Hybrid beam and frame structure

Abstract

This application provides a hybrid main beam and frame structure. The hybrid main beam includes: a strip-shaped main body comprising a concrete section; and steel end plates disposed at at least one end of the concrete section, including steel webs and steel end plates perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the steel webs extend along the length of the concrete section and are at least partially embedded within it; the steel end plates are perpendicularly connected to the ends of the steel webs and have at least one connection hole for a connector to pass through and connect to a column. This application's embodiment uses a hybrid main beam to replace the steel main beam in related technologies. The hybrid main beam includes a main body with a concrete section and steel end plates located at both ends of the concrete section. The concrete section is cast from concrete, which reduces the amount of steel used. Furthermore, the concrete section has high durability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance, eliminating the need for additional fireproofing or waterproofing materials, thus reducing the material and construction costs associated with fireproofing or waterproofing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building technology, and more specifically, to a hybrid main beam and frame structure. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of accelerated urbanization, various types of buildings are increasing.

[0003] The frame structure includes main beams and secondary beams. Main beams are those connected to columns at both ends, while secondary beams are those connected to main beams at both ends. In related technologies, pure steel main beams are often bolted to the columns. When the load is large, this results in a high steel consumption for the main beams, leading to higher steel material costs. Furthermore, fire-retardant and waterproof materials need to be applied to the exposed surfaces of the main beams, further increasing material and construction costs, as well as subsequent maintenance costs.

[0004] In addition, the connection between the steel main beam and the column requires the use of corbels. First, bolts are used to fix the connection, then welding is performed, and then the welded parts are inspected for defects. Only after passing the inspection can the next step be carried out. This results in complicated procedures, increased material and labor consumption, low construction efficiency, and high costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application addresses the shortcomings of existing methods by proposing a hybrid main beam and frame structure to solve the technical problems of high cost of steel main beams, the need for corbels to connect steel main beams to columns, which leads to complicated procedures, increased material and labor consumption, low construction efficiency or high costs.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a hybrid main beam, comprising: The main body is strip-shaped and includes the concrete section; The steel end, located at at least one end of the concrete section, includes a steel web and a steel end plate, both perpendicular to the horizontal plane; The steel web extends along the length of the concrete section and is at least partially embedded within the concrete section; The steel end plate is perpendicularly connected to the end of the steel web plate and has at least one connection hole for the connector to pass through and connect to the column.

[0007] In some possible embodiments, the steel end also includes: At least one steel upper flange is located above the concrete section, and one end of the steel upper flange is connected to the top of the steel end plate; The lower steel flange is connected sequentially to the bottom of the concrete part, the bottom end of the steel web, and the bottom end of the steel end plate, along a direction parallel to and away from the concrete part.

[0008] In some possible embodiments, the steel upper flange member includes a first steel upper flange plate; The top of the steel web protrudes from the concrete section; the first upper steel flange is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web and has a gap between it and the top surface of the concrete section.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, the steel upper flange member includes a second steel upper flange plate; The second steel upper flange is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web and overlaps the concrete section.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, the upper surface of at least one end of the concrete portion has a recessed area; The second steel upper flange is housed within the recessed area, and its upper surface is flush with the concrete portion excluding the recessed area.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, the steel upper flange member includes: a first steel upper flange plate and a second steel upper flange plate arranged parallel to each other in a vertical direction close to the concrete part, and a connecting web plate vertically connected between the two; The second steel upper flange is vertically connected to the top of the steel web and overlaps the concrete part, located between the connecting web and the steel web.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the hybrid main beam includes at least one of the following: The orthographic projections of the connecting web and the steel web on the horizontal plane at least partially overlap; The width of the first steel upper flange is smaller than the width of the steel lower flange.

[0013] In some possible embodiments, the lower surface of at least one end of the concrete portion has a recessed area; The lower steel flange is housed within the recessed area, and its lower surface is flush with the concrete portion excluding the recessed area.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, the hybrid main beam further includes: The first reinforcing bar is placed parallel above the concrete section, with one end connected to the first upper steel flange plate at one end of the concrete section, and the other end facing the first upper steel flange plate at the other end of the concrete section.

[0015] In some possible embodiments, the portion of the first upper steel flange facing the other end of the concrete section has at least one notch; One end of each of the first reinforcing bars is embedded into the notch and connected to the upper flange of the first reinforcing bar.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, one end of the first reinforcing bar is connected to the lower and / or upper surface of the first steel upper flange plate.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, the hybrid main beam further includes: The second reinforcing bar is arranged parallel above the concrete section, with one end connected to the first upper steel flange plate at one end of the concrete section and the other end connected to the first upper steel flange plate at the other end of the concrete section.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, a closed stirrup is provided on top of the second reinforcing bar.

[0019] In some possible embodiments, the main body further includes: Multiple third reinforcing bars are inserted into the concrete section along its length. At least one third reinforcing bar's orthogonal projection onto the steel end plate falls into the connection hole.

[0020] In some possible embodiments, the main body further includes: The first stirrup is perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete section; at least a portion of the plurality of first stirrups are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the concrete section within the concrete section; The steel web is at least partially embedded in the concrete and passes through the area enclosed or partially enclosed by at least one first stirrup.

[0021] In some possible embodiments, the main body further includes: Multiple fourth reinforcing bars are inserted along the length of the concrete section into the area enclosed or partially enclosed by multiple first stirrups; At least one end of a fourth reinforcing bar is connected to the lower surface of the second upper steel flange of the steel end, and / or, at least one end of a fourth reinforcing bar is connected to the upper surface of the lower steel flange of the steel end.

[0022] In some possible embodiments, the top of the first stirrup includes a first hook portion and a second hook portion having a spacing along the horizontal direction; Both the first hook and the second hook extend out of the concrete section; The hybrid main beam also includes at least one of the following: The first reinforcing bar is placed between the first hook and the second hook. At least one first reinforcing bar is inserted into the hook of the first hook portion; At least one first reinforcing bar is inserted into the hook of the second hook portion.

[0023] In some possible embodiments, the concrete section of the main body is rectangular or I-shaped, or the concrete sections at both ends of the main body are rectangular and the middle section is I-shaped.

[0024] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a frame structure, applied to the interior of a building, including: columns, and any of the multiple hybrid main beams as provided in the first aspect above; Multiple hybrid main beams are arranged in at least two directions in the horizontal plane, with their respective steel ends connected to vertically extending columns.

