Diesel engine aftertreatment system

Abstract

This utility model discloses an aftertreatment system for a diesel engine, addressing the problem in related technologies where diesel engine aftertreatment systems struggle to simultaneously achieve high and low-temperature conversion efficiency. By controlling the flow of engine exhaust gas through electronically controlled valves and intelligently heating or cooling the exhaust gas using a ceramic heat accumulator, the system dynamically adapts to exhaust temperature changes under all operating conditions of the diesel engine. This precisely maintains the exhaust gas temperature within the high-efficiency temperature window of the aftertreatment system, ensuring the SCR catalytic reaction can continuously and stably proceed in the high-efficiency range, fundamentally guaranteeing high NOx conversion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to an after-treatment system for diesel engines. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the NOx conversion efficiency of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is closely related to the operating temperature, exhibiting a typical inverted U-shaped characteristic. At low temperatures, due to incomplete urea decomposition and insufficient catalyst activity, the NOx conversion efficiency of SCR is relatively low. As the temperature rises to the optimal operating range, the NOx conversion efficiency of SCR reaches its peak. However, when the temperature exceeds a certain level, due to problems such as excessive NH3 oxidation and catalyst sintering, the NOx conversion efficiency of SCR will significantly decrease again.

[0003] Currently, it is indeed difficult for any diesel engine aftertreatment system to simultaneously achieve high and low temperature conversion efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aftertreatment system for diesel engines, which solves the problem in related technologies that it is difficult to simultaneously achieve high and low temperature conversion efficiency in diesel engine aftertreatment systems.

[0005] This utility model provides an aftertreatment system for a diesel engine, the system comprising a first three-way pipe, a first exhaust pipe, a first electronically controlled valve, a second exhaust pipe, a second electronically controlled valve, a first ceramic heat accumulator, and an aftertreatment unit; The first end of the first three-way pipe is connected to the exhaust manifold of the diesel engine; One end of the first exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the first tee pipe; The first electrically controlled valve is installed inside the first exhaust gas pipeline; One end of the second exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the first three-way pipe; The second electrically controlled valve is installed inside the second exhaust gas pipeline; One side of the first ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the second exhaust pipe away from the first three-way pipe; The post-processing unit is connected to the ceramic heat storage body on the side away from the second exhaust pipe, and is also connected to the end of the first exhaust pipe away from the three-way pipe. The diesel engine is equipped with an engine controller, which is connected to the first electronically controlled valve and the second electronically controlled valve via a bus.

[0006] In one possible implementation, between one side of the first ceramic heat storage body and the other end of the second exhaust pipe away from the first tee pipe, the system further includes a second tee pipe, a third exhaust pipe, a third electrically controlled valve, a fourth exhaust pipe, and a fourth electrically controlled valve. The first end of the second three-way pipe is connected to the other end of the second exhaust pipe; One end of the third exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the second three-way pipe; One end of the fourth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the second three-way pipe; The other end of the third exhaust pipe, away from the second three-way pipe, is connected to the first air inlet on one side of the first ceramic heat storage body. The other end of the fourth exhaust pipe, away from the second three-way pipe, is connected to the second air inlet on one side of the first ceramic heat storage body. The third electrically controlled valve is installed in the third exhaust pipe, and the fourth electrically controlled valve is installed in the fourth exhaust pipe.

[0007] In one possible implementation, between the post-treatment unit and the ceramic heat storage body on the side away from the second exhaust pipe, the system further includes a third tee pipe, a fifth exhaust pipe, a fifth electrically controlled valve, a sixth exhaust pipe, and a sixth electrically controlled valve. The first end of the third three-way pipe is connected to the third air inlet on the other side of the first ceramic heat storage body; One end of the fifth exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the third three-way pipe; One end of the sixth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the third three-way pipe; The other end of the sixth exhaust pipe, away from the third three-way pipe, is connected to the first air inlet of the after-treatment unit; The fifth electrically controlled valve is installed in the fifth exhaust pipe, and the sixth electrically controlled valve is installed in the sixth exhaust pipe.

