Wind power generation blade and wind turbine generator system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind power generation blade and a wind turbine. The wind power generation blade comprises a supporting piece, a blade shell, a triggering piece, a first detecting piece and a controller, and the blade shell covers the surface of the supporting piece. The triggering piece is connected with the blade shell. The first detecting piece is arranged on the blade shell and is used for detecting a wind speed. The triggering piece and the first detecting piece are in communication connection with the controller, the controller controls the triggering piece to trigger the blade shell to stretch when the wind speed is less than or equal to a first preset wind speed, and controls the triggering piece to trigger the blade shell to shrink when the wind speed is greater than or equal to a second preset wind speed. The wind power generation blade and the wind turbine provided by the application can produce deformation under different wind conditions, can adapt to the power generation demand under low wind speed and can meet the safety protection demand under strong wind.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a wind power generation blade and a wind power generator set. Background Technology

[0002] A wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into electrical energy. A wind turbine consists of a tower, a nacelle, and blades. The nacelle is mounted on the tower, with a hub at the front. Inside the nacelle are a generator and a gearbox, connected to the hub. The blades are mounted on the hub; when the wind blows, the blades rotate, causing the hub to rotate. The gearbox increases the rotational speed, driving the generator to produce electricity.

[0003] However, under low wind speed conditions, insufficient blade wind-catching area leads to low energy utilization; under high wind speed or extreme weather conditions, blade overload vibration is easily triggered, increasing the risk of structural fatigue damage. As a result, existing blades cannot simultaneously achieve efficient power generation and safe operation under different wind speed conditions. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a wind turbine blade and a wind turbine generator set. The wind turbine blade can deform under different wind conditions, which can adapt to the power generation needs under low wind speeds and meet the safety protection needs under strong winds.

[0005] In the first aspect, the wind turbine blade provided in this application includes a support, a blade shell, a trigger, a first detection element, and a controller, with the blade shell covering the surface of the support.

[0006] The trigger is connected to the blade housing.

[0007] The first detection element is installed on the blade shell and is used to detect wind speed.

[0008] Both the trigger and the first detection element are connected to the controller. When the wind speed is less than or equal to the first preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger to extend the blade shell. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to the second preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger to retract the blade shell.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the wind turbine blade provided in this application has a mounting groove on the side of the blade shell facing the support member, and a trigger member is embedded in the mounting groove.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the wind turbine blade provided in this application has two inclined walls of the mounting slot, with the distance between the two walls gradually decreasing from the bottom of the mounting slot towards the opening of the mounting slot.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the wind turbine blade provided in this application has multiple mounting slots, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length of the blade shell.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the wind turbine blade provided in this application has a shape memory alloy outer shell.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the wind turbine blade provided in this application has a resistance wire as the trigger element, which is used to heat and trigger the extension of the blade shell.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the wind turbine blade provided in this application has multiple first detection elements, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length of the blade shell.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the wind turbine blade provided in this application further includes a second detection element, which is embedded in the blade shell and is used to detect the internal strain of the blade shell.

[0016] The second detection element is connected to the controller. When the internal strain is greater than or equal to the preset strain, the controller controls the trigger element to trigger the blade shell to contract.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the wind turbine blade provided in this application has a first detection element of a wind speed sensor and a second detection element of a strain sensor.

[0018] Secondly, this application also provides a wind turbine generator set, including any of the wind turbine blades provided in the first aspect above.

[0019] The wind turbine blade and wind turbine generator set provided in this application include a support, a blade shell, a trigger, a first detection element, and a controller. The blade shell covers the surface of the support. The trigger is connected to the blade shell. The first detection element is mounted on the blade shell and is used to detect wind speed. Both the trigger and the first detection element are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0020] When the wind speed is less than or equal to a first preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger to extend the blade shell, thereby increasing the blade's wind-receiving area and improving energy capture capability at low wind speeds. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to a second preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger to retract the blade shell, thereby reducing the wind-receiving area, lowering the blade load, and preventing structural damage. Thus, the wind turbine blades and wind turbine generators provided in this application allow the wind turbine blades to deform under different wind conditions, adapting to power generation needs at low wind speeds while also meeting safety protection requirements under strong winds. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind turbine blade provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of section AA;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind turbine generator set provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 10 - Wind turbine blades;

[0027] 100 - Support component;

[0028] 200 - Blade casing; 210 - Mounting slot; 201 - Leading edge; 202 - Trailing edge; 203 - Windward side; 204 - Leeward side;

[0029] 300-Trigger;

[0030] 400 - First Inspection Item;

[0031] 500 - Second inspection item;

[0032] 20-Tower;

[0033] 30 - Cabin.

