Brakes, braking systems and mechanical systems

Abstract

This application provides a brake, a braking system, and a mechanical system. The brake includes: a brake body, rotatably disposed, comprising a first rotating body and a second rotating body, the first rotating body and the second rotating body being connected side-by-side along an axial direction; and a braking mechanism, non-rotatably disposed, comprising a first cover and a second cover, the first cover and the second cover respectively fitting outside the first rotating body and the second rotating body, the inner surface shapes of the first cover and the second cover respectively conforming to the outer surface shapes of the first rotating body and the second rotating body, and the first cover and the second cover being movable in opposite directions along the axial direction to switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first cover and the second cover are close to each other and rub against the first rotating body and the second rotating body respectively, preventing the brake body from rotating; in the second state, the first cover and the second cover are far apart from each other, releasing the friction against the first rotating body and the second rotating body. This improves braking efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of braking technology, and in particular to a brake, braking system and mechanical system. Background Technology

[0002] Brakes (also known as braking devices) are widely used in mechanical systems such as vehicles to stop moving parts such as wheels. Common brakes are generally divided into two types: disc brakes and drum brakes. Disc brakes use friction between the friction pads on both sides of the brake disc and the brake disc to achieve braking; while drum brakes use friction between the brake shoes located inside the brake drum and the brake drum to achieve braking.

[0003] However, both disc brakes and drum brakes suffer from low braking efficiency, and therefore need to be improved.

[0004] The above statements are for the purpose of providing background information in relation to this application only, and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] One of the technical problems that this application aims to solve is: improving braking efficiency.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a brake, comprising:

[0007] A braking body, rotatably configured, includes a first rotating body and a second rotating body, the first rotating body and the second rotating body being connected side-by-side along an axial direction; and

[0008] The braking mechanism is non-rotatably configured and includes a first cover and a second cover, which are respectively fitted over the outside of a first rotating body and a second rotating body. The inner surface shapes of the first cover and the second cover are consistent with the outer surface shapes of the first rotating body and the second rotating body, respectively. The first cover and the second cover can move in opposite directions along the axial direction to switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first cover and the second cover approach each other and rub against the first rotating body and the second rotating body, respectively, to prevent the braking body from rotating. In the second state, the first cover and the second cover move away from each other and release the friction against the first rotating body and the second rotating body.

[0009] In some embodiments, the brake further includes a drive mechanism disposed on the side of the first cover away from the second cover and drivenly connected to both the first and second covers to drive the first and second covers to move in opposite directions along the axial direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a driving member, which has a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a third connecting portion. The first connecting portion is connected to a first cover, and the second and third connecting portions are located on opposite sides of the first connecting portion and are both connected to the second cover.

[0011] The first connecting part moves in opposite directions along the axial direction to the second connecting part, and moves in the same direction along the axial direction as the third connecting part. The third connecting part is connected to the second cover by an actuator that applies opposite forces along the axial direction to the third connecting part and the second cover, so that the driving member drives the first cover and the second cover to move in opposite directions along the axial direction under the action of the actuator; or...

[0012] The first connecting part, the second connecting part, and the third connecting part move in the same direction along the axial direction, and the first connecting part is connected to the first cover by an actuator that applies a reverse force along the axial direction to the first connecting part and the first cover, so that the driving member drives the first cover and the second cover to move in opposite directions along the axial direction under the action of the actuator.

[0013] In some embodiments, the drive member has only one first connecting part, which is located on the central axis of the first cover; or, the drive member has multiple first connecting parts, which are located on both sides of the central axis of the first cover.

[0014] In some embodiments, the portion of the drive member located between the first connecting portion and the third connecting portion for connection with the actuator is inclined toward the side away from the first rotating body along the direction from the first connecting portion to the third connecting portion; and / or, the drive member is annular or rod-shaped.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first cover is provided with a first arm, the first arm protruding from the first cover toward the drive member, and the first cover is connected to the first connecting portion through the first arm; and / or, the second cover is provided with a second arm and a third arm, both the second arm and the third arm protruding from the second cover toward the drive member, and the second cover is connected to the second connecting portion and the third connecting portion through the second arm and the third arm, respectively.

[0016] In some embodiments, the brake further includes a sleeve, which is fixedly disposed and sleeved outside the first cover and the second cover to restrict the rotation of the first cover and the second cover.

[0017] In some embodiments, the drive member is disposed on the outside of the sleeve, wherein: a first arm is provided on the first cover, the first arm protrudes from the first cover toward the drive member and passes through the sleeve, and is connected to the first connecting portion; and / or, a second arm and a third arm are provided on the second cover, both the second arm and the third arm protruding from the second cover toward the drive member and passing through the sleeve, and are respectively connected to the second connecting portion and the third connecting portion.

[0018] In some embodiments, the inner surface of the sleeve is provided with one of a groove and a protrusion, and the outer surface of the first cover and / or the second cover is provided with the other of a groove and a protrusion, with the protrusion embedded in the groove.

[0019] In some embodiments, the end of the sleeve away from the drive member is open, and the brake also includes a retaining ring disposed inside the sleeve and located on the side of the second cover away from the first cover to stop the second cover.

[0020] In some embodiments, the brake is configured as at least one of the following:

[0021] The first and / or second cover are provided with a chamber for containing cooling fluid for cooling.

[0022] The brake body has a central hole for the shaft to pass through;

[0023] The outer surface of the first rotating body and the inner surface of the first cover are conical surfaces;

[0024] The outer surface of the second rotating body and the inner surface of the second cover are conical surfaces;

[0025] The first rotating body and / or the second rotating body include a brake body and a friction element disposed outside the brake body;

[0026] The first cover and / or the second cover includes a cover body and a friction element disposed inside the cover body.

[0027] In some embodiments, the friction element of the first rotating body and / or the second rotating body is detachably connected to the brake body; and / or, the friction element of the first cover and / or the second cover is detachably connected to the cover body; and / or, the friction element is made of a heat-insulating material.

[0028] In addition, this application also provides a braking system including an actuator and a brake as in any embodiment, wherein the actuator is drivenly connected to the braking mechanism of the brake to drive the first cover and the second cover of the braking mechanism to move in opposite directions along the axial direction.

[0029] In some embodiments, the actuator includes a brake caliper.

[0030] In addition, this application also provides a mechanical system including a braked member, and further includes a braking system according to any embodiment, wherein the brake of the braking system brakes the braked member.

[0031] In some embodiments, the braked component includes a traveling wheel, and a brake applies braking force to the wheel.

[0032] By setting up a first rotating body and a second rotating body connected side by side along the axial direction, and by covering the first rotating body and the second rotating body with a first cover and a second cover that can move axially, the braking can be fully achieved by utilizing the action of the first cover on the entire circumferential surface of the first rotating body and the second cover on the entire circumferential surface of the second rotating body. This can effectively increase the braking area, shorten the braking time, and improve the braking efficiency.

[0033] Other features and advantages of this application will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the brake in the first embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the brake in the first embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the brake in its first state according to the first embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the brake in the second state in the first embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the brake in the second embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 6 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the brake in the second embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the brake in the first state according to the second embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the brake in a second state according to the second embodiment of this application.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0044] 10. Brake;

[0045] 1. Brake body; 11. First rotating body; 12. Second rotating body; 13. Shaft; 14. Center hole; 15. Brake body; 16. Friction component; 17. Mounting hole; 18. Connecting component;

[0046] 2. Braking mechanism; 21. First cover; 22. Second cover; 23. First arm; 24. Second arm; 25. Third arm; 26. Protrusion; 27. Slot; 29. ​​Cover body;

[0047] 3. Sleeve; 31. Groove; 32. Through hole; 33. Fixing hole; 34. Fixing groove;

[0048] 4. Drive mechanism; 40. Drive component; 41. First connecting part; 42. Second connecting part; 43. Third connecting part; 44. Connecting hole; 45. Support arm; 47. Mounting base; 48. Connecting base;

[0049] 5. Retaining ring;

[0050] 6. Actuating component; 61. Brake caliper; 62. Push rod; 63. Cylinder body; Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use.