[0008] In one possible implementation, between the post-treatment unit and the ceramic heat storage body on the side away from the second exhaust pipe, the system further includes a fourth three-way pipe, a seventh exhaust pipe, a seventh electrically controlled valve, an eighth exhaust pipe, and an eighth electrically controlled valve. The first end of the fourth three-way pipe is connected to the fourth air inlet on the other side of the first ceramic heat storage body; One end of the seventh exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the fourth three-way pipe; One end of the eighth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the fourth three-way pipe; The other end of the eighth exhaust pipe, away from the fourth three-way pipe, is connected to the second air inlet of the after-treatment unit; The seventh electrically controlled valve is installed in the seventh exhaust pipe, and the eighth electrically controlled valve is installed in the eighth exhaust pipe.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the system further includes a second ceramic heat accumulator on the side of the aftertreatment unit away from the ceramic heat accumulator away from the second exhaust pipe. The first air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the fifth exhaust pipe away from the third three-way pipe; the second air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the seventh exhaust pipe away from the fourth three-way pipe; the third air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the third air inlet of the after-treatment unit; and the third air inlet of the after-treatment unit is connected to the other end of the first exhaust pipe.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the system further includes a first temperature detector located at the end of the exhaust manifold of the diesel engine; The engine controller is connected to the first temperature detector; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the first temperature detector is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the second electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state, and the engine controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be in the open state. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the first temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the second electronically controlled valve to be in the open state, and the engine controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the system further includes a second temperature detector located at the first end of the second tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the second temperature detector; When the first electronically controlled valve is closed, the second electronically controlled valve is open, the exhaust gas temperature detected by the second temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is greater than the temperature of the first ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the third electronically controlled valve to be closed, and the engine controller controls the fourth electronically controlled valve to be open. When the first electronically controlled valve is closed, the second electronically controlled valve is open, and the exhaust gas temperature detected by the second temperature detector is lower than the first preset temperature and lower than the temperature of the first ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the third electronically controlled valve to be open and the engine controller controls the fourth electronically controlled valve to be closed.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the system further includes a third temperature detector located at the first end of the third tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the third temperature detector; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the third temperature detector is greater than the first preset temperature and less than the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the fifth electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state, and the engine controller controls the sixth electronically controlled valve to be in the open state. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the third temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature and greater than the temperature of the second ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the fifth electronically controlled valve to be in the open state, and the engine controller controls the sixth electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the system further includes a fourth temperature detector located at the first end of the fourth tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the fourth temperature detector; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the fourth temperature detector is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the seventh electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state, and the engine controller controls the eighth electronically controlled valve to be in the open state. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the fourth temperature detector is lower than the first preset temperature and lower than the temperature of the second ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the seventh electronically controlled valve to be in the open state, and the engine controller controls the eighth electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the aftertreatment unit includes an oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) connected in sequence; the bus is a CAN bus.

[0015] In this invention, the flow pipe of engine exhaust gas is controlled by an electronically controlled valve, and the exhaust gas is intelligently heated or cooled by a ceramic heat accumulator. This dynamically adapts to the exhaust temperature changes under all operating conditions of the diesel engine, and precisely maintains the exhaust gas temperature within the high-efficiency temperature window of the aftertreatment system. This ensures that the SCR catalytic reaction can continue to proceed stably in the high-efficiency zone, fundamentally guaranteeing the high conversion efficiency of NOx.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the aftertreatment system for a diesel engine provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a diesel engine controller provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0020] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more.

[0021] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] Currently, the NOx conversion efficiency of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is closely related to the operating temperature, exhibiting a typical inverted U-shaped characteristic. At low temperatures, due to incomplete urea decomposition and insufficient catalyst activity, the NOx conversion efficiency of SCR is relatively low. As the temperature rises to the optimal operating range, the NOx conversion efficiency of SCR reaches its peak. However, when the temperature exceeds a certain level, due to problems such as excessive NH3 oxidation and catalyst sintering, the NOx conversion efficiency of SCR will significantly decrease again.

