Crack-resistant and waterproof thermal insulation wall

Abstract

This utility model discloses a crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall, belonging to the field of building exterior wall insulation technology. This thermal insulation wall mainly addresses the technical problems of easy cracking, water seepage, detachment, and poor overall stability of existing insulation layers. The key technical points are: the insulation layer is composed of multiple insulation boards with their own inner and outer fiber meshes spliced ​​together; the edges of the fiber meshes of adjacent insulation boards are woven together to form a continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton; this skeleton is connected and fixed to the wall connection base on the base wall by tie rods, thus forming an integral reinforced structure from the inside out; an adhesive layer fixes the insulation layer to the base wall; a finishing layer completely covers the continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton and the outer surface of the insulation layer; finally, a finishing layer is applied over the finishing layer. This structure is mainly used for building exterior wall insulation, significantly improving the wall's crack resistance, seepage prevention, detachment resistance, and overall safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building exterior wall insulation technology. More specifically, this utility model relates to a crack-resistant and waterproof insulation wall. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are some unresolved issues in the structural design of building exterior wall insulation systems, which affect the long-term stability and durability of the systems.

[0003] In the structural design of insulation layers, the conventional practice is to glue independent insulation board units side by side to the base wall using adhesive mortar. This splicing method results in the insulation layer itself lacking overall structural integrity. The joints between the boards are weak points in terms of mechanics. Under the action of temperature stress, wind load, or structural deformation, stress easily concentrates at these points, leading to structural cracks in the finishing layer. These cracks not only damage the appearance but also become pathways for moisture and humidity to penetrate.

[0004] Regarding the connection between the insulation layer and the main structure, existing technologies primarily rely on the adhesion of bonding materials and dispersed mechanical anchors. Aging of the bonding materials and uneven construction quality can weaken the bonding effect. Furthermore, the installation of mechanical anchors requires penetration of the insulation layer, with anchor points concentrated in the center of the insulation board, offering limited effectiveness in suppressing warping at the board edges. The extensive use of metal anchors can also create thermal bridges, reducing the overall insulation efficiency of the wall and potentially generating additional internal stress at the contact points due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the metal anchors and the insulation material.

[0005] At the interface between the protective surface layer and the insulation layer, the connection between the two mainly relies on the adhesive force of the mortar. This is a relatively planar bonding method, primarily based on chemical adhesion. The physical interlocking between the plaster layer and the insulation board is weak, and the interface has limited shear resistance. Under the repeated action of external environmental temperature cycles or wind pressure, shear stress is easily generated at the interface, which may lead to interlayer delamination, and subsequently cause hollowing and cracking of the plaster layer. Once the surface layer is damaged, moisture can easily penetrate and accumulate inside the system, accelerating the destruction of the entire system under freeze-thaw conditions.

[0006] These structural issues limit the safety and service life of external wall insulation systems in complex operating environments. Utility Model Content

[0007] One object of this invention is to solve at least the problems described above and to provide at least the advantages that will be explained later.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall, mainly used for building exterior wall insulation, which can significantly improve the wall's crack resistance, seepage prevention, anti-detachment performance, and overall safety.

[0009] In order to achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall is provided, comprising a base wall, an adhesive layer, an insulation layer, a plastering layer, and a finishing layer; The insulation layer is composed of multiple insulation boards spliced ​​together. Each insulation board contains an insulation core material. The inner side of the insulation core material is composited with an inner fiber mesh, and the outer side is composited with an outer fiber mesh. The inner and outer fiber meshes have exposed portions around the edges of the insulation core material. The exposed portions of the inner and outer fiber meshes of adjacent insulation boards are connected by weaving to form a continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton. The adhesive layer is located between the base wall and the insulation layer, and the insulation layer is fixed to the base wall by the adhesive layer; Multiple sets of wall connection bases are provided on the base wall; the continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton is connected and fixed to the wall connection bases by tie rods; The finishing layer completely covers the outer surface of the continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton and the insulation layer, and the finishing layer covers the outer surface of the finishing layer.

[0010] Preferably, each set of wall connection bases includes an anchor and a connecting ring, wherein the anchor is embedded in the base wall and the connecting ring is fixedly disposed at the outer end of the anchor; The location of each wall connection base corresponds to the cross joint formed by splicing four insulation boards; The tie element is a metal wire, which passes sequentially through the fiber-reinforced skeleton connection node located at the cross joint and the connection ring of the wall connection base at the corresponding position to form a closed-loop binding connection structure. The fiber-reinforced skeleton connection node is formed by weaving the inner and outer fiber meshes of four adjacent insulation boards together at the seam.