[0025] In some possible embodiments, the frame structure further includes a positioning element, a portion of which is fixed to the column, and the upper surface of another portion of which is connected to the lower surface of the steel end at which the hybrid main beam connects to the column.

[0026] The beneficial technical effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: In this embodiment, a hybrid main beam is used instead of the steel main beam in related technologies. The hybrid main beam includes a main body with a concrete section and steel ends located at both ends of the concrete section. The concrete section is made of cast concrete, which can reduce the amount of steel used. Moreover, the concrete section has high durability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance, eliminating the need for additional fireproofing or waterproofing materials, thus reducing the material and construction costs for fireproofing or waterproofing.

[0027] Furthermore, the steel web at the steel end is at least partially embedded in the concrete, providing shear resistance and ensuring a reliable connection between the steel end and the concrete. Therefore, the steel end is directly connected to the column via connectors, eliminating the need for a combination of brackets, bolts, and welding. This reduces the number of parts required for connecting the composite main beam to the column, decreases construction complexity, and improves construction efficiency.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front perspective structure of the first type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of the first type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A side view of the cross-section at point AA'; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB'; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC'; Figure 7 for Figure 2Schematic diagram of the cross section at point DD'; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a front perspective view of the second type of hybrid main beam provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of one end of the second type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 A top view schematic diagram of a second type of hybrid main beam provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA'; Figure 13 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB'; Figure 14 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC'; Figure 15 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point DD'; Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 for Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC'; Figure 18 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 19 This is a front perspective view of the fourth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 20 A top view of the fourth type of hybrid main beam provided in this application embodiment; Figure 21 for Figure 19 A side view of the cross-section at point AA'; Figure 22 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB'; Figure 23 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC'; Figure 24 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point DD'; Figure 25 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fifth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 26This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fifth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 27 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sixth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the sixth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 29 This is a structural schematic diagram of the seventh type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the seventh type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 31 A top view of the seventh type of hybrid main beam provided in this application embodiment; Figure 32 This is a structural schematic diagram of the eighth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the eighth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 34 This is a structural schematic diagram of the ninth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the ninth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 36 This is a structural schematic diagram of the tenth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the tenth type of hybrid main beam provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 38a This is a schematic diagram of a second type of hybrid main beam and secondary beam connection provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 38b This is a schematic diagram of a third type of hybrid main beam and secondary beam connection provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid main beam and column connection provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 40 , Figure 42 and Figure 44 These are schematic diagrams illustrating the connections between several hybrid main beams and composite slabs provided in embodiments of this application. Figure 41 , Figure 43 and Figure 45 The following are schematic diagrams illustrating the structural connections between several hybrid main beams and floor decks provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0030] Figure label: 100-Hybrid Main Girder; 110-Main Body; 111-Concrete section; 112-Fourth reinforcing bar; 113-First stirrup; 1131-First hook portion; 1132-Second hook portion; 114 - Angle steel; 115 - Second stirrup; 116 - Closed stirrup; 120 - Steel end; 121 - Steel web plate; 122 - Steel end plate; 1220 - Connecting hole; 123 - Steel upper flange component; 1231 - First steel upper flange plate; 1232 - Second steel upper flange plate; 1233 - Connecting web plate; 124 - Lower steel flange; 125 - First reinforcing bar; 126 - Connecting rib; 127 - Second reinforcing bar; 200 - Column; 210 - Positioning component; 300 - Secondary beam; 400 - Composite slab; 500 - Floor decking. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary descriptions for explaining the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0032] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the terms "described" and "the" as used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" as used in the specification of this application means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude other features, information, data, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof supported by the art. The term "and / or" as used herein refers to at least one of the items defined by the term; for example, "A and / or B" can be implemented as "A," or as "B," or as "A and B."

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The research and development concept of this application includes a frame structure comprising main beams and secondary beams. The main beams are beams connected to columns at both ends, and the secondary beams are beams connected to the main beams at both ends. Related technologies often use pure steel structures where the main steel beams are connected to the columns using bolts or a combination of bolts and welding. When the load is large, this results in a large amount of steel used in the main steel beams, leading to higher steel material costs. Furthermore, fire-retardant and waterproof materials need to be coated on the exposed surfaces of the main steel beams, further increasing material and construction costs, as well as subsequent maintenance costs.

[0035] In addition, the connection between the steel main beam and the column requires the use of corbels, which increases the number of parts or welding work and makes construction more complicated.

[0036] Specifically, during connection, corbels need to extend from the column to clamp the upper and lower flanges and web of the steel main beam to the upper and lower flanges and web of the corbels respectively, and then fix the steel main beam to the column with a large number of bolts. Alternatively, corbels or connecting plates extend from the column, the beam web is bolted to the corbels or connecting plates, and then the upper and lower flange plates are welded to the corbels or column. Both methods require a large amount of steel, bolts, welding materials, and labor, increasing construction costs.

[0037] The hybrid main beam and frame structure provided in this application is intended to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in related technologies.

[0038] The technical solution of this application and how it solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments can be referenced, borrowed, or combined with each other, and the same terms, similar features, and similar implementation steps in different embodiments will not be described again.

[0039] This application provides a hybrid main beam 100, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown below. Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 16 or Figure 18 As shown, the hybrid main beam 100 includes a main body 110 and a steel end 120.

[0040] The main body 110 is strip-shaped and includes the concrete part 111.

[0041] The steel end plate 120 is provided at at least one end of the concrete part 111 and includes a steel web plate 121 and a steel end plate 122, both of which are perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0042] The steel web 121 extends along the length of the concrete portion 111 and is at least partially embedded in the concrete portion 111.

[0043] The steel end plate 122 is perpendicularly connected to the end of the steel web plate 121 and has at least one connection hole 1220 for the connector to pass through and connect to the column 200.

[0044] In this embodiment, a hybrid main beam 100 is used instead of the steel main beam in related technologies. The hybrid main beam 100 includes a main body 110 with a concrete section 111 and steel end sections 120 located at both ends of the concrete section 111. The concrete section 111 is made of cast concrete, which can reduce the amount of steel used. Moreover, the concrete section 111 has high durability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance, eliminating the need for additional fireproofing or waterproofing materials, thus reducing the material and construction costs for fireproofing or waterproofing.