[0023] Currently, it is indeed difficult for any diesel engine aftertreatment system to simultaneously achieve high and low temperature conversion efficiency.

[0024] In view of this, the present invention provides an aftertreatment system for a diesel engine to solve the problem in the related art that it is difficult for diesel engine aftertreatment systems to simultaneously achieve conversion efficiency at high and low temperatures.

[0025] The concept of this utility model can be summarized as follows: the flow pipe of engine exhaust gas is controlled by an electronically controlled valve, and the exhaust gas is intelligently heated or cooled by a ceramic heat accumulator. This dynamically adapts to the exhaust temperature changes under all operating conditions of the diesel engine, and precisely maintains the exhaust gas temperature within the high-efficiency temperature window of the aftertreatment system. This ensures that the SCR catalytic reaction can continue to proceed stably in the high-efficiency zone, fundamentally guaranteeing the high conversion efficiency of NOx.

[0026] After introducing the main ideas of the embodiments of this utility model, the following is a brief introduction to the application scenarios to which the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model are applicable. It should be noted that the application scenarios described below are only for illustrating the embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. In specific implementation, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this utility model can be flexibly applied according to actual needs.

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the diesel engine aftertreatment system provided in this embodiment of the present invention, further explanation will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the aftertreatment system for a diesel engine provided in an embodiment of this utility model is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the aftertreatment system includes a first three-way pipe, a first exhaust pipe, a first electrically controlled valve, a second exhaust pipe, a second electrically controlled valve, a first ceramic heat storage body, and an aftertreatment unit. The first end of the first tee pipe is connected to the exhaust manifold of the diesel engine; One end of the first exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the first tee pipe; The first electrically controlled valve is installed in the first exhaust gas pipeline; One end of the second exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the first three-way pipe; The second electrically controlled valve is located inside the second exhaust gas pipeline; One side of the first ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the second exhaust pipe away from the first three-way pipe; The after-treatment unit is connected to the ceramic heat storage body on the side away from the second exhaust pipe, and is also connected to the end of the first exhaust pipe away from the tee pipe. The diesel engine is equipped with an engine controller, which is connected to the first and second electronically controlled valves via a bus.

[0029] In one possible implementation, between one side of the first ceramic heat storage body and the other end of the second exhaust pipe away from the first tee pipe, the aftertreatment system further includes a second tee pipe, a third exhaust pipe, a third electrically controlled valve, a fourth exhaust pipe, and a fourth electrically controlled valve. The first end of the second three-way pipe is connected to the other end of the second exhaust pipe; One end of the third exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the second tee pipe; One end of the fourth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the second three-way pipe; The other end of the third exhaust pipe, away from the second three-way pipe, is connected to the first air inlet on one side of the first ceramic heat storage body. The other end of the fourth exhaust pipe, away from the second three-way pipe, is connected to the second air inlet on one side of the first ceramic heat storage body; A third electrically controlled valve is installed in the third exhaust pipe, and a fourth electrically controlled valve is installed in the fourth exhaust pipe.

[0030] In one possible implementation, between the after-treatment unit and the ceramic accumulator on the side away from the second exhaust pipe, the after-treatment system further includes a third tee pipe, a fifth exhaust pipe, a fifth electrically controlled valve, a sixth exhaust pipe, and a sixth electrically controlled valve. The first end of the third three-way pipe is connected to the third air inlet on the other side of the first ceramic heat storage body; One end of the fifth exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the third tee pipe; One end of the sixth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the third tee pipe; The other end of the sixth exhaust pipe, away from the third three-way pipe, is connected to the first air inlet of the aftertreatment unit; A fifth electrically controlled valve is installed in the fifth exhaust pipe, and a sixth electrically controlled valve is installed in the sixth exhaust pipe.