[0011] Preferably, the inner and outer fiber meshes are pressed into the corresponding side surfaces with a predetermined pressure during the molding process of the insulation core material. The foaming material of the insulation core material completely fills the mesh openings of the inner and outer fiber meshes, forming a mechanically interlocking structure. The inner and outer fiber meshes extend to the periphery of the insulation core material to form exposed portions with a length of 80-120mm, which are used for weaving and connecting with the fiber meshes of adjacent insulation boards.

[0012] Preferably, the basis weight of the inner and outer fiber meshes is 150-180 g / m². 2 The center-to-center distance of the mesh is 4-6mm.

[0013] Preferably, both the inner and outer fiber meshes are alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabrics.

[0014] Preferably, the bonding layer is a polymer cement mortar layer, and the interface between the bonding layer and the insulation layer is a three-dimensional interlocking structure with varying heights. The three-dimensional interlocking structure is formed by the interlocking of the foamed material protrusions filled in the mesh of the inner fiber grid and the grooves filled in the polymer cement mortar. The interface between the bonding layer and the base wall has strip-shaped and dot-shaped cavities.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 4-6 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the finishing layer is a polymer cement mortar layer, and the interface between it and the insulation layer is a three-dimensional interlocking structure with varying heights. The three-dimensional interlocking structure is formed by the interlocking of the foamed material protrusions filled in the mesh of the outer fiber mesh and the grooves filled in the polymer cement mortar. The finishing layer forms a sealed, impermeable protective surface with a thickness of 5-7 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the finishing layer consists of a flexible water-resistant putty layer and an elastic exterior wall coating layer. The flexible water-resistant putty layer has a thickness of 1-2 mm and covers the outer surface of the finishing layer. The elastic exterior wall coating layer has a dry film thickness of 80-120 μm and covers the outer surface of the flexible water-resistant putty layer.

[0018] This utility model offers at least the following advantages: The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall of this utility model is constructed by splicing together multiple insulation boards with their own inner and outer fiber meshes, and weaving the fiber meshes of adjacent boards together to form a continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton that runs through the insulation layer, greatly improving the integrity and crack resistance of the insulation layer. This skeleton is further connected in a closed loop to the connecting base on the base wall at the cross joint of the insulation board through tie rods, achieving flexible and reliable mechanical anchoring, effectively preventing the overall detachment of the insulation layer and reducing the thermal bridging effect. Regarding interface bonding, the fiber mesh is pressed into the core material during the insulation board production process, and the foam material fills its mesh openings to form a mechanical interlocking structure. This significantly enhances the internal strength of the insulation board itself and the foundation for bonding with the subsequent mortar layer. The use of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh with specific weight and mesh size ensures excellent tensile strength while also guaranteeing optimal bonding with cement-based mortar and long-term durability. The bonding layer and plaster layer, along with the insulation layer, form a three-dimensional interlocking structure with the mortar through the foamed material protrusions at the fiber mesh, greatly increasing the interfacial bonding strength and shear resistance, thus suppressing hollowing and cracking. The cavities distributed at the interface between the bonding layer and the wall help buffer and release stress. Finally, the polymer mortar plaster layer of a specific thickness combines with the finishing layer composed of flexible putty and elastic coating to form a closed, waterproof protective system with gradually varying strength from the inside out, combining rigidity and flexibility, comprehensively solving the problems of cracking, leakage, and detachment in external wall insulation systems.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of one of the technical solutions of the present utility model for a crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulation layer in one of the technical solutions of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulation board described in one of the technical solutions of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0022] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0023] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this utility model provides a crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall, including a base wall 100, an adhesive layer 200, a thermal insulation layer 300, a plastering layer 400, and a finishing layer 500. The insulation layer 300 is composed of multiple insulation boards 301 spliced ​​together. Each insulation board 301 includes an insulation core material 302. The inner side of the insulation core material 302 is composite with an inner fiber mesh 303, and the outer side is composite with an outer fiber mesh 304. The inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 have exposed portions around the edges of the insulation core material 302. The exposed portions of the inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 of adjacent insulation boards 301 are connected by weaving to form a continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton. The adhesive layer 200 is located between the base wall 100 and the insulation layer 300, and the insulation layer 300 is fixed to the base wall 100 by the adhesive layer 200; Multiple sets of wall connection bases 101 are provided on the base wall 100; the continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton is connected and fixed to the wall connection bases 101 by tie members 102; The finishing layer 400 completely wraps the outer surface of the continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton and the insulation layer 300, and the finishing layer 500 covers the outer surface of the finishing layer 400.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the base wall 100 of the crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall can be a load-bearing or enclosure structure made of concrete or masonry. The insulation layer 300 is laid by splicing multiple rectangular insulation boards 301. The insulation core material 302 of each insulation board 301 can be common insulation materials such as molded polystyrene foam board, extruded polystyrene foam board, or rigid polyurethane foam board. During the production process of the insulation board 301, fiber mesh cloth is laminated on its inner and outer sides, and the mesh cloth has an exposed portion of 80 mm to 120 mm at the four edges of the insulation core material 302. When adjacent insulation boards 301 are constructed, the exposed portions of their inner and outer fiber mesh cloths are woven together to form a continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton.