[0034] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0035] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0036] Secondly, it should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0039] As the background section demonstrates, in existing technologies, wind turbine blades employ a fixed geometric design, with their length and cross-sectional shape determined during manufacturing. However, under low wind speed conditions, insufficient blade wind-catching area leads to low energy utilization; under high wind speed or extreme weather conditions, blade overload vibration is easily triggered, increasing the risk of structural fatigue damage. Consequently, existing blades cannot simultaneously achieve efficient power generation and safe operation under different wind speed conditions.

[0040] Based on this, the wind turbine blade and wind turbine generator provided in this application include a wind turbine blade comprising a support, a blade shell, a trigger, a first detection element, and a controller. The blade shell covers the surface of the support. The trigger is connected to the blade shell. The first detection element is mounted on the blade shell and is used to detect wind speed. Both the trigger and the first detection element are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0041] When the wind speed is less than or equal to a first preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger to extend the blade shell, thereby increasing the blade's wind-receiving area and improving energy capture capability at low wind speeds. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to a second preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger to retract the blade shell, thereby reducing the wind-receiving area, lowering the blade load, and preventing structural damage. Thus, the wind turbine blades and wind turbine generators provided in this application allow the wind turbine blades to deform under different wind conditions to automatically adjust their aerodynamic characteristics, adapting to power generation needs at low wind speeds while also meeting safety protection requirements in strong winds.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] To facilitate understanding, the application scenarios of the embodiments of this application will be described first.

[0044] The wind turbine blades provided in this application are mainly used in the field of wind power generation, and are particularly suitable for complex terrain wind fields with frequent wind speed fluctuations (such as hilly, mountainous, or coastal areas). In wind power generation systems, the aerodynamic performance of the turbine blades directly affects the power generation efficiency and operational stability of the wind turbine generator set. Traditional fixed-geometry blades require the optimal shape to be preset during the design phase to balance wind capture efficiency and structural load under different wind speeds. However, in actual operation, wind speed exhibits significant time-varying and spatial differences: insufficient wind-capturing area of ​​the blades at low wind speeds leads to low energy utilization, while excessively large windward area of ​​the blades at high wind speeds may cause overload, vibration, or even structural damage. In addition, under extreme weather conditions (such as typhoons and strong gusts), fixed blades cannot avoid risks through active adjustment, leading to frequent unit shutdowns or forced load reduction, which seriously restricts the continuity and economy of wind energy.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the wind turbine blade 10 provided in this application includes a support member 100, a blade shell 200, a trigger member 300, a first detection member 400, and a controller, with the blade shell 200 covering the surface of the support member 100.

[0046] The trigger 300 is connected to the blade housing 200.

[0047] The first detection element 400 is installed on the blade outer shell 200 and is used to detect wind speed.

[0048] Both the trigger 300 and the first detection element 400 are connected to the controller. When the wind speed is less than or equal to the first preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger 300 to trigger the blade shell 200 to extend. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to the second preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger 300 to trigger the blade shell 200 to retract.

[0049] Specifically, the support member 100 is the internal skeleton structure of the wind turbine blade 10, providing mechanical strength and bending stiffness to ensure the blade remains stable under wind load. The blade shell 200 is an aerodynamic shell covering the surface of the support member 100, which can directly affect the wind energy capture efficiency.

[0050] The trigger 300 is connected to the blade housing 200 and, under the command of the controller, triggers the blade housing 200 to deform, thereby extending or contracting the blade housing 200 and changing the aerodynamic shape of the blade. For example, the material of the blade housing 200 can be a stretchable or deformable material (such as a shape memory alloy or a smart composite material), and the trigger 300 can be an embedded heating element (such as a resistance wire) or an electromagnetic actuator for triggering the deformation of the blade housing 200.