[0031] In one possible implementation, between the after-treatment unit and the ceramic regenerator on the side away from the second exhaust pipe, the after-treatment system further includes a fourth three-way pipe, a seventh exhaust pipe, a seventh electrically controlled valve, an eighth exhaust pipe, and an eighth electrically controlled valve. The first end of the fourth three-way pipe is connected to the fourth air inlet on the other side of the first ceramic heat storage body; One end of the seventh exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the fourth three-way pipe; One end of the eighth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the fourth three-way pipe; The other end of the eighth exhaust pipe, away from the fourth three-way pipe, is connected to the second air inlet of the aftertreatment unit; The seventh electrically controlled valve is installed in the seventh exhaust pipe, and the eighth electrically controlled valve is installed in the eighth exhaust pipe.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the aftertreatment system further includes a second ceramic accumulator on the side of the aftertreatment unit away from the ceramic accumulator, away from the second exhaust pipe. The first air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the fifth exhaust pipe away from the third three-way pipe. The second air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the seventh exhaust pipe away from the fourth three-way pipe. The third air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the third air inlet of the after-treatment unit. The third air inlet of the after-treatment unit is connected to the other end of the first exhaust pipe.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the aftertreatment system also includes a first temperature detector located at the end of the exhaust manifold of the diesel engine. The engine controller is connected to the first temperature detector; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the first temperature detector is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the second electronically controlled valve to be closed and the engine controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be open. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the first temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the second electronically controlled valve to be in the open state, and the engine controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the system further includes a second temperature detector located at the first end of the second tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the second temperature detector; When the first electronically controlled valve is closed, the second electronically controlled valve is open, the exhaust gas temperature detected by the second temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is greater than the temperature of the first ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the third electronically controlled valve to be closed, and the engine controller controls the fourth electronically controlled valve to be open. When the first electronically controlled valve is closed, the second electronically controlled valve is open, and the exhaust gas temperature detected by the second temperature detector is lower than the first preset temperature and lower than the temperature of the first ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the third electronically controlled valve to be open and the engine controller controls the fourth electronically controlled valve to be closed.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the post-processing system further includes a third temperature detector located at the first end of the third tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the third temperature sensor; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the third temperature detector is greater than the first preset temperature and less than the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the fifth electronically controlled valve to be closed and the engine controller controls the sixth electronically controlled valve to be open. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the third temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature and greater than the temperature of the second ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the fifth electronically controlled valve to be in the open state, and the engine controller controls the sixth electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the post-processing system further includes a fourth temperature detector located at the first end of the fourth tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the fourth temperature sensor; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the fourth temperature detector is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the seventh electronically controlled valve to be closed and the engine controller controls the eighth electronically controlled valve to be open. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the fourth temperature detector is lower than the first preset temperature and lower than the temperature of the second ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the seventh electronically controlled valve to be in the open state and the engine controller controls the eighth electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the aftertreatment unit includes an oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) connected in sequence; the bus is a CAN bus.

[0038] For example, the exhaust gas temperature detected by the first temperature detector is T0, the exhaust gas temperature detected by the second temperature detector is T5, the exhaust gas temperature detected by the third temperature detector is T6, the exhaust gas temperature detected by the fourth temperature detector is T8, the temperature of the first ceramic heat storage body is Tx1, the temperature of the second ceramic heat storage body is Tx2, the first preset temperature is T2, and the second preset temperature is T3. T2-T3 is the optimal working range of SCR, with high and stable conversion efficiency.

[0039] When the exhaust gas temperature T0 satisfies T2≤T0≤T3, the second electronically controlled valve is closed, the first electronically controlled valve is fully opened, and the exhaust gas directly enters the post-treatment unit through the first exhaust gas pipeline.