[0052] In the description of this application, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0054] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0055] Analysis revealed that a key reason for the low braking efficiency of disc and drum brakes is that both rely on partial contact friction between the friction components (friction pads and brake shoes) and the components being rubbed (brake disc and brake drum) for braking. The small contact area necessitates greater force and a longer braking time, resulting in lower braking efficiency.

[0056] In view of the above, this application provides a brake, a braking system, and a mechanical system to improve braking efficiency.

[0057] Figures 1-8The structure of the brake in this application is illustrated by way of example.

[0058] See Figures 1-8 In this application, the brake 10 includes a brake body 1 and a brake mechanism 2. The brake body 1 is rotatably disposed and includes a first rotating body 11 and a second rotating body 12, which are connected side-by-side along the axial direction. The brake mechanism 2 is non-rotatably disposed and includes a first cover 21 and a second cover 22, which are respectively fitted over the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. The inner surface shapes of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are respectively consistent with the outer surface shapes of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, and the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can move in opposite directions along the axial direction to switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 approach each other and rub against the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 respectively, preventing the brake body 1 from rotating. In the second state, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 move away from each other, releasing the friction against the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12.

[0059] Based on the above configuration, the brake 10 is no longer a disc or drum brake. It no longer uses friction between the friction pads and the brake disc or between the brake shoes and the brake drum for braking. Instead, it uses friction between the first cover 21 and the first rotating body 11, and between the second cover 22 and the second rotating body 12 for braking. Since both the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 are rotating bodies, and the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are respectively fitted outside the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, and they contact each other through surfaces with the same shape, during braking, the non-rotating first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can respectively press against the entire circumferential surface (i.e., the surface between the two ends in the axial direction) of the rotating first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, applying frictional force to the entire circumferential surface of the rotating first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. Unlike disc and drum brakes, which only apply frictional force to part of the circumferential surface of the rotating brake disc or brake drum, the effective area is larger, which can reduce the force, shorten the braking time, and improve the braking efficiency.

[0060] The braking method described above, which applies force to the entire circumferential surface of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, can be called a full braking method (or full braking method, or simply full braking). This full braking method not only improves braking efficiency, but also, due to the large braking area, makes it less likely to accidentally release the brake after braking. Therefore, it can also improve braking reliability and achieve a safer and more reliable braking effect.

[0061] In addition, since the entire circumferential surface of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 is subjected to force during full braking, the force is more uniform and will not deform abnormally due to localized force. Therefore, it is also beneficial to reduce deformation, improve structural reliability, and extend service life.

[0062] It can be seen that by setting up a first rotating body 11 and a second rotating body 12 connected side by side along the axial direction, and by sleeved an axially movable first cover 21 and a second cover 22 on the outside of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, the action of the first cover 21 on the entire circumferential surface of the first rotating body 11 and the second cover 22 on the entire circumferential surface of the second rotating body 12 can be used to perform comprehensive braking, which can effectively improve braking efficiency, braking reliability and structural reliability.

[0063] The shapes of the outer surface of the first rotating body 11 and the inner surface of the first cover 21, as well as the shapes of the outer surface of the second rotating body 12 and the inner surface of the second cover 22, are not limited and can adopt various shapes.

[0064] For example, see Figures 1-8 In some embodiments, both the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 are conical, and correspondingly, the inner surfaces of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are conical surfaces. In this case, the outer surface of the first rotating body 11 and the inner surface of the first cover 21 are conical surfaces, and they are engaged with each other through conical surfaces. Similarly, the outer surface of the second rotating body 12 and the inner surface of the second cover 22 are also conical surfaces, and they are also engaged with each other through conical surfaces.

[0065] Since the inner surface of the first cover 21 and the outer surface of the first rotating body 11, as well as the inner surface of the second cover 22 and the outer surface of the second rotating body 12, have the same shape, during braking, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can press against the entire circumferential surface of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 respectively, applying frictional force to the entire circumferential surface of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. Therefore, comprehensive braking can be performed, effectively improving braking efficiency, braking reliability and structural reliability.

[0066] Moreover, since the first rotating body 11 and the first cover 21, as well as the second rotating body 12 and the second cover 22, are engaged with each other through conical surfaces rather than other shapes, and the taper of the conical surface itself can provide resistance to rotation while providing inward pressing force, further assisting braking, it is beneficial to further improve braking efficiency and braking reliability.

[0067] Furthermore, since the first rotating body 11 and the first cover 21, as well as the second rotating body 12 and the second cover 22, are engaged with each other through conical surfaces, the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, which are arranged opposite each other along the axial direction, can mutually assist in braking, thereby achieving a better braking effect. This is more conducive to improving braking efficiency and reliability, and enhancing braking performance compared to the situation where only the first rotating body 11 and the first cover 21 are engaged with each other through conical surfaces, while the second rotating body 12 and the second cover 22 are engaged with each other through surfaces other than conical surfaces, or the situation where only the second rotating body 12 and the second cover 22 are engaged with each other through conical surfaces, while the first rotating body 11 and the first cover 21 are engaged with each other through surfaces other than conical surfaces.

[0068] In addition, the fact that the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 have the same shape helps to reduce the difficulty of processing and improve the stability and aesthetics of the overall structure.

[0069] It is evident that setting at least one of the first rotating body 11 and the first cover 21, as well as the second rotating body 12 and the second cover 22, to be connected by a conical surface is beneficial to further improve braking efficiency and braking reliability, and improve braking effect. In particular, when the first rotating body 11 and the first cover 21, and the second rotating body 12 and the second cover 22 are both connected by a conical surface, it is even more beneficial to improve braking efficiency and braking reliability, and improve braking effect.

[0070] To further improve the performance of brake 10, see Figures 2-8 In some embodiments, at least one of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 includes a brake body 15 and a friction element 16 disposed outside the brake body 15; and / or, at least one of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 includes a cover body 29 and a friction element 16 disposed inside the cover body 29.

[0071] In the above configuration, at least one of the first rotating body 11, the second rotating body 12, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 includes a friction element 16, and contact friction is performed through the friction element 16. Since the friction element 16 is made of friction material and has good wear resistance, the setting of the friction element 16 can achieve better friction braking effect and more effectively improve braking efficiency and braking reliability.

[0072] Moreover, the friction element 16 prevents direct friction between the main body (i.e., the brake body 15 and the cover body 29), reduces wear on the main body, and protects the main body. Therefore, it also helps to extend the service life of the main body, improve the overall structural reliability of the brake 10, and extend the overall life of the brake 10.

[0073] In addition, the friction element 16 also serves as a heat insulation component, reducing the adverse effects of heat generated during friction braking on the brake body and preventing damage to the brake body due to excessive temperature, thereby improving the overall structural reliability of the brake 10. Moreover, since the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 are usually connected to the braked component (e.g., the wheel) and rotate under the drive of the braked component, when at least one of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 includes the friction element 16, the friction element 16 provides heat insulation to the brake body 15, reducing the adverse effects of heat generated during friction braking on the brake body 15. In fact, it can also reduce the adverse effects of heat generated during friction braking on the braked component, preventing the braked component from degrading in performance or even being damaged due to excessive temperature. From this perspective, it not only helps improve the structural reliability of the brake 10 but also helps improve the overall structural reliability of the mechanical system. For example, in some embodiments, the brake body 1 has a central hole 14 for the shaft to pass through. In this case, a friction element 16 is provided outside the brake body 15 of the first rotating body 11 and / or the second rotating body 12. The friction element 16 can prevent overheating of the brake body 15, the shaft, and the bearings between the shaft and the brake body 15. Therefore, the structural reliability of the brake 10 and the mechanical system can be improved, and the service life of the brake 10 and the mechanical system can be extended. In particular, to enhance the heat insulation effect, the friction element 16 can be made of a material that includes heat insulation material. In this way, the friction element 16 can provide more sufficient heat insulation, more effectively improve the structural reliability of the brake 10 and the mechanical system, and extend the service life of the brake 10 and the mechanical system.

[0074] It is evident that by configuring at least one of the first rotating body 11, the second rotating body 12, the first cover 21, and the second cover 22 to include a friction element 16 and to perform contact friction through the friction element 16, it is beneficial to further improve the braking efficiency, braking reliability, and structural reliability of the brake 10, thereby improving the performance of the brake 10.