[0045] Furthermore, the steel web 121 of the steel end 120 is at least partially embedded in the concrete part 111, providing shear resistance and ensuring a reliable connection between the steel end 120 and the concrete part 111. Therefore, the steel end 120 is directly connected to the column 200 via connectors, eliminating the need for corbel connections. This reduces the number of parts required to connect the hybrid main beam 100 and the column 200, lowering construction complexity and improving construction efficiency.

[0046] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 16 or Figure 18 As shown, the steel end 120 also includes at least one upper steel flange 123 and a lower steel flange 124.

[0047] The upper steel flange 123 is located above the concrete section 111, and one end of the upper steel flange 123 is connected to the top of the steel end plate 122.

[0048] The lower steel flange 124 is connected in sequence to the bottom of the concrete part 111, the bottom end of the steel web 121, and the bottom end of the steel end plate 122 along a direction parallel to and away from the concrete part 111.

[0049] In this embodiment, a steel upper flange 123, a steel web 121, and a steel lower flange 124 are sequentially arranged vertically between the steel end plate 122 of the steel end 120 and the concrete part 111. The steel upper flange 123, steel web 121, and steel lower flange 124 are all perpendicularly connected to the steel end 120, and the steel upper flange 123 and steel lower flange 124 are also perpendicularly connected to the steel web 121. This increases the load-bearing capacity of the steel end 120 and reduces its self-weight.

[0050] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 1-7 The upper steel flange 123 includes a first upper steel flange plate 1231.

[0051] The top of the steel web 121 protrudes from the concrete part 111; the first steel upper flange 1231 is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web 121 and has a gap between it and the top surface of the concrete part 111.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first steel upper flange plate 1231 is a plate-shaped object, which is arranged parallel to the upper surface of the concrete part 111. When the subsequent floor slab is supported and concrete is poured, the steel end 120 is simultaneously poured into the concrete, so that the first steel upper flange plate 1231 of the steel end 120 can be embedded in the concrete, thereby improving the structural stability of the integral structure formed by the steel end 120 and the concrete.

[0053] Optionally, such as Figure 5As shown, the width of the first steel upper flange plate 1231 is smaller than the width of the steel lower flange member 124.

[0054] Similarly, the width of the first upper steel flange 1231 is relatively narrow. During the later concrete pouring process, there is a large space between the two sides of the first upper steel flange 1231 and the formwork, which facilitates the concrete to fall to the bottom of the steel end 120 and cover the entire steel end 120. Moreover, the width of the first upper steel flange 1231 is relatively narrow, and its self-weight is relatively light.

[0055] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 1-7 The hybrid main beam 100 also includes: the first reinforcing bar 125.

[0056] The first reinforcing bar 125 is arranged parallel above the concrete part 111, with one end connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at one end of the concrete part 111, and the other end facing the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at the other end of the concrete part 111.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first reinforcing bar 125 is arranged parallel above the concrete part 111, with one end connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 and the other end suspended, which can provide the reinforcing bar binding position for the composite beam and slab, making it easier to form a composite beam and slab structure.

[0058] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 1-7 The portion of the first steel upper flange plate 1231 facing the other end of the concrete part 111 has at least one notch.

[0059] One end of each of the first reinforcing bars 125 is embedded into the notch and connected to the upper flange plate 1231 of the first steel bar.

[0060] In this embodiment, one end of each of the first reinforcing bars 125 is embedded in the notch, so that the first steel upper flange plate 1231 can restrict the position of the first reinforcing bars 125 in the horizontal direction. Moreover, it can increase the connection area between the first reinforcing bars 125 and the first steel upper flange plate 1231, thereby improving the connection stability between the first reinforcing bars 125 and the first steel upper flange plate 1231.

[0061] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 1-7 One end of the first reinforcing bar 125 is connected to the lower and / or upper surface of the first upper flange plate 1231.

[0062] In this embodiment of the application, when the load borne by the hybrid main beam 100 is large, a large number of first reinforcing bars 125 need to be provided in the hybrid main beam 100. One end of the first reinforcing bar 125 is connected to the lower surface and / or the upper surface of the first steel upper flange plate 1231, which can increase the connection position of the first reinforcing bar 125 on the first steel upper flange plate 1231.

[0063] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 29-37 The mixed main beam 100 also includes: the second reinforcing bar 127.

[0064] The second reinforcing bar 127 is arranged parallel above the concrete part 111, with one end connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at one end of the concrete part 111 and the other end connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at the other end of the concrete part 111.

[0065] In this embodiment of the application, a longitudinal first reinforcing bar 125 is provided on the steel end 120. At the construction site, the two first reinforcing bars 125 on the two steel ends 120 are connected by lap splicing or other means to obtain a second reinforcing bar 127. The second reinforcing bar 127 includes the first reinforcing bar 125 and the connecting reinforcing bar between the two first reinforcing bars 125.

[0066] In this embodiment, a longitudinal first reinforcing bar 125 is provided on the steel end 120 for lapping or connecting the intermediate missing reinforcing bars at the construction site. Since the first reinforcing bar 125 on the steel end 120 can bear the negative bending moment of the hybrid main beam 100 near the column 200, and there is no negative bending moment in the middle part of the hybrid main beam 100, the number of reinforcing bars lapped at the construction site may be equal to or less than the number of the first reinforcing bars 125 provided on the steel end 120. In addition, only 4 first reinforcing bars 125 are shown in the figure, and the actual number may be more than 4.

[0067] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 29-37 A closed stirrup 116 is set on the first steel bar 125.

[0068] In this embodiment, multiple closed stirrups 116 are fixed to the first reinforcing bar 125.

[0069] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 8-15 The upper steel flange 123 includes a second upper steel flange plate 1232.

[0070] The second steel upper flange plate 1232 is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web plate 121 and overlaps the concrete part 111.

[0071] In this embodiment, the second upper steel flange 1232 is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web 121 and overlaps the concrete part 111, allowing it to overlap with the subsequent floor slab and form an integral structure after concrete pouring. Moreover, the connection between the second upper steel flange 1232 and the concrete part 111 can improve the structural stability of the integral structure formed by the steel end 120 and the main body 110.

[0072] Optionally, such as Figure 9 As shown, the upper surface of the second steel upper flange plate 1232 is connected to the steel end plate 122 by angle steel, which can enhance the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the steel end plate 120.

[0073] Optionally, such as Figure 9 As shown, the lower surface of the steel lower flange 124 is connected to the steel end plate 122 by angle steel, which can enhance the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the steel end 120.