[0025] The wall connection base 101 consists of an anchor 110 and a connecting ring 111. The anchor 110 can be an expansion bolt or a chemical anchor, and its depth embedded in the base wall 100 is not less than 50 mm. The connecting ring 111 can be a stainless steel ring or a D-ring, and is fixedly installed at the outer end of the anchor 110. The installation position of each set of connection bases corresponds to the center point of the cross joint formed by splicing four insulation boards 301. The tie rod 102 can be a galvanized steel wire or polymer fiber rope with a diameter of 1.2 mm to 2.0 mm. During construction, it is passed sequentially through the fiber mesh connection node formed by the cross joint and the connecting ring 111, and finally twisted and fixed to form a closed-loop binding structure.

[0026] The bonding layer 200 uses polymer cement mortar, with a thickness controlled between 4 mm and 6 mm. It is applied to the surface of the base wall 100 using either strip bonding or dot-frame bonding methods, forming strip-shaped and dot-shaped cavity distributions. The finishing layer 400 also uses polymer cement mortar, with a thickness of 5 mm to 7 mm, completely covering the insulation layer 300 and the fiber-reinforced skeleton. The finishing layer 500 consists of a flexible, water-resistant putty layer with a thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm and an elastic exterior wall coating layer with a dry film thickness of 80 microns to 120 microns.

[0027] This crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall enhances its overall performance through various structural designs. The fiber mesh on the inner and outer sides of the insulation board 301 has exposed portions at its edges, forming a continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton through weaving. This structure significantly improves the integrity of the insulation layer 300, effectively dispersing temperature stress and stress generated by structural deformation, reducing the likelihood of cracks. The fiber mesh and the insulation core material 302 are mechanically interlocked, with the foam material completely filling the mesh openings, enhancing the interfacial bonding strength and preventing interlayer delamination. The wall connection base 101 is located at the cross joint of the insulation board 301, forming a closed-loop binding connection with the fiber-reinforced skeleton through tie rods 102. This connection method provides reliable mechanical anchoring, enhancing the connection safety between the insulation system and the base wall 100, while reducing the thermal bridging effect caused by traditional mechanical anchoring. The connection base is positioned to correspond to stress concentration areas, effectively restraining the displacement and deformation of the insulation board 301. The bonding layer 200 and the finishing layer 400 use polymer cement mortar, forming a three-dimensional interlocking structure with the insulation layer 300. This structure increases the interfacial bonding area, improving shear resistance and bond strength. The cavities distributed at the interface between the bonding layer 200 and the base wall 100 help buffer and release stress. The finishing layer 400 completely wraps the insulation layer 300 and the fiber-reinforced skeleton, forming a continuous and sealed protective layer, improving the system's impermeability. The finishing layer 500 uses flexible water-resistant putty and elastic exterior wall coating, which can adapt to minor deformations of the underlying layer, further enhancing the system's waterproofness and durability. The materials in each layer form a rigid-flexible structure, collectively improving the overall performance and service life of the insulation wall.

[0028] In another technical solution, each set of wall connection bases 101 includes an anchor 110 and a connecting ring 111. The anchor 110 is embedded in the base wall 100, and the connecting ring 111 is fixedly disposed at the outer end of the anchor 110. The location of each wall connection base 101 corresponds to the cross joint formed by splicing four insulation boards 301. The tie member 102 is a metal wire, which passes sequentially through the fiber-reinforced skeleton connection node located at the cross joint and the connecting ring 111 of the wall connection base 101 at the corresponding position to form a closed-loop binding connection structure. The fiber-reinforced skeleton connection node is formed by weaving and connecting the inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 of four adjacent insulation boards 301 at the seam.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the wall connection base 101 consists of an anchor 110 and a connecting ring 111. The anchor 110 can be an expansion bolt or a chemical anchor, and its depth embedded in the base wall 100 is not less than 50 mm. The connecting ring 111 can be a stainless steel ring or a D-shaped ring with an inner diameter between 10 mm and 15 mm, and is fixed to the outer end of the anchor 110 by welding or threaded connection. The installation position of these connection bases needs to precisely correspond to the center point of the cross joint formed by splicing four insulation boards 301. During construction, it is necessary to measure and mark the lines first to determine the joint position before installing the anchor 110.