[0075] As mentioned above, the friction element 16 can be disposed on either the brake body 15 or the cover body 29. When the friction element 16 is disposed on the brake body 15, as mentioned above, it is more beneficial to prevent frictional heat during braking from affecting the braked component. When the friction element 16 is disposed on the cover body 29, it is beneficial to reduce the weight of the brake body 1, reduce the driving difficulty of the brake body 1, and enable the brake body 1 to rotate with only a smaller driving force.

[0076] When the friction element 16 is provided, the friction element 16 can be integrally formed with the body (brake body 15 and / or cover body 29), or it can be separately formed from the body.

[0077] When the friction element 16 is integrally formed with the body, the structural strength is higher, the structural reliability is stronger, and the assembly process is simpler and more efficient. For example, when the friction element 16 is integrally formed with the brake body 15, the structural strength and reliability of the brake body 1 are improved. Furthermore, during the assembly of the brake 10, it is unnecessary to assemble the friction element 16 and the brake body 15 separately, thus simplifying the assembly process and improving efficiency. As another example, when the friction element 16 is integrally formed with the cover body 29, the structural strength and reliability of the braking mechanism 2 are improved. Furthermore, during the assembly process, it is unnecessary to assemble the friction element 16 and the cover body 29 separately, thus simplifying the assembly process and improving efficiency.

[0078] When the friction element 16 and the body are molded separately, it is convenient to use different materials for the friction element 16 and the body. This achieves better friction and heat insulation effects while reducing the requirements for the wear resistance and heat insulation properties of the body, thus reducing costs. For example, only the friction element 16 can be made of friction and heat insulation materials, while the body is not made of friction and heat insulation materials, thereby reducing costs. Furthermore, when the friction element 16 and the body are molded separately, the friction element 16 and the body can be detachably connected. This allows for replacement of only the friction element 16 after wear, without replacing the body, further reducing costs. For example, if the first rotating body 11 and / or the second rotating body 12 include the friction element 16, and the friction element 16 is detachably connected to the brake body 15, then when the friction element 16 wears, only the friction element 16 can be replaced, without replacing the brake body 15, thus reducing costs. For example, if the first cover 21 and / or the second cover 22 include a friction element 16, and the friction element 16 is detachably connected to the cover body 29, then when the friction element 16 wears out, only the friction element 16 needs to be replaced, without replacing the cover body 29, thus reducing costs.

[0079] Besides using friction element 16 to reduce the adverse effects of braking friction heat, other methods can also be employed. For example, in some embodiments, the first cover 21 and / or the second cover 22 are provided with a chamber (not shown) for containing cooling fluid for cooling. In this way, by circulating cooling fluid into the first cover 21 and / or the second cover 22, the adverse effects of braking friction heat on the first cover 21 and / or the second cover 22 can be actively reduced, effectively preventing overheating damage to the first cover 21 and / or the second cover 22, improving structural reliability, and extending service life.

[0080] In the foregoing embodiments, the relative axial movement of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can be driven by the drive mechanism 4 to achieve an automated braking process. Specifically, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can be equipped with separate drive mechanisms 4, each driving the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move axially; alternatively, only one drive mechanism 4 can be provided for the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, driving the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move axially using the same drive mechanism 4.

[0081] For example, see Figures 1-8 In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 4 is located on the side of the first cover 21 away from the second cover 22 and is drivenly connected to both the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction. In this case, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are driven by the same drive mechanism 4 located on the side of the first cover 21 away from the second cover 22. Since it is not necessary to provide separate drive mechanisms 4 for the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, it is beneficial to simplify the structure, reduce costs, and reduce space occupation, making the brake 10 more compact and enhancing its adaptability to confined installation spaces, effectively solving the problem of not being able to install the brake 10 due to limited space. Simultaneously, driving the relative movement of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 by the same drive mechanism 4 also helps to improve the synchronization of the movement of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, facilitating a more accurate and reliable switching of the brake 10 between the first braking state and the second braking state, achieving a more efficient and reliable braking process.

[0082] As an example of the drive mechanism 4 located on the side of the first cover 21 away from the second cover 22 and drivenly connected to both the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, see [reference needed]. Figures 1-8 The driving mechanism 4 includes a driving member 40, which has a first connecting part 41, a second connecting part 42, and a third connecting part 43. The first connecting part 41 is connected to the first cover 21, and the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 are located on opposite sides of the first connecting part 41 and are both connected to the second cover 22.

[0083] The first connecting portion 41 and the second connecting portion 42 move in opposite directions along the axial direction, and move in the same direction along the axial direction as the third connecting portion 43. The third connecting portion 43 and the second cover 22 are connected by an actuator 6 that applies opposite forces along the axial direction to the third connecting portion 43 and the second cover 22, so that the driving member 40 drives the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction under the action of the actuator 6; or...

[0084] The first connecting part 41, the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 move in the same direction along the axial direction, and the first connecting part 41 is connected to the first cover 21 by an actuator 6 that applies a reverse force along the axial direction to the first connecting part 41 and the first cover 21, so that the driving member 40 drives the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction under the action of the actuator 6.

[0085] Based on the above configuration, the drive mechanism 4 can achieve the drive connection between the actuator 6 and the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 through the drive member 40, and drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction under the action of the actuator 6.

[0086] When the first connecting part 41 and the second connecting part 42 move in opposite directions along the axial direction and move in the same direction along the axial direction as the third connecting part 43, and the third connecting part 43 and the second cover 22 are connected by an actuator 6 that applies a reverse axial force to the third connecting part 43 and the second cover 22, the driving member 40 is constructed as a lever (or pry bar). The lever has the first connecting part 41 as the central fulcrum and the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 located on opposite sides of the first connecting part 41 as the two sides of the action point. In this case, by using the actuator 6 to apply a reverse axial force to the third connecting part 43 and the second cover 22 at the third connecting part 43, the driving member 40 can drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction, thereby achieving the switching of the braking state.

[0087] Specifically, see Figure 3 When braking is required, the actuator 6 simply actuates, applying a force along the path from the first cover 21 to the second cover 22 to the third connecting portion 43, pressing the third connecting portion 43 against the second cover 22. The actuator 6 then applies a force along the path from the second cover 22 to the first cover 21 to the second cover 22, pulling the second cover 22 towards the first cover 21. Simultaneously, the pressure applied by the actuator 6 to the third connecting portion 43 is transmitted via the drive member 40 to the first connecting portion 41 and the second connecting portion 42, causing the first connecting portion 41 and the second connecting portion 42 to move in the same and opposite directions as the third connecting portion 43, respectively. This causes the first connecting portion 41 to drive the first cover 21 towards the second cover 21. 2. When one side moves, the second connecting part 42 drives the second cover 22 to move towards the first cover 21, so that the first cover 21 is pressed against the second cover 22 under the action of the first connecting part 41, and the second cover 22 is pulled towards the first cover 21 under the action of the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, realizing the synchronous opposite movement between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, so that the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 approach each other, switch to the first state, press on the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 respectively, and rub against the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 to prevent the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 from continuing to rotate, thereby achieving braking.

[0088] When it is necessary to release the brakes, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 By simply reversing the action of actuator 6, the forces acting on the third connecting part 43 and the second cover 22 are reversed. Instead, a force is applied to the third connecting part 43 along the path from the second cover 22 to the first cover 21, pulling the third connecting part 43 away from the second cover 22. Conversely, a force is applied to the second cover 22 along the path from the first cover 21 to the second cover 22, pressing the second cover 22 away from the first cover 21. The pressure applied to the third connecting part 43 by actuator 6 is then transmitted via drive member 40 to the first connecting part 41 and the second connecting part 42, causing the first connecting part 41 and the second connecting part 42 to move in the same and opposite directions as the third connecting part 43, respectively. This causes the first connecting part 41 to drive the third connecting part 43... The first cover 21 moves away from the second cover 22, and the second connecting part 42 drives the second cover 22 to move away from the first cover 21. Under the action of the first connecting part 41, the first cover 21 is pulled away from the second cover 22, and the second cover 22 is pushed away from the first cover 21 under the action of the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43. This achieves synchronous opposite movement between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, so that the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 move away from each other and switch to the second state. They leave the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 respectively and no longer rub against the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. Thus, the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 can rotate again, and the brake is released.