[0051] The first detection element 400 can be a wind speed sensor installed on the blade housing 200, which monitors the local wind speed in real time and feeds it back to the controller. The controller receives the signal from the detection element and controls the trigger element 300 to act according to the preset wind speed threshold (first preset wind speed < normal wind speed < second preset wind speed), so as to realize the adaptive adjustment of the blade.

[0052] When the wind speed is less than or equal to the first preset wind speed (usually in a low wind speed environment), the controller controls the trigger 300 to trigger the blade shell 200 to extend, increasing the wind-receiving area of ​​the blade and improving the energy capture capability under low wind speed, which means improving the power generation efficiency under low wind speed.

[0053] When the wind speed is greater than or equal to the second preset wind speed (generally in strong wind or gale-force wind environments), the controller controls the trigger 300 to trigger the blade shell 200 to retract, reducing the wind-receiving area, reducing the blade load, avoiding structural damage or overspeed risk, enhancing safety at high wind speeds, and reducing downtime.

[0054] Thus, the wind turbine blade 10 provided in this application can detect wind speed and trigger the blade shell 200 to deform under different wind conditions to automatically adjust its aerodynamic characteristics. This allows it to adapt to the power generation needs under low wind speeds and meet the safety protection needs under strong winds, enabling the wind turbine to operate stably over a wider wind speed range. This improves the adaptability of the wind turbine to different wind conditions and is suitable for wind farms with high wind energy utilization requirements or frequent extreme weather events.

[0055] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the blade housing 200 has a mounting groove 210 on the side facing the support member 100, and the trigger member 300 is embedded in the mounting groove 210.

[0056] It should be noted that the mounting slot 210 provides installation space for the trigger 300, which can position and fix the trigger 300. The size of the mounting slot 210 is adapted to the trigger 300, which can accurately limit the installation position of the trigger 300 and prevent the trigger 300 from shifting or shaking when the blade is running or deforming.

[0057] It should also be noted that by embedding the trigger 300 within the mounting slot 210, no additional external or internal space is required on the blade, allowing the trigger 300 and the blade housing 200 to form a compact integrated structure, thereby optimizing the space layout. The mounting slot 210 allows the connection surface between the trigger 300 and the blade housing 200 to fit more closely, reducing wear and ensuring that the trigger 300 can quickly trigger the extension and retraction of the blade housing 200.

[0058] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the two walls of the mounting groove 210 are inclined, and the distance between the two walls gradually decreases from the bottom of the mounting groove 210 toward the opening of the mounting groove 210.

[0059] It should be noted that the inclined groove wall will exert a lateral clamping force on the trigger 300 embedded therein. During installation, the trigger 300 is inserted from the narrower groove opening and slides down the inclined groove wall to the bottom of the groove. The groove wall will automatically center and position the trigger 300 without the need for additional positioning fixtures for calibration. At the same time, when the blade rotates or the trigger 300 triggers the extension and retraction of the blade housing 200, the inclined groove wall will tightly abut against the trigger 300 from both sides, forming a reverse constraint force to prevent the trigger 300 from falling out of the groove opening.

[0060] When the trigger 300 triggers the extension and retraction of the blade housing 200, it generates axial thrust or tension. The inclined groove wall and the contact surface of the trigger 300 are inclined, which can convert part of the lateral force into pressure for auxiliary fixing. This contact method can increase the contact area between the trigger 300 and the groove wall, so that the trigger 300 can trigger the extension and retraction of the blade housing 200 more efficiently and improve the response speed of blade shape switching.

[0061] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple mounting slots 210, which are arranged at intervals along the length of the blade shell 200.

[0062] It should be noted that the trigger 300 in each mounting slot 210 can independently or collaboratively drive the corresponding section of the blade shell 200. Since the wind load varies at different lengths of the blade, for example, the wind speed at the blade tip is usually higher than that at the blade root, the segmented trigger 300 can specifically control the extension and retraction of each section of the blade shell 200, so that the blade can accurately adjust its shape under different wind speeds.

[0063] It should also be noted that the wind turbine blade 10 will be subjected to continuous wind stress, vibration and torsional force when it is in operation. Multiple spaced mounting slots 210 can distribute the connection points between the trigger 300 and the blade shell 200 along the blade length direction to avoid the force being concentrated at a single location.

[0064] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the blade shell 200 is a shape memory alloy shell.