[0030] The tie element 102 can be made of galvanized steel wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm to 2.0 mm and a tensile strength of not less than 400 MPa. During construction, firstly, the exposed portions of the inner and outer fiber mesh 304 of four adjacent insulation boards 301 are woven together to form a stable mesh connection node. Then, a special threading tool is used to sequentially pass the metal wire through the woven node and the connecting ring 111, and finally, it is twisted and fixed to form a closed-loop binding structure. The number of turns of the metal wire can be controlled to 2 to 3 to ensure a firm connection.

[0031] The fiber-reinforced skeleton connection node is formed by cross-weaving the inner and outer fiber meshes 304 of four adjacent insulation boards 301 at the joint. Plain or twill weave can be used, with the exposed length of each mesh maintained between 80 mm and 120 mm. A special hook tool can be used during construction to interweave the warp and weft threads of adjacent meshes, forming an integral connection node. The tensile strength of this node is no less than 1.5 times the tensile strength of a single insulation board 301 fiber mesh.

[0032] This technical solution precisely positions the connecting base at the cross-shaped joint of the four insulation boards 301, ensuring that the mechanical anchoring point coincides with the stress concentration area of ​​the insulation layer 300. This effectively constrains the displacement and deformation of the insulation board 301 in all directions. The connecting ring 111 and the fiber-reinforced skeleton node are connected in a closed loop by metal wire. This connection method ensures anchoring reliability while possessing a certain degree of flexibility, absorbing and dispersing the energy generated by temperature stress and structural deformation, reducing damage to the insulation layer 300. Using metal wire as the tie element 102 for closed-loop binding is simple and easy to implement, requiring no special tools or equipment, and helps ensure consistent construction quality. The metal wire can pass through the gaps in the fiber mesh weave node and the connecting ring 111, forming multi-point constraints and improving the integrity and reliability of the connection. This connection method reduces the penetration damage to the insulation layer 300 caused by traditional mechanical anchoring and reduces the generation of thermal bridge effects. At the joints, the fiber mesh is woven together to form reinforcing nodes, which work together with the tie element 102 to transfer local stress to a larger area, avoiding stress concentration. This structure makes the fiber-reinforced skeleton of the insulation layer 300 an organic whole connection system with the base wall 100, improving the safety and durability of the insulation system. The entire connection system is concealed inside the insulation layer 300 and does not affect the overall aesthetics of the exterior wall.

[0033] In another technical solution, the inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 are pressed into the corresponding side surfaces with a predetermined pressure during the molding process of the insulation core material 302. The foaming material of the insulation core material 302 completely fills the mesh of the inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 to form a mechanical interlocking structure. The inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 extend around the perimeter of the insulation core material 302 to form exposed portions with a length of 80-120mm, which are used to weave and connect with the fiber mesh of the adjacent insulation board 301.

[0034] In the above technical solution, during the production process of insulation board 301, the inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 can be selected with a basis weight of 150-180g / m². 2 The alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh has a mesh center-to-center distance of 4-6 mm. During production, the fiber mesh is laid on the bottom and top of the molding die for the insulation core material 302. The mesh is then pressed into the partially foamed insulation material using air pressure or a mechanical device at a pressure of 0.2-0.5 MPa. The insulation core material 302 can be made of polystyrene or polyurethane foam. During the foaming process, the material completely fills the mesh openings, forming a strong, mechanically interlocking structure.

[0035] The fiber mesh extends outwards from the perimeter of the insulation core material 302, with the exposed length controllable to specific dimensions such as 80mm, 100mm, or 120mm. The exposed mesh fabric must be kept clean and flat to prevent contamination or damage, ensuring smooth weaving and connection during subsequent construction. The exposed mesh fabric can be designed with clearly defined warp and weft threads and distinct mesh openings, facilitating interweaving and connection with the fiber mesh of adjacent insulation boards 301.

[0036] After the insulation board 301 is formed, quality inspection is required to ensure that the fiber mesh and the insulation core material 302 are firmly bonded and free from delamination. During inspection, a tensile tester can be used to perform a pull-out test on the mesh fabric; the pull-out strength should not be less than 0.1 MPa. Simultaneously, check whether the exposed mesh fabric length meets the requirements and whether the mesh fabric maintains a complete mesh structure. During production, the foaming temperature can be controlled between 20-30℃, and the foaming time is adjusted according to the board thickness, typically 2-4 hours.