[0074] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 The upper surface of at least one end of the concrete part 111 has a recessed area.

[0075] The second steel upper flange plate 1232 is housed in the recessed area, and its upper surface is flush with the part of the concrete part 111 other than the recessed area.

[0076] In this embodiment, the second steel upper flange plate 1232 is embedded in the concrete part 111, and the surfaces at the connection between the second steel upper flange plate 1232 and the concrete part 111 are flush, making the overall shape of the main body 110 more regular, which helps to maintain the rigidity of the overall structure, reduce the problem of rigidity mismatch or imbalance caused by irregular shape, and make the appearance more neat, which helps to facilitate connection with other structures.

[0077] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 18-24 The steel upper flange member 123 includes: a first steel upper flange plate 1231 and a second steel upper flange plate 1232 arranged parallel to each other in a vertical direction close to the concrete part 111, and a connecting web plate 1233 vertically connected between the two.

[0078] The second steel upper flange plate 1232 is vertically connected to the top of the steel web plate 121 and overlaps the concrete part 111, located between the connecting web plate 1233 and the steel web plate 121.

[0079] In this embodiment, the upper steel flange 123 includes a first upper steel flange plate 1231, a connecting web plate 1233, and a second upper steel flange plate 1232 connected to each other, forming an H-shape, and connected above the steel web plate 121. The second upper steel flange plate 1232 is closer to the concrete portion 111 and connected to the steel web plate 121. During subsequent support of the floor slab and concrete pouring, the steel end 120 is simultaneously poured into the concrete, filling the area between the first and second upper steel flange plates 1231 and 1232 of the steel end 120. This results in a tighter connection between the steel end 120 and the concrete, improving the structural stability of the integrated structure formed by the steel end 120 and the concrete.

[0080] Optionally, the connecting web 1233 and the steel web 121 coincide in the vertical direction. Specifically, the connecting web 1233 and the steel web 121 are respectively connected to the upper and lower sides of the second steel upper flange 1232 and coincide in the vertical direction, so that they can share the load in the vertical direction and improve the load-bearing capacity.

[0081] Optionally, the first steel upper flange plate 1231 and the second steel upper flange plate 1232 are arranged in parallel and have a gap between each other.

[0082] Considering that during the later construction of the floor slab on the composite main beam 100, concrete may need to be poured to connect the floor slab and the composite main beam 100 as a single unit, specifically, formwork can be used to surround the steel end 120 to form a pouring space, where concrete can be poured to cover the steel end 120. Therefore, please refer to... Figure 22 In some possible embodiments, the width of the first upper steel flange 1231 is smaller than the width of the lower steel flange 124.

[0083] In this embodiment, the width of the first upper steel flange 1231 is relatively narrow. During the later concrete pouring process, there is a large space between the two sides of the first upper steel flange 1231 and the formwork, which facilitates the concrete to fall to the bottom of the steel end 120 and cover the entire steel end 120. Moreover, the width of the first upper steel flange 1231 is relatively narrow, and its self-weight is relatively light.

[0084] Optionally, the width of the second upper steel flange 1232 is smaller than the width of the lower steel flange 124.

[0085] Similarly, the second upper steel flange 1232 is relatively narrow, providing a large space between the two sides of the second upper steel flange 1232 and the formwork during the later concrete pouring process. This facilitates the concrete falling to the bottom of the steel end 120 and enclosing the entire steel end 120. Moreover, the relatively narrow width of the second upper steel flange 1232 results in a lighter weight.

[0086] It should be noted that the widths of the first upper steel flange 1231 and the second upper steel flange 1232, etc., refer to their respective dimensions in the horizontal plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the main body 110. The extending direction of the main body 110 is the length direction of the main body 110.

[0087] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figure 19 The lower surface of at least one end of the concrete part 111 has a recessed area.

[0088] The lower steel flange 124 is housed within the recessed area, and its lower surface is flush with the portion of the concrete part 111 excluding the recessed area.

[0089] In this embodiment, the lower steel flange 124 is embedded in the concrete part 111, and the surfaces of the lower steel flange 124 and the concrete part 111 are flush, making the overall shape of the main body 110 more regular, which helps to maintain the rigidity of the overall structure, reduce the problem of rigidity mismatch or imbalance caused by irregular shape, and make the appearance more neat, which helps to facilitate connection with other structures.

[0090] Optionally, the lower steel flange 124 is plate-shaped and is arranged parallel to both the first upper steel flange 1231 and the second upper steel flange 1232.

[0091] Considering that the production of the hybrid main beam 100 uses a long-line method for construction, specifically by simultaneously placing long third reinforcing bars within multiple hybrid main beams 100 and then cutting them later, in some possible embodiments, the main body 110 also includes multiple third reinforcing bars.

[0092] Multiple third reinforcing bars are inserted into the concrete section 111 along the length of the concrete section 111.

[0093] At least one third reinforcing bar has its orthographic projection on the steel end plate 122 falling into the connecting hole 1220.

[0094] In this embodiment, a pre-tensioned third reinforcing bar with a certain prestress can pass through the connection hole 1220 of the steel end 120 and is simultaneously installed within multiple hybrid main beams 100. Once the hybrid main beam 100 is fully fabricated, the pre-tensioned third reinforcing bar is relaxed and then cut. This embodiment eliminates the need for additional holes in the steel end 120 for the third reinforcing bar to pass through, allowing the hybrid main beam 100 with the steel end 120 to be constructed using existing long-line method platforms, demonstrating strong versatility and ensuring construction efficiency. Furthermore, existing construction tools are applicable, reducing construction costs.

[0095] Optionally, the third reinforcing bar may include at least one of prestressed steel bars, prestressed steel strands, or prestressed steel wires, which can enhance the crack resistance and load-bearing capacity of the hybrid main beam 100 and reduce deflection.

[0096] In related technologies, to improve the shear resistance at the ends of the main beam, methods such as increasing the density of the first stirrup, increasing the diameter of the first stirrup, or configuring bent-up bars to increase the shear reinforcement zone are often adopted. Furthermore, separate connectors are required at both ends of the secondary beam 300mm, resulting in a complex structure and high material consumption. Therefore, this application also provides the following implementation method: In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 9 or Figure 19 As shown, the main body 110 also includes a first stirrup 113.

[0097] The first stirrup 113 is perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111; at least a portion of the plurality of first stirrups 113 are arranged at intervals within the concrete part 111 along the length direction of the concrete part 111.