[0089] As can be seen, by constructing the driving member 40 as a lever, the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 can move in opposite and the same direction along the axial direction with the first connecting part 41 located between the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, respectively. An actuator 6 that can apply an axial reverse force to the connected object is provided between the third connecting part 43 and the second cover 22. By connecting the third connecting part 43 and the second cover 22, the driving member 40 can drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, so that the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can move in opposite directions along the axial direction under the action of only one driving member 40, switching between the first braking state and the second braking state.

[0090] In the above case, since only one driving member 40 is set on the side of the first cover 21 away from the second cover 22, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can be driven to move relative to each other to switch the braking state. Moreover, the driving member 40 cleverly drives the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move synchronously using the lever principle. Its structure is simple and occupies little space. At the same time, only one actuator 6 is set to apply force, which can further simplify the structure and reduce space occupation. Therefore, the structure can be effectively simplified, the cost can be reduced, the space occupation can be reduced, and the market competitiveness of the brake 10 can be enhanced.

[0091] In this design, the driving member 40, configured as a lever, has a third connecting portion 43 and a first connecting portion 41 moving in the same direction. When braking is required, both the third connecting portion 43 and the first connecting portion 41 move towards the second cover 22. The amount of movement of the third connecting portion 43 towards the second cover 22, which is connected to the actuator 6, is greater than the amount of movement of the first connecting portion 41 towards the second cover 22. For easier movement of the third connecting portion 43 towards the second cover 22, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3-4 as well as Figures 7-8 In some embodiments, the portion of the drive member 40 located between the first connecting portion 41 and the third connecting portion 43 for connection with the actuator 6 is tilted away from the first rotating body 11 along the direction from the first connecting portion 41 to the third connecting portion 43. Thus, in the second state, the third connecting portion 43 is farther from the first rotating body 11 than the first connecting portion 41, and the distance between the third connecting portion 43 and the first cover 21 is greater than the distance between the first connecting portion 41 and the first cover 21. This allows for more space to be reserved for the movement of the third connecting portion 43 toward the second cover 22, making it easier for the third connecting portion 43 to move toward the second cover 22 during braking. Furthermore, the corresponding configuration can also reserve space for the wear of the mutually rubbing parts (such as the aforementioned friction element 16), so that after the brake 10 has been working for a period of time, the mutually rubbing parts (such as the aforementioned friction element 16) will wear down, and the movement of the third connecting part 43 can be increased to increase the movement of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, so as to achieve sufficient contact friction between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 and the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, and perform effective braking, thereby extending the service life of the brake 10 and improving the braking reliability of the brake 10.

[0092] Furthermore, when the first connecting part 41, the second connecting part 42, and the third connecting part 43 move in the same direction along the axial direction, and the first connecting part 41 is connected to the first cover 21 by the actuator 6 that applies a reverse axial force to the first connecting part 41 and the first cover 21, the driving member 40 no longer constitutes a lever, but moves as a whole along the same side of the axial direction. In this case, by using the actuator 6 to apply a reverse axial force to the driving member 40 and the first cover 21 at the first connecting part 41, the driving member 40 can drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction.

[0093] Specifically, see Figure 7When braking is required, the actuator 6 simply actuates, applying a force along the path from the second cover 22 to the first cover 21 to the first connecting portion 41, pushing the first connecting portion 41 away from the first body 11. Simultaneously, a force along the path from the first cover 21 to the second cover 22 is applied to the first cover 21, pushing it towards the second cover 22. The first cover 21 then moves towards the second cover 22. The pushing force applied to the first connecting portion 41 by the actuator 6 is transmitted via the drive member 40 to the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43, causing the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43 to move towards the second cover 22. Together, they move towards the side away from the first body 11, thereby pulling the second cover 22 towards the first cover 21 by the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, causing the second cover 22 to move towards the first cover 21, thus achieving synchronous opposite movement between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, bringing the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 closer to each other, switching to the first state, and pressing on the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 respectively, rubbing against each other to prevent the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 from continuing to rotate, thus achieving braking.

[0094] When it is necessary to release the brakes, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 8 Simply by reversing the action of actuator 6, the direction of the force applied to the first connecting part 41 and the first cover 21 is reversed. Instead, a force is applied to the first connecting part 41 along the path from the first cover 21 to the second cover 22, pulling the first connecting part 41 toward the first cover 21. Conversely, a force is applied to the first cover 21 along the path from the second cover 22 to the first cover 21, pulling the first cover 21 away from the second cover 22. The pulling force applied to the first connecting part 41 by actuator 6 is then transmitted via drive member 40 to the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, causing the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 to interact with the first connecting part 22. The first connecting part 41 moves in the same direction as the first connecting part 41, moving together with the first connecting part 41 along the direction from the first cover 21 to the second cover 22. This causes the second cover 22, which is connected to the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, to move along the direction from the first cover 21 to the second cover 22, moving away from the first cover 21. This achieves synchronous opposite movement between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, causing the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move away from each other and switch to the second state. They then move away from the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 respectively, no longer rubbing against the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. As a result, the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 can rotate again, thus releasing the brake.

[0095] As can be seen, by constructing the driving member 40 as a whole to move in the same direction, the first connecting part 41, the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 move in the same direction along the axial direction. An actuator 6 is provided between the first connecting part 41 and the first cover 21 located between the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, which can apply a reverse force along the axial direction to the connected object. By connecting the first connecting part 41 and the first cover 21, the driving member 40 can drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, so that the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can move in opposite directions along the axial direction under the action of only one driving member 40, and switch between the first braking state and the second braking state.

[0096] In the above scenario, since only one driving member 40 needs to be provided on the side of the first cover 21 away from the second cover 22 to drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move relative to each other and switch the braking state, and the driving member 40 itself has a simple structure and occupies little space, and only one actuator 6 needs to be provided to apply force, and the actuator 6 is located between the driving member 40 and the first cover 21, without occupying additional space on the side of the driving member 40 away from the first cover 21, the structural compactness can be further improved and the space occupation can be reduced. Therefore, the structure can be effectively simplified, the cost reduced, the space occupation reduced, the performance of the brake 10 improved, and the market competitiveness of the brake 10 enhanced. Moreover, since the force transmission method of the driving member 40 is simple, it is easier to drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move synchronously in opposite directions, which is also conducive to further improving the accuracy of braking state switching, improving the performance of the brake 10, and enhancing the market competitiveness of the brake 10.

[0097] In both cases where the aforementioned driving member 40 is configured as a lever or a non-lever, the driving member 40 drives the second cover 22 to move through the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43 located on both sides, and drives the first cover 21 through the first connecting portion 41 located between the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43. This configuration is more suitable for the driving member 40 being located on the side of the first cover 21 that is farther away from the second cover 22, with the first cover 21 being closer to the driving member 40 and the second cover 22 being farther away from the driving member 40. This configuration also makes it easier to connect the driving member 40 to the closer first cover 21 and the farther second cover 22.

[0098] Since the drive component 40 is connected to the second cover 22 at two points, the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, it can apply force to the second cover 22 at different circumferential positions. In particular, the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 can be symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the second cover 22 to apply force to two radially opposite points of the second cover 22. Therefore, not only can a greater force be applied to the second cover 22 to improve the success rate of driving, but it can also effectively improve the smoothness of the movement of the second cover 22 and reduce the risk of deflection during the movement of the second cover 22. This is beneficial to improving the smoothness and accuracy of the switch between the first state and the second state of the brake 10, and realizing a more efficient and reliable braking and brake release process.

[0099] The drive unit 40 drives the first cover 21 to move through the first connecting part 41 located between the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, which can also realize the smooth movement of the first cover 21, reduce the risk of deflection during the movement of the first cover 21, improve the smoothness and accuracy of the brake 10 switching between the first state and the second state, and realize a more efficient and reliable braking and release process.