[0037] This structure, by pressing a fiber mesh into the insulation core material 302 during the foaming process, allows the foamed material to fully penetrate and fill the mesh pores, forming a mechanically interlocked composite structure. This construction significantly enhances the interfacial bonding strength between the fiber mesh and the insulation core material 302, effectively preventing interlayer separation caused by temperature changes or external forces during use. The fiber mesh and insulation material are bonded through physical anchoring, resulting in a stronger bond than traditional adhesive methods, thus improving the integrity and durability of the insulation board 301. The exposed fiber mesh around the perimeter of the insulation board 301 provides reliable connections between adjacent insulation boards 301. During construction, these exposed meshes can be interconnected through weaving to form a continuous reinforcing skeleton network. This connection method transforms the originally independent insulation board 301 units into a well-integrated insulation layer 300, enabling better coordination of deformation and shared bearing of external loads. The formation of the continuous reinforcing skeleton effectively improves the crack resistance of the insulation layer 300, reducing cracks caused by temperature stress. By controlling the foaming process parameters and pressure conditions, the bonding quality between the fiber mesh and the insulation material can be ensured. Applying a pressure of 0.2-0.5 MPa to the mesh during production ensures the depth of embedding of the mesh into the insulation material without damaging its structural integrity. The mechanical interlocking structure formed after the foamed material completely fills the mesh openings increases the interfacial bonding area, improving tensile strength and shear resistance. This structure also enhances the adhesion between the 301 insulation board and the mortar layer, ensuring the quality of subsequent construction.

[0038] In another technical solution, the basis weight of the inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 is 150-180 g / m². 2 The center-to-center distance of the mesh is 4-6mm.

[0039] In the above technical solution, the parameter range of the fiber mesh is set based on the production process requirements of insulation board 301 and the needs of subsequent construction. If the basis weight is too small, the mesh strength may be insufficient, while if the basis weight is too large, it will affect the filling effect of the foam material on the mesh. If the mesh size is too small, it will hinder the flow of the foam material, while if the mesh size is too large, it will affect the mechanical interlocking effect with the mortar.

[0040] During production, conventional weaving equipment can be used to produce fiber mesh fabric that meets the requirements, and quality inspection can be carried out using a weight meter and a mesh size measuring instrument. The mesh fabric can be installed on the unwinding device of the insulation board 301 production line and fed into the forming mold through guide rollers. During production, the ambient temperature needs to be controlled between 20-30 degrees Celsius, and the relative humidity needs to not exceed 65% to ensure the stability of the mesh fabric's performance.

[0041] This specification of fiber mesh fabric possesses appropriate strength and flexibility, enabling it to withstand a certain tensile force without deformation during the production of insulation board 301. The mesh size is matched to the flowability of the foam material, facilitating the full filling of the mesh pores and the formation of mechanical interlocking. A suitable basis weight ensures that the mesh fabric has sufficient tensile strength without unduly affecting the thermal insulation performance of insulation board 301. These parameters work together to allow the fiber mesh fabric to fully exert its reinforcing effect, improving the overall performance and service life of insulation board 301.

[0042] In another technical solution, both the inner fiber mesh 303 and the outer fiber mesh 304 are alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabrics.

[0043] In the above technical solution, the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh can be woven from alkali-resistant glass fiber yarn with a zirconium oxide content between 14.5% and 16.5%. This mesh can be woven using a plain weave with a warp and weft density of 4 to 6 holes / cm, and the yarn fineness can be selected from 1200 tex to 2400 tex. The coating adhesive for the mesh can be an acrylic copolymer emulsion or a styrene-acrylic emulsion, and the coating amount can be controlled at 8 g / m². 2 Up to 15g / m 2 This is to ensure that the mesh fabric maintains stable performance in an alkaline environment.

[0044] During production, rapier looms or projectile looms can be used to weave the mesh fabric, and an alkali-resistant coating treatment is applied using an impregnation tank. The woven mesh fabric needs to undergo a high-temperature setting treatment, with the setting temperature controlled between 180°C and 220°C, and the time controlled between 90 and 120 seconds. After production, the mesh fabric can be wound onto paper rolls, with each roll being 50 meters or 100 meters long. The width can be customized according to the dimensions of the 301 insulation board, with common widths being 1 meter or 1.2 meters.