[0098] The steel web 121 is at least partially embedded in the concrete portion 111 and passes through the area enclosed or partially enclosed by at least one first stirrup 113.

[0099] In this embodiment, the steel web 121 is at least partially embedded in the concrete section 111 and passes through the area enclosed or partially enclosed by at least one first stirrup 113. The steel web 121 and the passing first stirrup 113 combine to form a shear-strengthening zone. There is no need to set up a separate shear-strengthening zone by increasing the density of the first stirrup 113. While providing sufficient shear resistance, it also serves to connect with other structures, simplifying the structure of the hybrid main beam 100 and improving the construction efficiency of the hybrid main beam 100.

[0100] In some possible embodiments, the main body 110 also includes a plurality of fourth reinforcing bars 112.

[0101] At least one fourth reinforcing bar 112 is inserted along the length of the concrete part 111 into the area enclosed or partially enclosed by a plurality of first stirrups 113, and has a spacing with at least one of the second upper steel flange plate 1232 and the lower steel flange member 124.

[0102] In some possible embodiments, the main body 110 also includes a plurality of fourth reinforcing bars.

[0103] Multiple fourth reinforcing bars are inserted along the length of the concrete section 111 into the area enclosed or partially enclosed by multiple first stirrups; At least one fourth reinforcing bar is connected at its end to the lower surface of the second upper flange plate 1232 of the steel end 120.

[0104] In this embodiment, the fourth reinforcing bar is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first steel upper flange plate 1231 for force transmission, and can also enhance the connection stability between the steel end 120 and the main body 110, thereby improving the overall structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the hybrid main beam 100.

[0105] In some possible embodiments, at least one end of a fourth reinforcing bar is connected to the upper surface of the lower steel flange 124 of the steel end 120.

[0106] In this embodiment, the fourth reinforcing bar is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower steel flange 124 for force transmission, and can also enhance the connection stability between the steel end 120 and the main body 110, thereby improving the overall structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the hybrid main beam 100.

[0107] Understandably, the difference between the fourth reinforcing bar and the fourth reinforcing bar 112 is that the fourth reinforcing bar contacts the upper flange 123 or the lower flange 124 of the steel end 120, while the fourth reinforcing bar 112 does not contact the upper flange 123 or the lower flange 124 of the steel end 120.

[0108] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top of the first stirrup includes a first hook portion 1131 and a second hook portion 1132 with a spacing along the horizontal direction.

[0109] Both the first hook portion 1131 and the second hook portion 1132 extend out of the concrete portion 111.

[0110] In this embodiment, the first hook portion 1131 and the second hook portion 1132 extending from the top of the first stirrup 113 can improve the anchoring ability of the first stirrup 113.

[0111] Specifically, the first hook portion 1131 and the second hook portion 1132, together with the longitudinal reinforcement corresponding to the post-cast composite beam slab and another part of the inverted reinforcement, form a closed first stirrup 113.

[0112] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first reinforcing bars 125 are all located between the first hook portion 1131 and the second hook portion 1132.

[0113] In this embodiment, a plurality of first reinforcing bars 125 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction and are all located between the first hook portion 1131 and the second hook portion 1132.

[0114] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 40 As shown, at least one first reinforcing bar 125 is inserted into the hook of the first hook portion 1131.

[0115] In this embodiment, a plurality of first reinforcing bars 125 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and the first reinforcing bars 125 at the edge are inserted into the hook of the first hook portion 1131. In other words, the first hook portion 1131 is laid on the first reinforcing bars 125 at the edge.

[0116] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 27 As shown, at least one first reinforcing bar 125 is inserted into the hook of the second hook portion 1132.

[0117] In this embodiment, a plurality of first reinforcing bars 125 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and the first reinforcing bars 125 at the edge are inserted into the hook of the second hook portion 1132. In other words, the second hook portion 1132 rests on the first reinforcing bars 125 at the edge.

[0118] Optionally, such as Figures 4-7 , Figures 12-15 or Figures 21-24 As shown, the cross-section of the concrete part 111 in the vertical direction perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111 is rectangular.

[0119] Optionally, the concrete part 111 has an H-shaped cross-section in the vertical direction perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111.

[0120] Optionally, such as Figures 16-17 As shown, the middle portion of the concrete section 111 has an H-shaped cross-section in the vertical direction perpendicular to its length, while the two ends of the concrete section 111 have rectangular cross-sections in the vertical direction perpendicular to its length. Therefore, the web of the middle portion of the concrete section 111 is thinner, while the web of the two ends is thicker, which can reduce the self-weight of the composite main beam 100 while ensuring its rigidity and hardness.

[0121] Optionally, such as Figure 17 As shown, a second stirrup 115 is also provided inside the top and bottom of the concrete part 111. The second stirrup 115 is a closed stirrup, and the shape of the closed area matches the shape of the top and bottom of the concrete part 111, which can improve the strength of the top and bottom of the concrete part 111.

[0122] Optionally, such as Figure 38a and Figure 38b As shown, at least one side of the web of the concrete section 111 is connected to a connecting rib 126 for connection with the secondary beam 300.

[0123] Optionally, the top surface of the concrete section 111 is connected with embedded parts for connection to the floor slab.

[0124] Optionally, the top surface of the concrete section 111 has protruding reinforcing bars for connection with the reinforcing bars or concrete in the subsequently poured composite layer.

[0125] In some possible embodiments, such as Figures 25-28 As shown, the concrete section 111 of the main body 110 has a rectangular or I-shaped cross section, or the concrete section 111 of the main body 110 has rectangular cross sections at both ends and an I-shaped cross section in the middle.

[0126] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 25-26 As shown, grooves are opened on both sides of the concrete section 111, so that the cross-section of the concrete section 111 of the main body 110 of the composite main beam 100 includes an I-shape, thereby reducing the weight of the composite main beam 100. When the size of the composite main beam 100 is large, the weight reduction of the composite main beam 100 due to this structure facilitates the installation of the composite main beam 100.

[0127] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 27-28 As shown, the concrete section 111 of the main body 110 has rectangular cross-sections at both ends, and grooves are opened on both sides of the remaining part of the concrete section 111, making the cross-section of the remaining part of the concrete section 111 I-shaped. This saves raw materials for the composite main beam 100 and reduces its weight. When the size of the composite main beam 100 is large, this structure can reduce the weight of the composite main beam 100, making its installation easier.