[0100] For example, see Figures 1-4 In some embodiments, the drive member 40 is provided with a plurality of (i.e., at least two, or two, three or more) first connecting portions 41, which are located on both sides of the central axis of the first cover 21. This allows force to be applied to the first cover 21 at different circumferential positions. In particular, the plurality of first connecting portions 41 can be symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first cover 21, achieving force application to radially opposite points of the first cover 21. Therefore, not only can a larger force be applied to the first cover 21, increasing the success rate of the drive, but it can also effectively improve the smoothness of the movement of the first cover 21, reducing the risk of deflection during the movement of the first cover 21. This improves the smoothness and accuracy of the switching between the first and second states of the brake 10, achieving a more efficient and reliable braking and releasing process. This method of providing first connecting portions 41 on both sides of the central axis of the first cover 21 is applicable both when the first cover 21 does not allow the rotating shaft to pass through and when the first cover 21 allows the rotating shaft to pass through; that is, it is applicable both when the rotating shaft does not pass through the first cover 21 and when the rotating shaft passes through the first cover 21. With the rotating shaft passing through the first cover 21, the two first connecting parts 41 are located on opposite sides of the central axis of the first cover 21, which can avoid the rotating shaft and facilitate the connection between the drive mechanism 4 and the first cover 21.

[0101] For example, see Figures 5-8In some embodiments, the drive member 40 has only one first connecting part 41, which is located on the central axis of the first cover 21. This allows force to be applied to the first cover 21 along its central axis, enabling smooth and stable movement of the first cover 21 without deviation. This improves the smoothness and accuracy of the brake 10's switching between the first and second states, achieving a more efficient and reliable braking and release process. This method of setting the first connecting part 41 on the central axis of the first cover 21 is particularly suitable for cases where the first cover 21 does not allow a rotating shaft to pass through. In this case, since only one first connecting part 41 is needed, the structure is simpler, and smooth driving of the first cover 21 can be achieved based on a simpler structure.

[0102] Since the first connecting part 41 can be provided only on the central axis of the first cover 21 or on both sides of the central axis of the first cover 21 when the rotating shaft does not pass through the first cover 21, the driving member 40 can actually be provided with the first connecting part 41 located on the central axis of the first cover 21 and on both sides of the central axis of the first cover 21 at the same time, so as to drive the first cover 21 to move more smoothly and reliably.

[0103] The driving member 40 in the foregoing embodiments can be ring-shaped or rod-shaped, with a simple and compact structure that occupies little space. Among them, the ring-shaped driving member 40 is particularly suitable for the case where the driving member 40 has a first connecting part 41 located on both sides of the central axis of the first cover 21; while the rod-shaped driving member 40 is particularly suitable for the case where the driving member 40 has only one first connecting part 41 located on the central axis of the first cover 21.

[0104] As a further improvement to the foregoing embodiments, see Figures 1-8 The brake 10 also includes a sleeve 3, which is fixedly installed and sleeved outside the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to restrict the rotation of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22.

[0105] Since the sleeve 3 can constrain the rotation of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, it is easy to achieve a non-rotatable setting for the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, so that the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can respectively rub against the rotating first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 in the first state to achieve braking. Moreover, since the sleeve 3 is sleeved on the outside of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, it can also provide a certain degree of protection for the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, as well as the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 inside the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, extending the service life, improving structural reliability, and enhancing aesthetics.

[0106] To achieve the rotation-limiting function of sleeve 3, see [link / reference] Figures 1-8In some embodiments, the inner surface of the sleeve 3 is provided with one of a groove 31 and a protrusion 26, and the outer surface of the first cover 21 and / or the second cover 22 is provided with the other of a groove 31 and a protrusion 26, with the protrusion 26 embedded in the groove 31. Thus, with the cooperation of the protrusion 26 and the groove 31, the sleeve 3 can restrict the rotation of the first cover 21 and / or the second cover 22. Moreover, the cooperation of the groove 31 and the protrusion 26 not only restricts rotation but also acts as a guide, guiding the first cover 21 and / or the second cover 22 to move more smoothly along the axial direction, reducing the risk of skewing. The first cover 21 and the second cover 22 may each have one of the groove 31 and the protrusion 26 on their outer surfaces, so that the sleeve 3 can restrict the rotation of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 through the cooperation of the protrusion 26 and the groove 31; or, only one of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 may have one of the groove 31 and the protrusion 26 on its outer surface, so that the sleeve 3 can restrict the rotation of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 only through the cooperation of the protrusion 26 and the groove 31, while the rotation of the other one of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 is restricted by the sleeve 3 in other ways.

[0107] When the brake 10 includes a sleeve 3, the drive member 40 may be disposed on the outside of the sleeve 3 (see Figures 1-8 ( ) or the inner side. Among them, when the drive member 40 is located on the outer side of the sleeve 3, compared with the case where the drive member 40 is located on the inner side of the sleeve 3, there is more space, which makes it easier to install and operate the drive member 4 and the actuator 6.

[0108] With the drive member 40 located outside the sleeve 3, in order to achieve the connection between the first cover 21 and the first connecting part 41, see [reference needed]. Figures 1-4 In some embodiments, the first cover 21 is provided with a first arm 23, which protrudes from the first cover 21 toward the drive member 40, passes through the sleeve 3, and connects to the first connecting part 41. Thus, the first arm 23, passing through the sleeve 3, can reach the first connecting part 41 and connect there, thereby achieving the connection between the first cover 21 and the first connecting part 41, allowing the first cover 21 to move axially under the action of the first connecting part 41. The first arm 23 can correspond one-to-one with the first connecting part 41. Of course, this method of providing the first arm 23 passing through the sleeve 3 is particularly suitable for the case where the drive member 40 is constructed as a lever, and the actuator 6 is connected to the third connecting part 43 instead of the first connecting part 41. However, when the drive member 40 is not constructed as a lever, and the actuator 6 is connected to the first connecting part 41, the first connecting part 41 can be connected to the first cover 21 through the actuator 6 located between the drive member 40 and the first cover 21. In this case, the first arm 23 passing through the sleeve 3 is not required.

[0109] Additionally, when the drive member 40 is located outside the sleeve 3, in order to achieve the connection between the second cover 22 and the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43, see [reference needed]. Figures 1-8 In some embodiments, the second cover 22 is provided with a second arm 24 and a third arm 25. Both the second arm 24 and the third arm 25 protrude from the second cover 22 toward the drive member 40 and pass through the sleeve 3, respectively connecting to the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43. In this way, the second arm 24 and the third arm 25 can compensate for the axial distance between the second cover 22 and the drive member 40. By passing through the sleeve 3, they reach the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43 and connect thereto, thus achieving the connection between the second cover 22 and the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43, allowing the second cover 22 to move axially under the drive of the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43. This arrangement of the second arm 24 and the third arm 25 passing through the sleeve 3 is applicable both when the drive member 40 is constructed as a lever and the actuator 6 is connected to the third connecting portion 43, and when the drive member 40 is not constructed as a lever and the actuator 6 is connected to the first connecting portion 41.

[0110] It should be noted that the aforementioned first arm 23, second arm 24 and third arm 25 are not only applicable to the case where the sleeve 3 is provided. In fact, even without the sleeve 3, the connection between the first cover 21 and the first connecting part 41 can be achieved by providing the aforementioned first arm 23 protruding toward the driving member 40 on the first cover 21, and the connection between the second cover 22 and the second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 can be achieved by providing the aforementioned second arm 24 and third arm 25 protruding toward the driving member 40 on the second cover 22.

[0111] In the case where the brake 10 includes the sleeve 3, see Figures 1-8 In some embodiments, the end of the sleeve 3 away from the drive member 40 is open, and the brake 10 also includes a retaining ring 5. The retaining ring 5 is disposed inside the sleeve 3 and located on the side of the second cover 22 away from the first cover 21 to stop the second cover 22. The open end of the sleeve 3 away from the drive member 40 facilitates assembly. Furthermore, the retaining ring 5, provided at this open end, prevents the second cover 22 from accidentally falling out of the sleeve 3, thus improving the structural stability and reliability of the brake 10.

[0112] Based on the brake 10 provided in the various embodiments of this application, this application also provides a braking system and a mechanical system.

[0113] The braking system includes an actuator 6 and a brake 10 according to any embodiment of this application. The actuator 6 is drivenly connected to the braking mechanism 2 of the brake 10 to drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 of the braking mechanism 2 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction. Specifically, the actuator 6 is drivenly connected to the braking mechanism 2 through the driving mechanism 4 of the brake 10 to drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 of the braking mechanism 2 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction.

[0114] The mechanical system includes the braked component and the braking system of any embodiment of this application. The brake 10 of the braking system brakes the braked component. The mechanical system may be, but is not limited to, a vehicle (e.g., a construction vehicle, automobile, train, high-speed rail, bullet train, or truck), and the braked component may include, but is not limited to, wheels or a winch.

