A liquid ammonia vaporization device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a liquid ammonia vaporization device, belonging to the field of equipment technology. The device includes an atomizing preheating component, a main vaporization component, and a heat exchange component. The atomizing preheating component includes a liquid inlet pipe, a spray pipe, an atomizing chamber, and a fine orifice plate. The main vaporization component includes a vaporization chamber, stainless steel balls, a second fine orifice plate, and a tapered spray pipe. The heat exchange component includes a hot water annular chamber and a flue gas annular chamber. The hot water annular chamber includes a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet, and the flue gas annular chamber includes a flue gas outlet, a flue gas inlet, and annular fins. Its innovative improvements are mainly reflected in the fact that liquid ammonia is broken into fine droplets by the atomizing preheating component, optimizing the heat and mass transfer conditions required for vaporization, and making full use of low-grade energy to vaporize small liquid ammonia droplets through a group of small-diameter stainless steel balls, resulting in high energy efficiency. Furthermore, this utility model has a relatively simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and high practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of equipment technology, specifically to a liquid ammonia vaporization device. Background Technology

[0002] As a zero-carbon fuel carrier, liquid ammonia has significant energy density, mature storage and transportation infrastructure, and the ability to be liquefied at low pressure and at room temperature, making it a promising candidate for small-scale combustion devices.

[0003] Direct injection combustion of liquid ammonia can avoid the drawbacks of gaseous ammonia (reducing equipment investment and improving mixing efficiency), but it relies on efficient on-the-spot vaporization technology, while existing vaporization devices have significant limitations. For example, the heat source utilization is inefficient, using electric heating or direct steam injection, without integrating low-grade waste heat, resulting in low energy utilization. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the above background technology, this utility model provides a liquid ammonia rapid vaporization device with compact structure, high vaporization efficiency and low energy consumption, which is especially suitable for occasions that require rapid, stable and high-efficiency supply of ammonia.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A liquid ammonia vaporization device includes an atomizing preheating component, a main vaporization component, and a heat exchange component; the atomizing preheating component includes a liquid inlet pipe, a spray pipe, an atomizing chamber, and a fine orifice plate; the main vaporization component includes a vaporization chamber, a stainless steel ball, a fine orifice plate, and a tapered spray pipe; the heat exchange component includes a hot water annular chamber and a flue gas annular chamber, the hot water annular chamber including a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet, and the flue gas annular chamber including a flue gas outlet, a flue gas inlet, and an annular fin.

[0007] Preferably, the liquid inlet pipe, spray pipe, atomizing chamber, and fine orifice plate of the atomizing preheating component are fixed together by welding; the spray pipe has five uniformly arranged spray holes, and the fine orifice plate has multiple spray holes.

[0008] Preferably, the vaporization chamber, the second fine orifice plate, and the tapered nozzle of the main vaporization component are fixed together by welding; the left side of the vaporization chamber is welded to the first fine orifice plate and filled with small-diameter stainless steel balls before welding; the second fine orifice plate is similar to the first fine orifice plate, with multiple spray holes arranged thereon.

[0009] Preferably, the hot water annular chamber and the flue gas annular chamber of the heat exchange component are adjacent to each other and are concentric annular bodies; the hot water inlet is located in the hot water annular chamber and close to the atomization chamber, and the hot water outlet is located in the hot water annular chamber and close to the vaporization chamber; the flue gas outlet is located in the flue gas annular chamber and close to the hot water inlet, and the flue gas inlet is located in the flue gas annular chamber and close to the hot water outlet; the annular ribs are welded to the side of the flue gas annular chamber close to the hot water annular chamber before the heat exchange component is assembled; after the annular ribs are welded, the flue gas annular chamber and the hot water annular chamber are assembled and welded into one unit.

[0010] Preferably, the first fine orifice plate is located between the atomizing chamber and the vaporizing chamber, and the second fine orifice plate is located between the vaporizing chamber and the converging nozzle.

[0011] Preferably, the tapered nozzle has a conical structure.