[0128] The following examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrate the specific structures of various hybrid main beams 100.

[0129] Optionally, Figures 1-7 The first hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 This is a front perspective structural diagram of the first type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This is a top view of the first type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 for Figure 2 A side view of the cross-section at point AA'. Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB'. Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC'. Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-section at point DD'.

[0130] In the first type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the hybrid main beam 100 includes: a main body 110 and a steel end 120. The main body 110 is strip-shaped and includes a concrete section 111. The steel end 120 is disposed at at least one end of the concrete section 111 and includes a steel web 121 and a steel end plate 122. The steel web 121 extends along the length direction of the concrete section 111 and is at least partially embedded in the concrete section 111. The steel end plate 122 is perpendicularly connected to the end of the steel web 121 and has at least one connecting hole 1220 for a connector to pass through and connect to the column 200.

[0131] In the first type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the steel end 120 further includes at least one upper steel flange 123 and a lower steel flange 124. The upper steel flange 123 is located above the concrete section 111, and one end of the upper steel flange 123 is connected to the top end of the steel end plate 122. The lower steel flange 124 is connected sequentially to the bottom of the concrete section 111, the bottom end of the steel web 121, and the bottom end of the steel end plate 122 along a direction parallel to and away from the concrete section 111.

[0132] In the first type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the steel upper flange member 123 includes a first steel upper flange plate 1231. One side of the top end of the steel web 121 protrudes from the concrete part 111; the first steel upper flange plate 1231 is vertically connected to one side of the top end of the steel web 121 and has a gap between it and the top surface of the concrete part 111.

[0133] In the first type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the hybrid main beam 100 further includes: a first reinforcing bar 125. The first reinforcing bar 125 is arranged parallel above the concrete part 111, one end of which is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at one end of the concrete part 111, and the other end faces the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at the other end of the concrete part 111.

[0134] In the first type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the portion of the first steel upper flange plate 1231 facing the other end of the concrete section 111 has at least one notch in the steel upper flange member 123. One end of each first reinforcing bar 125 is correspondingly embedded in the notch and connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231.

[0135] In the first type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the main body 110 further includes: a first stirrup. The first stirrup is perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111; at least a portion of the plurality of first stirrups are arranged at intervals within the concrete part 111 along the length direction of the concrete part 111. The steel web 121 is at least partially embedded within the concrete part 111 and passes through the area enclosed or partially enclosed by at least one first stirrup.

[0136] In the first hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the top end of the first stirrup includes a first hook portion 1131 and a second hook portion 1132 spaced horizontally. Both the first hook portion 1131 and the second hook portion 1132 extend out of the concrete portion 111. The first reinforcing bars 125 are all disposed between the first hook portion 1131 and the second hook portion 1132.

[0137] In the first type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the cross-section of the concrete part 111 is rectangular.

[0138] Optionally, Figures 8-15 This application illustrates a second type of hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the second type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 9 This is a front perspective structural diagram of the second type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 10 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of one end of the second type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 11 This is a top view of the second type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 12 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-section at point AA'. Figure 13 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB'. Figure 14 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC'. Figure 15 for Figure 9 The structural schematic diagram of the cross-section at point DD' mainly introduces the differences from the first type of hybrid main beam 100. In the second type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the steel upper flange member 123 includes a second steel upper flange plate 1232. The second steel upper flange plate 1232 is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web plate 121 and overlaps the concrete part 111.

[0139] In the second type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the upper surface of at least one end of the concrete portion 111 has a recessed area. The second steel upper flange plate 1232 is accommodated in the recessed area, and its upper surface is flush with the portion of the concrete portion 111 other than the recessed area.

[0140] The other structures of the second type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the first type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0141] Optionally, Figures 16-17 This application illustrates a third type of hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 17 for Figure 16The structural diagram of the section at CC' is shown here. This section mainly introduces the differences between this section and the first type of hybrid main beam 100.

[0142] In the third type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the middle part of the concrete part 111 has an H-shaped cross-section in the vertical direction perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111, and the two ends of the concrete part 111 have rectangular cross-sections in the vertical direction perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111.

[0143] The other structures of the third type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the first type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0144] Optionally, Figures 18-24 This application illustrates a fourth type of hybrid main beam 100. Figure 18 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 19 This is a front perspective structural diagram of the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 20 This is a top view of the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 21 for Figure 19 A side view of the cross-section at point AA'. Figure 22 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB'. Figure 23 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC'. Figure 24 for Figure 19 The structural diagram of the section at DD' is shown here. This section mainly introduces the differences between this section and the first type of hybrid main beam 100.

[0145] In the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the steel upper flange member 123 includes: a first steel upper flange plate 1231 and a second steel upper flange plate 1232 arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction near the concrete part 111, and a connecting web plate 1233 vertically connected between them. The second steel upper flange plate 1232 is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web plate 121 and overlaps the concrete part 111, located between the connecting web plate 1233 and the steel web plate 121.

[0146] In the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the connecting web 1233 and the steel web 121 coincide in the vertical direction.

[0147] In the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the width of the first steel upper flange plate 1231 is smaller than the width of the steel lower flange member 124.

[0148] The other structures of the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the first type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0149] Optionally, Figures 25-26 The fifth type of hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fifth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 17 This is a front view structural diagram of the fifth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Here, we mainly introduce the differences from the first type of hybrid main beam 100.

[0150] In the fifth type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the concrete part 111 has an I-shaped cross-section in the vertical direction perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111.

[0151] The other structures of the fifth type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the first type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0152] Optionally, Figures 27-28 The sixth type of hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 27 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sixth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 28 This is a front view structural diagram of the sixth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Here, we mainly introduce the differences from the first type of hybrid main beam 100.

[0153] In the sixth type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the middle part of the concrete part 111 has an I-shaped cross-section in the vertical direction perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111, and the two ends of the concrete part 111 have rectangular cross-sections in the vertical direction perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete part 111.

[0154] The other structures of the sixth type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the first type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0155] Optionally, Figures 29-31 The seventh type of hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 29 This is a structural schematic diagram of the seventh type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 30 This is a front view structural diagram of the seventh type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 31 This is a top view of the seventh type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; the main difference between this type and the first type of hybrid main beam 100 is described here.

[0156] In the seventh type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the second reinforcing bar 127 is arranged parallel above the concrete part 111. One end of the second reinforcing bar 127 is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at one end of the concrete part 111, and the other end of the second reinforcing bar 127 is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at the other end of the concrete part 111. Closed stirrups 116 are provided on all the second reinforcing bars 127.

