Fishbone composite gasket

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of gasket technology and discloses a fishbone composite gasket, comprising: a gasket body; multiple sets of arc-shaped oblique teeth and reverse oblique teeth are arranged on the outer side of the gasket body, forming a receiving cavity between the multiple sets of arc-shaped oblique teeth and reverse oblique teeth; a pressure-resistant washer is arranged in the receiving cavity; a left support block is arranged on the side of the arc-shaped oblique teeth near the pressure-resistant washer, the left support block is provided with a lip, and the left support block abuts against the left side of the pressure-resistant washer through the lip; a right support block is arranged on the side of the reverse oblique teeth near the pressure-resistant washer. In this utility model, a complex multi-layered sealing path is formed by the alternating arrangement of arc-shaped and reverse oblique teeth. The staggered sealing protrusions at the ends constitute a robust final barrier, significantly improving high pressure resistance and leakage prevention capabilities. Its overall elastic material can adapt to minor unevenness on the flange surface, ensuring reliable sealing under various working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gasket technology, and in particular to fishbone composite gaskets. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrial sectors such as chemical, petroleum, power, and metallurgy, flange connections are one of the most basic and widely used methods for connecting pipes and equipment. To ensure the sealing of the connection and prevent leakage of internal media (such as gases and liquids), a gasket is usually installed between the two flange faces. The performance of the gasket directly affects the safe and stable operation of the entire system and environmental protection; therefore, developing highly reliable and long-life gaskets has significant engineering importance and practical value.

[0003] Currently, the most widely used gasket types in existing technologies include non-metallic flat gaskets, metal-clad gaskets, and metal ring gaskets. Non-metallic flat gaskets, such as rubber gaskets or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) gaskets, primarily rely on the material's own elasticity and plasticity. Under the action of bolt preload, they are compressed, thus filling the microscopic unevenness of the flange surface and achieving a surface contact seal. Metal-clad gaskets, on the other hand, have a thin metal sheath wrapped around a non-metallic core material to enhance the gasket's strength and corrosion resistance. The design concept of these traditional gaskets is relatively straightforward; their sealing principle is basically to establish one or more continuous, straight sealing rings between the flanges, and to block the leakage path of the medium by applying sufficient clamping force.

[0004] However, the traditional gaskets mentioned above rely on forming a relatively simple single-layer or planar sealing area, which inherently limits their performance under some harsh operating conditions. The core problem lies in the overly simplistic and direct sealing path. When the flange surface has minor radial scratches, pitting, corrosion, or slight warping, this simple planar contact sealing structure may not be able to completely and reliably fill these defects, leaving potential microscopic leakage channels. Under high-pressure media, the fluid will concentrate its impact on these weak points, easily breaching this single sealing defense and leading to seal failure. In other words, it lacks a complex sealing labyrinth that forces the medium to "bypass" it, and it also lacks multiple, progressive redundant sealing designs. Therefore, it requires a high degree of flange surface finish, and its sealing reliability and durability are insufficient under high-pressure impacts. Therefore, the herringbone composite gasket is proposed to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a fishbone composite gasket, aiming to improve the problems of traditional gaskets that rely on a single, direct sealing path, making it difficult to reliably fill defects such as scratches and pits on the flange surface, and are easily breached under high pressure, forming leakage channels and leading to failure. Furthermore, due to the lack of a complex redundant sealing structure, its overall reliability and durability are insufficient.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a fishbone composite gasket, comprising: Gasket body; The outer side of the gasket body is provided with multiple sets of arc-shaped oblique teeth and reverse oblique teeth, and a receiving cavity is formed between the multiple sets of arc-shaped oblique teeth and reverse oblique teeth; An anti-pressure gasket is provided inside the receiving cavity; A left support block is provided on the side of the arc-shaped helical tooth near the anti-pressure washer. The left support block is provided with a lip, and the left support block abuts against the left side of the anti-pressure washer through the lip. A right support block is provided on the side of the reverse helical tooth close to the anti-pressure washer. The right support block is provided with a second lip, and the right support block abuts against the right side of the anti-pressure washer through the second lip. The end of the arc-shaped helical tooth is provided with a sealing protrusion one, and the end of the reverse helical tooth is provided with a sealing protrusion two, and the sealing protrusion one and the sealing protrusion two are staggered.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The left support block and the first lip are integrally formed, and the right support block and the second lip are integrally formed.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The first lip is symmetrically arranged on the left support block, and the second lip is symmetrically arranged on the right support block.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The first sealing protrusion is disposed on the side of the end of the arc-shaped helical tooth near the side of the reverse helical tooth, and the second sealing protrusion is disposed on the side of the end of the reverse helical tooth near the side of the arc-shaped helical tooth.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: Multiple sets of the aforementioned arc-shaped helical teeth and multiple sets of the aforementioned reverse helical teeth are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the gasket body.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The ends of both the first and second lips are bent toward the anti-pressure washer to form an elastic contact structure.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: The pressure-resistant gasket is a metal ring or a hard polymer ring.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: The gasket body, the arc-shaped helical teeth, the reverse helical teeth, the left support block, and the right support block are all made of elastic material.