[0045] This alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh exhibits excellent resistance to alkali corrosion, enabling it to withstand the alkaline environment of cement-based materials. The mesh demonstrates good compatibility with polymer mortar, facilitating the formation of a strong interfacial bond. The alkali-resistant treated fiberglass mesh maintains stable performance over long-term use, providing sustained reinforcement to the insulation system. The mechanical properties of the mesh meet the requirements for external wall insulation systems, effectively improving the crack resistance and durability of the insulation system.

[0046] In another technical solution, the adhesive layer 200 is a polymer cement mortar layer, and its interface with the insulation layer 300 is a three-dimensional interlocking structure with varying heights. The three-dimensional interlocking structure is formed by the interlocking of the foam material protrusions filled in the mesh of the inner fiber mesh 303 and the grooves filled in by the polymer cement mortar. The interface between the adhesive layer 200 and the base wall 100 has strip-shaped and dot-shaped cavities.

[0047] In the above technical solution, the bonding layer 200 uses polymer cement mortar, and its mix ratio can be selected as cement to sand ratio of 1:2 to 1:3. The amount of polymer emulsion can be 10% to 15% of the cement weight. The consistency of the mortar can be controlled between 70mm and 90mm to meet the construction requirements. During construction, a notched trowel can be used to apply the mortar to the base wall 100. The notch depth can be selected as 6mm to 8mm, and the notch spacing can be selected as 10mm to 15mm, forming strip-shaped mortar bands and dot-shaped cavities.

[0048] The interface between the polymer cement mortar and the insulation layer 300 exhibits a three-dimensional, undulating structure. This structure originates from the protrusions formed by the foamed material filling the mesh openings of the fiber grid 303 on the inner side of the insulation board 301. The height of these protrusions can be controlled between 1mm and 2mm. When the mortar is compacted onto the surface of the insulation board 301, it flows into the gaps between the protrusions, forming interlocking grooves that create a mechanical interlocking effect. During construction, it is necessary to control the degree of mortar compaction to ensure that it fully fills the uneven surface without excessive compression that would reduce the cavities.

[0049] The bonding interface between the adhesive layer 200 and the base wall 100 has a regularly distributed cavity structure. These cavities can be formed by strip bonding or dot-frame bonding, and the cavity area accounts for approximately 40% to 60% of the total bonding interface area. The depth of the cavity is consistent with the mortar application thickness and can be controlled between 4mm and 6mm. The presence of the cavities helps improve stress distribution, reduces stress concentration caused by temperature changes, and provides a channel for the expulsion of any moisture that may be generated.

[0050] This structural design improves the mechanical bonding strength between the adhesive layer 200 and the insulation layer 300, enhancing the interface's shear resistance. The three-dimensional interlocking structure increases the effective bonding area and improves stress transfer efficiency. The cavity distribution helps regulate the system's moisture balance, reducing the risk of freeze-thaw damage. Overall, it improves the reliability and durability of the connection between the insulation system and the base wall 100, providing a more stable base connection for external wall insulation.

[0051] In another technical solution, the thickness of the adhesive layer 200 is 4-6 mm.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the thickness range of the adhesive layer 200 is achieved by using a notched trowel. A trowel with a notch depth of 6mm can be selected, and it should be applied at an angle of approximately 60 degrees to the wall surface. During construction, either the strip bonding method or the dot-frame method can be used. For the strip bonding method, the width of the mortar strip can be set to 50mm to 60mm, and the spacing can be controlled between 150mm and 200mm. For the dot-frame method, a mortar strip with a width of 50mm can be set around the perimeter of the board, and several mortar dots with a diameter of 100mm can be set in the middle of the board.

[0053] The raw material for polymer cement mortar can be ordinary Portland cement of grade 42.5. The particle size of medium sand can be controlled between 0.35mm and 0.5mm. The polymer emulsion can be acrylic or ethylene-vinyl acetate emulsion. The water-cement ratio of the mortar can be controlled between 0.20 and 0.24, and the mixing time should not be less than 3 minutes to ensure the uniformity of the mortar. The ambient temperature during construction can be controlled between 5℃ and 35℃, and the surface temperature of the base wall should not be lower than 5℃.

[0054] Thickness control can be achieved by applying mortar to the back of the 301 insulation board, installing it immediately, and gently pressing it. Use a 2-meter straightedge to check the flatness; the deviation should not exceed 3mm. Avoid external impacts for 24 hours after construction. During curing, the relative humidity should be maintained above 50%. During acceptance, a thickness gauge can be used for random checks, with at least one point tested for every 10 square meters; the thickness deviation should not exceed ±1mm.

