A spiral mud pump

Abstract

A spiral mud pump includes a vortex chamber, a pump shaft, a packing frame, a back blade, and an impeller. The vortex chamber is spirally expanded around the center of the pump shaft. One end of the pump shaft passes through the packing frame and finally through the back blade. The impeller is connected to the other end of the pump shaft. The impeller extends axially along the pump shaft in a continuously twisted shape, and the radius of the impeller gradually increases from the mud inlet end to the mud outlet end, forming a continuous spiral flow channel. The non-working area end face of the impeller is provided with a first weight-reducing groove and a second weight-reducing groove. The back blade is tightly fitted to the non-working area end face of the impeller. By tightly installing the back blade on the side of the impeller with the weight-reducing groove, solid particles are blocked outside the weight-reducing groove by the back blade, avoiding wear of the weight-reducing groove. Solid particles cannot be embedded in the groove, and the original mass distribution of the impeller will not be changed due to solid particles embedding in the weight-reducing groove, thus preventing the impeller from failing to maintain dynamic balance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of centrifugal pumps, specifically relating to a spiral mud pump. Background Technology

[0002] Spiral mud pumps are used to transport solid-liquid two-phase fluids such as mud. To prevent solid substances from clogging and to ensure smooth flow, the impeller has a twisted spiral blade that extends axially from the suction hole on the conical hub. The radius of the blade is increased, creating a spiral propulsion effect. The impeller in the volute section generates centrifugal force like a typical centrifugal pump. The acute angle of the blade inlet guides debris to the vicinity of the shaft, and then the spiral force propels it axially.

[0003] The spiral centrifugal pump disclosed in reference application number CN201220531713.7 includes a pump body, a mechanical seal, a motor housing, a water-cooled motor, and a power output end of the water-cooled motor connected to a heavy-duty bearing. The heavy-duty bearing is connected to a spiral impeller installed in the pump body via a stainless steel shaft. An adjustable wear-resistant bushing is fixed in the pump body by an adjusting bushing bolt installed on the pump body. This technical solution effectively alleviates the suction port blockage by setting a spiral impeller with a reverse thread groove on the back in the pump body, and completely solves the problem that the impeller is easily entangled by debris during pump operation, which can lead to motor burnout.

[0004] However, in this technical solution, the weight reduction groove used to balance the impeller is exposed on the outer impeller end face. This means that when the spiral centrifugal pump is pumping solid-liquid two-phase fluid, solid particles will directly impact the groove opening and groove wall under the action of centrifugal force, which will accelerate the wear rate of the weight reduction groove. At the same time, solid particles are easy to embed in the groove, changing the original mass distribution of the impeller, resulting in dynamic balance failure and requiring frequent shutdowns for maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome at least some of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a spiral mud pump.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: A spiral mud pump includes a vortex chamber, a pump shaft, a packing frame, a back blade, and an impeller. The vortex chamber is spirally expanded around the center of the pump shaft. One end of the pump shaft passes through the packing frame and finally through the back blade. The impeller is connected to the other end of the pump shaft. The impeller extends axially along the pump shaft in a continuously twisted shape, and the radius of the impeller gradually increases from the mud inlet end to the mud outlet end, forming a continuous spiral flow channel. The non-working area end face of the impeller is provided with a first weight reduction groove and a second weight reduction groove. The back blade closely fits the non-working area end face of the impeller.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a front cover, a rear cover, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first bearing cover, a second bearing cover, a bushing, packing, a packing gland, a water seal ring, a bracket, and a pulley. One end of the vortex chamber is connected to the front cover. The impeller chamber is formed by the inner wall of the vortex chamber, the inner wall of the front cover, and the wall of the packing frame. The rear cover is a hollow through-hole structure, and its inner wall is provided with a first bearing groove and a second bearing groove sequentially along the pump shaft axis. The first bearing is installed in the first bearing groove, and the second bearing is installed in the second bearing groove. The first bearing cover is fixed to the rear cover, and the second bearing cover is fixed to the rear cover. The rear cover is fixed, and the outer wall end face of the rear cover is connected to the packing frame to form a sealed packing chamber. The bushing is coaxially installed between the packing frame and the pump shaft, with its inner wall tightly fitted to the pump shaft and its outer wall in contact with the inner wall of the packing frame and the packing respectively. The packing gland is connected to the end face of the packing frame. The water seal ring is installed in the packing chamber along the outer side of the pump shaft. The ring wall of the packing frame is evenly provided with several water passage holes. The bracket is fixed on the outer wall of the rear cover, and the bottom of the bracket is provided with several evenly distributed mounting holes. The pulley is fixed at the end of the pump shaft located outside the pump body.