[0012] Preferably, the hot water annular chamber of the heat exchange assembly surrounds the outer walls of the atomizing chamber and the vaporizing chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the atomizing preheating component, main vaporization component, and heat exchange component in the liquid ammonia vaporization device are all made of 310s stainless steel, which is resistant to high temperature and chemical corrosion.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] In this invention, the atomizing preheating component, main vaporization component, and heat exchange component are all made of 310s stainless steel, which is resistant to high temperatures and chemical corrosion. Liquid ammonia flows in from the inlet pipe of the atomizing preheating component, flows through the spray pipe, and is forced through the fine nozzle orifice, where it is broken into countless tiny droplets or forms a mist. The specific surface area increases sharply as the droplet size decreases, greatly optimizing the heat and mass transfer conditions required for the vaporization process. The hot water flowing in the hot water chamber of the heat exchange component continuously conducts heat to the atomizing chamber and vaporization chamber. When sufficient high-temperature flue gas is generated, the hot water inlet and outlet are sealed, and the countercurrent heat exchange between the flue gas and hot water is enhanced by the annular fins on the flue gas side to maintain a sufficient hot water temperature. The liquid ammonia mist is further refined by the first fine orifice plate, flows through multiple small-diameter stainless steel balls heated by the vaporization chamber, absorbs heat from the stainless steel balls, and is further completely vaporized. Finally, the flow rate is increased by the second fine orifice plate and the tapered nozzle and supplied to the combustion device. The overall structure of this utility model is relatively simple, and the production cost is low. While ensuring the vaporization effect of liquid ammonia, it makes full use of low-grade waste heat (circulating heating water or flue gas waste heat), resulting in high overall energy utilization and high practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Atomizing preheating component; 11. Liquid inlet pipe; 12. Injection pipe; 13. Atomizing chamber; 14. Fine orifice plate one; 2. Main vaporization component; 21. Vaporization chamber; 22. Stainless steel ball; 23. Fine orifice plate two; 24. Converging nozzle; 3. Heat exchange component; 31. Hot water annular chamber; 311. Hot water inlet; 312. Hot water outlet; 32. Flue gas annular chamber; 321. Flue gas outlet; 322. Flue gas inlet; 323. Annular fins. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1:

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a liquid ammonia vaporization device, including: atomization preheating component 1, main vaporization component 2, and heat exchange component 3. The different components are fixed into a whole by welding.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the atomizing preheating assembly 1 includes an inlet pipe 11, a spray pipe 12, an atomizing chamber 13, and a fine orifice plate 14. Each secondary component is welded and fixed to form the atomizing preheating assembly 1. The main vaporization assembly 2 includes a vaporization chamber 21, a fine orifice plate 23, and a tapered spray pipe 24. The aforementioned secondary components are welded and fixed to form the main vaporization assembly 2. A large number of stainless steel balls 22 are loaded into the semi-enclosed space formed by welding the vaporization chamber 21 and the fine orifice plate 23. The heat exchange assembly 3 includes a hot water annular chamber 31 and a flue gas annular chamber 32. Each secondary component is welded and fixed to form the heat exchange assembly 3. The hot water annular chamber 31 includes a hot water inlet 311 and a hot water outlet 312. The flue gas annular chamber 32 includes a flue gas outlet 321, a flue gas inlet 322, and an annular rib 323.

[0024] Example 2:

[0025] like Figure 1-2As shown, this liquid ammonia vaporization device is applied to the ammonia supply system of a marine internal combustion engine. Liquid ammonia is input through the inlet pipe 11 (DN15 interface) at a flow rate of 0.5 kg / s and a pressure of 1.6 MPa. Five 0.3 mm diameter injection holes on the injection pipe 12 initially atomize the liquid ammonia, forming a group of droplets with a particle size ≤100 μm. The outer wall of the atomization chamber 13 is surrounded by a hot water annular chamber 31 (filled with hot water). 90°C hot water flows in from the hot water inlet 311, and after heat exchange with the wall surface, flows out from the hot water outlet 312 (temperature drop ≤10°C), maintaining the wall temperature of the atomization chamber above 80°C.