[0157] The other structures of the seventh type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the first type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0158] Optionally, Figures 32-33 The eighth type of hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 32 This is a structural schematic diagram of the eighth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 33 This is a front view structural diagram of the eighth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; the main difference between this type and the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 is described here.

[0159] In the eighth type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the second reinforcing bar 127 is arranged parallel above the concrete part 111. One end of the second reinforcing bar 127 is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at one end of the concrete part 111, and the other end of the second reinforcing bar 127 is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at the other end of the concrete part 111. Closed stirrups 116 are provided on all the second reinforcing bars 127.

[0160] The other structures of the eighth type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the fourth type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0161] Optionally, Figures 34-35 The ninth type of hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 34 This is a structural schematic diagram of the ninth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 35 This is a front view structural diagram of the ninth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; the main difference between this type and the fifth type of hybrid main beam 100 is described here.

[0162] In the ninth type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the second reinforcing bar 127 is arranged parallel above the concrete part 111. One end of the second reinforcing bar 127 is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at one end of the concrete part 111, and the other end of the second reinforcing bar 127 is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at the other end of the concrete part 111. Closed stirrups 116 are provided on all the second reinforcing bars 127.

[0163] The other structures of the ninth type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the fifth type of hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0164] Optionally, Figures 36-37 The tenth hybrid main beam 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 36 This is a structural schematic diagram of the tenth hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 37 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of the tenth type of hybrid main beam 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; the main difference between this type and the sixth type of hybrid main beam 100 is described here.

[0165] In the tenth type of hybrid main beam 100 of this application embodiment, the second reinforcing bar 127 is arranged parallel above the concrete part 111. One end of the second reinforcing bar 127 is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at one end of the concrete part 111, and the other end of the second reinforcing bar 127 is connected to the first steel upper flange plate 1231 at the other end of the concrete part 111. Closed stirrups 116 are provided on all the second reinforcing bars 127.

[0166] The other structures of the tenth hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment are the same as or similar to the sixth hybrid main beam 100 in this application embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0167] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a frame structure for use inside a building, including: columns 200 and any of the multiple hybrid main beams 100 as provided in the above embodiments.

[0168] Multiple hybrid main beams 100 are arranged in at least two directions in the horizontal plane, and their respective steel ends 120 are connected to vertically extending columns 200.

[0169] Figure 26 A schematic diagram of a structure connecting a hybrid main beam 100 to a column 200 is shown. In this embodiment, multiple hybrid main beams 100 are connected to the column 200, and the steel end 120 serves to connect to the column 200. The frame structure provided in this embodiment includes any of the hybrid main beams 100 provided in the above embodiments, and their implementation principles are similar, so they will not be described again here.

[0170] Optionally, such as Figure 27 , Figure 29 and Figure 31 As shown, the frame structure also includes: a composite slab 400, which consists of a precast slab erected on the concrete part 111 of the composite main beam 100 and post-cast concrete, the post-cast concrete covering at least part of the composite main beam 100.

[0171] Optionally, such as Figure 28 , Figure 30 and Figure 32As shown, the frame structure also includes: floor deck 500, steel reinforcement and post-cast concrete, the post-cast concrete covering at least part of the mixed main beam 100, the top surface of the beam is provided with embedded parts, and the studs of the embedded parts are connected to the post-cast composite layer.

[0172] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 30 As shown, the frame structure also includes a positioning member 210. One part of the positioning member 210 is fixed to the column 200, and the upper surface of the other part of the positioning member 210 is connected to the lower surface of the steel end 120 connecting the hybrid main beam 100 and the column 200.

[0173] One part of the positioning member is fixed to the column, and the upper surface of the other part of the positioning member is connected to the lower surface of the steel end of the hybrid main beam that connects to the column.

[0174] In this embodiment, along the length of the hybrid main beam 100, a portion of the positioning member 210 is fixed in the column 200, and the remaining portion of the positioning member 210 extends out of the column 200. The upper surface of the positioning member 210 extending out of the column 200 is connected to the lower surface of the steel end 120 of the hybrid main beam 100. During the installation of the hybrid main beam 100 and the column 200, the positioning member 210 is used to position the hybrid main beam 100, facilitating its installation and increasing the shear resistance at the connection point between the hybrid main beam 100 and the column 200.

[0175] By applying the embodiments of this application, at least the following beneficial effects can be achieved: 1. In some embodiments, a hybrid main beam 100 is used instead of a steel main beam. The hybrid main beam 100 includes a main body 110 with a concrete section 111 and steel end sections 120 located at both ends of the concrete section 111. The concrete section 111 is cast from concrete, which reduces the amount of steel used. Moreover, the concrete section 111 has high durability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance, eliminating the need for additional fireproofing or waterproofing materials, thus reducing the material and construction costs for fireproofing or waterproofing. In addition, the steel web 121 of the steel end section 120 is at least partially embedded in the concrete section 111, providing shear resistance and ensuring a strong connection reliability between the steel end section 120 and the concrete section 111. Therefore, the steel end section 120 is directly connected to the column 200 via connectors, eliminating the need for corbel connections. This reduces the number of parts and welding work required to connect the hybrid main beam 100 and the column 200, reducing construction complexity and improving construction efficiency.

[0176] 2. In some embodiments, a steel upper flange 123, a steel web 121, and a steel lower flange 124 are sequentially arranged vertically between the steel end plate 122 of the steel end 120 and the concrete part 111. The steel upper flange 123, the steel web 121, and the steel lower flange 124 are all perpendicularly connected to the steel end 120, and the steel upper flange 123 and the steel lower flange 124 are also perpendicularly connected to the steel web 121, which can increase the load-bearing capacity of the steel end 120 and reduce its self-weight.

[0177] 3. In some embodiments, one end of each of the first reinforcing bars 125 is embedded in the notch, so that the first steel upper flange plate 1231 can restrict the position of the first reinforcing bars 125 in the horizontal direction. Moreover, it can increase the connection area between the first reinforcing bars 125 and the first steel upper flange plate 1231, thereby improving the connection stability between the first reinforcing bars 125 and the first steel upper flange plate 1231.