[0008] Furthermore, the spiral endpoint of the vortex chamber is integrally formed with a horn-shaped outlet horn. The outlet horn adopts a gradually expanding diameter structure design, with its small diameter end communicating with the vortex chamber and its large diameter end extending to the outside of the pump body in a direction away from the vortex chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the edges of the openings of the first and second weight-reducing grooves are rounded.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the rear cover between the first bearing groove and the second bearing groove is a straight planar outer wall, and the outer wall of the rear cover on the side of the second bearing groove away from the first bearing groove has a convex arc-shaped structure.

[0011] Furthermore, an adjusting paper pad is added at the connection between the rear cover and the packing frame.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by tightly installing the back blades on the side of the impeller with the weight reduction groove, the solid particles in the solid-liquid two-phase liquid are blocked outside the weight reduction groove by the back blades, so that the solid particles cannot directly wear into the weight reduction groove, thereby avoiding wear of the weight reduction groove. At the same time, the solid particles cannot be embedded in the groove, so that the mud pump will not change the original mass distribution of the impeller due to the solid particles being embedded in the weight reduction groove when it is working continuously, thus preventing dynamic balance failure. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a spiral mud pump used in this implementation.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller in this embodiment;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the packing frame in this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back cover in this embodiment;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a front view of the spiral mud pump in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inside, outside, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial, etc.), these directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment discloses a spiral mud pump including a vortex chamber 1, a pump shaft 2, a packing frame 3, back blades 4, an impeller 5, a front cover 6, a rear cover 7, a first bearing 8, a second bearing 9, a first bearing cover 10, a second bearing cover 11, a shaft sleeve 12, packing 13, a packing gland 14, a water seal ring 15, a bracket 16, and a pulley 17. The vortex chamber 1 is spirally expanded around the center of the pump shaft 2. The spiral endpoint of the vortex chamber 1 has an integrally formed trumpet-shaped outlet horn 101 for discharging mud from the pump body. The pump shaft... 2. The impeller is installed horizontally through the pump body, with one end of the impeller blade 4 penetrating through it. The impeller 5 is fastened to the other end of the pump shaft 2 by countersunk bolts. The impeller 5 adopts a spiral centrifugal integrated structure design. Its blades are continuously twisted and extend axially along the pump shaft 2. The blade radius gradually increases from the mud inlet end to the outlet end, forming a continuous spiral flow channel. This flow channel can guide the mud to spirally advance along the axial direction. At the same time, centrifugal force is used to pressurize the mud. The spiral structure can effectively prevent solid particles in the mud from accumulating and clogging in the flow channel, making it suitable for high solids content mud transportation scenarios. To achieve dynamic balance when the impeller 5 rotates at high speed and reduce its overall weight to lessen the load on the pump shaft 2, a first weight-reducing groove 51 and a second weight-reducing groove 52 are provided on the non-working area of ​​the impeller 5, on the end face of the hub away from the blades. After determining the weight distribution deviation of the impeller 5 through dynamic balance testing, the first weight-reducing groove 51 is opened on the heavier side of the impeller 5, and the second weight-reducing groove 52 is opened on the lighter side of the impeller 5. The volume of the first weight-reducing groove 51 is larger than that of the second weight-reducing groove 52. By removing more material from the heavier side and less material from the lighter side, the mass distribution of the impeller 5 is directly balanced without the need for additional counterweights. This simplifies the structure and avoids the risk of counterweights falling off. It is worth noting that the second weight-reducing groove 52 mainly plays an auxiliary balancing role. If the first weight-reducing groove 52 is used to reduce the weight distribution of the impeller 5, the weight distribution of the impeller 5 is reduced. The weight-reducing groove 51 achieves dynamic balance of the impeller 5, eliminating the need for additional machining of the second weight-reducing groove 52. Simultaneously, it reduces the rotational inertia of the impeller 5, lowers the impact load on the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9, and extends the service life of the transmission system. The back blade 4 is connected to the pump shaft 2 via a flat key. The back blade 4 closely fits the non-working area end face of the impeller 5, forming a closed space between the first weight-reducing groove 51 and the second weight-reducing groove 52. During operation, external solid particles cannot directly impact the groove opening and wall under centrifugal force, nor can they embed themselves in the groove. This avoids altering the original mass distribution of the impeller 5 during operation, preventing frequent shutdowns for maintenance. Furthermore, when rotating synchronously with the pump shaft 2, it balances the axial thrust generated by the rotation of the impeller 5, reducing the axial load on the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9.