[0040] When the exhaust gas temperature T0 satisfies T0>T3, the second electronically controlled valve is fully opened, the first electronically controlled valve is closed, and T5=T0;

[0041] When the exhaust gas temperature T5 satisfies T5>T3>Tx1, the third electronically controlled valve is closed, the fourth electronically controlled valve is fully opened, and the exhaust gas enters the first ceramic heat storage body through the fourth exhaust gas pipeline, so that exothermic cooling is implemented to reach the temperature T6; When the exhaust gas temperature T6 satisfies T2<T6<T3, the fifth electronically controlled valve is closed, the sixth electronically controlled valve is fully opened, T7=T6, and the exhaust gas enters the post-treatment unit through the sixth exhaust gas pipeline; When the exhaust gas temperature T6 satisfies Tx2<T3<T6, the fifth electronically controlled valve is fully opened, the sixth electronically controlled valve is closed, and the exhaust gas enters the second ceramic heat storage body through the fifth exhaust gas pipeline for secondary exothermic cooling, so that the exhaust gas temperature T10 satisfies T2≤T10≤T3, and then enters the post-treatment unit through the third air inlet of the post-treatment unit; When the exhaust gas temperature T5 satisfies T5<T2 and Tx1>T5, the fourth electronically controlled valve is closed, the third electronically controlled valve is fully opened, and the exhaust gas enters the first ceramic heat storage body through the third exhaust gas pipeline, heat is transferred from the high-temperature gas to the low-temperature gas, so that the exhaust gas temperature is heated to T8; When the exhaust gas temperature T8 satisfies T2≤T8≤T3, the seventh electronically controlled valve is closed, the eighth electronically controlled valve is fully opened, T9=T8, and the exhaust gas enters the post-treatment unit through the eighth exhaust gas pipeline; When the exhaust gas temperature T8<T2<Tx2, the seventh electronically controlled valve is fully opened, the eighth electronically controlled valve is closed, and the exhaust gas enters the second ceramic heat storage body through the seventh exhaust gas pipeline for secondary heating, so that the exhaust gas temperature T10 is heated to satisfy T2≤T10≤T3, and then enters the post-treatment unit through the third air inlet of the post-treatment unit.

[0042] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the diesel engine controller provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2As shown, the diesel engine controller includes a signal transmitter and a signal receiver. The signal transmitter can send control signals to the electronically controlled valves, and the signal receiver can receive temperature signals sent by the temperature detector.

[0043] In summary, this invention controls the flow of engine exhaust gas through an electronically controlled valve and intelligently heats or cools the exhaust gas using a ceramic heat accumulator. This dynamically adapts to the exhaust temperature changes under all operating conditions of the diesel engine, precisely maintaining the exhaust gas temperature within the high-efficiency temperature window of the aftertreatment system. This ensures that the SCR catalytic reaction can continue stably in the high-efficiency zone, fundamentally guaranteeing the high conversion efficiency of NOx.