[0055] This thickness range ensures sufficient bonding area and strength, allowing the adhesive layer 200 to possess both good load-bearing capacity and appropriate economy. A thickness of 4mm to 6mm facilitates the full formation of a three-dimensional interlocking structure between the mortar and the surface of the insulation board 301, ensuring a good mechanical bonding effect. This thickness range also adapts well to the unevenness of the base wall 100 while maintaining good workability. Appropriate thickness also helps control the shrinkage stress of the mortar, reducing the risk of hollow areas and cracking.

[0056] In another technical solution, the finishing layer 400 is a polymer cement mortar layer, and its interface with the insulation layer 300 is a three-dimensional interlocking structure with high and low undulations. The three-dimensional interlocking structure is formed by the interlocking of the foam material protrusions filled in the mesh of the outer fiber mesh 304 and the grooves filled in the polymer cement mortar. The finishing layer 400 forms a sealed anti-seepage protective surface with a thickness of 5-7mm.

[0057] In the above technical solution, the finishing layer 400 uses polymer cement mortar, and its mixing ratio can be selected as cement to sand ratio of 1:2.5 to 1:3.5. The amount of polymer emulsion can be 12% to 18% of the cement weight. The consistency of the mortar can be controlled between 80mm and 100mm to meet the requirements of finishing construction. Construction can be carried out in two layers. The thickness of the first layer is controlled between 2mm and 3mm. The mortar is evenly pressed into the surface of the insulation board 301. The second layer is then applied to the specified thickness. The total thickness can be controlled to specific dimensions such as 5mm, 6mm, or 7mm.

[0058] The interface between the finishing layer 400 and the insulation layer 300 forms a three-dimensional interlocking structure. This structure originates from the protrusions formed by the foamed material filling the mesh openings of the fiber mesh 304 on the outer side of the insulation board 301, with a protrusion height of approximately 1mm to 2mm. During the application of the finishing mortar, the mortar flows into the gaps between these protrusions under the pressure of the trowel, forming an interlocking groove structure. During construction, it is necessary to control the pressure and number of troweling strokes to ensure that the mortar fully fills the uneven surface without causing displacement or damage to the fiber mesh due to excessive pressure.

[0059] After the 400mm topcoat is applied, a continuous and sealed impermeable protective surface is formed. During application, a stainless steel trowel can be used for finishing to achieve a smooth and dense surface. During curing, the surface should be kept moist, with the ambient temperature ideally between 5℃ and 35℃ and the relative humidity not lower than 50%. During acceptance, a thickness gauge can be used for random checks, with at least one point tested for every 10 square meters. The thickness deviation should not exceed ±1mm, and the surface flatness deviation should not exceed 3mm.

[0060] The 400mm thick topcoat provides sufficient impact resistance and impermeability while maintaining good flexibility. A thickness of 5mm to 7mm facilitates the formation of a three-dimensional interlocking structure between the mortar and the 301 insulation board surface, ensuring a mechanical bonding effect. This thickness range ensures both the durability of the protective layer and controls material usage and economy. The sealed impermeable protective surface effectively prevents moisture intrusion, improving the durability and performance of the insulation system. Appropriate thickness also helps distribute stress, reducing the risk of surface cracking.

[0061] In another technical solution, the finishing layer 500 is composed of a flexible water-resistant putty layer and an elastic exterior wall coating layer. The thickness of the flexible water-resistant putty layer is 1-2 mm, which covers the outer surface of the finishing layer 400. The dry film thickness of the elastic exterior wall coating layer is 80-120 μm, which covers the outer surface of the flexible water-resistant putty layer.

[0062] In the above technical solution, the finishing layer 500 can be made of flexible water-resistant putty conforming to JG / T 157 standard, and its thickness can be controlled to specific dimensions such as 1.0mm, 1.5mm, or 2.0mm. The putty layer can be applied in two coats. The first coat is approximately 0.8mm to 1.0mm thick, mainly for leveling, and the second coat is approximately 0.5mm to 1.0mm thick to ensure the final thickness meets the requirements. After the putty dries, it can be sanded with 240-320 grit sandpaper to ensure that the surface smoothness deviation does not exceed 2mm.

[0063] Elastic exterior wall coatings can be selected that conform to the GB / T 9755 standard, with dry film thickness controllable at 80μm, 100μm, or 120μm. Application is typically done by roller or spray, usually in two coats. The first coat uses approximately 0.3kg / m² of coating. 2 Up to 0.4 kg / m 2 The second application dosage is approximately 0.2 kg / m³. 2 Up to 0.3kg / m 2 The ambient temperature during construction should be kept above 5℃ and the relative humidity should not exceed 85%. Construction should be avoided in windy, rainy, or snowy weather.