[0115] In the foregoing embodiments, the actuator 6 can adopt various structural forms. For example, in some embodiments, the actuator 6 includes a brake caliper 61. The brake caliper 61 is an important component of the braking system of a vehicle or other mechanical system, used to convert the action of the master cylinder into the movement of brake pads or brake drums to achieve the braking function. The push rod 62 and cylinder 63 of the brake caliper 61 can move in opposite directions, applying opposite forces to the two connected objects. Therefore, it can cooperate with the aforementioned drive member 40 to drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move in opposite directions based on a relatively simple and compact structure, thereby realizing the braking function of the brake 10. The brake caliper 61 can be a pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric brake caliper. Alternatively, the actuator 6 can also adopt other structural forms such as a drive cylinder (e.g., a pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric cylinder), as long as it can apply opposite forces to the two connected objects.

[0116] The following will provide further details. Figures 1-8 The example shown.

[0117] First, an introduction Figures 1-4 The example shown.

[0118] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the braking system is a vehicle braking system, in which the brake 10 brakes the vehicle's wheels (or trolley wheels) under the action of the brake caliper 61, which serves as the actuator 6.

[0119] The brake 10 includes a brake body 1, a brake mechanism 2, a sleeve 3, a drive mechanism 4, and a retaining ring 5.

[0120] Brake unit 1 is connected to the drive of the traveling wheels and rotates together with the traveling wheels. For example... Figures 1-4As shown, in this embodiment, the braking body 1 includes a first rotating body 11, a second rotating body 12, and a shaft 13, which are connected sequentially along the axial direction. Specifically, in this embodiment, both the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 are conical, and their large-diameter ends face each other and are connected to each other to achieve the connection between the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. The shaft 13 is connected to the small-diameter end of the second rotating body 12 (which is also the end of the second rotating body 12 away from the first rotating body 11). Since both the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 are conical, their outer surfaces (also called circumferential surfaces or outer walls) are conical surfaces.

[0121] In this embodiment, the brake body 1 has a central hole 14 extending through both ends of the axial direction. The central hole 14 is used for the shaft (not shown) that drives the travel wheel to rotate to pass through. During operation, the brake body 1 is mounted on the hub of the axle head, and the axle head passes through the central hole 14, the shaft body 13, the second rotating body 12, and the first rotating body 11. In this way, the brake body 1 is driven to the travel wheel and can rotate together with the travel wheel, realizing the rotatable setting of the brake body 1.

[0122] Depend on Figures 2-4 As can be seen, in this embodiment, both the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 include a brake body 15 and a friction element 16. Both the brake body 15 and the friction element 16 are conical. The friction element 16 is fitted over the brake body 15, such that the outer surface of the friction element 16 constitutes the outer surface of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12.

[0123] In this embodiment, the friction element 16 is made of a friction material and a heat-insulating material, with the friction material located outside the heat-insulating material. Thus, the friction material forms a wear-resistant layer, the heat-insulating material forms a heat-insulating layer, and the wear-resistant layer is attached to the outside of the heat-insulating layer. During braking, the wear-resistant layer contacts and rubs against the braking mechanism 2, providing not only greater frictional force and more efficient braking, but also reducing wear and extending service life. The heat-insulating layer, on the other hand, acts as a heat insulation layer, reducing the transfer of frictional heat to the brake body 15 and the shaft, effectively preventing performance degradation or carbonization damage to the brake body 15, the shaft, and the bearings between them due to excessive temperature. Furthermore, since the heat-insulating layer is located inside the wear-resistant layer and does not directly contact and rub against the braking mechanism 2, it is less prone to wear due to friction and can provide longer-lasting heat insulation.

[0124] In this embodiment, the friction element 16 is detachably connected to the brake body 15. Specifically, as shown... Figures 2-4As shown, mounting holes 17 are provided on the brake body 15 and the friction member 16 respectively. The connecting member 18 (e.g., bolt or rivet) passes through the corresponding mounting holes 17 on the brake body 15 and the friction member 16 to realize the detachable connection between the brake body 15 and the friction member 16.

[0125] Since the friction component 16 directly contacts and rubs against the braking mechanism 2, it is prone to wear and needs to be replaced frequently. Therefore, the friction component 16 is detachably connected to the brake body 15, which makes it easier to disassemble and replace the friction component 16. Moreover, when replacing, only the friction component 16 can be replaced without replacing the brake body 15, thus reducing costs.

[0126] The braking mechanism 2 is non-rotatably fitted around the brake body 1, and is used to contact and rub against the brake body 1. By stopping the brake body 1 from rotating, it stops the traveling wheel from rotating, thus achieving the braking function. Figures 2-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the braking mechanism 2 includes a first cover 21 and a second cover 22 respectively fitted onto the outside of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. Both the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 include a cover body 29, which is cylindrical in shape to cooperate with the cylindrical sleeve 3, thus achieving a non-rotatable configuration of the braking mechanism 2. Furthermore, the inner surfaces (also called inner walls) of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 have the same shape as the outer surfaces of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, also being conical surfaces, so that the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can fully contact and rub against the entire outer surface of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, respectively, for comprehensive braking.

[0127] During full braking, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 approach each other and cover the outside of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12 respectively, and come into contact with and rub against the friction elements 16 of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. The corresponding state is called the first state, that is, in the first state, the brake 10 applies the brake, causing the traveling wheel (the braked part) to stop rotating.

[0128] To enable the brake 10 to not only brake but also release the brake, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are configured to move in opposite directions along the axial direction. This allows the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to not only approach each other but also move away from each other. When it is necessary to release the brake, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 move away from each other and no longer contact or rub against the friction elements 16 of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, thereby no longer preventing the brake body 1 and the traveling wheel from rotating, thus realizing the brake release function. The corresponding state is called the second state, that is, in the second state, the brake 10 is released, and the traveling wheel can rotate normally.

[0129] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, which are fitted outside the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, can switch between a first braking state and a second braking state by moving in opposite directions along the axial direction.

[0130] The sleeve 3 is fitted over the brake mechanism 2 to restrict its rotation, thus preventing the brake mechanism 2 from rotating. For example... Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the sleeve 3 is a hollow cylinder with cylindrical surfaces on both its inner and outer surfaces. One end of its axial ends is open and has no end wall, while the other end is closed and has an end wall.

[0131] The sleeve 3 is fitted over the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, such that both the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are located inside the sleeve 3. The sleeve 3 allows the shaft passing through the brake body 1 to pass through. The closed end of the sleeve 3 is located on the side of the first cover 21 away from the second cover 22, while the open end is located on the side of the second cover 22 away from the first cover 21. The closed end of the sleeve 3 has multiple (12 in the figure) fixing holes 33 evenly distributed circumferentially, used to connect with the housing of the axle located outside the shaft, ensuring that the sleeve 3 is neither rotatable nor movable, thus achieving a fixed installation of the sleeve 3.

[0132] The inner wall of the sleeve 3 is provided with two sets of grooves 31 arranged axially at intervals. These two sets of grooves 31 correspond to the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, respectively, and each set of grooves 31 includes multiple (6 in the figure) grooves 31 distributed circumferentially. These multiple grooves 31 are evenly distributed circumferentially. Correspondingly, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are provided with multiple (6 in the figure) protrusions 26. The protrusions 26 correspond one-to-one with the grooves 31 and are embedded in the grooves 31. In this way, the fixedly set sleeve 3 allows the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move axially, but restricts their rotation, so that the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can only move axially and cannot rotate. During the axial movement of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, the protrusions 26 can also play a guiding role to prevent the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 from deviating.

[0133] A retaining ring 5 is disposed in the sleeve 3 and located on the side of the second cover 22 away from the first cover 21, to stop the second cover 22 and prevent it from falling out of the sleeve 3. Figures 2-4As shown, in this embodiment, a fixing groove 34 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 3 near the open end. The fixing groove 34 is located on the side of the second cover 22 away from the first cover 21, and the retaining ring 5 is engaged in the fixing groove 34. Thus, the retaining ring 5, located on the side of the second cover 22 away from the first cover 21, can stop the second cover 22, preventing it from falling out of the sleeve 3 and maintaining the stability of the overall structure of the brake 10. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the retaining ring 5 is constructed as a retaining spring with an opening. This opening and elasticity make it easier to install the retaining ring 5 into the fixing groove 34 even when its outer diameter is larger than the fixing groove 34, thereby improving the installation firmness of the retaining ring 5 while reducing the assembly difficulty.