[0178] 4. In some embodiments, the second upper steel flange 1232 is vertically connected to the top of the steel web 121 and overlaps the concrete part 111, allowing it to overlap with the subsequent load-bearing floor slab and form an integral structure after concrete pouring. Moreover, the connection between the second upper steel flange 1232 and the concrete part 111 can improve the structural stability of the integral structure formed by the steel end 120 and the main body 110.

[0179] 5. In some embodiments, the upper steel flange 123 includes a first upper steel flange plate 1231, a connecting web plate 1233, and a second upper steel flange plate 1232 connected to each other, forming an H-shape, and connected above the web plate 121. The second upper steel flange plate 1232 is closer to the concrete portion 111 and connected to the web plate 121. The connecting web plate 1233 and the web plate 121 are respectively connected to the upper and lower sides of the second upper steel flange plate 1232 and overlap in the vertical direction. When subsequently supporting the floor slab and pouring concrete, the steel end 120 is simultaneously poured into the concrete, so that the concrete fills the area between the first and second upper steel flange plates 1231 and 1232 of the steel end 120, thereby making the connection between the steel end 120 and the concrete tighter and improving the structural stability of the integrated structure formed by the steel end 120 and the concrete.

[0180] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0181] The above description is only a partial implementation of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, other similar implementation methods based on the technical concept of this application, without departing from the technical concept of this application, also fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A hybrid girder, characterized by, include: The main body is strip-shaped and includes the concrete section; The steel end, located at at least one end of the concrete part, includes a steel web and a steel end plate, both perpendicular to the horizontal plane; The steel web extends along the length of the concrete section and is at least partially embedded within the concrete section; The steel end plate is perpendicularly connected to the end of the steel web plate and has at least one connection hole for the connector to pass through and connect to the column.

2. The hybrid girder of claim 1, wherein, The steel end also includes: At least one steel upper flange is located above the concrete section, and one end of the steel upper flange is connected to the top of the steel end plate; The lower steel flange is connected sequentially to the lower part of the concrete section, the bottom end of the steel web, and the bottom end of the steel end plate, along a direction parallel to and away from the concrete section.

3. The hybrid girder of claim 2, wherein, The steel upper flange member includes a first steel upper flange plate; The top of the steel web protrudes from the concrete portion; the first upper steel flange is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web and has a gap between it and the top surface of the concrete portion.

4. The hybrid girder of claim 2, wherein, The steel upper flange member includes a second steel upper flange plate; The second steel upper flange is vertically connected to one side of the top of the steel web and overlaps the concrete part.

5. The hybrid girder of claim 4, wherein, The upper surface of at least one end of the concrete part has a recessed area; The second steel upper flange is housed within the recessed area, and its upper surface is flush with the portion of the concrete part excluding the recessed area.

6. The hybrid girder of claim 2, wherein, The steel upper flange member includes: a first steel upper flange plate and a second steel upper flange plate arranged in parallel at intervals along a vertical direction close to the concrete part, and a connecting web plate vertically connected between the two. The second steel upper flange is vertically connected to the top of the steel web and overlaps the concrete part, located between the connecting web and the steel web.

7. The hybrid girder of claim 6, wherein, Includes at least one of the following: The connecting web and the steel web at least partially overlap in their orthographic projections on the horizontal plane; The width of the first upper steel flange is smaller than the width of the lower steel flange.

8. The hybrid girder of claim 2, wherein, The lower surface of at least one end of the concrete part has a recessed area; The lower steel flange is housed within the recessed area, and its lower surface is flush with the portion of the concrete part excluding the recessed area.

9. The hybrid girder of claim 2, wherein, Also includes: The first reinforcing bar is arranged parallel above the concrete part, with one end connected to the first steel upper flange plate at one end of the concrete part, and the other end facing the first steel upper flange plate at the other end of the concrete part.

10. The hybrid girder of claim 9, wherein, The portion of the first steel upper flange facing the other end of the concrete section has at least one notch; One end of each of the first reinforcing bars is embedded in the notch and connected to the upper flange of the first steel bar.

11. The hybrid girder of claim 9, wherein, One end of the first reinforcing bar is connected to the lower surface and / or upper surface of the upper flange plate of the first steel bar.

12. The hybrid girder of claim 2, wherein, Also includes: The second reinforcing bar is arranged parallel above the concrete section, with one end connected to the first upper steel flange plate at one end of the concrete section and the other end connected to the first upper steel flange plate at the other end of the concrete section.

13. The hybrid girder of claim 12, wherein, A closed stirrup is provided on top of the second reinforcing bar.

14. The hybrid girder of claim 1, wherein, The main body also includes: Multiple third reinforcing bars are inserted into the concrete section along its length. At least one of the third reinforcing bars has its orthographic projection on the steel end plate falling into the connecting hole.

15. The hybrid girder of claim 1, wherein, The main body also includes: The first stirrup is perpendicular to the length direction of the concrete section; at least a portion of the plurality of the first stirrups are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the concrete section within the concrete section; The steel web is at least partially embedded in the concrete section and passes through at least one area enclosed or partially enclosed by the first stirrup.

16. The hybrid girder of claim 15, wherein, The main body also includes: Multiple fourth reinforcing bars are inserted along the length of the concrete section into the area enclosed or partially enclosed by multiple first stirrups; At least one end of the fourth reinforcing bar is connected to the lower surface of the second upper steel flange of the steel end, and / or, at least one end of the fourth reinforcing bar is connected to the upper surface of the lower steel flange of the steel end.

17. The hybrid girder of claim 15, wherein, The top of the first stirrup includes a first hook portion and a second hook portion with a spacing along the horizontal direction; Both the first hook portion and the second hook portion extend out of the concrete portion; It also includes at least one of the following: The first reinforcing bar is disposed between the first hook portion and the second hook portion; At least one of the first reinforcing bars is inserted into the hook of the first hook portion; At least one of the first reinforcing bars is inserted into the hook of the second hook portion.

18. The hybrid girder of claim 1, wherein, The concrete section of the main body is rectangular or I-shaped, or the concrete sections at both ends of the main body are rectangular and the middle section is I-shaped.

19. A frame structure, characterized by A structure applied inside a building includes: columns, and multiple hybrid main beams as described in any one of claims 1-18 above; Multiple hybrid main beams are arranged in at least two directions in the horizontal plane, and their respective steel ends are connected to the vertically extending columns.

20. The frame structure of claim 19, wherein, It also includes a positioning component, one part of which is fixed to the column, and the upper surface of the other part of which is connected to the lower surface of the steel end of the hybrid main beam that connects to the column.

Images