[0065] It should be noted that shape memory alloys exhibit a deformable martensitic phase at low temperatures. When heated to the critical phase transformation value, they automatically recover their preset extended shape, enabling active adjustment of the blade geometry. In practical implementation, the material for the shape memory alloy shell can be a nickel-titanium alloy.

[0066] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the trigger element 300 is a resistance wire, which is used to heat the trigger blade housing 200 to extend.

[0067] Specifically, the resistance wire can generate heat quickly after being energized, and the heating power can be easily adjusted by the controller. It can accurately raise the temperature of the blade shell 200 to the critical temperature of phase transformation, triggering it to transform into the preset extension morphology (restoring the austenitic phase).

[0068] When the wind speed is lower than the first preset wind speed, the controller can quickly heat up the blade shell 200 and complete its extension by adjusting the current of the resistance wire, thereby increasing the wind-receiving area and improving power generation efficiency. Moreover, the heating temperature is controllable, which can avoid excessive deformation of the blade shell 200 due to excessive temperature, ensuring that the extension range meets the design requirements and adapts to the adjustment needs of different low wind speed scenarios.

[0069] When the wind speed is higher than the second preset wind speed, the controller shuts off the resistance wire, the temperature of the blade shell 200 decreases and it contracts, thereby reducing the wind-receiving area and reducing the blade load.

[0070] The resistance wire is small in size and simple in structure, and can be easily embedded in the mounting slot 210 without the need for additional complex mechanical drive components. Its heating drive method can be directly matched with the phase change characteristics of shape memory alloys, and can drive the shell movement without intermediate conversion mechanisms.

[0071] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple first detection elements 400, and these multiple first detection elements 400 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length direction of the blade shell 200.

[0072] Since the wind speed varies at different length positions of the blade (blade root, blade middle, and blade tip), multiple first detection elements 400 are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the length direction of the blade shell 200. Each first detection element 400 can capture the real-time wind speed at different positions, avoiding misjudgment of wind conditions caused by a single first detection element 400 only collecting local data.

[0073] In this way, the controller can adjust the extension and retraction of the blade shell in the corresponding section by 200° by combining wind speed data at different locations. At low wind speeds, the blade root area with lower wind speed is fully extended, while the blade tip area with higher wind speed maintains a reasonable shape, maximizing the overall wind-receiving area; at strong winds, the blade tip area with higher wind speed is retracted first to balance wind load and wind energy capture, avoiding local overload or wind energy waste.

[0074] Understandably, multiple first detection elements 400 form a redundant design. When a single first detection element 400 fails, the remaining first detection elements 400 can still work normally, avoiding blade adjustment failure due to detection interruption.

[0075] In some embodiments, the blade shell 200 has a leading edge 201, a trailing edge 202, a windward surface 203, and a leeward surface 204, and both the leading edge 201 and the windward surface 203 are provided with a first detection element 400.

[0076] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the wind turbine blade 10 also includes a second detection element 500, which is embedded in the blade shell 200 and is used to detect the internal strain of the blade shell 200.

[0077] The second detection element 500 is connected to the controller. When the internal strain is greater than or equal to the preset strain, the controller controls the trigger element 300 to trigger the blade shell 200 to contract.

[0078] Specifically, the second detection element 500 is embedded internally, which can directly and accurately capture the strain data of the blade, monitor the structural stress in real time, and detect the risk of abnormal strain. The second detection element 500 is connected to the controller. When the strain reaches the preset strain, it means that the blade has approached the structural tolerance limit. At this time, the controller promptly controls the trigger element 300 to trigger the blade shell 200 to retract, thereby reducing the windward load by changing the blade shape, upgrading from passive monitoring to active protection.

[0079] It should be noted that when the wind speed is less than or equal to the first preset wind speed, the internal strain of the blade outer shell 200 is less than the preset strain. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to the second preset wind speed, the internal strain of the blade outer shell 200 is greater than or equal to the preset strain.

[0080] When the wind speed is greater than the first preset wind speed but less than the second preset wind speed, if the internal strain of the blade shell 200 is greater than or equal to the preset strain, the controller controls the trigger 300 to trigger the blade shell 200 to contract. That is, when the wind speed has not reached the second preset wind speed but the internal strain has exceeded the limit, the controller should prioritize handling the strain.