[0064] In terms of quality control, the putty layer should be free of cracking and peeling after drying, and its adhesion strength to the 400mm plaster layer should be no less than 0.4MPa. After the paint layer is applied, it should have a uniform color and be free of defects such as sagging or missed areas. During acceptance, a thickness gauge can be used to check the coating thickness, with at least 5 points checked per 100 square meters; the thickness deviation should not exceed ±10μm. The entire finishing system should be able to accommodate crack width variations of less than 3mm in the substrate.

[0065] This finishing system, through the combination of a flexible putty layer and an elastic coating layer, effectively adapts to substrate deformation and reduces surface cracking. The 1mm to 2mm putty layer thickness ensures sufficient leveling capability while maintaining appropriate flexibility. The 80μm to 120μm dry film thickness of the coating provides excellent weather resistance and waterproofing, while ensuring the coating's economic efficiency. This finishing construction enhances the overall aesthetics and durability of the exterior walls and provides effective protection for the insulation system.

[0066] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of this utility model. Applications, modifications, and variations of the crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall of this utility model will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0067] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A crack-resistant and water-proof thermal insulation wall, characterized in that, This includes the base wall, adhesive layer, insulation layer, plaster layer, and finishing layer; The insulation layer is composed of multiple insulation boards spliced ​​together. Each insulation board contains an insulation core material. The inner side of the insulation core material is composited with an inner fiber mesh, and the outer side is composited with an outer fiber mesh. The inner and outer fiber meshes have exposed portions around the edges of the insulation core material. The exposed portions of the inner and outer fiber meshes of adjacent insulation boards are connected by weaving to form a continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton. The adhesive layer is located between the base wall and the insulation layer, and the insulation layer is fixed to the base wall by the adhesive layer; Multiple sets of wall connection bases are provided on the base wall; the continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton is connected and fixed to the wall connection bases by tie rods; The finishing layer completely covers the outer surface of the continuous fiber-reinforced skeleton and the insulation layer, and the finishing layer covers the outer surface of the finishing layer.

2. The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of wall connection bases includes an anchor and a connecting ring. The anchor is embedded in the base wall and the connecting ring is fixedly set at the outer end of the anchor. The location of each wall connection base corresponds to the cross joint formed by splicing four insulation boards; The tie element is a metal wire, which passes sequentially through the fiber-reinforced skeleton connection node located at the cross joint and the connection ring of the wall connection base at the corresponding position to form a closed-loop binding connection structure. The fiber-reinforced skeleton connection node is formed by weaving the inner and outer fiber meshes of four adjacent insulation boards together at the seam.

3. The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, During the molding process of the insulation core material, the inner and outer fiber meshes are pressed into the corresponding side surfaces under a predetermined pressure. The foaming material of the insulation core material completely fills the mesh openings of the inner and outer fiber meshes, forming a mechanically interlocking structure. The inner and outer fiber meshes extend around the perimeter of the insulation core material to form exposed portions with a length of 80-120mm, which are used to weave and connect with the fiber meshes of adjacent insulation boards.

4. The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The basis weight of the inner and outer fiber meshes is 150-180 g / m². 2 The center-to-center distance of the mesh is 4-6mm.

5. The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Both the inner and outer fiber meshes are alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabrics.

6. The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The bonding layer is a polymer cement mortar layer, and its interface with the insulation layer is a three-dimensional interlocking structure with varying heights. The three-dimensional interlocking structure is formed by the interlocking of the foam material protrusions filled in the mesh of the inner fiber grid and the grooves filled in the polymer cement mortar. The interface between the bonding layer and the base wall has strip-shaped and dot-shaped cavities.

7. The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the adhesive layer is 4-6 mm.

8. The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The finishing layer is a polymer cement mortar layer, and its interface with the insulation layer is a three-dimensional interlocking structure with varying heights. The three-dimensional interlocking structure is formed by the interlocking of the foamed material protrusions filled in the mesh of the outer fiber mesh and the grooves filled in the polymer cement mortar. The finishing layer forms a sealed, impermeable protective surface with a thickness of 5-7mm.

9. The crack-resistant and seepage-proof thermal insulation wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The finishing layer consists of a flexible water-resistant putty layer and an elastic exterior wall coating layer. The flexible water-resistant putty layer has a thickness of 1-2 mm and covers the outer surface of the finishing layer. The elastic exterior wall coating layer has a dry film thickness of 80-120 μm and covers the outer surface of the flexible water-resistant putty layer.

Images