[0014] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, multiple sets of alternating arc-shaped and reverse-shaped helical teeth on the gasket body create a multi-line sealing effect under pressure, forming a complex and tortuous sealing path. In particular, the sealing protrusions one and two, located at the ends of the two types of helical teeth and intersecting with each other, can interlock or tightly adhere to the flange surface after compression, forming a final, robust sealing barrier, greatly improving high-pressure resistance and leak-proof capabilities. The entire gasket is made of elastic material, allowing it to better adapt to minor unevenness on the flange surface, ensuring a uniform and effective seal under various operating conditions.

[0015] 2. In this utility model, by integrating a rigid anti-pressure washer inside the gasket, the problem of traditional elastic gaskets being easily over-compressed or extruded and failing under high pressure is fundamentally solved. When the gasket is compressed, the arc-shaped helical teeth and the reverse helical teeth, which are the main sealing elements, undergo elastic deformation; when the compression force reaches a certain level, the left and right support blocks on its inner side will completely abut against the rigid anti-pressure washer through lip one and lip two. At this time, the anti-pressure washer will act as the limiting and bearing core, bearing and dispersing the excess locking force, thereby effectively protecting the external elastic sealing structure and preventing it from undergoing permanent plastic deformation due to overpressure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fishbone composite gasket proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fishbone composite gasket proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse oblique tooth portion of the fishbone composite gasket proposed in this utility model. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the image.

[0017] Legend: 1. Gasket body; 2. Arc-shaped helical teeth; 3. Reverse helical teeth; 4. Anti-pressure washer; 5. Receiving cavity; 6. Left support block; 7. Lip one; 8. Right support block; 9. Lip two; 10. Sealing protrusion one; 11. Sealing protrusion two. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Reference Figures 1-4 An embodiment of this utility model is provided: a fishbone composite gasket, comprising a gasket body 1 that serves as the basic skeleton and load-bearing foundation of the gasket; The outer side of the gasket body 1 is integrally provided with multiple sets of arc-shaped helical teeth 2 and reverse helical teeth 3 for forming the main sealing surface. Between the multiple sets of arc-shaped helical teeth 2 and reverse helical teeth 3 arranged in an alternating manner, there is a naturally formed receiving cavity 5 for installing the functional inner core. The cavity 5 is fitted with a rigid anti-compression washer 4 to prevent the gasket from being over-compressed; The curved helical tooth 2 is provided with a left support block 6 for transmitting the clamping force on the side near the anti-pressure washer 4. The left support block 6 is provided with a lip 7 as an elastic contact point, and the left support block 6 abuts against the left side of the anti-pressure washer 4 through the lip 7. The reverse helical tooth 3 is provided with a right support block 8 on the side near the anti-pressure washer 4, which is also used to transmit pressure. The right support block 8 is provided with a lip 9 with a corresponding structure, and the right support block 8 abuts against the right side of the anti-pressure washer 4 through the lip 9. The free end of the arc-shaped helical tooth 2 is provided with a sealing protrusion 10 that plays an auxiliary sealing role, and the free end of the reverse helical tooth 3 is also provided with a sealing protrusion 21. The sealing protrusion 10 and the sealing protrusion 211 are staggered in the circumferential direction to form a more complex sealing path.

[0020] Specifically, the arc-shaped oblique teeth 2 and the reverse oblique teeth 3 on the outer side of the gasket body 1 form a fishbone-shaped elastic sealing structure, which generates multiple tortuous sealing lines under pressure, and forms a final sealing barrier through the sealing protrusion 10 and sealing protrusion 11 at the end. At the same time, the internal rigid anti-pressure washer 4 works in conjunction with the left support block 6, the right support block 8 and their lips 7 and 9 as force transmission components. When the external elastic structure reaches the optimal compression state, the support block will completely abut against the anti-pressure washer 4, and the anti-pressure washer 4 will bear the excess locking force, thereby playing a precise limiting role and effectively preventing the sealing teeth from being damaged or failing due to overpressure, ensuring the sealing reliability and structural stability of the gasket under harsh working conditions.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-4The left support block 6 and lip 7 are integrally formed, and the right support block 8 and lip 9 are integrally formed. This design ensures the structural strength and integrity of the connection between the support block and the lip, avoiding stress concentration points under pressure. Lip 7 is symmetrically arranged on the left support block 6, and lip 9 is also symmetrically arranged on the right support block 8. This symmetrical layout ensures that the force transmission is uniform and stable when the lip abuts against the anti-pressure washer 4, which helps maintain the concentricity of the anti-pressure washer 4 and prevents it from deflecting. Sealing protrusion 10 is precisely set on the side of the end of the arc-shaped helical tooth 2 near the reverse helical tooth 3, and sealing protrusion 11 is set on the side of the end of the reverse helical tooth 3 near the arc-shaped helical tooth 2. This staggered arrangement allows the two sets of protrusions to form a tighter and more tortuous interlocking sealing line under the compressed state, enhancing the final sealing and blocking effect. Multiple sets of arc-shaped helical teeth 2 and multiple sets of The reverse helical teeth 3 are arranged alternately along the circumference of the gasket body 1, forming a labyrinth-like sealing structure. This forces the leaking medium to pass through a longer and more tortuous path, thus significantly improving the reliability of the seal. The ends of the first lip 7 and the second lip 9 are pre-bent towards the anti-pressure washer 4. This design forms a pre-loaded elastic contact structure, which can maintain slight contact with the anti-pressure washer 4 in the early stage of gasket compression, playing a role in buffering and pre-positioning. The anti-pressure washer 4 is made of a metal ring or a hard polymer ring, utilizing its high rigidity and compression resistance physical properties as a rigid limit stop for the gasket compression stroke to withstand excessive bolt tightening force. The gasket body 1, the arc-shaped helical teeth 2, the reverse helical teeth 3, the left support block 6, and the right support block 8 are all made of elastic materials to ensure that the gasket can generate sufficient elastic deformation under pressure to fill the unevenness of the flange surface, thereby forming an effective initial seal.