[0134] The drive mechanism 4 is located on the outside of the sleeve 3, on the side away from the first cover 21 at the closed end of the sleeve 3, and is driven to both the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, so as to drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction, switching between the first state of braking and the second state of releasing the brake.

[0135] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the drive mechanism 4 includes a drive member 40, a mounting base 47, and a connecting base 48. The drive member 40, the mounting base 47, and the connecting base 48 are all located on the side of the closed end of the sleeve 3 away from the first cover 21, so that the entire drive mechanism 4 is located on the side of the first cover 21 away from the second cover 22.

[0136] The drive component 40 is roughly annular, with a rotating shaft passing through the sleeve 3 in the middle, and is provided with two first connecting parts 41, one second connecting part 42 and one third connecting part 43.

[0137] Two first connecting parts 41 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis of the first cover 21 (which is also the central axis of the second cover 22 and the sleeve 3, passing through the center of the driving member 40), and are both connected to the first cover 21 to achieve a symmetrical driving connection between the driving member 40 and the first cover 21. Specifically, as shown... Figures 1-7As shown, in this embodiment, both first connecting portions 41 include connecting holes 44, which penetrate the drive member 40 radially. Correspondingly, the first cover 21 is provided with two first arms 23, which correspond one-to-one with the two first connecting portions 41 and protrude from the first cover 21 toward the drive member 40, passing through the through hole 32 on the sleeve 3. The end of each first arm 23 that passes through the sleeve 3 is provided with a slot 27 for the drive member 40 to be inserted. The two opposite sidewalls of the slot 27 are provided with connecting holes 44 that cooperate with the connecting holes 44. The connector 18 passes through the connecting holes 44 on the sidewall of the slot 27 and on the drive member 40 to connect the drive member 40 and the first arm 23 together, realizing the pivot connection between the drive member 40 and the first arm 23, so that the drive member 40 can rotate around the axis at the first connecting portion 41.

[0138] The second connecting part 42 and the third connecting part 43 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the two first connecting parts 41, and are both connected to the second cover 22 to realize the driving connection between the driving member 40 and the second cover 22 at two symmetrical points. Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, both the second connecting portion 42 and the third connecting portion 43 include two circumferentially spaced support arms 45, both of which extend radially outward from the driving member 40. The two support arms 45 of the second connecting portion 42 are rotatably connected to the mounting base 47, and the mounting base 47 is rotatably connected to a second arm 24 disposed on the second cover 22, protruding from the second cover 22 toward the driving member 40 and passing through the through hole 32 on the sleeve 3, so that the second connecting portion 42 is connected to the second cover 22 through the second arm 24, realizing a point-to-point driving connection between the driving member 40 and the second cover 22. The two arms 45 of the third connecting part 43 are rotatably connected to the push rod 62 of the brake caliper 61, which serves as the actuator 6, via the connector 18. At the same time, the cylinder 63 of the brake caliper 61 is connected to the third arm 25, which is provided on the second cover 22, protrudes from the second cover 22 toward the drive member 40, and passes through the through hole 32 on the sleeve 3, via the connecting seat 48. This allows the third connecting part 43 to be connected to the second cover 22 via the brake caliper 61 and the third arm 25, thus realizing the drive connection between the drive member 40 and the second cover 22 at another point.

[0139] The portion of the drive member 40 located between the third connecting portion 43 and the two first connecting portions 41 is inclined. In the second state, the third connecting portion 43 is further away from the first rotating body 11 than the two first connecting portions 41. This allows sufficient space for the movement of the third connecting portion 43, improving braking reliability.

[0140] Based on the above configuration, the drive member 40 is constructed as a lever. The first connecting part 41 and the second connecting part 42 move in opposite directions and move in the same direction as the third connecting part 43. The drive member 40 can cooperate with the brake caliper 61 to drive the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 to move synchronously in opposite directions and switch states.

[0141] Among them, when braking is required, such as Figure 3 As shown by the arrow, the push rod 62 of the brake caliper 61 extends and pushes the third connecting part 43 downward (i.e., from the first cover 21 to the second cover 22), causing the two first connecting parts 41 to move downward. The two first arms 23 push the first cover 21, causing the first cover 21 to move downward toward the second cover 22. Meanwhile, the second connecting part 42 moves upward (i.e., from the second cover 22 to the first cover 21), pulling one side of the second cover 22 upward through the second arm 24. At the same time, the cylinder 63 of the brake caliper 61 moves upward, pulling the other side of the second cover 22 upward through the third arm 25, causing the second cover 22 to move upward toward the first cover 21. Thus, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 move synchronously toward each other and approach each other until they reach the first state. The first cover 21 and the second cover 22 completely press against the friction element 16 of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, and rub against each other. By stopping the rotation of the first rotating body 11, the second rotating body 12 and the shaft passing through the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, the traveling wheel stops rotating, thus completing the braking process.

[0142] When it is necessary to release the brakes, such as Figure 4 As indicated by the arrow, the brake caliper 61 moves in the opposite direction, the push rod 62 retracts, and pulls the third connecting part 43 upward, causing the two first connecting parts 41 to move upward. This, in turn, pulls the first cover 21 upward via the two first arms 23, causing the first cover 21 to move upward and away from the second cover 22. Meanwhile, the second connecting part 42 moves downward, pressing down on one side of the second cover 22 via the second arm 24. Simultaneously, the cylinder 63 of the brake caliper 61 moves downward, pressing down on the other side of the second cover 22 via the third arm 25, causing the second cover 22 to move downward and away from the first cover 21. In this way, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 move synchronously in opposite directions, moving away from each other, until the second state is reached. The first cover 21 and the second cover 22 no longer contact and rub against the friction parts 16 of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. Therefore, the first rotating body 11, the second rotating body 12, the shaft passing through the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, and the traveling wheel on the shaft can rotate again, and the brake is released.

[0143] As can be seen, the brake 10 can achieve full braking based on the cooperation of the first rotating body 11, the second rotating body 12, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22. Due to the larger braking area, the braking efficiency is higher and the braking reliability is better.

[0144] Moreover, the reverse movement of the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 can be achieved by only one brake caliper 61 and a drive member 40 constructed as a lever. The structure is simple and occupies little space. Therefore, it is beneficial to simplify the structure of the brake 10, reduce the cost of the brake 10, reduce the size of the brake 10, and enhance the market competitiveness of the brake 10.

[0145] Next, we will introduce... Figures 5-8 The embodiment shown is described in detail below. For simplicity, only this embodiment will be described in relation to the foregoing embodiments. Figures 1-4 For differences between the illustrated embodiments and other aspects not described herein, please refer to the preceding descriptions. Figures 1-4 The description of the illustrated embodiment is provided for your understanding.

[0146] like Figures 5-8 As shown, this embodiment is similar to the one described above. Figures 1-4 The main difference in the illustrated embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the brake body 1 no longer has a central hole, the rotating shaft no longer passes through the brake body 1, the first cover 21, and the sleeve 3, and the driving member 40 is no longer annular but rod-shaped. Furthermore, the driving member 40 no longer has two first connecting parts 41, but only one. The corresponding first connecting part 41 is located on the central axis of the first cover 21 and is rigidly connected to the second connecting parts 42 and the third connecting parts 43 on both sides via the driving member 40, allowing the driving member 40, the first connecting part 41, the second connecting part 42, and the third connecting part 43 to move in the same direction. Also, the driving member 40 is no longer connected to the brake caliper 61 via the third connecting part 43, but is connected to the brake caliper 61 via the first connecting part 41. The brake caliper 61 is located below the first connecting part 41, connecting the first connecting part 41 and the first cover 21. The third connecting part 43 is no longer connected to the brake caliper 61, but is directly connected to the second cover 22 via the third arm 25.