[0020] In this embodiment, one end of the vortex chamber 1 is bolted to the front cover 6, and the other end is bolted to the packing frame 3. The inner wall of the vortex chamber 1, the inner wall of the front cover 6, and the wall of the packing frame 3 together form an impeller chamber 18. This impeller chamber 18 provides a spiral propulsion channel and centrifugal pressurization space for the mud, ensuring that the mud completes the efficient conversion of kinetic energy into pressure energy through the action of the impeller 5 within the chamber. The bolted connection method allows the front cover 6, packing frame 3, and vortex chamber 1 to be disassembled and assembled, enabling the individual disassembly and replacement of easily worn parts such as the impeller 5 and vortex chamber 1 during later maintenance, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0021] In this embodiment, the rear cover 7 is a hollow through-hole structure. Its inner wall is provided with a first bearing groove 71 and a second bearing groove 72 in sequence along the axial direction of the pump shaft 2. The first bearing groove 71 is used to install the first bearing 8, and the second bearing groove 72 is used to install the second bearing 9. The first bearing cover 10 is fixed to the rear cover 7 by bolts, and the second bearing cover 11 is fixed to the rear cover 7 by bolts. It is used to axially limit the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 to prevent the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 from axially moving during the rotation of the pump shaft 2. The first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 form a bidirectional support structure to jointly achieve radial positioning of the pump shaft 2, effectively avoiding radial movement or vibration when the pump shaft 2 rotates at high speed, and ensuring transmission stability.

[0022] In this embodiment, the packing frame 3 is bolted to the outer wall end face of the rear cover 7, forming a sealed packing chamber 19. The bushing 12 is coaxially installed between the packing frame 3 and the pump shaft 2. The bushing 12 is made of wear-resistant alloy material, and its inner wall is interference-fitted with the pump shaft 2 to achieve a tight fit. Its outer wall contacts the inner wall of the packing frame 3 and the packing 13. The bushing 12 can directly bear the clamping force and friction of the packing 13, avoiding direct wear of the pump shaft 2. In later maintenance, only the bushing 12 needs to be disassembled and replaced, without the need for further maintenance. Replacing the entire pump shaft 2 significantly reduces maintenance costs and extends the service life of the pump shaft 2. The packing 13 is made of flexible graphite or wear-resistant rubber material and is filled between the packing gland 14 and the packing frame 3. It is used to fill the gap between the pump shaft 2 and the inner wall of the packing frame 3 to achieve dynamic sealing. The packing gland 14 is connected to the end face of the packing frame 3 by bolts. The tightness of the bolts can be adjusted to control the compression degree of the packing 13. While ensuring the sealing effect, it avoids excessive compression of the packing 13, which may lead to increased wear of the pump shaft 2 or increased transmission resistance.

[0023] In this embodiment, a water seal ring 15 is installed inside the packing chamber 19 along the outer side of the pump shaft 2. The packing frame 3 has water passage holes 31 evenly distributed around its circumference. One end of the water passage hole 31 is connected to an external low-pressure sealing water system through a water pipe, and the other end is connected to the inner chamber of the water seal ring 15. After the sealing water enters the water seal ring 15 through the water passage hole 31, a continuous liquid film sealing layer is formed between the water seal ring 15 and the pump shaft 2. This not only enhances the sealing effect of the packing chamber 19 and prevents mud leakage, but also cools the packing 13 and prevents the packing 13 from aging and failing due to heat generated by friction with the pump shaft 2.

[0024] In this embodiment, the bracket 16 is fixed to the bottom outer wall of the rear cover 7 by welding or bolting. The bottom of the bracket 16 is provided with several evenly distributed mounting holes 161, which can be used to fix the entire pump body to the external concrete by anchor bolts, ensuring the structural stability of the pump body during operation and reducing vibration transmission.

[0025] In this embodiment, the pulley 17 is fixed to one end of the pump shaft 2 located outside the pump body by a flat key connection. The groove size of the pulley 17 corresponds to the groove of the output wheel of the drive motor. It can be connected to the drive motor through a V-shaped transmission belt to achieve efficient power transmission, provide stable rotational power for the pump shaft 2, and meet the speed requirements of the mud pump under different working conditions.

[0026] Preferably, the spiral end of the vortex chamber 1 is integrally formed with a horn-shaped outlet horn 101 to discharge mud into the pump body. The outlet horn 101 adopts a gradually expanding diameter structure design, with its small diameter end connected to the vortex chamber 1 and its large diameter end extending to the outside of the pump body in a direction away from the vortex chamber 1 to connect to the external conveying pipeline. The expansion diameter structure reduces the flow velocity of mud output and reduces the flow resistance and wear in the pipeline.

[0027] Preferably, the edges of the first weight-reducing groove 51 and the second weight-reducing groove 52 are rounded to avoid stress concentration that could cause cracks in the impeller 5 under high-pressure slurry conditions, and without affecting the wear resistance and structural strength of the impeller 5.