[0022] Specifically, the one-piece molding and symmetrical design ensure stable and balanced force transmission; the alternating arrangement of helical teeth and the staggered setting of sealing protrusions together construct a multi-layered and complex labyrinthine sealing path, greatly improving leakage resistance; while the curved design of the elastic lip provides appropriate preload and forms a precise compression stroke limiting mechanism with the rigid anti-pressure washer 4. Through the material differentiation and functional coordination between the elastic material body and the rigid limiting ring, the gasket can ultimately provide reliable sealing performance under various pressure conditions, while effectively preventing permanent damage caused by over-compression, ensuring the long-term effectiveness and stability of its sealing function.

[0023] Working principle: When this device is needed, when the fishbone composite gasket is placed between two flange faces to be sealed and the bolts are tightened, the gasket body 1 and its outer arc-shaped helical teeth 2 and reverse helical teeth 3, as the main elastic sealing structure, first undergo elastic deformation. Their inclined surfaces and the sealing protrusions 10 and 11 at the ends will tightly fit against the two flange faces, filling the gap between them and forming multiple independent sealing lines, initially preventing the leakage of the medium; Secondly, as the locking force increases further, the compression of the gasket increases, and the sealing force also strengthens. During this process, the left support block 6 and the right support block 8, located inside the two helical teeth, continuously apply pressure to the rigid anti-pressure washer 4 in the middle through their lips 7 and 9. When the locking force reaches or exceeds the design preload, the deformation of the elastic material causes the left support block 6 and the right support block 8 to be completely pressed against the hard anti-pressure washer 4. At this time, the anti-pressure washer 4 acts as a precise limiting stop, preventing the gasket from being further compressed and bearing the excess axial load.

[0024] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fishbone composite gasket, characterized in that, include: Gasket body (1); The outer side of the gasket body (1) is provided with multiple sets of arc-shaped oblique teeth (2) and reverse oblique teeth (3), and a receiving cavity (5) is formed between the multiple sets of arc-shaped oblique teeth (2) and reverse oblique teeth (3); An anti-pressure gasket (4) is provided inside the receiving cavity (5); The arc-shaped helical tooth (2) is provided with a left support block (6) on the side near the anti-pressure washer (4). The left support block (6) is provided with a lip (7), and the left support block (6) abuts against the left side of the anti-pressure washer (4) through the lip (7). The reverse helical tooth (3) is provided with a right support block (8) on the side near the anti-pressure washer (4). The right support block (8) is provided with a second lip (9), and the right support block (8) abuts against the right side of the anti-pressure washer (4) through the second lip (9). The end of the arc-shaped helical tooth (2) is provided with a sealing protrusion one (10), and the end of the reverse helical tooth (3) is provided with a sealing protrusion two (11), and the sealing protrusion one (10) and the sealing protrusion two (11) are arranged alternately.

2. The fishbone composite gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left support block (6) and the first lip (7) are integrally formed, and the right support block (8) and the second lip (9) are integrally formed.

3. The fishbone composite gasket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first lip (7) is symmetrically arranged on the left support block (6), and the second lip (9) is symmetrically arranged on the right support block (8).

4. The fishbone composite gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing protrusion one (10) is disposed on the side of the end of the arc-shaped helical tooth (2) near the side of the reverse helical tooth (3), and the sealing protrusion two (11) is disposed on the side of the end of the reverse helical tooth (3) near the side of the arc-shaped helical tooth (2).

5. The fishbone composite gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple sets of the arc-shaped helical teeth (2) and multiple sets of the reverse helical teeth (3) are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the gasket body (1).

6. The fishbone composite gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the first lip (7) and the second lip (9) are both bent toward the anti-pressure washer (4) to form an elastic contact structure.

7. The fishbone composite gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-resistant gasket (4) is a metal ring or a hard polymer ring.

8. The fishbone composite gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasket body (1), the arc-shaped helical teeth (2), the reverse helical teeth (3), the left support block (6) and the right support block (8) are all made of elastic material.

Images