[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An aftertreatment system for a diesel engine, characterized in that, The system includes a first three-way pipe, a first exhaust pipe, a first electrically controlled valve, a second exhaust pipe, a second electrically controlled valve, a first ceramic heat storage body, and an after-treatment unit; The first end of the first three-way pipe is connected to the exhaust manifold of the diesel engine; One end of the first exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the first tee pipe; The first electrically controlled valve is installed inside the first exhaust gas pipeline; One end of the second exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the first three-way pipe; The second electrically controlled valve is installed inside the second exhaust gas pipeline; One side of the first ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the second exhaust pipe away from the first three-way pipe; The post-processing unit is connected to the ceramic heat storage body on the side away from the second exhaust pipe, and is also connected to the end of the first exhaust pipe away from the three-way pipe. The diesel engine is equipped with an engine controller, which is connected to the first electronically controlled valve and the second electronically controlled valve via a bus.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between one side of the first ceramic heat storage body and the other end of the second exhaust pipe away from the first three-way pipe, the system further includes a second three-way pipe, a third exhaust pipe, a third electrically controlled valve, a fourth exhaust pipe, and a fourth electrically controlled valve. The first end of the second three-way pipe is connected to the other end of the second exhaust pipe; One end of the third exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the second three-way pipe; One end of the fourth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the second three-way pipe; The other end of the third exhaust pipe, away from the second three-way pipe, is connected to the first air inlet on one side of the first ceramic heat storage body. The other end of the fourth exhaust pipe, away from the second three-way pipe, is connected to the second air inlet on one side of the first ceramic heat storage body. The third electrically controlled valve is installed in the third exhaust pipe, and the fourth electrically controlled valve is installed in the fourth exhaust pipe.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Between the post-treatment unit and the ceramic heat storage body on the side away from the second exhaust pipe, the system further includes a third three-way pipe, a fifth exhaust pipe, a fifth electrically controlled valve, a sixth exhaust pipe, and a sixth electrically controlled valve; The first end of the third three-way pipe is connected to the third air inlet on the other side of the first ceramic heat storage body; One end of the fifth exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the third three-way pipe; One end of the sixth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the third three-way pipe; The other end of the sixth exhaust pipe, away from the third three-way pipe, is connected to the first air inlet of the after-treatment unit; The fifth electrically controlled valve is installed in the fifth exhaust pipe, and the sixth electrically controlled valve is installed in the sixth exhaust pipe.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Between the post-treatment unit and the ceramic heat storage body on the side away from the second exhaust gas pipeline, the system further includes a fourth three-way pipeline, a seventh exhaust gas pipeline, a seventh electrically controlled valve, an eighth exhaust gas pipeline, and an eighth electrically controlled valve; The first end of the fourth three-way pipe is connected to the fourth air inlet on the other side of the first ceramic heat storage body; One end of the seventh exhaust pipe is connected to the second end of the fourth three-way pipe; One end of the eighth exhaust pipe is connected to the third end of the fourth three-way pipe; The other end of the eighth exhaust pipe, away from the fourth three-way pipe, is connected to the second air inlet of the after-treatment unit; The seventh electrically controlled valve is installed in the seventh exhaust pipe, and the eighth electrically controlled valve is installed in the eighth exhaust pipe.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The system further includes a second ceramic heat accumulator on the side away from the second exhaust pipe between the aftertreatment unit and the ceramic heat accumulator. The first air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the fifth exhaust pipe away from the third three-way pipe; the second air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the other end of the seventh exhaust pipe away from the fourth three-way pipe; the third air inlet of the second ceramic heat storage body is connected to the third air inlet of the after-treatment unit; and the third air inlet of the after-treatment unit is connected to the other end of the first exhaust pipe.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a first temperature detector located at the end of the exhaust manifold of the diesel engine; The engine controller is connected to the first temperature detector; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the first temperature detector is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the second electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state, and the engine controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be in the open state. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the first temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the second electronically controlled valve to be in the open state, and the engine controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

7. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The system also includes a second temperature detector located at the first end of the second tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the second temperature detector; When the first electronically controlled valve is closed, the second electronically controlled valve is open, the exhaust gas temperature detected by the second temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is greater than the temperature of the first ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the third electronically controlled valve to be closed, and the engine controller controls the fourth electronically controlled valve to be open. When the first electronically controlled valve is closed, the second electronically controlled valve is open, and the exhaust gas temperature detected by the second temperature detector is lower than the first preset temperature and lower than the temperature of the first ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the third electronically controlled valve to be open and the engine controller controls the fourth electronically controlled valve to be closed.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system also includes a third temperature detector located at the first end of the third tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the third temperature detector; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the third temperature detector is greater than the first preset temperature and less than the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the fifth electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state, and the engine controller controls the sixth electronically controlled valve to be in the open state. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the third temperature detector is greater than the second preset temperature and greater than the temperature of the second ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the fifth electronically controlled valve to be in the open state, and the engine controller controls the sixth electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

9. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system also includes a fourth temperature detector located at the first end of the fourth tee pipe; The engine controller is connected to the fourth temperature detector; When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the fourth temperature detector is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the engine controller controls the seventh electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state, and the engine controller controls the eighth electronically controlled valve to be in the open state. When the exhaust gas temperature detected by the fourth temperature detector is lower than the first preset temperature and lower than the temperature of the second ceramic heat storage body, the engine controller controls the seventh electronically controlled valve to be in the open state, and the engine controller controls the eighth electronically controlled valve to be in the closed state.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aftertreatment unit includes an oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) connected in sequence; the bus is a CAN bus.

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