overflow pipe 1201 fixed inside one side of the slope protection layer 8. An installation sleeve 1203 is threaded to one side of the overflow pipe 1201. A wire mesh 1202 is fixed inside the installation sleeve 1203. Overflow holes 1205 are opened on the outer side wall of the overflow pipe 1201. A partition 1204 is fixed on the outer side of the overflow pipe 1201. The overflow pipe 1201 penetrates the slope protection layer 8 and extends into the backfill soil layer 11. The overflow pipes 1201 are arranged at equal intervals inside the backfill soil layer 11. Several sets of overflow holes 1205 are provided on the outer side of the overflow pipe 1201, and the several sets of overflow holes 1205 are distributed at equal intervals on the outer side of the overflow pipe 1201.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, when excess water is generated inside the backfill layer 11 due to rainwater infiltration or rising groundwater, this water is quickly collected by several sets of overflow holes 1205 on the outside of the overflow pipe 1201. The water then enters the overflow pipe 1201 through the overflow holes 1205. Simultaneously, the baffle 1204 on the outside of the overflow pipe 1201 prevents soil clods, stones, or large materials from entering the overflow holes 1205, thus avoiding blockage. Then, the overflow pipe 120... 1. The filtered water is discharged to the outside of the slope through the slope protection layer 8. Since the overflow pipes 1201 are arranged at equal intervals inside the backfill layer 11, they can achieve uniform discharge of water in each area of ​​the backfill layer 11, which can maintain the stability of the moisture content of the backfill layer 11 to a certain extent, avoid excessive expansion of the expansive soil due to excessive local moisture, thereby further enhancing the stability of the slope soil and ensuring the drainage efficiency of the entire support structure. The wire mesh 1202 prevents insects and foreign objects from entering the interior of the overflow pipes 1201.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the separation structure 13 includes a fixing frame 1306 fixed to one side of the top of the drainage ditch 4. A rotating shaft 1307 is rotatably connected inside the fixing frame 1306. A flipping frame 1305 is fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft 1307. An isolation cover 1301 is fixed to the bottom of the flipping frame 1305. A metal mesh 1302 is fixed inside the isolation cover 1301. A push handle 1304 is fixed at the middle section of the rotating shaft 1307. A push plate 1303 is fixed to the top of the push handle 1304. A groove matching the shape of the bottom of the isolation cover 1301 is opened at the top of the drainage ditch 4. The isolation cover 1301 forms a rotating structure through the flipping frame 1305, the rotating shaft 1307 and the fixing frame 1306.

[0031] In this embodiment of the utility model, during the operation of the drainage ditch 4, the fixed frame 1306 supports the flipping frame 1305 through the rotating shaft 1307, so that the isolation cover 1301 stably covers the top of the drainage ditch 4. The metal mesh 1302 inside the isolation cover 1301 can intercept impurities such as mud and gravel that enter the drainage ditch 4 with the water flow, preventing impurities from accumulating inside the drainage ditch 4 and causing blockage, thus ensuring smooth drainage of the drainage ditch 4. When it is necessary to clean the impurities intercepted on the metal mesh 1302, the push plate 1303 is pushed to drive the push handle 1304 to rotate. 304 drives the rotating shaft 1307 to rotate inside the fixed frame 1306. The rotating shaft 1307 simultaneously drives the flipping frame 1305 to flip, thereby causing the isolation cover 1301 to detach from the top of the drainage ditch 4. This tilts the isolation cover 1301, making it easier for workers to clean the isolation cover 1301 and the metal mesh 1302. After cleaning, pushing the push plate 1303 in the opposite direction will reset the isolation cover 1301, allowing it to continue to play its interception role. This reduces the maintenance difficulty of the drainage ditch 4 to a certain extent, ensuring that it maintains its efficient drainage capacity for a long time and providing a guarantee for the stable operation of the entire support structure.

[0032] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection, comprising a drainage cushion layer (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The base drainage pipe (2) is inserted at the bottom end inside the drainage pad (1). The top of the drainage pad (1) is covered with a concrete base (3), and a drainage ditch (4) is fixed on one side of the concrete base (3). Separation structure (13) is set at the top of drainage ditch (4) to intercept soil entering the drainage ditch (4); The backfill soil layer (11) is set on the side away from the drainage ditch (4) at the top of the concrete base (3), and geogrids (5) are inserted inside the backfill soil layer (11), and U-shaped steel bars (6) are sleeved on the outside of the geogrids (5). A back drainage layer (9) is laid on one side of the backfill layer (11). A slope protection layer (8) is laid on the outside of the backfill layer (11). A connecting steel bar (7) that is fixedly connected to the geogrid (5) is fixed inside the slope protection layer (8). A slope top waterproof layer (10) is laid at the top of the backfill layer (11). The drainage structure (12) is set inside the slope protection layer (8) to drain excess water from the backfill soil layer (11).

2. The flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geogrid (5) is staggered inside the backfill soil layer (11), and adjacent geogrids (5) are fixedly connected by U-shaped steel bars (6). The geogrid (5) is connected to the slope protection layer (8) by connecting steel bars (7).

3. A flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage structure (12) includes an overflow pipe (1201) fixed inside one side of the slope protection layer (8). An installation sleeve (1203) is threaded to one side of the overflow pipe (1201). A wire mesh (1202) is fixed inside the installation sleeve (1203). Overflow holes (1205) are opened on the outer side wall of the overflow pipe (1201). A partition plate (1204) is fixed on the outer side of the overflow pipe (1201).

4. A flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The overflow pipe (1201) penetrates the slope protection layer (8) and extends into the backfill layer (11), and the overflow pipe (1201) is arranged at equal intervals inside the backfill layer (11).

5. A flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The overflow holes (1205) are provided in several groups on the outside of the overflow pipe (1201), and the several groups of overflow holes (1205) are distributed at equal intervals on the outside of the overflow pipe (1201).

6. A flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation structure (13) includes a fixed frame (1306) fixed to one side of the top of the drainage ditch (4). The fixed frame (1306) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (1307). A flipping frame (1305) is fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft (1307). An isolation cover (1301) is fixed to the bottom of the flipping frame (1305). A metal mesh (1302) is fixed inside the isolation cover (1301). A push handle (1304) is fixed at the middle section of the rotating shaft (1307). A push plate (1303) is fixed to the top of the push handle (1304).

7. A flexible support structure for expansive soil slope protection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the drainage ditch (4) has a groove that matches the shape of the bottom of the isolation cover (1301). The isolation cover (1301) forms a rotating structure through the flipping frame (1305), the rotating shaft (1307) and the fixed frame (1306).

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