[0026] The atomized droplets are further refined by a fine-orifice plate 14 (0.5 mm aperture, 40% opening ratio) and then enter a vaporization chamber 21 filled with 310s stainless steel balls 22 with a diameter of 3 mm. The group of steel balls is continuously heated to 75°C by a hot water annular chamber, where the liquid ammonia absorbs sensible heat and completely vaporizes. The vaporized ammonia gas is rectified by a fine-orifice plate 23 (1 mm aperture) and then accelerated to 25 m / s by a tapered nozzle 24 (10 mm outlet diameter) before being output to the burner.

[0027] When the exhaust waste heat of the engine is available (flue gas temperature ≥350℃), the hot water inlet and outlet are closed, and the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the flue gas annular chamber 32 through the flue gas inlet 322. The countercurrent heat transfer to the hot water annular chamber 31 is enhanced by the annular ribs 323 (rib height 8 mm, spacing 5 mm), so that the hot water temperature is stabilized above 80℃, ensuring continuous vaporization.

[0028] The above embodiments are only typical implementations of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can adjust the number of injection holes of the preset injection pipe, the diameter of the stainless steel ball, the diameter of the fine hole plate and the opening ratio according to the actual working conditions. All these modifications fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A liquid ammonia vaporization device, characterized in that: It includes an atomizing preheating component (1), a main vaporization component (2), and a heat exchange component (3) connected in sequence. The atomizing preheating component (1) includes an inlet pipe (11), an injection pipe (12) with injection orifices, an atomizing chamber (13), and an orifice plate (14). The main vaporization component (2) includes a vaporization chamber (21), a stainless steel ball (22) filled in the vaporization chamber, a fine orifice plate (23), and a tapered nozzle (24). The heat exchange assembly (3) includes a coaxially nested hot water annular chamber (31) and a flue gas annular chamber (32). The hot water annular chamber is provided with a hot water inlet (311) and a hot water outlet (312). The flue gas annular chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet (322) and a flue gas outlet (321). The inner wall of the flue gas annular chamber is welded with annular ribs (323).

2. The liquid ammonia vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray pipe (12) has five spray holes with a diameter of 0.2–0.5 mm evenly distributed around its circumference. The opening ratio of the first fine hole plate (14) and the second fine hole plate (23) is 30–50%, and the hole diameter is 0.5–1.0 mm.

3. The liquid ammonia vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stainless steel ball (22) has a diameter of 2–5 mm and a filling density of ≥90%, and directly contacts the inner wall of the vaporization chamber (21).

4. The liquid ammonia vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular ribs (323) are 5–10 mm high and 3–8 mm apart, and are welded to the side wall of the flue gas annular chamber (32) near the hot water annular chamber (31).

5. The liquid ammonia vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot water inlet (311) is adjacent to the atomizing chamber (13), and the hot water outlet (312) is adjacent to the vaporizing chamber (21); the flue gas inlet (322) is adjacent to the hot water outlet (312), and the flue gas outlet (321) is adjacent to the hot water inlet (311), forming a countercurrent heat exchange channel.

6. The liquid ammonia vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fine orifice plate (14) is located between the atomizing chamber (13) and the vaporizing chamber (21), and the second fine orifice plate (23) is located between the vaporizing chamber (21) and the tapered nozzle (24).

7. The liquid ammonia vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tapered nozzle (24) has a conical structure.

8. The liquid ammonia vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot water annular chamber (31) of the heat exchange component (3) surrounds the outer wall of the atomizing chamber (13) and the vaporizing chamber (21).

9. The liquid ammonia vaporization apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: All components are made of 310s stainless steel.

10. The liquid ammonia vaporization apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that: The atomizing preheating component (1), the main vaporization component (2), and the heat exchange component (3) are connected by welding and sealing.

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