[0081] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first detection element 400 is a wind speed sensor, and the second detection element 500 is a strain sensor.

[0082] It should be noted that the wind speed sensor has high measurement accuracy, can capture wind speeds over a wide range, and is suitable for all scenarios of wind power development, from startup to extreme wind conditions, with small data errors. Moreover, it has a fast response speed, and can promptly capture instantaneous changes in wind conditions such as turbulence and gusts, avoiding untimely adjustments caused by lag in wind speed monitoring.

[0083] The strain sensor provides direct measurement, embedded within the blade casing 200. It bypasses intermediate steps such as wind speed conversion, directly sensing structural stress and avoiding errors in stress assessment caused by external wind conditions. Moreover, its high sensitivity allows it to capture minute strain changes, providing early warnings of latent stress risks and preventing irreversible damage caused by strain accumulation.

[0084] Reference Figure 3 As shown, this application also provides a wind turbine generator set, including wind turbine blades 10.

[0085] The wind turbine generator set also includes a tower 20 and a nacelle 30. The nacelle 30 is mounted on the tower 20, and a hub is located at the front end of the nacelle 30. The nacelle 30 contains a generator and a gearbox, and the hub is connected to the gearbox. The wind turbine blades 10 are mounted on the hub. When the wind blows, the wind turbine blades 10 rotate, which in turn drives the hub to rotate. The gearbox increases the rotational speed and drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0086] The specific structure and operation of the wind turbine blade 10 have been described in detail in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] Those skilled in the art will understand that the wind turbine blade 10 and wind turbine generator set provided in this application include a support member 100, a blade shell 200, a trigger member 300, a first detection member 400, and a controller. The blade shell 200 covers the surface of the support member 100. The trigger member 300 is connected to the blade shell 200. The first detection member 400 is disposed on the blade shell 200 and is used to detect wind speed. Both the trigger member 300 and the first detection member 400 are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0088] When the wind speed is less than or equal to a first preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger 300 to extend the blade shell 200, thereby increasing the blade's wind-receiving area and improving its energy capture capability at low wind speeds. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to a second preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger 300 to retract the blade shell 200, thereby reducing the wind-receiving area, lowering the blade load, and preventing structural damage. Thus, the wind turbine blades and wind turbine generator sets provided in this application allow the wind turbine blades to deform under different wind conditions to automatically adjust their aerodynamic characteristics, adapting to both power generation needs at low wind speeds and safety requirements under strong winds.

[0089] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0090] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0091] The technical solutions of this application have been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of this application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of this application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A wind turbine blade, characterized in that, include: Support component (100); Blade casing (200), the blade casing (200) covering the surface of the support (100); A trigger (300) is connected to the blade housing (200); A first detection element (400) is disposed on the blade outer shell (200) and is used to detect wind speed. The controller is connected in communication with both the trigger (300) and the first detection element (400). When the wind speed is less than or equal to the first preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger (300) to trigger the blade shell (200) to extend. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to the second preset wind speed, the controller controls the trigger (300) to trigger the blade shell (200) to retract.

2. The wind turbine blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade shell (200) has a mounting groove (210) on the side facing the support (100), and the trigger (300) is embedded in the mounting groove (210).

3. The wind turbine blade according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two walls of the mounting groove (210) are inclined, and the distance between the two walls gradually decreases from the bottom of the mounting groove (210) toward the opening of the mounting groove (210).

4. The wind turbine blade according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of mounting slots (210) is multiple, and the multiple mounting slots (210) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length direction of the blade shell (200).

5. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The blade shell (200) is a shape memory alloy shell.

6. The wind turbine blade according to claim 5, characterized in that, The trigger (300) is a resistance wire, which is used to heat and trigger the extension of the blade shell (200).

7. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The number of the first detection element (400) is multiple, and the multiple first detection elements (400) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the blade shell (200).

8. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a second detection element (500), which is embedded in the blade housing (200) and is used to detect the internal strain of the blade housing (200); The second detection element (500) is communicatively connected to the controller. When the internal strain is greater than or equal to the preset strain, the controller controls the trigger element (300) to trigger the contraction of the blade shell (200).

9. The wind turbine blade according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first detection element (400) is a wind speed sensor, and the second detection element (500) is a strain sensor.

10. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, Including the wind turbine blade (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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