[0147] In addition, no fixing hole 33 is provided on the end wall of the closed end of the sleeve 3. The sleeve 3 is no longer fixed by the housing located outside the axle connected to the axle. Instead, it is fixed by other means. For example, the side wall of the sleeve 3 is connected to the non-rotatable and non-movable part of the mechanical system through a bracket to achieve the fixed setting of the sleeve 3.

[0148] Based on the above settings, when braking is required, such as Figure 7As indicated by the arrow, the push rod 62 of the brake caliper 61 extends and pushes the first connecting part 41 upward, causing the drive member 40, along with the second connecting parts 42 and the third connecting parts 43 on both sides of the first connecting part 41, to move upward. The second arm 24 and the third arm 25 pull the second cover 22 upward, causing the second cover 22 to move upward and closer to the first cover 21. Simultaneously, the cylinder 63 of the brake caliper 61 presses downward, causing the first cover 21 to move downward and closer to the second cover 22. Thus, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 move synchronously towards each other, approaching each other until they reach the first state, where the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 completely press against the friction members 16 of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, making contact and friction with them. This stops the rotation of the first rotating body 11, the second rotating body 12, and the shaft passing through the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, thereby stopping the rotation of the traveling wheels and completing the braking process.

[0149] When it is necessary to release the brakes, such as Figure 8 As indicated by the arrow, the brake caliper 61 moves in the opposite direction, the push rod 62 retracts, and pulls the first connecting part 41 downward, causing the drive member 40, along with the second connecting parts 42 and the third connecting parts 43 on both sides of the first connecting part 41, to move downward. The second arm 24 and the third arm 25 then push the second cover 22 downward, causing the second cover 22 to move away from the first cover 21. Simultaneously, the cylinder 63 of the brake caliper 61 moves upward, pulling the first cover 21 upward, causing the first cover 21 to move away from the second cover 22. Thus, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 move synchronously in opposite directions, moving away from each other, until the second state is reached. The first cover 21 and the second cover 22 no longer contact or rub against the friction members 16 of the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12. Therefore, the first rotating body 11, the second rotating body 12, the shaft passing through the first rotating body 11 and the second rotating body 12, and the traveling wheels on the shaft can rotate again, and the brake is released.

[0150] It is evident that this embodiment can also achieve comprehensive braking based on a simpler and more compact structure, effectively improving braking efficiency and reliability, and enhancing the market competitiveness of the brake 10.

[0151] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and not to limit them; although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this application or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features, all of which should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A brake (10) characterized by, include: A braking body (1) is rotatably disposed and includes a first rotating body (11) and a second rotating body (12), the first rotating body (11) and the second rotating body (12) being connected side by side along the axial direction; and The braking mechanism (2) is non-rotatably configured and includes a first cover (21) and a second cover (22). The first cover (21) and the second cover (22) are respectively fitted outside the first rotating body (11) and the second rotating body (12). The inner surface shapes of the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) are respectively consistent with the outer surface shapes of the first rotating body (11) and the second rotating body (12). The first cover (21) and the second cover (22) can move in opposite directions along the axial direction to switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) are close to each other and rub against the first rotating body (11) and the second rotating body (12) respectively, preventing the brake body (1) from rotating. In the second state, the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) are far apart from each other and release the friction against the first rotating body (11) and the second rotating body (12).

2. The brake (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake (10) further includes a drive mechanism (4), which is disposed on the side of the first cover (21) away from the second cover (22) and is drivenly connected to both the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) to drive the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) to move in opposite directions along the axial direction.

3. The brake (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that The driving mechanism (4) includes a driving member (40), which has a first connecting part (41), a second connecting part (42), and a third connecting part (43). The first connecting part (41) is connected to the first cover (21), and the second connecting part (42) and the third connecting part (43) are located on opposite sides of the first connecting part (41) and are both connected to the second cover (22). The first connecting part (41) and the second connecting part (42) move in opposite directions along the axial direction, and move in the same direction along the axial direction as the third connecting part (43). The third connecting part (43) and the second cover (22) are connected by an actuator (6) that applies a reverse force along the axial direction to the third connecting part (43) and the second cover (22), so that the driving member (40) drives the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) to move in opposite directions along the axial direction under the action of the actuator (6); or, The first connecting part (41), the second connecting part (42) and the third connecting part (43) move in the same direction along the axial direction, and the first connecting part (41) and the first cover (21) are connected by an actuator (6) that applies a reverse force along the axial direction to the first connecting part (41) and the first cover (21), so that the driving member (40) drives the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) to move in the opposite direction along the axial direction under the action of the actuator (6).

4. The brake (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The drive member (40) has only one first connecting part (41), and the first connecting part (41) is located on the central axis of the first cover (21); or, the drive member (40) has multiple first connecting parts (41), and the multiple first connecting parts (41) are located on both sides of the central axis of the first cover (21).

5. The brake (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The portion of the drive member (40) located between the first connecting portion (41) and the third connecting portion (43) for connection with the actuator (6) is inclined away from the first rotating body (11) along the direction from the first connecting portion (41) to the third connecting portion (43); and / or, the drive member (40) is annular or rod-shaped.

6. The brake (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The first cover (21) is provided with a first arm (23), the first arm (23) protrudes from the first cover (21) toward the drive member (40), and the first cover (21) is connected to the first connecting part (41) through the first arm (23); and / or, the second cover (22) is provided with a second arm (24) and a third arm (25), the second arm (24) and the third arm (25) both protrude from the second cover (22) toward the drive member (40), and the second cover (22) is connected to the second connecting part (42) and the third connecting part (43) respectively through the second arm (24) and the third arm (25).

7. The brake (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The brake (10) also includes a sleeve (3), which is fixedly installed and sleeved outside the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) to restrict the rotation of the first cover (21) and the second cover (22).

8. The brake (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that The driving member (40) is disposed on the outside of the sleeve (3), wherein: the first cover (21) is provided with a first arm (23), the first arm (23) protrudes from the first cover (21) toward the driving member (40) and passes through the sleeve (3) and is connected to the first connecting part (41); and / or, the second cover (22) is provided with a second arm (24) and a third arm (25), the second arm (24) and the third arm (25) both protrude from the second cover (22) toward the driving member (40) and both pass through the sleeve (3) and are connected to the second connecting part (42) and the third connecting part (43) respectively.

9. The brake (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that The inner surface of the sleeve (3) is provided with one of a groove (31) and a protrusion (26), and the outer surface of the first cover (21) and / or the second cover (22) is provided with the other of a groove (31) and a protrusion (26), wherein the protrusion (26) is embedded in the groove (31).

10. The brake (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that The sleeve (3) is open at one end away from the drive member (40), and the brake (10) also includes a retaining ring (5), which is disposed inside the sleeve (3) and located on the side of the second cover (22) away from the first cover (21) to stop the second cover (22).

11. The brake (10) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that The brake (10) is configured as at least one of the following: The first cover (21) and / or the second cover (22) are provided with a chamber for containing cooling fluid for cooling; The brake body (1) has a central hole (14) for the shaft to pass through; The outer surface of the first rotating body (11) and the inner surface of the first cover (21) are conical surfaces; The outer surface of the second rotating body (12) and the inner surface of the second cover (22) are conical surfaces; The first rotating body (11) and / or the second rotating body (12) include a braking body (15) and a friction element (16) disposed outside the braking body (15). The first cover (21) and / or the second cover (22) include a cover body (29) and a friction element (16) disposed inside the cover body (29).

12. The brake (10) according to claim 11, characterized in that The friction element (16) of the first rotating body (11) and / or the second rotating body (12) is detachably connected to the brake body (15); and / or, the friction element (16) of the first cover (21) and / or the second cover (22) is detachably connected to the cover body (29); and / or, the friction element (16) is made of a heat-insulating material.

13. A brake system comprising an actuating member (6), characterized in that It also includes a brake (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1-12, wherein the actuator (6) is drivenly connected to the braking mechanism (2) of the brake (10) to drive the first cover (21) and the second cover (22) of the braking mechanism (2) to move in the opposite direction along the axial direction.

14. The brake system of claim 13, wherein, The actuator (6) includes a brake caliper (61).

15. A mechanical system comprising a braked member, characterized in that It also includes the braking system as described in claim 13 or 14, wherein the brake (10) of the braking system brakes the braked member.

16. The mechanical system of claim 15, wherein, The braked component includes a traveling wheel, and the brake (10) brakes the traveling wheel.

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