[0028] Preferably, the outer wall of the rear cover 7 between the first bearing groove 71 and the second bearing groove 72 is a straight planar outer wall. This straight outer wall provides a flat installation reference surface, which facilitates the fitting and fixing of the first bearing cover 10 and the second bearing cover 11, and ensures the coaxiality of the first bearing cover 10 and the second bearing cover 11 with the pump shaft 2 respectively. The outer wall of the rear cover 7 on the side of the second bearing groove 72 away from the first bearing groove 71 has a convex arc structure. The convex arc design can enhance the structural strength of the outer wall of the rear cover 7 without increasing the radial dimension of the rear cover 7, and at the same time reserve sufficient space for the installation of the packing frame 3 to avoid interference between components.

[0029] Preferably, an adjusting paper pad 20 is added at the connection between the rear cover 7 and the packing frame 3. The adjusting paper pad 20 can compensate for deviations that occur between the rear cover 7 and the packing frame 3 during processing. After long-term operation, the wear of the components of the rear cover 7 and the packing frame 3 can be directly maintained by replacing the adjusting paper pad 20 or fine-tuning the adjusting paper pad 20 to maintain tightness. In addition, the adjusting paper pad 20 can fill the connection gap, prevent fluid leakage in the packing chamber 19, and improve the overall sealing performance.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Any technical solution that achieves the purpose of the present utility model by essentially the same means shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A spiral mud pump, characterized in that: The impeller includes a vortex chamber (1), a pump shaft (2), a packing frame (3), a back blade (4), and an impeller (5). The packing frame (3) is installed on the end face of the vortex chamber (1). The vortex chamber (1) has a cavity inside. The impeller (5) is located in the cavity of the vortex chamber (1). The impeller (5) extends axially along the pump shaft (2) in a spiral shape. The radius of the impeller (5) gradually increases from the mud inlet end to the mud outlet end, forming a continuous spiral flow channel. The non-working area end face of the impeller (5) is provided with a first weight reduction groove (51) and a second weight reduction groove (52). The impeller (5) is installed at one end of the pump shaft (2). The other end of the pump shaft (2) extends outward through the back blade (4) and the packing frame (3) in sequence. The back blade (4) is fixed together with the impeller (5). The back blade (4) is tightly fitted to the non-working area end face of the impeller (5).

2. A spiral mud pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a front cover (6), a rear cover (7), a first bearing (8), a second bearing (9), a first bearing cover (10), a second bearing cover (11), a bushing (12), packing (13), a packing gland (14), a water seal ring (15), a bracket (16), and a pulley (17). One end of the vortex chamber (1) is connected to the front cover (6). The inner wall of the vortex chamber (1), the inner wall of the front cover (6), and the wall of the packing frame (3) together form an impeller chamber (18). The rear cover (7) is a hollow through-hole structure. Its inner wall is provided with a first bearing groove (71) and a second bearing groove (72) in sequence along the axial direction of the pump shaft (2). The first bearing (8) is installed in the first bearing groove (71), and the second bearing (9) is installed in the second bearing groove (72). The first bearing cover (10) is fixed to the rear cover (7). The second shaft... The cover (11) is fixed to the rear cover (7). The outer wall end face of the rear cover (7) is connected to the packing frame (3) to form a sealed packing chamber (19). The bushing (12) is coaxially installed between the packing frame (3) and the pump shaft (2). Its inner wall is tightly fitted to the pump shaft (2), and its outer wall is in contact with the inner wall of the packing frame (3) and the packing (13) respectively. The packing gland (14) is connected to the end face of the packing frame (3). The water seal ring (15) is installed in the packing chamber (19) along the outer side of the pump shaft (2). The packing frame (3) has several water passage holes (31) evenly opened around its circumference. The bracket (16) is fixed on the outer wall of the rear cover (7). The bottom of the bracket (16) has several evenly distributed mounting holes (161). The pulley (17) is fixed to one end of the pump shaft (2) located outside the pump body.

3. A spiral mud pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral end of the vortex chamber (1) is integrally formed with a horn-shaped outlet horn (101) on the outside. The outlet horn (101) adopts a gradually expanding diameter structure. Its small diameter end is connected to the vortex chamber (1), and its large diameter end extends to the outside of the pump body in a direction away from the vortex chamber (1).

4. A spiral mud pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the first weight-reducing groove (51) and the second weight-reducing groove (52) are rounded.

5. A spiral mud pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the back cover (7) between the first bearing groove (71) and the second bearing groove (72) is a straight planar outer wall, and the outer wall of the back cover (7) on the side of the second bearing groove (72) away from the first bearing groove (71) is a convex arc structure.

6. A spiral mud pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: An adjusting paper pad (20) is added at the connection between the rear cover (7) and the packing frame (3).

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